CN103072044A - Miniature milling and drilling combined machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The micro-milling-drilling combined machine tool belongs to the field of mechanical processing equipment, and aims to solve the problem that the prior art cannot realize high-precision machining under high-speed. Including base, gantry frame, sliding table, fixture, electric spindle, spindle jacket and control computer; the three sliding tables are respectively used as X-direction sliding table, Y-direction sliding table and Z-direction sliding table, the X-direction sliding table, The Y-direction slide table and the Z-direction slide table are located in the direction of the three coordinate axes of the coordinate system. The Z-direction slide table drives the electric spindle to perform the Z-direction feed movement, and the X-direction slide table and the Y-direction slide table work together. Drive the workpiece on the jig to do X-direction and Y-direction compound movement, the control computer controls the motor operation in the X-direction slide table, Y-direction slide table and Z-direction slide table and the rotation of the electric spindle through the numerical control system, and the electric spindle is matched and connected Milling cutters and drills realize milling and drilling. The invention controls the motor to drive the overall movement through the numerical control system, realizes high-precision processing at high speed; realizes the functions of the milling machine and the drilling machine by replacing the milling cutter and the drill bit.

Description

Micro milling and drilling machine tool

technical field

The invention relates to a micro-milling-drilling combined machine tool capable of completing high-precision milling and drilling of workpieces at high speed, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing equipment.

Background technique

Precision/ultra-precision three-dimensional tiny parts used in aerospace, defense industry, microelectronics industry, modern medicine and bioengineering technology have dimensional characteristics ranging from microns to millimeters, and three-dimensional tiny parts and micro-devices using three-dimensional tiny parts also have Specialized structural shape, diversified parts materials, high precision of size and surface quality.

The Chinese patent application number CN200920193988.2 discloses a technical solution named "micro-milling machine". The micro milling machine includes a machine bed, a worktable transmission system, a spindle lifting transmission system, a spindle control system and an encoding control system, the machine bed is arranged at the lowermost end of the machine tool, and the worktable transmission system is arranged on the machine bed, The workbench transmission system includes a transverse transmission system and a longitudinal transmission system. A column box is connected to the upper part of the machine bed, and the end of the column box is connected to the spindle control system and the coding control system. The coding control system controls the The main shaft moves, and the main shaft lifting system lifts along the column box.

Due to reasons such as the design of the worktable transmission system and the design of the spindle control system of the micro milling machine, the micro milling machine cannot perform high-precision machining at high rotational speeds.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the prior art cannot realize high-precision machining at high speed, and propose a micro-milling-drilling combined machine tool integrating milling and drilling functions.

In order to achieve the above object, the micro-milling-drilling machine tool of the present invention includes a base, a fixture, a slide table, an electric spindle, a control computer, a machine tool controller, a spindle transmission, a gantry and a spindle chuck;

The three slides are respectively used as the X-direction slide, the Y-direction slide and the Z-direction slide, the gantry is fixedly connected to the base, the Z-direction slide is fixed on the gantry and vertically On the base, the Z-direction sliding table is fixed with a rectangular backing plate by bolts, the electric spindle is fixed on the rectangular backing plate through the spindle jacket, the longitudinal centerline of the Z-direction sliding table, the centerline of the rectangular backing plate In the same plane as the axis of the electric spindle, the X-direction slide table is fixed on the base, the longitudinal centerline of the X-direction slide table is perpendicular to the gantry frame, and the Y-direction slide table is fixed on the X-direction slide table The longitudinal centerlines of the X-direction slide table and the Y-direction slide table are perpendicular to each other, and a fixture is fixedly installed on the Y-direction slide table, which is perpendicular to the axis of the electric spindle; Knives or drills; the control computer controls the machine tool controller through the numerical control system to control the motors in the X-direction slide, Y-direction slide and Z-direction slide, and controls the rotation of the electric spindle through the spindle transmission.

The slide table includes a lead screw seat, a lead screw, a connecting plate, a motor support, a motor, an I-shaped slide rail, a slider and a slide table bottom plate; one end of the slide table bottom plate is fixedly connected to the motor support, and the motor is fixedly connected to the motor On the support, one end of the screw is fixed to the motor shaft of the motor, and the other end is placed in the bearing of the screw seat fixed on the other end of the bottom plate of the slide table; two I-shaped slide rails are fixed on the bottom plate of the slide table , and located on both sides of the screw seat perpendicular to the screw seat, two sliders are provided on each I-shaped slide rail, and the sliders can slide on the I-shaped slide rails. The connection The plate is fixed on the slider, and a screw nut is provided inside the connecting plate to form a screw pair with the lead screw.

The gantry frame includes a side panel and a rectangular boss, the rectangular box formed by the two side panels is separated into a hole shape by an intermediate partition, the two side panels are vertically fixed on the base, and the gantry The frame is fixed to the Z-direction slide table through the rectangular boss shown.

The spindle jacket includes a bottom plate and a side plate; the two side plates are perpendicular to the bottom plate, and the two side plates are respectively provided with through holes with coincident axes, and the two through holes pass through the electric spindle. Ying fit, one end of the two side plates has a fixed boss lower than the upper surface of the cuboid, each fixed boss has a gap and a through hole through it, and the bosses are respectively provided with threaded holes, and bolts pass through the threaded holes Tighten the gap to adjust the aperture of the through hole to fasten the electric spindle; the spindle jacket is fixed to the rectangular backing plate through the bottom plate.

The overall size of the machine tool is less than 300mm×300mm×300mm.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the micro-milling-drilling combined machine tool of the present invention drives the main shaft to rotate through the numerical control system control motor, and drives the sliding of the X-direction sliding table, Y-direction sliding table and Z-direction sliding table, realizing high precision at high speed Processing; in addition, the milling and drilling operations on the workpiece can be performed by changing the milling cutter and drill bit, which integrates the functions of the milling machine and the drilling machine.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of milling and drilling combination machine tool of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a front view of the overall structure of the combined milling and drilling machine tool of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a right view of the overall structure of the combined milling and drilling machine tool of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of slide table of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of gantry frame of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the gantry structure of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the front view of the spindle chuck structure of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a top view of the spindle chuck structure of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a work flow chart of the present invention;

Among them: 1. Base, 2. Gantry frame, 201. Rectangular boss, 202 Side panel, 3. Z-direction sliding table, 4. Rectangular backing plate, 5. Spindle jacket, 501. Bottom plate, 502. Side plate, 503 , gap, 504, fixed boss, 505, through hole, 506, threaded hole, 6, electric spindle, 7, fixture, 8, Y-direction slide table, 9, X-direction slide table, 10, lead screw seat, 11 , leading screw, 12, connection plate, 13, motor support, 14, motor, 15, I-shaped slide rail, 16, slide block, 17, slide table bottom plate.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to accompanying drawing 1, accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3, the miniature milling drilling combination machine tool of the present invention comprises base 1, gantry frame 2, slide table, jig 7, electric main shaft 6, main shaft jacket 5, control computer, machine tool control and the spindle transmission; the three slides are used as the X slide 9, the Y slide 8 and the Z slide 3 respectively, the gantry 2 is fixedly connected to the base 1, and the Z slide The table 3 is fixed on the gantry 2 and is perpendicular to the base 1, the Z-direction sliding table 3 is fixed with a rectangular backing plate 4 by bolts, and the electric spindle 6 is fixed on the rectangular backing plate through the main shaft jacket 5 4, the longitudinal centerline of the Z-direction sliding table 3, the centerline of the rectangular backing plate 4, and the axis of the electric spindle 6 are in the same plane, and the Z-direction sliding table 3 drives the electric spindle 6 to perform Z-direction feed movement. The X-direction slide table 9 is fixed on the base 1, the longitudinal centerline of the X-direction slide table 9 is perpendicular to the gantry frame 2, the Y-direction slide table 8 is fixed on the described X-direction slide table 9, and the X-direction slide table 9 is fixed on the X-direction slide table 9. The longitudinal centerlines of the slide table 9 and the Y slide table 8 are perpendicular to each other, and the fixture 7 is fixedly installed on the Y slide table 8, which is perpendicular to the axis of the electric spindle 6; through the X slide table 9 and the Y Cooperating with the sliding table 8 realizes the compound movement of the workpiece on the jig 7 in the X direction and the Y direction, and the electric spindle 6 is connected with a milling cutter or a drill bit; the control computer controls the X direction by controlling the machine tool controller through the numerical control system The motor 14 in the slide table 9, the Y slide table 8 and the Z slide table 3 runs, and the rotation of the electric spindle 6 is controlled by the spindle speed changer.

Referring to accompanying drawing 4, described slide table comprises lead screw seat 10, lead screw 11, connecting plate 12, motor support 13, motor 14, I-shaped slide rail 15, slide block 16 and slide table bottom plate 17; Slide table bottom plate One end of 17 is affixed to the motor support 13, the motor 14 is affixed to the motor support 13, one end of the lead screw 11 is affixed to the motor 14 shaft, and the other end is placed on the lead screw affixed to the other end of the slide table bottom plate 17 In the bearing of the seat 10; two I-shaped slide rails 15 are fixed on the slide table bottom plate 17, and are located on both sides of the screw seat 10 perpendicular to the screw seat 10, and each I-shaped slide rail 15 is provided with Two slide blocks 16, the slide block 16 can slide on the I-shaped slide rail 15, the connecting plate 12 is fixed on the slide block 16, the inside of the connecting plate 12 is provided with a nut and the The lead screw 11 forms a helical pair.

Referring to accompanying drawing 5 and accompanying drawing 6, described gantry frame 2 comprises side panel 202, middle dividing plate and rectangular boss 201, and described middle dividing plate divides the rectangular box body that two side panels 202 constitute into holes, so The two side panels 202 are fixed vertically on the base 1 , and the gantry 2 is fixed to the Z-direction sliding platform 3 through the rectangular boss 201 shown.

Referring to accompanying drawings 7 and 8, the spindle chuck 5 includes a bottom plate 501 and a side plate 502; the two side plates 502 are perpendicular to the bottom plate 501, and the two side plates 502 are respectively provided with axes coincident with each other. Through holes 505, the two through holes 505 are interference fit with the electric spindle 6, and one end of the two side plates 502 respectively has fixed bosses 504 lower than the upper surface of the cuboid, and each fixed boss 504 has a The notch 503 runs through the through hole 505, and the bosses are respectively provided with threaded holes 506. The notch 503 is tightened by bolts through the threaded holes 506 to adjust the aperture of the through hole 505 to fasten the electric spindle 6; the spindle jacket 5 passes through the bottom plate 501 It is fixed with the rectangular backing plate 4.

The rectangular boss 201 of the gantry 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 501 of the Z-direction slide 3, and the connecting plate 12 of the X-direction slide 9 is connected to the bottom plate 501 of the Y-direction slide 8. Fixedly connected, the fixture 7 is fixedly installed on the connecting plate 12 of the Y-direction sliding table 8 , and the rectangular backing plate 4 is fixedly connected on the connecting plate 12 of the Z-direction sliding table 3 .

The X, Y, and Z three-way sliding tables of the machine tool of the present invention are respectively connected to the machine tool controller with three cables, and the machine tool controller issues commands to realize the reciprocating motion of the X, Y, and Z three-way sliding tables. The electric spindle 6 of the machine tool uses A cable is connected to the spindle transmission, and the spindle transmission is adjusted to realize the uniform rotation of the electric spindle 6. The machine tool controller is connected to the computer case and the display, and the CNC software mach3 is used to give instructions to the machine tool controller, and the machine tool controller issues commands to control the machine tool.

Referring to accompanying drawing 9, the working flow diagram of the micro-milling-drilling combined machine tool of the present invention is as follows: first, start the whole device; then, initialize the overall value, and input the parameters to be processed; secondly, clamp the workpiece with fixture 7, and start processing ; Finally, end the whole process.

The overall size of the micro-milling-drilling combined machine tool of the present invention is less than 300mm×300mm×300mm, the machining accuracy is ±0.25um, the radial runout of the spindle is 2μm, the rotation accuracy of the spindle is 1μm, the repeat positioning accuracy is ±1μm, and the maximum speed can reach 100000rpm , the minimum size of the processed parts is 0.5×0.5mm, and the material used for the gantry 2 is HT200.

The ultra-depth-of-field three-dimensional microscope instrument is used to measure the tiny parts processed by the machine tool, and it can be observed that the processed tiny parts have high machining accuracy.

The above are specific embodiments of the present invention, but are by no means limiting the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. the miniature brill building-block machine that mills, comprise base (1), jig (7), slide unit, electric main shaft (6), control computer, machine tool controller and main shaft speed change device, the motor (14) that described control computer is controlled in the machine tool controller control slide unit by digital control system turns round, and controls turning of described electric main shaft (6) by the main shaft speed change device and stops; It is characterized in that, also comprise portal frame (2) and main shaft chuck (5);

Described three slide units are respectively as X-direction slide unit (9), Y-direction slide unit (8) and Z-direction slide unit (3), described portal frame (2) is fixedly connected on the described base (1), described Z-direction slide unit (3) is fixed on the described portal frame (2) and perpendicular to base (1), be bolted rectangle backing plate (4) on the described Z-direction slide unit (3), described electric main shaft (6) is fixed on the described rectangle backing plate (4) by main shaft chuck (5), described Z-direction slide unit (3) longitudinal centre line, rectangle backing plate (4) center line and electric main shaft (6) axis are in same plane, described X-direction slide unit (9) is fixed on the described base (1), described X-direction slide unit (9) longitudinal centre line is perpendicular to portal frame (2), described Y-direction slide unit (8) is fixed on the described X-direction slide unit (9), the longitudinal centre line of described X-direction slide unit (9) and described Y-direction slide unit (8) is orthogonal, the upper fixed installation of described Y-direction slide unit (8) jig (7) is vertical with described electric main shaft (6) axis; Milling cutter or drill bit are connected on the described electric main shaft (6); Thereby the motor (14) that described control computer is controlled in machine tool controller control X-direction slide unit (9), Y-direction slide unit (8) and the Z-direction slide unit (3) by digital control system turns round, and controls the rotation of electric main shaft (6) by the main shaft speed change device.

2. the miniature brill building-block machine that mills according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described slide unit comprises leading screw seat (10), leading screw (11), connecting plate (12), motor support base (13), motor (14), I shape slide rail (15), slide block (16) and slide unit base plate (17); The affixed motor of one end (14) bearing (13) of slide unit base plate (17), motor (14) is fixed on the motor support base (13), the motor shaft of one end of leading screw (11) and motor (14) is affixed, and the other end is placed in the bearing of leading screw seat (10) of the other end that is fixed in slide unit base plate (17); Two I shape slide rails (15) are fixed on the slide unit base plate (17), and be positioned at leading screw seat (10) both sides perpendicular to leading screw seat (10), be provided with two slide blocks (16) on described each I shape slide rail (15), described slide block (16) can slide at described I shape slide rail (15), described connecting plate (12) is fixed on the described slide block (16), and described connecting plate (12) inside is provided with screw and described leading screw (11) forms screw pair.

3. the miniature brill building-block machine that mills according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described portal frame (2) comprises side panel (202) and rectangle boss (201), the rectangular box that described two side panels (202) consist of is separated into poroid by central dividing plate, described two side panels (202) vertically are fixed on the described base (1), the affixed Z-direction slide unit of rectangle boss (201) (3) shown in described portal frame (2) passes through.

4. the miniature brill building-block machine that mills according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described main shaft chuck (5) comprises base plate (501) and side plate (502); Described two side plates (502) are perpendicular to described base plate (501), described two side plates (502) have the through hole (505) of dead in line, described two through holes (505) and described electric main shaft (6) interference fit, one end of two side plates (502) has respectively the fixing lug boss (504) that is lower than the cuboid upper surface, there are respectively gap (503) and through hole (505) to run through on each fixing lug boss (504), be respectively equipped with screwed hole (506) on the boss, tightening gap (503) with bolt by this screwed hole (506), to regulate the aperture of through hole (505) fastening with electric main shaft (6); Described main shaft chuck (5) is fixing by base plate (501) and described rectangle backing plate (4).

5. the miniature brill building-block machine that mills according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described lathe overall dimensions is less than 300mm * 300mm * 300mm.

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