CN103212988B - Microminiature restructural composite processing machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The micro-small reconfigurable compound processing machine tool belongs to the field of mechanical processing equipment, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art that the functions are idle, automatic tool setting and video monitoring cannot be performed. The present invention includes a platform base, a gantry support, a crossbeam, a slide table in X, Y and Z directions, a milling, drilling and grinding processing module, and a turning tool module; the milling, drilling and grinding processing module and the turning tool module are installed on the The Z-direction slide table; the control computer controls the machine tool controller to issue commands to realize the reciprocating motion of the X-direction slide table, Y-direction slide table and Z-direction slide table. According to the processing needs, the system can be reconfigured into a milling-based five-axis linkage processing machine tool and a car-based processing through the replacement and reorganization of the rotating and oscillating worktable, the milling, drilling and grinding processing module, the turning spindle box, and the tool module. Machine tool: realize the video output of processing status through the machine vision module, and perform automatic tool setting through the laser tool setting device.

Description

Micro Reconfigurable Compound Machining Machine Tool

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing equipment, and in particular relates to a miniature reconfigurable compound processing machine tool whose main function is turning and milling.

Background technique

With the development of aerospace, microelectronics industry, bioengineering, etc., the demand for precision three-dimensional micro-mechanical parts (feature size from micron to millimeter, precision to sub-micron) is increasingly urgent. Sex and other aspects of the requirements are also getting higher and higher. The specialization of structural shape, the compounding and diversification of materials, and the high precision of size and surface quality requirements have become the remarkable features of micro-miniature structural parts. Conventional machine tools have many disadvantages for efficient batch manufacturing of micro-miniature structural parts. Reconfigurable machine tools are customized for customers. When the market processing needs change, the structure can be quickly converted to meet market needs.

On July 27, 2011, a Chinese patent with the publication number CN102133722A and the name "miniature turning and milling compound machine" was disclosed. The miniature turning and milling compound machine includes machine base, workbench lower carriage, workbench carriage, small carriage, electric tool holder, turning spindle box, milling spindle, beam, electrical control cabinet, vertical small carriage, vertical large carriage The electrical control cabinet is installed on the lower part of the machine base, the machine base is equipped with a workbench lower carriage, the workbench lower carriage is installed with a workbench carriage, and the workbench carriage is installed with a small carriage and a small carriage. An electric tool holder is installed on the board, a turning spindle box is installed on the machine base, a beam is installed on the machine base, and a milling spindle is installed on the beam.

The structure of the miniature turn-milling compound machine limits its processing range. Because its structure cannot change its own function as needed, the function is idle and can only realize three-axis movement; it cannot monitor the processing status of the system by video, and cannot realize automatic control Knife.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to propose a micro-miniature reconfigurable compound processing machine tool, which solves the problems of the idle function of the machine tool in the prior art, the inability to carry out automatic tool setting and video monitoring, and realizes the automatic tool setting through the laser tool setting device. Five-axis linkage and video output of processing status.

In order to achieve the above object, the micro-miniature reconfigurable compound processing machine tool of the present invention includes a platform base, a gantry support, a beam, an X-direction slide table, a Y-direction slide table, a Z-direction slide table, a control computer, a machine tool controller, a milling drill processing module, turning tool module; the gantry support is fixedly connected to the platform base, the two Y-direction sliding tables are fixed on the gantry support, and the two ends of the beam are respectively fixed on the two Y-direction On the slide table, the X-direction slide table is fixed on the beam and is perpendicular to the platform base, the movement direction of the X-direction slide table is horizontal to the beam, and the Z-direction slide table is fixed on the X-direction slide table , the longitudinal centerlines of the Z-direction slide table and the X-direction slide table are perpendicular to each other, and the milling, drilling and grinding processing module and the turning tool module are installed on the Z-direction slide table interchangeably according to processing requirements; The control computer controls the machine tool controller to issue commands to realize the reciprocating motion of the X-direction slide table, Y-direction slide table and Z-direction slide table.

The machine tool also includes a linear motor, an adapter plate, a supporting plate, a connecting plate A and a power drag chain; the linear motor is fixed on the outer surface of the gantry support through a threaded hole, and the Y-direction slide is passed through the adapter plate The threaded hole is connected with the linear motor. On one side of the gantry support, the supporting plate is connected with the gantry support through the threaded hole. The lower part of the power towline is installed on the supporting plate through the threaded hole, and the upper part is connected to the The X-direction slide table is connected; the structure of the X-direction slide table is the same as that of the Y-direction slide table.

The milling, drilling and grinding processing module includes an electric spindle, an electric spindle jacket, and a rotary swing table. The longitudinal centerline of the Z-direction sliding table and the axis of the electric spindle are in the same plane. The electric spindle is connected with the spindle transmission. By adjusting The spindle transmission realizes the uniform rotation of the electric spindle; the rotary swing workbench includes a workbench, a workbench base, a motor base, and a motor B; the workbench is connected to the workbench base through a shaft, and the workbench base is installed on On the motor base, the motor B is installed on the motor base, and the motor base is fixed on the platform base through a threaded hole; the electric spindle is connected with a milling cutter, a drill bit or a grinding wheel.

The turning tool module includes a tool rack, a turning tool, and a turning headstock; the tool rack is connected to the middle part of the Z-direction slide table through bolts, and the Z-direction movement of the tool is realized by sliding the Z-direction slide table; The bent frame can be installed with more than two cutting tools, and the turning headstock is installed on the platform base.

The Y-direction slide table includes an I-shaped slide rail B, a slide block B and a dust cover, and the slide block B moves in the Y-direction on the I-shaped slide rail B.

The Z-direction slide table includes a screw seat, a lead screw, a connecting plate B, a motor support, a motor A, an I-shaped slide rail A, a slider A and a bottom plate of the slide table; one end of the bottom plate of the slide table is fixedly connected to the motor support , motor A is fixed on the motor support, one end of the screw is fixed to the motor shaft of motor A, and the other end is placed in the bearing of the screw seat fixed on the other end of the bottom plate of the slide table; two I-shaped The slide rail A is fixed on the bottom plate of the slide table, and is located on both sides of the screw seat and is perpendicular to the screw seat. Two sliders A are arranged on each I-shaped slide rail, and the sliders can be placed on the The connecting plate B is fixed on the sliding block A, and the connecting plate B is provided with a screw nut inside to form a screw pair with the lead screw.

Described lathe also comprises machine vision module, and described machine vision module comprises camera head and optical element; Described optical element comprises fine-tuning platform and support, and described camera is installed on described fine-tuning platform by bolt, and rotation fine-tuning knob makes described fine-tuning The platform moves in the Z direction, and the bottom plate of the platform is fixed with a rectangular slider. The bottom of the rectangular slider has a rectangular groove, which cooperates with the rectangular protrusion on the bracket. By rotating the nut, the rectangular slider can move in the Y direction. movement; the bracket is fixed on the electric spindle jacket through a threaded hole.

Described lathe also comprises machine vision module, and described machine vision module comprises camera head and optical element; Described optical element comprises fine-tuning platform and support, and described camera is installed on described fine-tuning platform by bolt, and rotation fine-tuning knob makes described fine-tuning The platform moves in the Z direction, and the bottom plate of the platform is fixed with a rectangular slider. The bottom of the rectangular slider has a rectangular groove, which cooperates with the rectangular protrusion on the bracket. By rotating the nut, the rectangular slider can move in the Y direction. movement; the bracket is fixed on the turning headstock through a threaded hole.

The machine tool also includes a tool setting device, the tool setting device includes a laser tool setting instrument and a tool setting instrument support, the laser tool setting instrument is installed on the tool setting instrument support, and the tool setting instrument support fixed on the platform base.

The overall size of the machine tool is less than 800mm×800mm×600mm.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: compared with the prior art, the micro-miniature reconfigurable compound processing machine tool of the present invention, according to the processing needs, through the replacement of the rotating and oscillating table, the milling, drilling and grinding processing module, the turning headstock, and the tool module, Reorganization, the system can be reconfigured into a milling-based five-axis linkage processing machine tool and a turning-based processing machine tool. During milling, the milling table is driven by the milling table drive unit to realize the rotation around the vertical axis and the horizontal axis, realizing five-axis linkage. grinding. During turning processing, the milling, drilling and grinding tool module is replaced by a turning tool module, and the rotating and swinging table is replaced by a turning spindle box system to realize turning processing. The machine vision module performs video output on the processing status of the system, and the laser tool setting device performs automatic tool setting.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the milling process of the micro-small reconfigurable composite processing machine tool of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a front view of the overall milling structure of the miniature reconfigurable composite processing machine tool of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a left view of the overall milling structure of the miniature reconfigurable compound processing machine tool of the present invention

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the turning process of the miniature reconfigurable composite processing machine tool of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the Z-direction slide table of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the rotary swing workbench of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the machine vision module of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the Y-direction slide table of the present invention;

Among them: 1. Hanging ring, 2. Platform base, 3. Gantry support, 4. Y-direction sliding table, 401. I-shaped slide rail B, 402, slider B, 403. Dust cover, 5. Linear motor, 6 , adapter plate, 7, beam, 8, X-direction slide table, 9, Z-direction slide table, 901, lead screw seat, 902, lead screw, 903, connecting plate B, 904, motor support, 905, motor A , 906, I-shaped slide rail A, 907, slide block A, 908, slide table bottom plate, 10, electric spindle, 11, electric spindle jacket, 12, connecting plate A, 13, power drag chain, 14, pallet , 15, machine vision module, 1501, bracket, 1502, rectangular protrusion, 1503, rotating nut, 1504, fine-tuning platform, 1505, camera, 1506, platform bottom plate, 1507, rectangular slider, 16, laser tool setting instrument, 17 , tool setting instrument support, 18, rotary swing workbench, 1801, workbench, 1802, workbench base, 1803, motor seat, 1804, motor B, 19, turning spindle box, 20, knife rack.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment one:

Referring to accompanying drawing 1, accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 4, the miniature reconfigurable compound processing machine tool of the present invention comprises lifting ring 1, platform base 2, gantry support 3, beam 7, X-direction sliding table 8, Y slide table 4, Z slide table 9, control computer, machine tool controller, milling, drilling and grinding processing module; the gantry support 3 is fixedly connected to the platform base 2, and the two Y slide tables 4 are fixed on On the gantry support 3, both ends of the beam 7 are respectively fixed on the two Y-direction slides 4, and the X-direction slide 8 is fixed on the beam 7 and is perpendicular to the platform base 2, The moving direction of the X-direction slide table 8 is horizontal to the beam 7, the Z-direction slide table 9 is fixed on the X-direction slide table 8, the longitudinal centerline of the Z-direction slide table 9 and the X-direction slide table 8 perpendicular to each other, the milling, drilling and grinding processing modules are installed on the Z-direction slide table 9; the control computer controls the machine tool controller to issue commands to realize the X-direction slide table 8, the Y-direction slide table 4 and the Z-direction slide table 9 The reciprocating motion of the machine tool, the lifting ring 1 on the machine tool is used as the lifting ring 1 when carrying the machine tool.

The machine tool also includes a linear motor 5, an adapter plate 6, a supporting plate 14, a connecting plate A12 and a power drag chain 13; the linear motor 5 is fixed on the outer surface of the gantry support 3 through a threaded hole, and the Y direction The slide table 4 is connected with the linear motor 5 through the threaded hole of the adapter plate 6, on one side of the gantry support 3, the supporting plate is connected with the gantry support 3 through the threaded hole, and the lower part of the power drag chain 13 is passed through the threaded hole Installed on the support plate 14, the upper part is connected with the X-direction slide table 8 through the connecting plate A12; the X-direction slide table 8 has the same structure as the Y-direction slide table 4.

Referring to accompanying drawing 6, the milling, drilling and grinding processing module includes an electric spindle 10, an electric spindle jacket 11 and a rotary swing table 18, the longitudinal centerline of the Z-direction sliding table 9 and the axis of the electric spindle 10 are in the same plane, and the The electric spindle 10 is connected with the spindle transmission, and the uniform rotation of the electric spindle 10 is realized by adjusting the spindle transmission; the rotating and swinging workbench 18 includes a workbench 1801, a workbench base 1802, a motor seat 1803, and a motor B1804; the workbench 1801 passes The shaft is connected to the workbench base 1802, the workbench base 1802 is mounted on the motor base 1803, the motor B1804 is mounted on the motor base 1803, and the motor base 1803 is fixed on the platform base through threaded holes 2; the electric spindle 10 is connected with a milling cutter, a drill bit or a grinding wheel.

During milling, the five-axis linkage of X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, and the rotation of the milling table around the vertical axis and the horizontal axis is realized.

Referring to FIG. 8 , the Y-direction slide table 4 includes an I-shaped slide rail B401 , a slide block B402 and a dust cover 403 , and the slide block B402 moves in the Y-direction on the I-shaped slide rail B401 .

Referring to accompanying drawing 5, the Z-direction slide table 9 includes a lead screw seat 901, a lead screw 902, a connecting plate B903, a motor support 904, a motor A905, an I-shaped slide rail A906, a slide block A907 and a slide base plate 908; One end of the slide table bottom plate 908 is fixedly connected to the motor support 904, and the motor A905 is fixedly connected to the motor support 904. One end of the lead screw 902 is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the motor A905, and the other end is placed on the motor shaft fixedly connected to the slide table bottom plate 908. In the bearing of the lead screw seat 901 at the other end; two I-shaped slide rails A906 are fixed on the slide platform bottom plate 908, and are located on both sides of the lead screw seat 901 perpendicular to the lead screw seat 901, and each I-shaped slide There are two sliders A907 on the rail A906, the sliders A907 can slide on the I-shaped slide rail A906, the connecting plate B903 is fixed on the slider A907, and the connecting plate B903 is internally set The thread nut and the lead screw 902 form a helical pair.

Referring to accompanying drawing 7, described lathe also comprises machine vision module 15, and described machine vision module 15 comprises camera 1505 and optical element; Described optical element comprises fine-tuning platform 1504 and support 1501, and described camera 1505 is installed on the described by bolt. On the fine-tuning platform 1504, the fine-tuning knob is rotated to move the fine-tuning platform 1504 in the Z direction, and a rectangular slider 1507 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 1506 of the platform. Rectangular protrusion 1502 cooperates, and the rectangular slider 1507 can move in the Y direction by rotating the nut 1503; the bracket 1501 is fixed on the spindle jacket through a threaded hole.

The machine tool also includes a tool setting device, the tool setting device includes a laser tool setting instrument 16 and a tool setting instrument support 17, the laser tool setting instrument 16 is installed on the tool setting instrument support 17, and the tool setting instrument support 17 The knife instrument support 17 is fixed on the platform base 2 .

The X-direction slide table 8, the Y-direction slide table 4 and the Z-direction slide table 9 of the machine tool of the present invention are respectively connected to the machine tool controller with cables, and the machine tool controller issues commands to realize the X-direction slide table 8, the Y-direction slide table 4 and the The reciprocating motion of the slide table 9 in the Z direction, the electric spindle 10 of the machine tool is connected to the spindle transmission with a cable, and the spindle transmission is adjusted to realize the uniform rotation of the electric spindle 10. Instructions are issued by the machine tool controller to control the machine tool.

The size of the micro-small reconfigurable composite processing machine tool of the present invention is less than 800mm×800mm×600mm as a whole, the working accuracy is ±2.5μm, the rotation accuracy of the main shaft is 1μm, the repeat positioning accuracy is ±1μm, and the maximum speed can reach 80000rpm; the machining shaft parts The diameter is Ф0.1mm～Ф5mm, and the length is L≤50mm; the diameter of processed deep hole parts is Ф0.2mm, L/D＞15; the width of processed fine groove parts is ≥100μm, 3≤aspect ratio≤10.

Embodiment two:

Referring to accompanying drawing 4, compared with Embodiment 1, the difference of this embodiment is that the milling, drilling and grinding processing module is replaced by the turning tool module, and the turning tool module includes a tool rack 20, a turning tool and a turning headstock 19 ; The knife rack 20 is connected to the middle part of the Z-direction slide table 9 through bolts, and the Z-direction movement of the tool is realized by sliding the Z-direction slide table 9; the knife rack 20 can be equipped with more than two tools, and the turning The headstock 19 is installed on the platform base 2 .

The machine tool also includes a machine vision module 15, and the bracket 1501 of the machine vision module 15 is fixed on the turning headstock 19 through a threaded hole.

The above are specific embodiments of the present invention, but are by no means limiting the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. microminiature restructural composite processing machine tool, comprise platform base (2), crossbeam (7), machine tool controller, it is characterized in that, also comprise gantry and support (3), X to slide unit (8), Y-direction slide unit (4), Z-direction slide unit (9), computer for controlling, milling brill mill processing module, turning cutting tool module and machine vision module (15), described gantry supports (3) and is fixedly connected on described platform base (2), two described Y-direction slide units (4) are fixed on described gantry and support on (3), described crossbeam (7) two ends are separately fixed on two described Y-direction slide units (4), it is upper and perpendicular to described platform base (2) that described X is fixed on described crossbeam (7) to slide unit (8), described X is to the direction of motion of slide unit (8) and crossbeam (7) level, described Z-direction slide unit (9) is fixed on X on slide unit (8), described Z-direction slide unit (9) and described X orthogonal to the longitudinal centre line of slide unit (8), described milling is bored mill processing module and is arranged on described Z-direction slide unit (9), described computer for controlling controller bed controller is given an order, and realizes the reciprocating motion of X to slide unit (8), Y-direction slide unit (4) and Z-direction slide unit (9),

Described machine vision module (15) comprises camera (1505) and optical element, described optical element comprises fine adjustment stage (1504) and support (1501), described camera (1505) is arranged in described fine adjustment stage (1504) by bolt, rotary fine adjustment knob makes described fine adjustment stage (1504) move in Z-direction, platform floor (1506) place is connected with rectangle slide block (1507), described rectangle slide block (1507) bottom has rectangular recess, coordinate with the rectangle projection (1502) on described support (1501), by rotating nut (1503), rectangle slide block (1507) can be moved in Y-direction,

The electro spindle chuck (11) that the support (1501) of described machine vision module (15) is fixed on milling brill mill processing module by screwed hole is gone up or is fixed on the turning main spindle box (19) of turning cutting tool module by screwed hole.

2. microminiature restructural composite processing machine tool according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described lathe also comprises linear electric motors (5), keyset (6), supporting plate (14), connecting plate A (12) and power supply drag chain (13); Described linear electric motors (5) are fixed on by screwed hole the lateral surface that described gantry supports (3), described Y-direction slide unit (4) is connected with described linear electric motors (5) by the screwed hole of keyset (6), the side of (3) is supported at described gantry, supporting plate supports (3) by screwed hole with described gantry and is connected, power supply drag chain (13) bottom is arranged on supporting plate (14) by screwed hole, and top is connected to slide unit (8) with described X by connecting plate A (12); Described X is identical with described Y-direction slide unit (4) structure to slide unit (8).

3. microminiature restructural composite processing machine tool according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described milling is bored mill processing module and is comprised electro spindle (10), electro spindle chuck (11) and rotary oscillation workbench (18), described Z-direction slide unit (9) longitudinal centre line and electro spindle (10) axis are in same plane, described electro spindle (10) is connected with main shaft speed change device, by the uniform rotation regulating main shaft speed change device to realize electro spindle (10); Described rotary oscillation workbench (18) comprises workbench (1801), table base (1802), motor cabinet (1803), motor B (1804); Described workbench (1801) is connected with described table base (1802) by axle, described table base (1802) is arranged on motor cabinet (1803), described motor B (1804) is arranged on described motor cabinet (1803), and described motor cabinet (1803) is fixed on described platform base (2) by screwed hole; Described electro spindle (10) is connected milling cutter, drill bit or emery wheel.

4. microminiature restructural composite processing machine tool according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described turning cutting tool module comprises blade row frame (20), lathe tool and turning main spindle box (19); Described blade row frame (20) is connected with Z-direction slide unit (9) mid portion by bolt, and the Z-direction being realized cutter by the slip of Z-direction slide unit (9) is moved; Described blade row frame (20) can install two to fix a cutting tool, and described turning main spindle box (19) is arranged on described platform base (2).

5. microminiature restructural composite processing machine tool according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Y-direction slide unit (4) comprises I shape slide rail B (401), slide block B (402) and dust cover (403), and described slide block B (402) realizes Y-direction motion on described I shape slide rail B (401).

6. microminiature restructural composite processing machine tool according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Z-direction slide unit (9) comprises leading screw seat (901), leading screw (902), connecting plate B (903), motor support base (904), motor A (905), I shape slide rail A (906), slide block A (907) and slide unit base plate (908); The affixed motor support base in one end (904) of slide unit base plate (908), motor A (905) is fixed on motor support base (904), one end of leading screw (902) and the motor shaft of motor A (905) affixed, the other end is placed in the bearing of leading screw seat (901) of the other end being fixed in slide unit base plate (908); Two I shape slide rail A (906) are fixed on slide unit base plate (908), and be positioned at leading screw seat (901) both sides perpendicular to leading screw seat (901), described each I shape slide rail A (906) is provided with two slide block A (907), described slide block A (907) can in the upper slip of described I shape slide rail A (906), described connecting plate B (903) is fixed on described slide block A (907), and described connecting plate B (903) inside is provided with screw and described leading screw (902) forms screw pair.

7. microminiature restructural composite processing machine tool according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described lathe also comprises tool setting device, described tool setting device comprises laser tool setting gauge (16) and tool setting gauge bearing (17), described laser tool setting gauge (16) is arranged on described tool setting gauge bearing (17), and described tool setting gauge bearing (17) is fixed on described platform base (2).

8. microminiature restructural composite processing machine tool according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described lathe overall dimensions is less than 800mm × 800mm × 600mm.