CN103071908A - Explosive welding method of arranging multiple reinforcing ribs between large-area double-layer steel plates - Google Patents
Explosive welding method of arranging multiple reinforcing ribs between large-area double-layer steel plates Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an explosive welding method of arranging multiple reinforcing ribs between large-area double-layer steel plates. The explosive welding method comprises the following steps of first-stage explosive welding: respectively fixing a die plate I, a die plate II and the reinforcing ribs on a base plate in a spot welding way, putting gap posts on the die plate I, putting an upper panel on the gap posts, arranging explosive on the upper surface of the upper panel, and carrying out the explosive welding; and second-stage explosive welding: overturning welded object obtained in the first stage, taking away the die plate I and the die plate II, filling a die plate III, covering the die plate I on the die plate III, putting the gap posts on the die plate I, putting a lower panel on the gap posts, arranging explosive on the upper surface of the lower panel, and carrying out the explosive welding. According to the explosive welding method disclosed by the invention, compared with the explosive loading amount adopted in an engineering practice in the past, the explosive loading amount is saved by about 18%; a boundary effect subduction method, which refers to a method of additionally arranging lengthened plates at two ends of a cover plate along a detonation spread direction, is adopted; and the explosive using amount is reduced, the welding rate is up to 100%, the strength of a combination interface exceeds that of base material, and the explosive method has the advantage of manufacturing large-area reinforcing rib double-layer steel structural components in good quality and low price.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to explosion welding method, be specifically related to arrange between a kind of large tracts of land double-layer plate the explosion welding method of many ribs.
Background technology
As shown in Figure 1, large tracts of land rib reinforcement steel construction piece is comprised of top panel 1, lower panel 2 and Duo Gen ribs 3.Wherein, ribs not only plays booster action, and needs to form between plate, rib the cavity of airtight performance excellence.Adopt conventional electric soldering method to process this type of steel construction piece, there are the following problems:
Although can form quality weld between plate 1 and the ribs 3 in the above, be difficult to realize the seam of face and face between the two.
Limited because of the operating space, often can only adopt plug welding technique between lower panel 2 and the ribs 3, its bond strength still is lower than the bond strength of top panel 1 and ribs 3.3. can not between two roots and upper and lower panel, form the cavity of airtight performance excellence.Therefore, the explosive welding of this type of steel member is acknowledged as one of the most complicated, hard problem in explosive welding circle, and so far, the successful case about the explosive welding of this type of steel member is not reported both at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high-quality, cheaply the explosion welding method of ribs be set between the large tracts of land double-layer plate, guarantee welding rate 100%, its bond strength meets the law of force of bimetallic solid phase metallurgical binding.
Technical scheme: in order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The explosion welding method of many ribs is set between a kind of large tracts of land double-layer plate, may further comprise the steps:
(1) phase I explosive welding: with template one, template two and ribs respectively spot welding be fixed on the backing plate, and place the gap post in template one, top panel is placed on the post of gap, blasting charge on the upper surface of plate carries out explosive welding in the above; Under the explosive welding impulsive force, top panel and the ribs seam thing that is welded as a whole, the solder joint between ribs, template one and template two and the backing plate are all impacted to break away from;
(2) second stage explosive welding: phase I gained seam thing is overturn, take out template one and template two, filling template three in the seam thing, cover template one in template three, and at template one placement gap post, again lower panel is placed on the post of gap blasting charge on the upper surface of plate below, explosive welding; Under the explosive welding impulsive force, lower panel and ribs are welded into an integral body;
(3) heating, template three comes off naturally, extracts template one out, gets final product;
Wherein, template one is 9 ~ 10:1 with the height ratio of template two; Little 0.1～the 0.2mm of stack aspect ratio ribs height of template one and template two; Template one is all identical with ribs with the length of template two, width be between adjacent two ribs width 92 ~ 93%; Template three selects the yielding material of heating to make, and size is identical with template two; Upper surface in template one applies the waterglass layer;
Explosive payload adopts following formula to determine:
In the formula,
Be minimum impact velocity,
Be the surperficial Vickers hardness of cladding plate material,
Be the density of panel material,
Be the ratio of the explosive charge on the unit are with the panel quality of unit are,
Be explosion velocity of explosive,
Be charge depth,
Be the density of explosive,
Be cladding plate thickness, the value of K is 0.9～1.4, K
1Value be 3.9～4.5.
The explosion welding method of many ribs is set between large tracts of land double-layer plate of the present invention, is two stage explosion welding methods, and phase I explosive welding, second stage explosive welding all need not to do school shape and process.
Compare with the explosive welding of plate with common plate, in the explosive welding of rib and plate, rib is substrate, its cross-sectional area is more much smaller than cladding plate (being top panel, lower panel), if suitable mould is not set in the cavity between ribs, then the huge impulsive force of explosive welding causes serious damage cladding plate to weld unsuccessfully.Therefore, in rib and plate explosive welding, the appropriate design of mould is emphasis with appropriate the laying, also is difficult point.In the design of mould, considered following factors:
The strength matching problem of mould and ribs.Mould should be selected the material close with ribs intensity, otherwise, under enormous impact power both be out of shape inconsistent, cavity after will causing welding depression even damage panel.
The matching problem of mould and structural member acoustic impedance.If both acoustic impedance difference is too large, with the reflection at die surface of the shock wave that sets off an explosion, stress wave, thereby cause the weld interface cracking.
The size matching problem.According to mould and the conforming principle of ribs welding deformation, the size of template and the size of rib and cavity thereof are complementary.
Economy.Mould is disposable frock, should select material inexpensive, that be easy to get as far as possible.According to above-mentioned consideration, the phase I Design of Dies be about two templates, template one and template two, its material selection is cheap, intensity and construction material intensity difference are no more than 20% common carbon steel board; The height ratio of template one, template two is 9 ~ 10:1, the little approximately 0.1～0.2mm of two templates stack aspect ratio ribs height, and the length of two templates is identical with ribs, and its width is 92 ~ 93% of housing width.The second stage Design of Dies is two templates, template one and template three, and the material selection asphalt felt of template three, the little approximately 0.1～0.2mm of ribs after it is out of shape with template one stack aspect ratio blast impulse, its length is identical with template one with width.
Because under the effect of blast impulse power, mould and ribs produce the distortion of extending together, for mould after the prevent exploding welding is reinforced rib and upper and lower panel clamping, should leave certain gap between mould and the both sides of the chest, and mold height should be slightly less than the height of rib.In addition, for the convenience of the demoulding, adhesion or the seam of still needing and preventing template and upper and lower panel.In addition, consider that the demoulding difficulty of second stage is larger than the phase I, two stages should be adopted different ejection techniques.For the above-mentioned reasons, during the phase I explosive welding, apply the thick waterglass of 0.15 ~ 0.2mm at the upper surface of template one, to prevent top panel and template one adhesion; Second stage is replaced template two with template three, and is applied the approximately thick waterglass of 0.2mm at the upper surface of template one.After the explosive welding, adopt the method for heating, template three is come off naturally, template one can be taken out easily.
The explosive payload computing formula generally was based on the empirical equation that ammonium nitrate explosive is obtained by test in the past.According to the requirement that China's explosive " goes Tization ", the existing employed explosive of explosive welding is generally emulsion or the fried medicine of amine that does not contain TNT.For this reason, for emulsion, obtained following explosive payload computing formula by test:
（3）
In the formula
Be the base of realizing the high-quality welding, the minimum impact velocity of cladding plate (top panel, lower panel), K, K
1Be constant,
Be the surperficial Vickers hardness of cladding plate material,
Be the density of cladding plate material,
Be the cladding plate mass ratio of the explosive charge on the unit are and unit are,
Be explosion velocity of explosive,
Be charge depth,
Be the density of explosive,
Be cladding plate thickness.
Above-mentioned formula is identical with in the past explosive payload computing formula in form, but constant K, K
1Span larger variation has occured: the value of K is 0.6～1.2 in the past, and treats that with metal the roughness of faying face is relevant, when metal treats that the faying face preliminary treatment is fine, can remove the limit 0.6.But in the explosive welding formula based on emulsion, the value of K should be between 0.9～1.4, and relevant with the bending strength of metal material, and the bending strength of material is larger, and the value of K is larger.K in the past
1Value be 4.1, and in the present invention, K
1Value then be 3.9～4.5.By this computing formula, so that explosive payload saves 18% more in the past than the experience explosive payload that only adopts according to engineering practice.Can be so that the whole angularity of phase I gained seam thing be no more than 5 ﹪ by reducing dose, so that the seam thing does not need orthopedicly can carry out the second stage explosive welding with lower panel.
Setting up extension plate (the same cladding plate of material) along the cladding plate two ends of the detonation direction of propagation, and at the intersection of extension plate and cladding plate, scribing the degree of depth is the V-type groove of 1/3 ~ 2/3 thickness of slab, when cladding plate is precious materials, should adopt comparatively cheap metal material as extension plate, extension plate is connected connection and is generally adopted dot welding method with cladding plate.The width of extension plate is identical with cladding plate, and the length of terminal extension plate is 25～30mm, considers that initiation ends need eliminate boundary effect and unsteady detonation effect simultaneously, and the length of initiation ends extension plate is 50～60mm.If ribs is in the edge of panel width, then to still need along on the width of panel extension plate being set, the length of this extension plate equates with panel, width is 25～30mm.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, the explosion welding method of many ribs is set between large tracts of land double-layer plate of the present invention, the seam rate reaches 100%, saves explosive consumption more than 18%; Its faying face intensity meets the law of force of bimetallic solid phase metallurgical binding, is preferably method of a kind of economy and practicality.Be specially adapted to area and surpass 0.15m
2Double-layer plate between the explosive welding of many ribs is set.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that rib is strengthened doubling plate steel construction piece schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is phase I process unit schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is second stage process unit schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
The explosion welding method of many ribs is set between a kind of large tracts of land double-layer plate, is two stage explosion welding methods.Specific as follows:
The phase I explosive welding: the process unit schematic diagram as shown in Figure 2, with template 1, template 25 and ribs 3 respectively spot welding be fixed on the backing plate 6, backing plate 6 is placed on the closely knit sandy soil heaps (hereinafter to be referred as ground), and at template one 4 placement gap posts 7, top panel 1 is placed on the gap post 7, explosive welding is carried out in powder charge (emulsion) on the upper surface of plate 1 in the above; Under the explosive welding impulsive force, top panel 1 and the ribs 3 seam thing that is welded as a whole, the solder joint between ribs 3, template 1 and template 25 and the backing plate 6 is all impacted disengaging; The whole angularity that can control phase I gained seam thing by reducing dose is no more than 5 ﹪, so that the seam thing does not need orthopedicly can carry out the second stage explosive welding with lower panel 2.
The second stage explosive welding: the process unit schematic diagram as shown in Figure 3, to be placed on the ground after the upset of phase I gained seam thing, take out template 1 and template 25 in the cavity, filling template three 8(asphalt felts in cavity), on cover template 1, and place gap posts 7 in template 1, again lower panel 2 is placed on the gap post 7, below powder charge (emulsion) on the upper surface of plate 2, explosive welding; Under the explosive welding impulsive force, lower panel and ribs are welded into an integral body.
Heating, template 38 comes off naturally, extracts template 1 out, namely finishes welding.
Wherein, template 1 and template 25, its material selection is cheap, intensity and construction material intensity difference are no more than 20% common carbon steel board; The height ratio of template 1, template 25 is 9 ~ 10:1, two templates stack aspect ratio ribs, 3 highly little 0.1～0.2mm, and length is all identical with ribs 3, and its width is 92 ~ 93% of housing width.The material selection asphalt felt of template 38, the little 0.1～0.2mm of ribs after it is out of shape with template one 4 stack aspect ratio blast impulses, its length is identical with template 1 with width.Upper surface in template 1 applies waterglass (0.15 ~ 0.2mm is thick), after explosive welding, adopts the method for heating, and asphalt felt template 8 is come off naturally, and template 1 can be taken out easily.
Set up extension plate at cladding plate (top panel, the lower panel) two ends along the detonation direction of propagation, and at the intersection of extension plate and cladding plate, scribe the V-type groove that the degree of depth is about 1/3 ~ 2/3 thickness of slab.The width of extension plate is identical with cladding plate, and the length of terminal extension plate is 25～30mm, considers that initiation ends need eliminate boundary effect and unsteady detonation effect simultaneously, and the length of initiation ends extension plate is 50～60mm.
Determining of explosive payload: according to the requirement that China's explosive " goes Tization ", the employed explosive of explosive welding is generally emulsion or the fried medicine of amine that does not contain TNT now.For this reason, for emulsion, calculate the acquisition explosive payload by following explosive payload computing formula:
The material of ribs and upper and lower panel is No. 45 steel, and the wide of 3 ribs is 12mm, and height is 20mm, and long is 600mm; The wide of upper and lower panel is 350mm, and long is 600mm, and wall thickness is 6mm.The Vickers hardness of No. 45 steel is
=185, density
Be 7.8
10
3Kg/m
3
K is taken as 1.1, K
1Be taken as 4.3, according to formula (1), (2), (3), then
=6*7.8*0.95=44.5mm。
According to the explosive payload that this method is determined, the rib that has obtained the high-quality seam is strengthened double-decker spare.
Through check, the seam rate of No. 45 steel ribs and upper and lower panel is 100%, and its bond strength meets the law of force of bimetallic solid phase metallurgical binding.
The explosion welding method of many ribs is set between a kind of large tracts of land double-layer plate, is two stage explosion welding methods.Specific as follows:
The phase I explosive welding: the process unit schematic diagram as shown in Figure 2, with template 1, template 25 and ribs 3 respectively spot welding be fixed on the backing plate 6, backing plate 6 is placed on the closely knit sandy soil heaps (hereinafter to be referred as ground), and at template one 4 placement gap posts 7, top panel 1 is placed on the gap post 7, explosive welding is carried out in powder charge (emulsion) on the upper surface of plate 1 in the above.The whole angularity of control phase I gained seam thing is no more than 5 ﹪, so that the seam thing does not need orthopedicly can carry out the second stage explosive welding with lower panel 2.
The second stage explosive welding: the process unit schematic diagram as shown in Figure 3, to be placed on the ground after the upset of phase I gained seam thing, take out template 1 and template 25 in the cavity, filling template three 8(asphalt felts in cavity), on cover template 1, and place gap posts 7 in template 1, again lower panel 2 is placed on the gap post 7, below powder charge (emulsion) on the upper surface of plate 2, explosive welding.
Wherein, template 1 and template 25, its material selection is cheap, intensity and construction material intensity difference are no more than 20% common carbon steel board; The height ratio of template 1, template 25 is 9:1, two templates stack aspect ratio ribs, 3 highly little 0.1～0.2mm, and length is all identical with ribs 3, and its width is 92% of housing width.The material selection asphalt felt of template 38, the little 0.1～0.2mm of ribs after it is out of shape with template one 4 stack aspect ratio blast impulses, its length is identical with template 1 with width.Upper surface in template 1 applies waterglass (approximately 0.2mm is thick), after explosive welding, adopts the method for heating, and asphalt felt template 8 is come off naturally, and template 1 can be taken out easily.
Set up extension plate at cladding plate (top panel, the lower panel) two ends along the detonation direction of propagation, and at the intersection of extension plate and cladding plate, scribing the degree of depth is the V-type groove of 1/3 thickness of slab.The width of extension plate is identical with cladding plate, and the length of terminal extension plate is 25～30mm, considers that initiation ends need eliminate boundary effect and unsteady detonation effect simultaneously, and the length of initiation ends extension plate is 50～60mm.
Ribs is in the edge of panel width, at the width along panel extension plate is set.The length of this extension plate equates with panel, and width is 25～30mm.
Determining of explosive payload: according to the requirement that China's explosive " goes Tization ", the employed explosive of explosive welding is generally emulsion or the fried medicine of amine that does not contain TNT.For this reason, for emulsion, calculate the acquisition explosive payload by following explosive payload computing formula:
The material of ribs and upper and lower panel is the Q345R steel, and the wide of 4 ribs is 12mm, and height is 20mm, and long is 600mm; The wide of upper and lower panel is 350mm, and long is 600mm, and wall thickness is 6mm.The Vickers hardness of Q345R steel is
=154, density
Be 7.8
10
3Kg/m
3
K is taken as 1.1, K
1Be taken as 4.3, according to formula (1), (2), (3), then
=0.83
According to the explosive payload that this method is determined, the rib that has made the high-quality seam is strengthened double-decker spare.
Through check, the seam rate of Q345R steel ribs and upper and lower panel is 100%, and its bond strength meets the law of force of bimetallic solid phase metallurgical binding.
Claims (10)
1. the explosion welding method of many ribs is set between a large tracts of land double-layer plate, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) phase I explosive welding: with template one (4), template two (5) and ribs (3) respectively spot welding be fixed on the backing plate (6), and at template one (4) placement gap post (7), top panel (1) is placed on the gap post (7), blasting charge on the upper surface of plate (1) carries out explosive welding in the above; Under the explosive welding impulsive force, top panel (1) and ribs (3) the seam thing that is welded as a whole, the solder joint between ribs (3), template one (4) and template two (5) and the backing plate (6) is all by the impact disengaging;
(2) second stage explosive welding: phase I gained seam thing is overturn, take out template one (4) and template two (5), filling template three (8) in the seam thing, cover template one (4) in template three (8), and at template one (4) placement gap post (7), again lower panel (2) is placed on the gap post (7) blasting charge on the upper surface of plate (2) below, explosive welding; Under the explosive welding impulsive force, lower panel (2) is welded into an integral body with ribs (3);
(3) heating, template three (8) comes off naturally, extracts template one (4) out, gets final product;
Wherein, template one (4) is 9 ~ 10:1 with the height ratio of template two (5); The highly little 0.1～0.2mm of stack aspect ratio ribs (3) of template one (4) and template two (5); Template one (4) is all identical with ribs (3) with the length of template two (5), width be between adjacent two ribs (3) width 92 ~ 93%; Template three (8) selects the yielding material of heating to make, and size is identical with template two (5); Upper surface in template one (4) applies the waterglass layer;
Explosive payload adopts following formula to determine:
In the formula,
Be minimum impact velocity,
Be the surperficial Vickers hardness of cladding plate material,
Be the density of panel material,
Be the ratio of the explosive charge on the unit are with the panel quality of unit are,
Be explosion velocity of explosive,
Be charge depth,
Be the density of explosive,
Be cladding plate thickness, the value of K is 0.9～1.4, K
1Value be 3.9～4.5.
2. the explosion welding method of many ribs is set between large tracts of land double-layer plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: set up extension plate at the panel two ends along the detonation direction of propagation, and at the intersection of extension plate and panel, scribing the degree of depth is the V-type groove of 1/3 ~ 2/3 thickness of slab.
3. the explosion welding method of many ribs is set between large tracts of land double-layer plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: set up extension plate at the panel two ends along the detonation direction of propagation, described extension plate adopts dot welding method to be connected with panel.
4. according to claim 3 or the explosion welding method of many ribs is set between 4 described large tracts of land double-layer plates, it is characterized in that: the width of described extension plate is identical with panel, the length of initiation ends extension plate is 50～60mm, and the length of terminal extension plate is 25～30mm.
5. the explosion welding method of many ribs is set between large tracts of land double-layer plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when ribs is in the edge of panel width direction, at the width along panel extension plate is set; The length of described extension plate equates with panel, and width is 25～30mm.
6. the explosion welding method of many ribs is set between large tracts of land double-layer plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: template three (8) is the easy softener material of heating.
7. the explosion welding method of many ribs is set between large tracts of land double-layer plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described template one (4) and template two (5) are all selected intensity and panel material intensity difference to be no more than 20% material and are made.
8. the explosion welding method of many ribs is set between large tracts of land double-layer plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described explosive is emulsion.
9. the explosion welding method of many ribs is set between large tracts of land double-layer plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described waterglass layer thickness is 0.15 ~ 0.2mm.
10. the explosion welding method of many ribs is set between large tracts of land double-layer plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described phase I explosive welding, second stage explosive welding all need not to do school shape and process.
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| CN103878474A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-06-25 | 安徽弘雷金属复合材料科技有限公司 | Explosive welding method for solving problem that explosion points of rare and precious metallic composite plates are not in fit |
| CN103938888A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-07-23 | 中钢集团武汉安全环保研究院有限公司 | Blasting demolition method for cylindrical steel column structure buildings |
| CN103938888B (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2016-01-27 | 中钢集团武汉安全环保研究院有限公司 | The blasting demolishing method of a kind of tubular steel column structure construction of structures |
| CN106944736A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-07-14 | 史少杰 | The double vertical explosive welding 3-layer composite materials of the high corrosion resistant titanium/aluminium/titanium of light-high-strength |
| CN106944736B (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2019-02-12 | 史少杰 | The double vertical explosive welding 3-layer composite materials of the high corrosion resistant titanium/aluminium/titanium of light-high-strength |
| CN108381031A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-08-10 | 重庆顺安盛钛科技新材料有限公司 | A kind of explosive welding automatic arrangement apparatus of gap column |
| CN109676236A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-26 | 威海泓方金属复合材料股份有限公司 | The preparation method of Explosion composite metal plate |
| CN109676236B (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2021-06-29 | 威海泓方金属复合材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of explosive composite metal plate |
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| CN103071908B (en) | 2014-11-12 |
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