CN103069944A - Method for quickly modifying severe soda alkali-saline soil - Google Patents
Method for quickly modifying severe soda alkali-saline soil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for quickly modifying severe soda alkali-saline soil. The invention provides the method for quickly modifying the severe soda alkali-saline soil in order to solve the problem that the modifying effect is lowered as soil clay particles are scattered when the soil clay particles encounter water, soil water cannot permeate below the tillage layer and be separated from the tillage layer due to the blockage of soil pores, and soil modification is limited. The method for quickly improving the severe soda alkali-saline soil comprises the following steps of: 1, deeply loosening severe soda alkali-saline land in a grid way so as to form deeply loosened soil conditions which are favorable to the downward infiltration of soil water and salt; 2, determining the use quantity of a gypsum modifier according to the pH value of the soil in the tillage layer of the severe soda alkali-saline land, and then uniformly scattering the gypsum modifier on the surface of the deeply loosened severe soda alkali-saline soil; and 3, mixing the gypsum modifier within the 20 cm soil layer of the severe soda alkali-saline land by mechanical rotary tillage. The method belongs to the technical field of severe soil modification.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method, belong to poor soil improving technology field.
Background technology
Saline-Sodic soil is a kind of typical agriculture obstacle soil, and soil salt is take sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate as main, and the alkalization of soils degree is greater than 15%, and basicity is being defined as severe Saline-Sodic soil more than 30%.Owing to contain excessive sodium ion, soil physico-chemical property worsens, and affects Infiltration, by ion murder by poisoning, osmotic stress and restriction nutrient availability etc. growing of crop is exerted an influence.Severe soda alkaline land kind plant emerge difficulty, the growth be suppressed, be difficult to obtain normal volume without improvement.Therefore, how to improve be the primary problem that solves in the agricultural production to Saline-Sodic soil.The Saline-Sodic land reform very generally includes two steps: first step is that the exchangeable sodium that will adsorb on the soil colloid replaces and gets off to enter the soil solution, and second step is that the soil solution is infiltrated the disengaging plow layer by the field.Greater than 9, basicity is the severe Saline-Sodic soil more than 30% for the pH value, and soil clay particle is met aqueous dispersion, stops up the soil pore space, causes soil moisture to be difficult to ooze the disengaging topsoil down, has limited the second step of soil melioration, causes the improved effect reduction.The improvement of Saline-Sodic soil conventional chemical can only realize first step, and this is the realistic problem that present heavy salinized native chemical modifying exists.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve soil clay particle to meet aqueous dispersion, stops up the soil pore space, causes soil moisture to be difficult to ooze the disengaging topsoil down, has limited soil melioration and the problem that causes improved effect to reduce, and provides a kind of severe Saline-Sodic native quick improvement method.
A kind of severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method realizes according to the following steps:
One, selection soil dental formulas subsoiler and deep soil loosing shovel carry out the grid type subsoiling to the severe soda alkaline land, are formed with to be beneficial to the soil condition that water salt infiltrates downwards; Wherein, described grid type subsoiling method is: vertically carry out subsoiling along the severe soda alkaline land first, and then carry out horizontal subsoiling, form equidistant grid, wherein, and subsoiling degree of depth 60cm～80cm, the grid length of side is 65cm;
Two, open up wasteland autumn the previous year or spring then, according to the definite gypsum modifier amount of application of severe soda alkaline land topsoil pH value, then gypsum modifier evenly is sprinkling upon the severe soda alkaline land soil surface after the subsoiling; Wherein, the gypsum modifier amount of application is: soda alkaline land topsoil pH value is more than 10,25～30 tons of per hectare gypsuming modifying agents, soda alkaline land topsoil pH value is 9.5～10, per hectare is used 20～25 tons of modifying agents, soda alkaline land topsoil pH value is 9～9.5, and per hectare is used 15～20 tons of modifying agents;
Three, behind the gypsuming modifying agent, adopt rotary tillage that gypsum modifier is sneaked into severe soda alkaline land 20cm with interior soil layer, namely finished a kind of severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method; Wherein, adopt during mechanical rotary tillage and intersect in length and breadth rotary tillage, harrow soil crushing with disk harrow after the mechanical rotary tillage.
The invention effect:
A kind of severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method of the present invention, this method can make the plow layer of severe Saline-Sodic soil obtain quick desalination, when chemical modifying is realized ion exchange, promote water infiltration, salinity is moved down into rapidly below the plow layer, for a good rhizospheric environment is created in plant growth.The method has changed conventional soil band deep loose plough mode, adopts in length and breadth grid type subsoiling, improves to greatest extent soil water salt and infiltrates, and it is easy to operate to have a field, less investment, the characteristics such as improved effect is remarkable.The land reform of severe Saline-Sodic can take effect very then, and Second Year can reach the soil condition of crop normal growth, is adapted at new severe Saline-Sodic soil district's large scale application of opening up wasteland.By the grid type subsoiling, around the soil body, break the impermeable stratum of Saline-Sodic soil, accelerate salinity and infiltrate downwards, break away from topsoil, create good rhizospheric environment for plant growth, realize severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement, soil then salt rejection rate reaches 57.6%.。
Embodiment
Embodiment one: a kind of severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method of present embodiment realizes according to the following steps:
One, selects soil dental formulas subsoiler and deep soil loosing shovel that the severe soda alkaline land is carried out the grid type subsoiling, be conducive to the soil condition that water salt infiltrates downwards after the formation subsoiling; Wherein, described grid type subsoiling method is: vertically carry out subsoiling along the severe soda alkaline land first, and then carry out horizontal subsoiling, form equidistant grid, wherein, and subsoiling degree of depth 60cm～80cm, the grid length of side is 65cm;
Two, open up wasteland autumn the previous year or spring then, according to the definite gypsum modifier amount of application of severe soda alkaline land topsoil pH value, then gypsum modifier evenly is sprinkling upon the severe soda alkaline land soil surface after the subsoiling; Wherein, the gypsum modifier amount of application is: soda alkaline land topsoil pH value is more than 10,25～30 tons of per hectare gypsuming modifying agents, soda alkaline land topsoil pH value is 9.5～10, per hectare is used 20～25 tons of modifying agents, soda alkaline land topsoil pH value is 9～9.5, and per hectare is used 15～20 tons of modifying agents;
Three, behind the gypsuming modifying agent, adopt rotary tillage that gypsum modifier is sneaked into severe soda alkaline land 20cm with interior soil layer, namely finished a kind of severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method; Wherein, adopt during mechanical rotary tillage and intersect in length and breadth rotary tillage, harrow soil crushing with disk harrow after the mechanical rotary tillage.
Embodiment two: what present embodiment and embodiment one were different is: the quantity of deep soil loosing shovel is 3 in the step 1.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: what present embodiment was different from embodiment one or two is: the wide 9cm of deep soil loosing shovel deep soil loosing shovel in the step 1, deep soil loosing shovel spacing 65cm.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: what present embodiment was different from one of embodiment one to three is: gypsum modifier is selected thermal power plant's waste residue desulfurated plaster or ardealite in the step 2, and wherein, the sulfate dihydrate calcium content is more than 90% in the described gypsum.Other step and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to three.
By following verification experimental verification beneficial effect of the present invention:
Test 1:
A kind of severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method realizes according to the following steps:
It is ecological experiment station, the Chinese Academy of Sciences large peace alkali ground Saline-Sodic soil that the severe soda alkaline land is chosen red mound township, Daan City, Jilin Province: pH value 9.4, basicity 43%;
One, opens up wasteland front whole ground: do not turn over, do not harrow, only carry out the land readjustment operation, select soil dental formulas subsoiler and deep soil loosing shovel that the severe soda alkaline land is carried out the grid type subsoiling, be conducive to the soil condition that water salt infiltrates downwards after the formation subsoiling; Wherein, described grid type subsoiling method is: vertically carry out subsoiling along the severe soda alkaline land first, and then carry out horizontal subsoiling, form equidistant grid, wherein, and subsoiling degree of depth 60cm, the grid length of side is 65cm;
Two, open up wasteland spring then before, according to the definite ardealite modifying agent amount of application of severe soda alkaline land topsoil pH value, then the ardealite modifying agent evenly is sprinkling upon the severe soda alkaline land soil surface after the subsoiling; Wherein, the gypsum modifier amount of application is: per hectare is used 20 tons of modifying agents;
Three, use the ardealite modifying agent after, adopt mechanical rotary tillage that the ardealite modifying agent is sneaked into severe soda alkaline land 20cm with interior soil layer, namely finished a kind of severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method; Wherein, adopt during mechanical rotary tillage and intersect in length and breadth rotary tillage, harrow soil crushing with disk harrow after the mechanical rotary tillage.
The effect of improving the soil after the severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method is adopted in this test: 0～20cm soil then salt rejection rate reaches 57.6%.
Test 2:
A kind of severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method realizes according to the following steps:
It is ecological experiment station, the Chinese Academy of Sciences large peace alkali ground Saline-Sodic soil that the severe soda alkaline land is chosen red mound township, Daan City, Jilin Province: pH value 10, basicity 64%;
One, opens up wasteland front whole ground: do not turn over, do not harrow, only carry out the land readjustment operation, select soil dental formulas subsoiler and deep soil loosing shovel that the severe soda alkaline land is carried out the grid type subsoiling, be conducive to the soil condition that water salt infiltrates downwards after the formation subsoiling; Wherein, described grid type subsoiling method is: vertically carry out subsoiling along the severe soda alkaline land first, and then carry out horizontal subsoiling, form equidistant grid, wherein, and subsoiling degree of depth 70cm, the grid length of side is 65cm;
Two, open up wasteland spring then before, according to the definite desulfurated plaster modifying agent amount of application of severe soda alkaline land topsoil pH value, then the desulfurated plaster modifying agent evenly is sprinkling upon the severe soda alkaline land soil surface after the subsoiling; Wherein, desulfurated plaster modifying agent amount of application is: per hectare is used 25 tons of modifying agents;
Three, use the desulfurated plaster modifying agent after, adopt mechanical rotary tillage that the desulfurated plaster modifying agent is sneaked into severe soda alkaline land 20cm with interior soil layer, namely finished a kind of severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method; Wherein, adopt during mechanical rotary tillage and intersect in length and breadth rotary tillage, harrow soil crushing with disk harrow after the mechanical rotary tillage.
The effect of improving the soil after the severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method is adopted in this test: 0～20cm soil then salt rejection rate reaches 68.5%.
Test 3:
A kind of severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method realizes according to the following steps:
It is ecological experiment station, the Chinese Academy of Sciences large peace alkali ground Saline-Sodic soil that the severe soda alkaline land is chosen red mound township, Daan City, Jilin Province: pH value 10.4, basicity 71%;
One, opens up wasteland front whole ground: do not turn over, do not harrow, only carry out the land readjustment operation, select soil dental formulas subsoiler and deep soil loosing shovel that the severe soda alkaline land is carried out the grid type subsoiling, be conducive to the soil condition that water salt infiltrates downwards after the formation subsoiling; Wherein, described grid type subsoiling method is: vertically carry out subsoiling along the severe soda alkaline land first, and then carry out horizontal subsoiling, form equidistant grid, wherein, and subsoiling degree of depth 80cm, the grid length of side is 65cm;
Two, open up wasteland spring then before, according to the definite desulfurated plaster modifying agent amount of application of severe soda alkaline land topsoil pH value, then the desulfurated plaster modifying agent evenly is sprinkling upon the severe soda alkaline land soil surface after the subsoiling; Wherein, desulfurated plaster modifying agent amount of application is: per hectare is used 30 tons of modifying agents;
Three, use the desulfurated plaster modifying agent after, adopt mechanical rotary tillage that the desulfurated plaster modifying agent is sneaked into severe soda alkaline land 20cm with interior soil layer, namely finished a kind of severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method; Wherein, adopt during mechanical rotary tillage and intersect in length and breadth rotary tillage, harrow soil crushing with disk harrow after the mechanical rotary tillage.
The effect of improving the soil after the severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method is adopted in this test: 0～20cm soil then salt rejection rate reaches 79.8%.
Claims (4)
1. severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method is characterized in that severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method realizes according to the following steps:
One, selects soil dental formulas subsoiler and deep soil loosing shovel that the severe soda alkaline land is carried out the grid type subsoiling, be conducive to the soil condition that water salt infiltrates downwards after the formation subsoiling; Wherein, described grid type subsoiling method is: vertically carry out subsoiling along the severe soda alkaline land first, and then carry out horizontal subsoiling, form equidistant grid, wherein, and subsoiling degree of depth 60cm～80cm, the grid length of side is 65cm;
Two, open up wasteland autumn the previous year or spring then, according to the definite gypsum modifier amount of application of severe soda alkaline land topsoil pH value, then gypsum modifier evenly is sprinkling upon the severe soda alkaline land soil surface after the subsoiling; Wherein, the gypsum modifier amount of application is: soda alkaline land topsoil pH value is more than 10,25～30 tons of per hectare gypsuming modifying agents, soda alkaline land topsoil pH value is 9.5～10, per hectare is used 20～25 tons of modifying agents, soda alkaline land topsoil pH value is 9～9.5, and per hectare is used 15～20 tons of modifying agents;
Three, behind the gypsuming modifying agent, adopt rotary tillage that gypsum modifier is sneaked into severe soda alkaline land 20cm with interior soil layer, namely finished a kind of severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method; Wherein, adopt during mechanical rotary tillage and intersect in length and breadth rotary tillage, harrow soil crushing with disk harrow after the mechanical rotary tillage.
2. a kind of severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method according to claim 1, the quantity that it is characterized in that deep soil loosing shovel in the step 1 is 3.
3. a kind of severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the wide 9cm of deep soil loosing shovel in the step 1, deep soil loosing shovel spacing 65cm.
4. a kind of severe Saline-Sodic soil quick improvement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that gypsum modifier is selected thermal power plant's waste residue desulfurated plaster or ardealite in the step 2, and wherein, the sulfate dihydrate calcium content is more than 90% in the described gypsum.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103621209A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-03-12 | 苏州金螳螂园林绿化景观有限公司 | Method for treating and improving saline and alkaline land |
| CN103891449A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for rapidly constructing soda salinized dry farmland |
| CN104115586A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-10-29 | 宁波高新区围海工程技术开发有限公司 | Moderate and severe saline-alkali soil treatment method |
| CN104322172A (en) * | 2014-10-25 | 2015-02-04 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Soda saline soil homogenizing and improving method |
| CN104838753A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-08-19 | 清华大学 | Improvement method of coastal saline land |
| CN106612697A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-10 | 江南园林有限公司 | Coastal saline-alkali soil comprehensive treatment method |
| CN107087451A (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2017-08-25 | 北京飞鹰绿地科技发展有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used to improve the method for severe soda alkaline land |
| CN107201234A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-09-26 | 沈阳化工研究院有限公司 | A kind of inland soda alkaline land modifying agent and application |
| CN107896542A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-13 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The modification method of fast lifting salt-soda soil paddy field soil organic matter |
| CN108218562A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-29 | 新疆慧尔农业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of salt-soda soil special conditioning agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN111019668A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-17 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Severe soda saline-alkali soil dry farming agricultural soil conditioner |
| CN113261404A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-08-17 | 清华大学 | Method for accurately improving saline-alkali soil paddy field by applying gypsum |
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN1759647A (en) * | 2005-11-16 | 2006-04-19 | 东北师范大学 | Method for quick recovering vegetation at alkali spot, bareground in grassland |
| CN101683033A (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2010-03-31 | 天津市北方园林生态科学技术研究所 | Method for quickly desalting dredgerfill by using desulfurization gypsum (DSG) |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103621209A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-03-12 | 苏州金螳螂园林绿化景观有限公司 | Method for treating and improving saline and alkaline land |
| CN103891449A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for rapidly constructing soda salinized dry farmland |
| CN103891449B (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2016-01-13 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of method of soda salinized soil rapid build |
| CN104115586B (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2015-12-09 | 宁波高新区围海工程技术开发有限公司 | Heavy salinized ground administering method in one |
| CN104115586A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-10-29 | 宁波高新区围海工程技术开发有限公司 | Moderate and severe saline-alkali soil treatment method |
| CN104322172A (en) * | 2014-10-25 | 2015-02-04 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Soda saline soil homogenizing and improving method |
| CN104838753A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-08-19 | 清华大学 | Improvement method of coastal saline land |
| CN107087451A (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2017-08-25 | 北京飞鹰绿地科技发展有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used to improve the method for severe soda alkaline land |
| CN107087451B (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2020-01-31 | 北京飞鹰绿地科技发展有限公司 | method for improving severe soda saline-alkali soil |
| CN106612697A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-10 | 江南园林有限公司 | Coastal saline-alkali soil comprehensive treatment method |
| CN107201234A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-09-26 | 沈阳化工研究院有限公司 | A kind of inland soda alkaline land modifying agent and application |
| CN107896542A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-13 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The modification method of fast lifting salt-soda soil paddy field soil organic matter |
| CN108218562A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-29 | 新疆慧尔农业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of salt-soda soil special conditioning agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN111019668A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-17 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Severe soda saline-alkali soil dry farming agricultural soil conditioner |
| CN113261404A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-08-17 | 清华大学 | Method for accurately improving saline-alkali soil paddy field by applying gypsum |
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