CN102071495B - Figured sea-island super-fine fiber, and preparation method thereof and synthetic leather preparing process method using same - Google Patents
Figured sea-island super-fine fiber, and preparation method thereof and synthetic leather preparing process method using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102071495B CN102071495B CN201010554602.3A CN201010554602A CN102071495B CN 102071495 B CN102071495 B CN 102071495B CN 201010554602 A CN201010554602 A CN 201010554602A CN 102071495 B CN102071495 B CN 102071495B
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- Prior art keywords
- island
- fiber
- synthetic leather
- spinning
- component
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- 239000000835 fibers Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 methods Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation methods Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000004744 fabrics Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002131 composite materials Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000758 substrates Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011528 polyamide (building material) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920002647 polyamides Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010533 azeotropic distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002356 single layers Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241001081830 Degeneriaceae Species 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 229920002635 polyurethanes Polymers 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000004698 Polyethylene (PE) Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene Chemical compound 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CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000008094 toluene Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920000573 polyethylenes Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 materials Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000155 melts Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005755 formation reactions Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylformamide Chemical compound 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- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-xylene Chemical compound 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Abstract
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and be a kind ofly applicable to island ultrafine fiber, its preparation method of toluene extraction type superfine fiber chemical leather and utilize it to prepare the process of synthetic leather, belong to synthetic leather and manufacture method technical field thereof.
Background technology
Use for synthetic leather superfine fibre is divided into figured type and not figured type.Not figured type superfine fibre usually with PA6 (polyamide) for island component, polyethylene is sea component, adopt singe screw bi-component mixed melting composite spinning method, utilize the incompatibility of two kinds of high polymer moltens in fibre section, form island distribution, the island bicomponent composite fibre obtained, the chemolysis through road later forms superfine fibre after extracting out.On singe screw, composite is adopted owing to adopting two component slices of incompatibility, therefore in gained single fiber, the island number of island phase is uncontrollable and island is longitudinally discrete mutually, the fiber number of the superfine fibre formed after follow-up fibrillation and length are not fixed with uneven, the technology control aspect of Fei Ding island technology is very difficult, as the deployment conditions of the ratio between the component of island, island component, the coupling of melt flow stream shear viscosity in spinning drawing process and control etc.These factors all directly have influence on the diameter of island component fibre, length, quantity and their irregular distributed degrees etc. thereof, separating effect etc. between island, thus also directly affect performance and the quality of its synthetic leather goods, emphasis is embodied in batch quality stability difference of synthetic leather, and sea component is residual high, and dyeability is poor, Mechanical Fluctuation is large, the product specification produced is low, affects the expansion of the Application Areas of synthetic leather product, especially in garment industry.Figured type composite ultrafine fiber is that state-of-the-art one produces superfine fibre technology in the world.Adopt twin-screw, bi-component, each component respectively walks each melting metering system for the distribution of commodities, and then two strands of melts are extruded after compound and formed fabric of island-in-sea type composite ultrafine fiber in composite spinneret pack from spinneret orifice.Figured islands-in-sea fiber is used for traditional textile and synthetic leather industry, general with PA6 (polyamide) or PET terylene) for island component, with COPET (alkali solubility polyester) for extra large component, follow-uply in traditional textile or synthetic leather industry, caustic reduction processing is adopted to realize fibrillation fine.This mode possesses the good feature of environmental protection (without toluene or dimethylbenzene fibrillation) in production synthetic leather, but also bring a series of problem, due to the change of fibrillation mode, need brand-new synthetic leather production line and supporting alkali collection treating apparatus, the synthetic leather production line that system extracted out by existing toluene cannot use, need brand-new investment, one-time investment is very large, use owing to there are a large amount of different auxiliary agents in synthetic leather process, there is a very large difficult problem in alkali collection recyclings etc., therefore causes production cost very high.Generally speaking, the alkaline resistance properties of polyurethane is bad, therefore polyurethane that special alkaline resistance properties is superior is needed just can to carry out the production and processing of synthetic leather, the fiber opening process of product not only affects the effect of fibrillation, also damage the performance of polyurethane, because the controllability of production technology requires high, production cost is higher than traditional toluene extraction type synthetic leather simultaneously, the quality of product is not good based on toluene extraction type synthetic leather yet, have impact on the promotion and application of this type of product technology yet.
And adopt traditional toluene extraction type technique, carry out the exploitation of figured type superfine fibre and the production of follow-up synthetic leather thereof, report still not relevant at present and product.
The relatively non-figured type superfine fiber chemical leather of figured type superfine fiber chemical leather, possess more superior mechanical property and dyeability, market application foreground is wide, especially at clothes, the high-end market segment such as automobile, than the better physical and chemical performance of natural leather, product homogeneity, gas permeability and weather-resistant property.
Summary of the invention
The island constituent content that the object of the invention is to solve in existing use for synthetic leather non-figured islands-in-sea micro staple fiber is low, island component plucked, not easily fibrillation, after fibrillation, Dyeing of Superfine Polyester Fibre is poor, the series of problems such as poor mechanical property, it also avoid the equipment investment existed based on caustic reduction processing production superfine fiber chemical leather large simultaneously, production cost is high, the problems such as product quality is not high, provide a kind of island ultrafine fiber produced under existing toluene fibrillation system with and preparation method thereof, additionally provide a kind of process utilizing this island ultrafine fiber to prepare synthetic leather simultaneously.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
Island ultrafine fiber, special character is that the percentage by weight of island component and sea component in this fiber is 50%-80%: 50%-20%, wherein island component is PA6 (polyamide) or PET (polyester), and sea component is TPO or PLB (PLA) or PVOH (polyvinyl alcohol);
The preferred PE of TPO in described sea component (polyethylene) or PS (polystyrene) or PP (polypropylene)
The preparation method of above-mentioned island ultrafine fiber, special character is specifically to comprise the following steps:
1, chip drying and melting: respectively chip drying is carried out to sea, island component, wherein extra dry process is not needed for sea component TPO, for sea component PLB (PLA) or PVOH (polyvinyl alcohol) chip drying moisture control at 20-100PPM; Island component PA6 (polyamide) is required that moisture content is 20-100PPM, island component PET (polyester) is required that moisture content is 20-50PPM; Dried sea, island component slices are put in respective spinning storage tank respectively by feeding system, enter melted by heating in respective screw extruder through feeding system and extrude, form spinning melt through respective fondant filter again, enter spinning manifold by melt pipe and carry out spinning;
Wherein island component is at screw extruder, melt pipe, and the temperature in each region of spinning manifold controls to be that very crucial, concrete temperature controls as follows:
2, composite spinning: first the spinning melt entering spinning manifold enters respective measuring pump and measure according to island component ratio, wherein sea component percentage by weight in island controls as 50%-80%: 50%-20%, island Shuo Wei 37 island, then composite spining module is entered, finally spray by spinnerets, form island structure compound tow;
3, oil bucket: from the compound tow of spinnerets ejection through lateral blowing cooling forming, each spinning station doubling after oiling, forms silk bucket through coiler device, sunflower roller;
Wherein the winding speed of spinning is 500-2000m/min, and the intrafascicular precursor fiber number of front spinning is 12-16dtex;
4, drawing-off is curling: according to the capacity of post-spinning production line crimper, by the tow of some silks bucket through creel boundling, then the drawing-off of twice drawing-off groove is entered, total draft multiple is 3-4.5 times, drawing temperature controls at 75-200 DEG C, then through the sizing of 100-150 DEG C of vapours anxiety, then enter crimper and carry out curling, wherein the crimpness of fiber is 15-25/inch;
5, dry cut-out: the tow after curling enters finish spray equipment, lax dryness finalization is carried out again through drying box, the temperature in drying box three district is respectively 85-95 DEG C, 95-105 DEG C, 105-115 DEG C, what finally dried tow is cut into 38mm or 51mm determines island staple fibre, finally packed by baling press, the fibre size control of finished fiber single fiber is at 2.5-6.0dtex.
In above-mentioned preparation method, the adjustment of island component ratio depends primarily on the distributing homogeneity of island component in sea component and the needs of follow-up synthetic leather product design, but exceed certain limit, easily occur that island component adhesion even occurs that island is compounded to form skin-core structure compound, cannot form island-in-sea type composite fiber, spinnability also declines thereupon.
In above-mentioned preparation method, what obtain is figured type composite superfine staple, and according to the difference of composite spining module design, can be 37 islands, 51 islands be even more.
Utilize above-mentioned island ultrafine fiber to prepare the process of synthetic leather, its special character is to comprise following concrete steps:
1, first, island ultrafine fiber obtained above is cotton through shredding, adopt carding machine to be carded to single layer fibre net, after form composite bed fibre web through cross lapping machine; Fibre web by platform acupuncture, adds up needling density 1000-2000 pin/cm through follow-up some needing machines 2rear formation density is 0.21-0.28g/cm 3needle punched non-woven fabrics; Needle punched non-woven fabrics is again after the hot-air heat treatment of 130-160 DEG C, and through the calender roll-in of 30-80 DEG C, formation apparent density is 0.29-0.36g/cm 3needle fabric;
2, then, flooded by the non-weaving cloth obtained through polyurethane solutions, the non-weaving cloth after dipping is 25-35% in concentration, and temperature is fully solidify in DMF (dimethyl formamide) aqueous solution of 25-35 DEG C; Then in the water of 40-95 DEG C, fully washing forms synthetic leather immersed substrate; Then immersed substrate repeatedly soaks in 85 DEG C of toluene solutions, pressure roller squeezing process is determined island micro staple fiber sea component to extract, and made it the fine realizing fiber.Toluene is extracted the base material fully out and is entered azeotropic distillation in the water of 90 DEG C, and the residual toluene of base material is removed, and finally, base material carries out drying in the multi-region air oven of 120-150 DEG C.Preparing width of going out is 142-146cm, and density is 0.36-0.41g/cm 3, the island ultrafine fiber synthetic leather base cloth that the average fineness of the island ultrafine fiber formed after fibrillation is 0.03-0.1dtex, every root fibre bundle contains 37 superfine fibres.
The solvent of described polyurethane solutions is DMF (dimethyl formamide), and solid content is 19-23%; This polyurethane is mainly obtained by 4,4-methyl diphenylene diisocyanate and polyol reaction, and wherein the percentage by weight of polyalcohol is 50-80%, and described polyalcohol is 100% polyethers, optimum is polytetramethylene ether diol;
Carry out polyethylene to the synthetic leather base cloth obtained in above-mentioned preparation method to remain and the test of polyurethane content, result is polyurethane content is 38-50%, and polyethylene remains as 0.2-0.6%.
Utilize the sand paper of 180-800 order granularity superfine fiber synthetic leather base cloth obtained above to be carried out to the flour milling of positive and negative, very short matte is played on surface, forms suede base cloth.
The island ultrafine fiber that the present invention produces is mainly used in making synthetic leather, this synthetic leather product with compare based on non-island ultrafine fiber products obtained therefrom at present, possess more superior mechanical property, dyeability and dyefastness, there is better production controllability, more economical manufacturing cost and environmental requirement, be more suitable for matte class, dyeing class synthetic leather and product application thereof.Compare with natural leather and goods thereof, the wearability such as the durability of product, weather fastness, antibacterial mothproof, dyefastness is far superior to natural leather and goods.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: island ultrafine fiber manufacturing process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2: PA6/PE island ultrafine fiber cross-sectional structure figure
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1 (determining island micro staple fiber)
Using PA6 (polyamide) as island component, section is guaranteed containing water management at 100PPM through super-dry, PE (polyethylene) is as sea component, put in respective storage tank respectively, enter respective screw extruder melted by heating, filtration through feeding system, be then transported to spinning manifold through melt pipe.Island component controls as follows in the temperature of regional:
The spinning melt entering spinning manifold is metered into composite spining module through respective measuring pump, wherein island component ratio controls as PA6: PE=60: 40, island Shuo Wei 37 island, formation composite monofilament is extruded through spinnerets, through lateral blowing cooling, oil, curlingly store in silk bucket through sunflower roller, before the winding speed of spinning be 800m/min, the intrafascicular precursor fiber number of front spinning is 15dtex.
By the tow of the silk bucket of some through creel boundling, then through two road drawing-off groove drawing-offs, total draft multiple is 3.5 times, and drawing temperature is 75 degree.Tow after drawing-off is through the sizing of 100 DEG C of vapours anxieties, and enter crimper and carry out curling, crimpness is 19/inch, then enters finish spray equipment, is sent to drying box and carries out lax dryness finalization, and the temperature in drying box three district is 85 DEG C, 95 DEG C, 105 DEG C.Dried tow is cut to the staple fibre of 51mm, eventually pass baling press packing finished product, the fibre size control of finished fiber single fiber is at 4.5dtex.
Gained determines all technical of island micro staple fiber in table 1, and island cross-sectional structure is shown in Fig. 2.
Table 1:PA6/PE determines island micro staple fiber technical indicator
Embodiment 2 (determining island micro staple fiber)
Using PET (polyester) as island component, section is guaranteed containing water management at 30PPM through super-dry, PE (polyethylene) is as sea component, put in respective storage tank respectively, enter respective screw extruder melted by heating, filtration through feeding system, be then transported to spinning manifold through melt pipe.Island component controls as follows in the temperature of regional:
The spinning melt entering spinning manifold is metered into composite spining module through respective measuring pump, wherein island component ratio controls as PET: PE=50: 50, island Shuo Wei 37 island, formation composite monofilament is extruded through spinnerets, through lateral blowing cooling, oil, curlingly store in silk bucket through sunflower roller, before the winding speed of spinning be 500m/min, the intrafascicular precursor fiber number of front spinning is 16dtex.
By the tow of the silk bucket of some through creel boundling, then through two road drawing-off groove drawing-offs, total draft multiple is 3.0 times, and drawing temperature is 95 DEG C.Tow after drawing-off is through the sizing of 150 DEG C of vapours anxieties, and enter crimper and carry out curling, crimpness is 15/inch, then enters finish spray equipment, is sent to drying box and carries out lax dryness finalization, and the temperature in drying box three district is 95 DEG C, 105 DEG C, 115 DEG C.Dried tow is cut to the staple fibre of 38mm, eventually pass baling press packing finished product, the fibre size control of finished fiber single fiber is at 6.0dtex.
Embodiment 3 (determining island micro staple fiber):
Using PA6 (polyamide) as island component, section is guaranteed containing water management at 80PPM through super-dry, PS (polystyrene) is as sea component, put in respective storage tank respectively, enter respective screw extruder melted by heating, filtration through feeding system, be then transported to spinning manifold through melt pipe.Island component controls as follows in the temperature of regional:
The spinning melt entering spinning manifold is metered into composite spining module through respective measuring pump, wherein island component ratio controls as PA6: PS=80: 20, island Shuo Wei 37 island, formation composite monofilament is extruded through spinnerets, through lateral blowing cooling, oil, curlingly store in silk bucket through sunflower roller, the winding speed of spinning is 1000m/min, and the intrafascicular precursor fiber number of front spinning is 12dtex.
By the tow of the silk bucket of some through creel boundling, then enter the drawing-off of twice drawing-off groove, total draft multiple is 3.0 times, and drawing temperature is 200 DEG C.Tow after drawing-off through the sizing of 120 DEG C of vapourss anxiety, then enters crimper and carries out curling, and crimpness is 15/inch; Then enter finish spray equipment, be sent to drying box and carry out lax dryness finalization, the temperature in drying box three district is 90 DEG C, 100 DEG C, 110 DEG C.Dried tow is cut to the staple fibre of 51mm, eventually pass baling press packing, the fibre size control of finished fiber single fiber is at 4.5dtex.
Embodiment 4 (determining island micro staple fiber):
Using PA6 (polyamide) as island component, section is guaranteed containing water management at 60PPM through super-dry, PE (polyethylene) is as sea component, put in respective storage tank respectively, enter respective screw extruder melted by heating, filtration through feeding system, be then transported to spinning manifold through melt pipe.Island component controls as follows in the temperature of regional:
The spinning melt entering spinning manifold is metered into composite spining module through respective measuring pump, wherein island component ratio controls as PA6: PE=50: 50, island Shuo Wei 37 island, formation composite monofilament is extruded through spinnerets, through lateral blowing cooling, oil, curlingly store in silk bucket through sunflower roller, the winding speed of spinning is 1500m/min, and the intrafascicular precursor fiber number of front spinning is 12dtex.
By the tow of the silk bucket of some through creel boundling, then through two road drawing-off groove drawing-offs, total draft multiple is 4.5 times, and drawing temperature is 75 DEG C.Tow after drawing-off is through the sizing of 110 DEG C of vapours anxieties, and enter crimper and carry out curling, crimpness is 22/inch, then enters finish spray equipment, is sent to drying box and carries out lax dryness finalization, and the temperature in drying box three district is 85 DEG C, 95 DEG C, 105 DEG C.Dried tow is cut to the staple fibre of 51mm, eventually pass baling press packing finished product, the fibre size control of finished fiber single fiber is at 2.5dtex.
Embodiment 5 (determining island micro staple fiber):
Using PA6 (polyamide) as island component, section is guaranteed containing water management at 50PPM through super-dry, PE (polyethylene) is as sea component, put in respective storage tank respectively, by black Masterbatch (PA6 is carrier) through three components feeding system, enter respective screw extruder melted by heating, filtration through feeding system together, be then transported to spinning manifold through melt pipe.Island component controls as follows in the temperature of regional:
The spinning melt entering spinning manifold is metered into composite spining module through respective measuring pump, wherein island component ratio controls as PA6: Masterbatch: PE=57: 3: 40, island Shuo Wei 37 island, formation composite monofilament is extruded through spinnerets, through lateral blowing cooling, oil, curlingly store in silk bucket through sunflower roller, the winding speed of spinning is 2000m/min, and the intrafascicular precursor fiber number of front spinning is 15dtex.
By the tow of the silk bucket of some through creel boundling, then through two road drawing-off groove drawing-offs, total draft multiple is 3.5 times, and drawing temperature is 80 DEG C.Tow after drawing-off is through the sizing of 130 DEG C of vapours anxieties, and enter crimper and carry out curling, crimpness is 25/inch, then enters finish spray equipment, is sent to drying box and carries out lax dryness finalization, and the temperature in drying box three district is 95 DEG C, 105 DEG C, 110 DEG C.Dried tow is cut to the staple fibre of 51mm, eventually pass baling press packing finished product, the fibre size control of finished fiber single fiber is at 4.5dtex, and this fiber forms black silk micro staple fiber after toluene fibrillation.
Embodiment 6 (synthetic leather base cloth):
The figured type micro staple fiber of the PA6 (island component) obtained from embodiment 1 and low density polyethylene (LDPE) PE (sea component) 60/40, cotton through shredding, adopt carding machine to be carded to single layer fibre net, after form composite bed fibre web through cross lapping machine.Fibre web by platform acupuncture, adds up needling density 1000 pins/cm through follow-up some needing machines 2rear formation density is 0.21g/cm 3needle punched non-woven fabrics.Needle punched non-woven fabrics, again after the hot-air heat treatment of 130 DEG C, through the calender roll-in of 30 DEG C, forms apparent density 0.29g/cm 3needle fabric.
The non-weaving cloth obtained is through polyurethane solutions (solvent is DMF, and solid content is 19%) dipping, and this polyurethane is mainly obtained by 4,4 '-methyl diphenylene diisocyanate and polyol reaction, wherein the percentage by weight 50% of polyalcohol.The polyalcohol that polyurethane adopts is 100% polytetramethylene ether diol, after polyurethane impregnated, non-weaving cloth is 25% in DMF concentration, fully solidify in the aqueous solution that temperature is 25 DEG C, then fully wash at the multi-region rinsing bowl of 40C and form synthetic leather immersed substrate, the repeatedly immersion of immersed substrate then in 85 DEG C of toluene solutions/pressure roller squeezing process is determined island micro staple fiber polyethylene sea component to extract, and is made it the fine realizing fiber.Base material after toluene extraction fully enters the azeotropic distillation in 90 DEG C of water, and the residual toluene of base material is removed, and finally, base material carries out drying in the multi-region air oven of 120-150 DEG C.Preparing width of going out is 142cm, and density is 0.36mm, and the average fineness of superfine fibre is 0.03dtex, and every root superfine fibre bundle is containing the island ultrafine fiber synthetic leather base cloth of 37 superfine fibres.
Carry out polyethylene to base cloth to remain and the test of polyurethane content, result is polyurethane content is about 38%, and it is 0.2% that polyethylene remains.
Then utilize the sand paper of 400 order granularities superfine fiber synthetic leather base cloth to be carried out to the flour milling of positive and negative, very short matte is played on surface, forms suede base cloth.
Embodiment 7 (synthetic leather base cloth)
The figured type micro staple fiber of the PA6 (island component) obtained from embodiment 4 and low density polyethylene (LDPE) PE (sea component) 50/50, cotton through shredding, adopt carding machine to be carded to single layer fibre net, after form composite bed fibre web through cross lapping machine.Fibre web by platform acupuncture, adds up needling density 2000 pins/cm through follow-up some needing machines 2rear formation density is 0.28g/cm 3needle punched non-woven fabrics.Needle punched non-woven fabrics, again after the hot-air heat treatment of 160 DEG C, through the calender roll-in of 80 DEG C, forms apparent density 0.36g/cm 3needle fabric.
The non-weaving cloth obtained is through polyurethane solutions (solvent is DMF, and solid content is 23%) dipping, and this polyurethane is mainly obtained by 4,4 '-methyl diphenylene diisocyanate and polyol reaction, wherein the percentage by weight 80% of polyalcohol.The polyalcohol that polyurethane adopts is 100% polytetramethylene ether diol, after polyurethane impregnated, non-weaving cloth is 35% in DMF concentration, fully solidify in the aqueous solution that temperature is 35 DEG C, then formation synthetic leather immersed substrate is fully washed at the multi-region rinsing bowl of 95 DEG C, the repeatedly immersion of immersed substrate then in 85 DEG C of toluene solutions/pressure roller squeezing process is determined island micro staple fiber polyethylene sea component to extract, and is made it the fine realizing fiber.Base material after toluene extraction fully enters the azeotropic distillation in 90 DEG C of water, and the residual toluene of base material is removed, and finally, base material carries out drying in the multi-region air oven of 120-150 DEG C.Preparing width of going out is 146cm, and density is 0.41mm, and the average fineness of superfine fibre is 0.03dtex, and every root superfine fibre bundle is containing the island ultrafine fiber synthetic leather base cloth of 37 superfine fibres.
Carry out polyethylene to base cloth to remain and the test of polyurethane content, result is polyurethane content is about 50%, and it is 0.6% that polyethylene remains.
Then utilize the sand paper of 800 order granularities superfine fiber synthetic leather base cloth to be carried out to the flour milling of positive and negative, very short matte is played on surface, forms suede base cloth.
Embodiment 8 (synthetic leather base cloth):
The figured type micro staple fiber of PA6 (island component)/low density polyethylene (LDPE) PE (sea component)/Masterbatch=57/40/3 obtained from embodiment 5, cotton through shredding, adopt carding machine be carded to filament web, after through cross lapping machine formed fibre web.Fibre web by platform acupuncture, adds up needling density 1500 pins/cm through follow-up some needing machines 2rear formation density is 0.25g/cm 3needle punched non-woven fabrics.Needle punched non-woven fabrics, again after the hot-air heat treatment of 150 DEG C, through the calender roll-in of 80 DEG C, forms apparent density 0.32g/cm 3needle fabric.
The non-weaving cloth obtained is through polyurethane solutions (solvent is DMF, and solid content is 21%) dipping, and this polyurethane is mainly obtained by 4,4 '-methyl diphenylene diisocyanate and polyol reaction, and wherein the percentage by weight of polyalcohol is 65%.The polyalcohol that polyurethane adopts is 100% polytetramethylene ether diol, after polyurethane impregnated, non-weaving cloth is 30% in DMF concentration, fully solidify in the aqueous solution that temperature is 30 DEG C, then formation synthetic leather immersed substrate is fully washed at the multi-region rinsing bowl of 70 DEG C, the repeatedly immersion of immersed substrate then in 85 DEG C of toluene solutions/pressure roller squeezing process is determined island micro staple fiber polyethylene sea component to extract, and is made it the fine realizing fiber.Base material after toluene extraction fully enters the azeotropic distillation in 90 DEG C of water, and the residual toluene of base material is removed, and finally, base material carries out drying in the multi-region air oven of 120-150 DEG C.Preparing width of going out is 145cm, and density is 0.38mm, and the average fineness of superfine fibre is 0.07dtex, and every root superfine fibre bundle is containing the island ultrafine fiber synthetic leather base cloth of 37 superfine fibres.
Carry out polyethylene to base cloth to remain and the test of polyurethane content, result is polyurethane content is about 45%, and it is 0.4% that polyethylene remains.
Then utilize the sand paper of 180 order granularities superfine fiber synthetic leather base cloth to be carried out to the flour milling of positive and negative, very short matte is played on surface, forms suede base cloth.
Comparative example 9 (synthetic leather base cloth):
Adopt conventional non-island ultrafine fiber (the Fei Ding island micro staple fiber of PA6 (island component) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) PE (sea component) 50/50, fiber number is 5.5dtex, length is 51mm), cotton through shredding, adopt carding machine to be carded to single layer fibre net, after form composite bed fibre web through cross lapping machine.Fibre web by platform acupuncture, adds up needling density 1000 pins/cm through follow-up some needing machines 2rear formation density is 0.21g/cm 3needle punched non-woven fabrics.Needle punched non-woven fabrics, again after the hot-air heat treatment of 135 DEG C, through the calender roll-in of 60 DEG C, forms about 600g/m 2, thickness is 2.00mm, apparent density 0.30g/cm 3needle fabric.
Through polyurethane solutions, (solvent is DMF to the non-weaving cloth obtained, solid content is 19%) dipping, this polyurethane is mainly by 4,4 '-methyl diphenylene diisocyanate and polyol reaction obtain, the polyalcohol that polyurethane adopts is 100% polytetramethylene ether diol, and polyol amount is 80%.After polyurethane impregnated, non-weaving cloth is 35% in DMF concentration, fully solidify in the aqueous solution that temperature is 35 DEG C, then formation synthetic leather immersed substrate is fully washed at the multi-region rinsing bowl of 40-95 DEG C, the repeatedly immersion of immersed substrate then in 85 DEG C of toluene solutions/pressure roller squeezing process is determined island micro staple fiber polyethylene sea component to extract, and is made it the fine realizing fiber.Base material after toluene extraction fully enters the azeotropic distillation in 90 DEG C of boiling water, and the residual toluene of base material is removed, and then, base material carries out drying in the multi-region air oven of 120-150 DEG C.Finally preparing width of going out is 145cm, and thickness is 1.6mm, and the average fineness of superfine fibre is 0.005dtex (average island number is 500/root), and every root superfine fibre bundle is containing the non-island ultrafine fiber synthetic leather base cloth of 500 superfine fibres.
Carry out polyethylene to base cloth to remain and the test of polyurethane content, result is polyurethane content is about 44%, and it is 2.5% that polyethylene remains.
Then utilize the sand paper of 400 order granularities superfine fiber synthetic leather base cloth to be carried out to the flour milling of positive and negative, very short matte is played on surface, forms suede base cloth.
Comparative example 10 (synthetic leather base cloth):
Utilize conventional Fei Ding island black silk superfine fibre (the non-figured type micro staple fiber of PA6 (island component)/low density polyethylene (LDPE) PE (sea component)/Masterbatch=47/50/3), cotton through shredding, adopt carding machine be carded to filament web, after through cross lapping machine formed fibre web.Fibre web by platform acupuncture, adds up needling density 1000 pins/cm through follow-up some needing machines 2rear formation density is 0.23g/cm 3needle punched non-woven fabrics.Needle punched non-woven fabrics, again after the hot-air heat treatment of 150 DEG C, through the calender roll-in of 60 DEG C, forms about 600g/m 2, thickness is 2.00mm, apparent density 0.30g/cm 3needle fabric.
The non-weaving cloth obtained (wherein adds the carbon black color paste of 3 parts of weight ratios through polyurethane mixed solution, color sizing vector is this polyurethane) (solvent is DMF, solid content is 19%) dipping, this polyurethane is mainly by 4,4 '-methyl diphenylene diisocyanate and polyol reaction obtain, the polyalcohol that polyurethane adopts is 100% polytetramethylene ether diol, and polyol amount is 80%.After polyurethane impregnated, non-weaving cloth is 35% in DMF concentration, fully solidify in the aqueous solution that temperature is 35 DEG C, then formation synthetic leather immersed substrate is fully washed at the multi-region rinsing bowl of 40-95 DEG C, the repeatedly immersion of immersed substrate then in 85 DEG C of toluene solutions/pressure roller squeezing process is determined island micro staple fiber polyethylene sea component to extract, and is made it the fine realizing fiber.Base material after toluene extraction fully enters the azeotropic distillation in 90 DEG C of boiling water, and the residual toluene of base material is removed, and then, base material carries out drying in the air oven of 120 DEG C.Finally preparing width of going out is 145cm, and thickness is 1.6mm, and the average fineness of superfine fibre is 0.005dtex (average island number is 500/root), and every root superfine fibre bundle is containing the non-island ultrafine fiber synthetic leather base cloth of 500 superfine fibres.
Carry out polyethylene to base cloth to remain and the test of polyurethane content, result is polyurethane content is about 44%, and it is 1.8% that polyethylene remains.
Then utilize the sand paper of 400 order granularities superfine fiber synthetic leather base cloth to be carried out to the flour milling of positive and negative, very short matte is played on surface, forms suede base cloth.
Embodiment 11 (synthetic leather dyeing):
Embodiment 6-8 is obtained figured type suede base cloth and comparative example 9-10 non-figured type suede base cloth to dye according to condition below: bath raio 1: 25, dyestuff 5%owf, dye liquor pH value controls at 4-9, dyestuff adopts neutral premetallized dyes, overflow high temp dyeing also, after drying, carries out softener process then 120 DEG C of oven dry to this suede.Suede after oven dry adopts 800 order grit papers to carry out the flour milling napping process of positive and negative, thus guarantees that matte shows and the outward appearance of top grade, has the feel of writing benefit and exquisiteness softness significantly.
The performance comparison of various product is in table two:
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| CN102071495A (en) | 2011-05-25 |
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