CN103070298B - Sow milk bionic feed flavor and use method thereof - Google Patents
Sow milk bionic feed flavor and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of feed and relates to a sow milk bionic feed flavor and a use method thereof. The sow milk bionic feed flavor is a fennel-type sow milk bionic flavor and is prepared by mixing 49.7 to 67 parts by weight of benzyl alcohol, 30 to 45.2 parts by weight of gamma-nonalactone, 8.3 to 27.8 parts by weight of gamma-octalactone, 8.4 to 16.7 parts by weight of benzyl butyrate, 5 to 10 parts by weight of anethole, 6.7 to 13.4 parts by weight of benzaldehyde, 6.7 to 16.6 parts by weight of vanillin, 1 to 5 parts by weight of ethyl butyrate, 1 to 5 parts by weight of isoamyl isovalerate, 0.5 to 3.3 parts by weight of amyl acetate, 0.4 to 5 parts by weight of ethyl hexanoate, 1.6 to 5 parts by weight of dimethyl methyl butyrate and 833 parts by weight of silica gel as a carrier. The sow milk bionic feed flavor can promote ingestion of piglets and improve daily gain. The fennel-type sow milk bionic flavor has better effects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fodder, be specifically related to the boar bionical feedstuff flavouring agent of breast and a using method thereof.
Background technology
As everyone knows, it is the basis of development Swine Production that piglet is cultivated, and cultivating colory piglet is to improve swinery quality, reduces production costs, and improves the key of Swine Production economic benefit.Piglet is by being born to wean, and what face is the great variety of food source, is turned to the pellet of solid by the breast milk of liquid.On the other hand, there are the special physilogical characteristics such as digestive organs are undeveloped, digestive function imperfection in piglet, outer Ensure Liquid, environment etc. stress, directly cause the piglet deficiency of searching for food, affect growth performance performance, even there is loss of weight.Therefore, how improving the feed palatability of newborn piglet, improve piglet feed intake, based on the newborn son physiological angle of searching for food, increase piglet energy supply, improve pigling immunity, is the key of cultivating good piglet, is also the key that the whole live pig of development produces.
Research shows, the aroma and flavor of the improvement of feed flavor enhancement energy, correction or fortified feed itself.Since the sixties in 20th century, flavouring agent is used to make piglet to open as early as possible food, and the one, improve the aroma and flavor of feed, strengthen palatability, avoid the detest of piglet to new feedstuff; The 2nd, the custom of searching for food of change piglet.By various flavor enhancements, carry out stimulating animal appetite, increase feed intake and become and improve the effective means of breeding performonce fo animals.Utilize the flavor enhancement product of similar breast milk local flavor effectively to promote and to accelerate adaptation and by the transformation from breast milk to wean pellet of piglet to solid feed, improve the feed intake of newborn piglet, energization level of supply, promotes growing and strengthening the ability of resisting disease of newborn piglet.
Feed flavor enhancement is defined as " according to physiology principles such as sense of smell, the sense of taste, be used for improving and the enhancing natural taste of feed and smell, promote a class sense organ additive of searching for food, grow, producing ".Piglet has been familiar with its mother's local flavor signal in postnatal 12h, such as breast milk local flavor (Rhode Parfet and Gonyou, 1991) or simulate newborn local flavor (Lay etc., 1999).Stress of baby pigs caused ablaction will cause feed intake to decline, and mainly due to piglet, will experience the transformation from breast milk to solid feed.The aroma and flavor of the improvement of feed flavor enhancement energy, correction or fortified feed itself.Since the sixties in last century, flavor enhancement is just opened foodstuff in early days for piglet.Its effect is the aroma and flavor that improves feed on the one hand, improves palatability, reduces piglet to the reaction of reloading; The raising of feed feed intake on the other hand, promotes the gastrointestinal development (Pluske, 1996) of newborn piglet.Van Heugten etc. (2002) add flavouring agent in weanling pig feed, find to add flavouring agent and have played good effect preventing that newborn piglet feed intake when breast milk is transitioned into dry feed and be transitioned into growth pig feed by wean material from declining.
Pig, with aspect flavouring agent, research finds that various flavouring agents exist very big difference to the food calling effect of piglet, and some smell similar milk fragrance to also obviously different (McLaughlin etc., 1983) of the action effect of pig.Flavouring agent mainly plays a role by the sense of smell induction of animal, but in the area of sense of smell physiological Study discovery sense of smell mucous epithelium and epithelium, the quantity of olfactory cell determines the sharp degree of sense of smell, from then on two parameter analyses, the sense of smell susceptibility of pig will be far away higher than the mankind (Danilova etc., 1999).Therefore, can not be only according to people's sense organ, identify and select flavouring agent for pig, must, according to the smelling of animal, sense of taste physilogical characteristics, utilize extra quality groove Choice tests, could really from animal sense organ physiological angle, select flavouring agent.A large amount of Animal Behavior Science research shows that breast milk local flavor is to be familiar with and the local flavor of cognitive safety for piglet, has higher attraction for piglet.Improve the fragrance quality of sucking pig material and how to come to copy natural pig frankincense gas, fragrance, be necessary first to understand fully the constituent of natural pig breast characteristic chicken flavor and the concentration ratio that each master divides.Application SPME-GC-MS detects and identifies natural pig breast volatile flavor composition and chief component and ratio, according to the pig breast local flavor composition parameters obtaining, comes proportioning and the various flavor substances of combination.From the material based on flavouring agent, form angle, form the newborn piglet flavouring agent product with real similar pig breast local flavor, for the Feed Manufacturing of newborn piglet, thereby promote to search for food, give full play to the production performance of newborn piglet.
Summary of the invention
The present invention exists mainly for existing feedstuff flavouring agent does not meet the partially flavorous technical problem of pig self, provide a kind of according to analyzing pig breast local flavor, the feedstuff flavouring agent product of simulation pig breast local flavor, be added in feed, improve feed local flavor, raising feed palatability, the feed intake that increases piglet, raising weightening finish.
The present invention also provides the using method of the bionical feedstuff flavouring agent of this pig breast.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
The bionical feedstuff flavouring agent of one boar breast, be the bionical flavouring agent of fennel type pig breast, the raw material that mainly contains following weight portion proportioning mixes: 833 parts, phenmethylol 49.7-67 part, third nonalactone 30-45.2 part, third caprylolactone 8.3-27.8 part, benzyl butyrate 8.4-16.7 part, anethole 5-10 part, benzaldehyde 6.7-13.4 part, vanillic aldehyde 6.7-16.6 part, ethyl butyrate 1-5 part, iso-amyl iso-valeriate 1-5 part, pentyl acetate 0.5-3.3 part, ethyl hexanoate 0.4-5 part, acid dimethyl methyl esters 1.6-5 part, carrier silica gel.
The bionical feedstuff flavouring agent of one boar breast, be sweet frankincense type flavouring agent, the raw material that mainly contains following weight portion proportioning mixes: 13.3 parts of 13.3 parts, third undecalactones of 33.8 parts, third nonalactone of phenmethylol, 5 parts of fourth position decalactones, 6.7 parts of vanillic aldehydes, 11.7 parts of ethyl butyrates, 13.3 parts of iso-amyl iso-valeriates, 6.7 parts of pentyl acetates, 30 parts of ethyl lactates, 8.3 parts of butyl butyryl lactates, 3.3 parts of butyric acid, 13.3 parts of amyl butyrates, 1.7 parts of diacetyl, 3.3 parts of ethyl maltols, 3.3 parts of acetanisole, 833 parts, carrier silica gel.
Phenmethylol, as fixastive, in feedstuff flavouring agent compatibility, can keep flavouring agent odor type stable, keeps adding the good stable palatability of flavouring agent feed.
The using method of the bionical feedstuff flavouring agent of pig breast of the present invention, is specially: the described pig bionical feedstuff flavouring agent of breast and conventional daily ration are mixed to nursing weanling pig, and the dosage of the bionical feedstuff flavouring agent of pig breast is 350-550g/t weanling pig body weight.Wherein, take dosage as 400g/t weanling pig body weight as best.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: through evidence, the feed intake of the fennel type pig bionical flavouring agent of breast and sweet frankincense type flavouring agent group pig is all higher than not adding flavouring agent group, improve respectively 16.6% and 7.7%, wherein the bionical flavouring agent group of fennel type pig breast is significantly higher than control group (P<0.05); The daily gain of the fennel type pig bionical flavouring agent of breast and sweet frankincense type flavouring agent group pig, also all higher than control group, improves respectively 19.3% and 6.2%; The bionical flavouring agent material anharmonic ratio of fennel type pig breast is also lower than control group.Result demonstration, two kinds of flavouring agents provided by the invention can effectively promote searching for food of newborn piglet, and improve daily gain, wherein the bionical flavouring agent performance of fennel type pig breast is better.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 distills the gas-chromatography ion figure that extracts pig breast flavor substance simultaneously;
Fig. 2 is the gas-chromatography ion figure that pig breast flavor substance is extracted in SPME.
Fig. 3 is the feed intake changing trend diagram of control group, interpolation fennel type, sweet frankincense flavouring agent group pig.
The specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.Should be appreciated that enforcement of the present invention is not limited to the following examples, any pro forma accommodation that the present invention is made and/or change all will fall into protection domain of the present invention.
In the present invention, if not refer in particular to, all part, percentages are unit of weight, and all equipment and raw material etc. all can be buied from market or the industry is conventional.
Experimental animal: the weanling pig that cultivate on Zhejiang, Zhejiang Province international trade ecological agriculture Co., Ltd pig farm.
Experimental basis diet nutrient composition is according to NRC(2001) design and produced by Zhejiang Guo Mao feed company, model paddy king 551.
Embodiment
1. the analysis of pig breast flavor substance composition
Gather the multiparity sow before the large-scale pig farm wean of Zhejiang ,-20 ℃ save backup.Adopt distillation simultaneously and solid phase micro-extraction method to extract respectively and adsorb pig Ruzhong volatile materials, and its composition is carried out to Analysis and Identification with gas chromatography-mass spectrography, use areas of peak normalization method to carry out quantitatively simultaneously.
following experimental condition is established in 1.1 researchs:
SPME: add pig breast sample 5 ml that thaw in the sample bottle of 15 ml, seal, be placed in 40 ℃ of thermostat water baths establishing in advance, stretch out extracting head and adsorb after 45 min, in 250 ℃ of desorb 5 min of gas phase injection port.
gas-chromatography ion figure is shown in Fig. 2.
Simultaneously distillation extraction: get thaw pig breast sample 60 ml, distilled water 90 ml and be placed in the round-bottomed flask of 500 ml, one end of access SDE device, 95 ℃ of heating water baths; With the ground triangular flask of 500 ml, add the other end of chromatographically pure ether 200 ml access SDE devices, with 40 ℃ of heating water baths; Connect recirculated cooling water, distillation extraction 4 h, take off and contain ether bottle, cooling, add the anhydrous sodium sulfate of 10% left and right, 4 ℃ of static 6 h, and Filter paper filtering removes sodium sulphate, with low speed high pure nitrogen, purges and is settled to 1 ml, is stored in sample vial.Injector is got 2 μ l for gas chromatographic analysis,
gas-chromatography ion figure is shown in Fig. 1.
1.2 pig breast flavor substance constituent analysis results
Distillation analysis shows that it is cis-1-methyl-4-(1-Methylethyl)-cyclohexane, terpenol and trans-1-methyl-4-(1-Methylethyl)-cyclohexane that pig breast exists 3 kinds of main flavor components simultaneously, SPME extraction and analysis shows that it is erucic acid, hexahydrobenzoid acid lauryl alcohol ester and cetyl hexahydrobenzoid acid ester that pig breast exists 3 kinds of main flavor components, and such aroma compound may play main or leading role to pig breast flavor formation.
2. the compatibility of bionical flavouring agent combination
Known according to pig breast flavor analysis result, pig frankincense taste is the combined reaction that the delicate proportioning of such numerous compound component produces, and they are combined and embody pig breast characteristic perfume and fragrance.Pig breast local flavor mainly consists of ester class, and attached fragrant body is mainly alcohols, but such flavor components there is no the commercialization monomer product that is available for flavouring agent configuration.Therefore, adopt market alternative perfume monomer, the ester class local flavor in lactone and ester analoglike pig Ruzhong, phenmethylol simulation alcohols local flavor doubles as fixastive simultaneously, and by repetition test repeatedly, compatibility combination, forms frankincense type flavouring agent.With the anethole perfume monomer that serves as a mark, form the bionical flavouring agent of fennel type pig breast; Using ethyl maltol as sending fragrant and sweet perfume monomer, form sweet frankincense type frankincense flavouring agent.
3. the effect assessment of the bionical feedstuff flavouring agent of the special pig breast of newborn piglet
Selecting average weight is 441 of the DLY weanling pigs of 7.5 kg, according to single-factor, RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, by nest, sex, age in days, the body weight principle that is close, be divided into 3 groups, every component 3 hurdles, 49, every hurdle, gives respectively following test processing: (1) control group is for containing the conventional daily ration of antibiotic; (2) containing the conventional daily ration+400g/t flavouring agent of antibiotic A; (3) containing the conventional daily ration+400g/t flavouring agent of antibiotic B; Test is processed in Table 1, tests from wean 27 days experimental periods.
table 1 test is processed
| Group | Process |
| Control group | Containing the conventional daily ration of antibiotic |
| Fennel type flavouring agent group | Containing the conventional daily ration+400g/t fennel of antibiotic type flavouring agent |
| Sweet frankincense flavouring agent group | Containing the sweet frankincense flavouring agent of the conventional daily ration+400g/t of antibiotic |
Experimental basis diet nutrient composition is according to NRC(2001) design and produced by Zhejiang Guo Mao feed company.Feeding and management is according to the regulation of plant, and freely drink water every day, free choice feeding, and guarantee health and epidemic prevention condition good in nursery.Each processed group feed is measured the conventional nutrient composition contents such as dry, albumen, fat, evaluates feed local flavor.When on-test and end, weigh morning on an empty stomach, measures feed intake every day, calculates the per day feed intake of each processing (ADFI), daily gain (ADG) and feed and increase weight than (F/G).The feed intake changing trend diagram of control group, interpolation fennel type, sweet frankincense flavouring agent group pig is shown in Fig. 3.The production performance of control group, interpolation fennel type, sweet frankincense flavouring agent group pig is in Table 2.
the production performance of table 2 control group, interpolation fennel type, sweet frankincense flavouring agent group pig
| ? | Control group | Fennel type flavouring agent group | Sweet frankincense flavouring agent group | SEM |
| Starting weight | 7.50±0.65 | 7.77±0.80 | 7.56±0.63 | 0.039 |
| Heavy eventually | 17.13±1.39 | 19.28±0.30 | 17.80±1.48 | 0.745 |
| Feed intake | 0.559±0.042 b | 0.652±0.007 a | 0.602±0.038 ab | 0.0207 |
| Daily gain | 0.357±0.037 | 0.426±0.018 | 0.379±0.031 | 0.0182 |
| Material anharmonic ratio | 1.57±0.08 | 1.53±0.08 | 1.59±0.06 | 0.043 |
As seen from Figure 3, although there is fluctuation in the change curve of searching for food, the feed intake of adding the fennel type pig bionical flavouring agent of breast and sweet frankincense type flavouring agent group pig at duration of test totally higher than the control group containing flavouring agent not.The statistical analysis of table 2 shows, the feed intake of the fennel type pig bionical flavouring agent of breast and sweet frankincense type flavouring agent group pig is all higher than control group, improve respectively 16.6% and 7.7%, wherein the bionical flavouring agent group of fennel type pig breast is significantly higher than control group (P<0.05); The daily gain of the fennel type pig bionical flavouring agent of breast and sweet frankincense type flavouring agent group pig, also all higher than control group, improves respectively 19.3% and 6.2%; The bionical flavouring agent material anharmonic ratio of fennel type pig breast is also lower than control group.Result demonstration, two kinds of flavouring agents of this seminar development can effectively promote searching for food of newborn piglet, and improve daily gain, wherein the bionical flavouring agent performance of fennel type pig breast is better.
embodiment 1:
According to proportioning as shown in table 3, each component is mixed to get to the bionical flavouring agent of fennel type pig breast.
Table 3(unit: g)
| | Embodiment | 1 | |
|
|
| Phenmethylol | 67 | 49.7 | 57.6 | 63.5 | |
| Third nonalactone | 30 | 45.2 | 36.7 | 33.4 | |
| Third caprylolactone | 8.3 | 27.8 | 16.7 | 13.4 | |
| Benzyl butyrate | 16.7 | 13.9 | 15 | 8.4 | |
| Anethole | 5 | 8 | 6.7 | 10 | |
| Benzaldehyde | 6.7 | 6 | 10 | 13.4 | |
| Vanillic aldehyde | 16.6 | 11.9 | 13.4 | 6.7 | |
| |
5 | 1 | 3.3 | 4.2 | |
| Iso-amyl iso- |
5 | 1 | 3.3 | 1.7 | |
| Pentyl acetate | 3.3 | 0.5 | 1.7 | 2.5 | |
| Ethyl hexanoate | 1.7 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 5 | |
| Acid dimethyl methyl esters | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 5 | |
| Carrier silica gel | 833 | 833 | 833 | 833 |
Test is 2 single factor experiments of processing three repetitions, by 270 average weights, 10.2 kg weanling pigs, carry out RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, by nest, sex, age in days, the body weight principle that is close, be divided into 2 groups, every component 3 hurdles, 45, every hurdle, gives respectively following processing: (1) control group: conventional antibiotic daily ration group; (2) flavouring agent group: the bionical flavouring agent of conventional antibiotic daily ration group+400g/t fennel type pig breast.Basal diet and nutritional labeling design according to Guo Mao company.Test starts from wean, entirely totally 27 days phase.Result of the test is in Table 4.
table 4 adds flavouring agent to searching for food and increase heavy influence
| ? | | Test | 2 groups |
| Starting weight kg | 10.09±2.13 | 10.24±2.16 | |
| Eventually heavy kg | 22.59±5.27 | 23.44±5.93 | |
| Feed intake kg | 0.617±0.136 | 0.705±0.136 | |
| Daily gain kg | 0.500±0.148 | 0.528±0.151 | |
| Material anharmonic ratio | 1.27±0.32 | 1.36±0.16 |
Test shows: the feed intake of the test group pig of flavouring agent, higher than control group, improves 14.3% than control group, and daily gain improves 5.6%.
embodiment 2:
The bionical flavouring agent proportioning of fennel type pig breast of the present embodiment is in Table 3, and experimental design and processing are with embodiment 1.Basal diet and nutritional labeling design according to Guo Mao company.Test starts from wean, entirely totally 27 days phase.Result of the test is in Table 5.
table 5 adds flavouring agent to searching for food and increase heavy influence
| ? | | Test | 3 groups |
| Starting weight | 10.09±2.13 | 10.22±2.15 | |
| Heavy eventually | 22.59±5.27 | 23.14±3.15 | |
| Feed intake | 0.617±0.136 | 0.670±0.170 | |
| Daily gain | 0.500±0.148 | 0.517±0.052 | |
| Material anharmonic ratio | 1.27±0.32 | 1.29±0.29 |
Test shows: the feed intake of the test group pig of the bionical flavouring agent of interpolation fennel type pig breast, higher than control group, improves 8.6%, and daily gain improves 3.6%.
embodiment 3:
The bionical flavouring agent proportioning of fennel type pig breast of the present embodiment is in Table 3, and experimental design and processing are with embodiment 1.Basal diet and nutritional labeling design according to Guo Mao company.Test starts from wean, entirely totally 25 days phase.Result of the test is in Table 6.
table 6 adds flavouring agent to searching for food and increase heavy influence
| ? | | Test | 3 groups |
| Starting weight | 7.5 | 7.4 | |
| Heavy eventually | 20.5 | 21.9 | |
| Feed intake | 0.638 | 0.718 | |
| Daily gain | 0.520 | 0.580 | |
| Material anharmonic ratio | 1.22 | 1.24 |
Test shows: the feed intake of adding the test group pig of the bionical flavouring agent of fennel type pig breast improves 12.5% than control group, and daily gain improves 11.5%.
embodiment 4:
The bionical flavouring agent proportioning of fennel type pig breast of the present embodiment is in Table 3, and experimental design and processing are with embodiment 1.Basal diet and nutritional labeling design according to Guo Mao company.Test starts from wean, entirely totally 25 days phase.Result of the test is in Table 7.
table 7 adds flavouring agent to searching for food and increase heavy influence
| ? | | Test | 3 groups |
| Starting weight | 8.6 | 8.7 | |
| Heavy eventually | 22.3 | 23.4 | |
| Feed intake | 0.658 | 0.726 | |
| Daily gain | 0.548 | 0.588 | |
| Material anharmonic ratio | 1.20 | 1.23 |
Test shows: the feed intake of adding the test group pig of the bionical flavouring agent of fennel type pig breast improves 10.3% than control group, and daily gain improves 7.3%.
embodiment 5:
The sweet frankincense type flavouring agent proportioning of the present embodiment is as follows:
13.3 parts of 13.3 parts, third undecalactones of 33.8 parts, third nonalactone of phenmethylol, 5 parts of fourth position decalactones, 6.7 parts of vanillic aldehydes, 11.7 parts of ethyl butyrates, 13.3 parts of iso-amyl iso-valeriates, 6.7 parts of pentyl acetates, 30 parts of ethyl lactates, 8.3 parts of butyl butyryl lactates, 3.3 parts of butyric acid, 13.3 parts of amyl butyrates, 1.7 parts of diacetyl, 3.3 parts of ethyl maltols, 3.3 parts of acetanisole, 833 parts, carrier silica gel.
Experimental design and processing are with embodiment 1.
The present invention analyzes pig breast flavor substance composition by system evaluation, and by utilizing various perfume monomers through a large amount of compatibility combinations, simulation pig breast flavor substance, builds the bionical flavouring agent product of newborn piglet pig breast that forms similar pig breast local flavor.By Evaluation, be based upon reasonable adding proportion in feed, improve feed local flavor, improve feed palatability, promoted piglet to search for food, improve weight gain of piglets and resistance against diseases.
Should be understood that this embodiment is only not used in and limits the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after having read the content of the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Claims (2)
1. the bionical feedstuff flavouring agent of a boar breast, is characterized in that being mixed by the raw material of following weight portion proportioning:
13.3 parts of 13.3 parts, third undecalactones of 33.8 parts, third nonalactone of phenmethylol, 5 parts of fourth position decalactones, 6.7 parts of vanillic aldehydes, 11.7 parts of ethyl butyrates, 13.3 parts of iso-amyl iso-valeriates, 6.7 parts of pentyl acetates, 30 parts of ethyl lactates, 8.3 parts of butyl butyryl lactates, 3.3 parts of butyric acid, 13.3 parts of amyl butyrates, 1.7 parts of diacetyl, 3.3 parts of ethyl maltols, 3.3 parts of acetanisole, 833 parts, carrier silica gel.
2. the using method of the bionical feedstuff flavouring agent of pig breast claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described pig bionical feedstuff flavouring agent of breast and conventional daily ration are mixed to nursing weanling pig, and the dosage of the bionical feedstuff flavouring agent of pig breast is 350-550g/t weanling pig body weight.
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