CN103066648A - Battery driving equalization circuit - Google Patents
Battery driving equalization circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN103066648A CN103066648A CN2012105459645A CN201210545964A CN103066648A CN 103066648 A CN103066648 A CN 103066648A CN 2012105459645 A CN2012105459645 A CN 2012105459645A CN 201210545964 A CN201210545964 A CN 201210545964A CN 103066648 A CN103066648 A CN 103066648A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lithium ion battery driving equalization circuit. The battery driving equalization circuit is mainly applied in a battery management system, each battery module is provided with a set of equalization circuits, each set of the equalization circuits comprises four collateral charging equalization circuit units, each charging equalization circuit unit comprises a flyback type button power supply circuit, a drive circuit and an absorption circuit, wherein control chips analysis and process electric quantity signals of a single battery, output pulse width modulation (PWM) signals, control the equalization circuit, and decide whether a lithium battery is supposed to be charged or not. When the PWM outputs high electrical level, primary winding stores energy, and when the PWM outputs low electrical level, the energy shifts from the primary winding to a secondary winding and charges a single lithium battery, and therefore driving equalization of a monomer lithium battery is achieved. The battery driving equalization circuit has the advantages of being high in reliability, easy to implement, simple to control, high in equalization efficiency of the monomer lithium battery. Service life of the lithium ion battery string is prolonged and cost of electric automobiles is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hybrid power automobile battery equalizing circuit, particularly relate to a kind of battery active equalization circuit.
Background technology
Electric automobile is as new traffic tool pollution-free, energy savings, become the intersection point of the development of Global Auto industry future and competition, and the principal element that affects at present the electric automobile popularization comprises fail safe and the use cost problem of electrokinetic cell, and be one of effective way that reduces use cost the useful life that prolongs battery.
For guaranteeing that battery performance is good, extending battery life must carry out rationally effectively management and control to battery, and we need to design a cover battery management system, and battery is carried out rational management of charging and discharging.In battery management system, equalizing circuit is again its key component.So in order to guarantee the useful life of battery, charging balanced circuit is extremely important.
Charging balanced circuit is divided into two kinds of dissipative type and non-dissipative types.Active equalization circuit belongs to non-dissipative type, charges to the under-voltage battery of certain single-unit battery strings voltage, because the generation of the situation of battery undervoltage is more, so this charging mechanism has larger attraction in electric automobile.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve lithium ion battery string charge balancing problem, a kind of battery active equalization circuit is provided, uses inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit, adopt inductance as energy-storage travelling wave tube, by switching signal, carry out charge balancing by lithium ion battery group integral body to cell.
For achieving the above object, design of the present invention is: the cell voltage that detects every joint lithium battery by detection module, the signal that detects is passed to control chip, can produce pwm signal according to the signal controlling chip that receives and come opening or turn-offing of control switch pipe, thereby by equalizing circuit lithium battery is operated in the normal voltage scope.System connects block diagram as shown in Figure 1, whole system is by central control unit, balance module, monitoring module and battery pack form, per 4 batteries form a battery strings, by monitoring module and balance module battery management is discharged and recharged, form a battery management module, N battery management module consists of again a battery management system, pass through the CAN bus communication between each battery management module, the most always data are passed to central control unit, central control unit is controlled the operation of whole battery management system.
According to the foregoing invention design, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of battery active equalization circuit is characterized in that: be comprised of four parallel equalizing circuit unit, each equalizing circuit unit connects drive circuit by inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit and absorbing circuit consists of; Wherein:
A transformer T1 primary coil in the described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit connects respectively voltage of serially-connected cells bus P+ and ground, this inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit output connects cell, and a switching tube Q2 input of described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply connects the output of drive circuit.
The input of described drive circuit connects the pwm signal that microcontroller provides, and the output of this drive circuit connects the base stage of switching tube Q2 in the described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit.
Described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit is characterized in that being comprised of transformer T1, switching tube Q2, capacitor C 5 and resistance R 6, and primary coil L1 different name end links to each other with switching tube Q2, and Same Name of Ends links to each other with voltage of serially-connected cells bus P+; It is anodal that secondary coil L2 different name end connects diode D2, and the different name end connects the end of load capacitance C3, and the negative pole of diode D2 links to each other with load capacitance C3 one end; Switching tube one end ground connection, the other end links to each other with primary coil L1 different name end; Capacitor C 5 connects voltage of serially-connected cells bus and ground; The base stage of resistance R 6 one end connecting valve pipe Q2, other end ground connection.
Described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit is characterized in that utilizing coil to come storage power, shifts energy, this structure so that input and output electrical isolation, voltage up-down wide ranges, reliability high, be easy to multichannel output.
Described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit is characterized in that switching tube conduction period, energy storage in primary coil, the switching tube blocking interval, energy is transferred to secondary coil, by the capacitance stores energy, powers to the load.
Described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit is characterized in that primary coil in the secondary coil energy transfer process, the leakage inductance phenomenon can occur, so, all introduced described absorbing circuit at the coil primary and secondary.
Described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit is characterized in that the secondary coil output has connected filter capacitor, makes voltage keep stable, and single lithium battery is charged.
Described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit is characterized in that having used the NMOS pipe as switching tube, and the conducting by the control switch pipe stores or shift energy with turn-offing, and can carry out active equalization to battery, prevents overvoltage or under-voltage generation.
Described absorbing circuit, it is characterized in that being formed by diode D1, capacitor C 1, resistance R 2 and resistance R 1, diode cathode connects the different name end of primary coil L1, the end of negative pole contact resistance R1 and R2, capacitor C 1 one end contact resistance R2 other end contact resistance R1, resistance R 2 one ends connect diode cathode, and the other end connects capacitor C 1, resistance R 1 one ends connect diode cathode, and the other end connects capacitor C 1.
Described absorbing circuit is characterized in that consuming this part energy of leakage inductance of primary coil, avoids it to affect other circuit normal operation, when switching tube turn-offed, leakage inductance discharged, diode D1 conducting, capacitor C 1 charging, then diode D1 cut-off, capacitor C is by resistance R 1 and R2 discharge.
Described drive circuit is characterized in that having some PNP pipe Q3, a NPN triode Q1, resistance R 4, resistance R 5 and capacitor C 4 to form, and triode Q1 collector electrode connects the 5V power line, and emitter links to each other with the Q3 emitter, and base stage contact resistance R4, R5 one end link to each other; Triode Q3 emitter links to each other with the Q1 emitter, grounded collector, and base stage links to each other with resistance R 4, R5 one end; Resistance R 4 one ends connect the base stage of R5, triode Q1, Q3, and the other end connects the pwm signal line; Resistance R 5 one ends link to each other with R4, triode Q1, Q3 base stage, and the other end links to each other with triode Q1, Q3 emitter.
Described drive circuit is characterized in that simple in structurely, and switching speed is fast, and driving force is strong, so that switching tube can normally under the PWM low-voltage signal.When PWM is output as high level, triode NPN conducting, triode PNP is by, nmos switch pipe conducting, and driving voltage is provided by 5V, strengthens driving force; When PWM was output as low level, triode NPN turn-offed by, nmos switch pipe.
The present invention has following substantive distinguishing features and conspicuousness advantage compared with prior art:
1. different from equalizing circuit in the past, can not influence each other between the equalizing circuit inductance of parallel connection of primary windings, circuit reliability is higher, and performance is better.
2. transmit the lithium battery signal by observation circuit and control whole equalizing circuit to control chip, easy to implement, control is simple.
3. described equalizing circuit carries out equalizing charge by whole battery voltage to certain joint lithium battery, and balanced efficient is higher.
4. described equalizing circuit, the too much energy of loss lithium battery string not, active equalization is namely transferred to energy in the under-voltage single battery automatically.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 battery management system connects block diagram.
Accompanying drawing 2 battery pack active charge balance module block diagrams.
Accompanying drawing 3 charge balancing element circuit figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 2, the battery active equalization circuit is comprised of four parallel equalizing circuit unit, each unit comprises: inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit (1), drive circuit (3), absorbing circuit (2), as shown in Figure 3, wherein: the primary coil L1 of described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit (1) connects respectively voltage of serially-connected cells bus P+ and ground, this inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit (1) output connects cell, and the switching tube Q2 input of described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply (1) connects the output of drive circuit (3).
The described input that drives electricity (3) connects the pwm signal that microcontroller provides, and the output of this drive circuit (3) connects the base stage of described nmos switch pipe Q2.
Embodiment two: present embodiment and embodiment one are basic identical, and special feature is as follows:
Described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit (1) is characterized in that being comprised of transformer T1, switching tube Q2, capacitor C 5 and resistance R 6, and primary coil L1 different name end links to each other with switching tube Q2, and Same Name of Ends links to each other with voltage of serially-connected cells bus P+; It is anodal that secondary coil L2 different name end connects diode D2, and the different name end connects the end of load capacitance C3, and the negative pole of diode D2 links to each other with load capacitance C3 one end; Switching tube one end ground connection, the other end links to each other with primary coil L1 different name end; Capacitor C 5 connects voltage of serially-connected cells bus and ground; The base stage of resistance R 6 one end connecting valve pipe Q2, other end ground connection.
Described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit (1) utilizes coil to come storage power, shifts energy, this structure so that input and output electrical isolation, voltage up-down wide ranges, reliability high, be easy to multichannel output.
In the described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit (1), switching tube conduction period, energy storage in primary coil, the switching tube blocking interval, energy is transferred to secondary coil, by the capacitance stores energy, powers to the load.
In the described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit (1), the leakage inductance phenomenon can occur in primary coil L1 in the secondary coil energy transfer process, so, all introduced described absorbing circuit at the coil primary and secondary.
In the described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit (1), secondary coil L2 output has connected filter capacitor, makes voltage keep stable, and single lithium battery is charged.
In the described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit (1), used the NMOS pipe as switching tube, the conducting by the control switch pipe stores or shifts energy with turn-offing, and can carry out active equalization to battery, prevents overvoltage or under-voltage generation.
The operation principle of the charging balanced circuit that inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit forms:
By observation circuit the monomer battery voltage of four joint lithium batteries is measured, the gained signal passes to control chip by ADC, and control chip carries out analyzing and processing, output pwm signal to signal, the control equalizing circuit, decision to the charging of certain joint lithium battery whether, when PWM output high level, the primary coil storage power, when PWM is output as low level, energy has primary coil to transfer to secondary coil, comes to be charged in the single-lithium-battery pond, has realized the active equalization to the single-lithium-battery pond.
Embodiment three:
Present embodiment and embodiment two are basic identical, and special feature is:
Described absorbing circuit (2) is comprised of diode D1, capacitor C 1, resistance R 2 and resistance R 1, diode cathode connects the different name end of primary coil L1, the end of negative pole contact resistance R1 and R2, capacitor C 1 one end contact resistance R2 other end contact resistance R1, resistance R 2 one ends connect diode cathode, the other end connects capacitor C 1, and resistance R 1 one ends connect diode cathode, and the other end connects capacitor C 1; When switching tube Q2 turn-offed, leakage inductance discharged, diode D1 conducting, and capacitor C 1 charging, then diode D1 cut-off, capacitor C is by resistance R 1 and R2 discharge.
Embodiment four:
Present embodiment and embodiment three are basic identical, and its special feature is:
Described drive circuit is comprised of PNP triode Q3, NPN triode Q1, resistance R 4, resistance R 5 and capacitor C 4, and triode Q1 collector electrode connects the 5V power line, and emitter links to each other with the Q3 emitter, and base stage contact resistance R4, R5 one end link to each other; Triode Q3 emitter links to each other with the Q1 emitter, grounded collector, and base stage links to each other with resistance R 4, R5 one end; Resistance R 4 one ends connect the base stage of R5, triode Q1, Q3, and the other end connects the pwm signal line; Resistance R 5 one ends link to each other with R4, triode Q1, Q3 base stage, and the other end links to each other with triode Q1, Q3 emitter; When PWM is output as high level, triode NPN conducting, triode PNP is by, nmos switch pipe conducting, and driving voltage is provided by 5V, strengthens driving force; When PWM was output as low level, triode NPN turn-offed by, nmos switch pipe.
Above-mentioned example only is the better execution mode of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other are any not to deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and the principle, substitute, combination, simplify the substitute mode that all should be equivalence, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. battery active equalization circuit is characterized in that: be comprised of four parallel equalizing circuit unit, each equalizing circuit unit connects drive circuit (3) and absorbing circuit (2) formation by inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit (1); Wherein:
A transformer T1 primary coil in the described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit (1) connects respectively voltage of serially-connected cells bus P+ and ground, this inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit output connects cell, and a switching tube Q2 input of described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply (1) connects the output of drive circuit;
The input of described drive circuit (3) connects the pwm signal that microcontroller provides, and the output of this drive circuit connects the base stage of switching tube Q2 in the described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit (1).
2. battery active equalization circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described inverse-excitation type switch power-supply circuit (1) is comprised of transformer T1, switching tube Q2, capacitor C 5 and resistance R 6, primary coil L1 different name end links to each other with switching tube Q2, and Same Name of Ends links to each other with voltage of serially-connected cells bus P+; It is anodal that secondary coil L2 different name end connects diode D2, and the different name end connects the end of load capacitance C3, and the negative pole of diode D2 links to each other with load capacitance C3 one end; Switching tube Q2 one end ground connection, the other end links to each other with primary coil L1 different name end; Capacitor C 5 connects voltage of serially-connected cells bus and ground; The base stage of resistance R 6 one end connecting valve pipe Q2, other end ground connection.
3. battery active equalization circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described absorbing circuit is comprised of diode D1, capacitor C 1, resistance R 2 and resistance R 1, diode cathode connects the different name end of primary coil L1, the end of negative pole contact resistance R1 and R2, capacitor C 1 one end contact resistance R2 other end contact resistance R1, resistance R 2 one ends connect diode cathode, and the other end connects capacitor C 1, resistance R 1 one ends connect diode cathode, and the other end connects capacitor C 1; When switching tube Q2 turn-offed, leakage inductance discharged, diode D1 conducting, and capacitor C 1 charging, then diode D1 cut-off, capacitor C is by resistance R 1 and R2 discharge.
4. battery active equalization circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described drive circuit is comprised of PNP triode Q3, NPN triode Q1, resistance R 4, resistance R 5 and capacitor C 4, triode Q1 collector electrode connects the 5V power line, emitter links to each other with the Q3 emitter, and base stage contact resistance R4, R5 one end link to each other; Triode Q3 emitter links to each other with the Q1 emitter, grounded collector, and base stage links to each other with resistance R 4, R5 one end; Resistance R 4 one ends connect the base stage of R5, triode Q1, Q3, and the other end connects the pwm signal line; Resistance R 5 one ends link to each other with R4, triode Q1, Q3 base stage, and the other end links to each other with triode Q1, Q3 emitter; When PWM is output as high level, triode NPN conducting, triode PNP is by, nmos switch pipe conducting, and driving voltage is provided by 5V, strengthens driving force; When PWM was output as low level, triode NPN turn-offed by, nmos switch pipe.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012105459645A CN103066648A (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2012-12-17 | Battery driving equalization circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012105459645A CN103066648A (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2012-12-17 | Battery driving equalization circuit |
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| CN103066648A true CN103066648A (en) | 2013-04-24 |
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| CN2012105459645A Pending CN103066648A (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2012-12-17 | Battery driving equalization circuit |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103904731A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-07-02 | 苏州三森新能源科技有限公司 | Active equalization circuit and method of lithium battery pack in series |
| CN109245222A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-18 | 吉林大学 | The passive mixed equilibrium circuit of the master of series-connected cell group and its charge control method |
| CN110588438A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-20 | 深圳市科列技术股份有限公司 | Power supply and drive circuit of active equalization matrix switch of automobile battery management system |
| CN110932363A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-03-27 | 上海派能能源科技股份有限公司 | Balanced drive circuit and electronic equipment |
| CN111781506A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-10-16 | 上海空间电源研究所 | High-precision adjustable lithium battery cell voltage control circuit |
| CN114336819A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-04-12 | 宁波中车新能源科技有限公司 | Two-stage active equalization circuit, method, module and device |
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| JP2004297914A (en) * | 2003-03-27 | 2004-10-21 | Toyota Industries Corp | Drive circuit of power-switching element |
| CN101355352A (en) * | 2007-07-26 | 2009-01-28 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Driver circuit for P type power MOS switch tube |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103904731A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-07-02 | 苏州三森新能源科技有限公司 | Active equalization circuit and method of lithium battery pack in series |
| CN109245222A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-18 | 吉林大学 | The passive mixed equilibrium circuit of the master of series-connected cell group and its charge control method |
| CN109245222B (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2024-02-27 | 吉林大学 | Active-passive hybrid equalization circuit of series battery pack and charging control method thereof |
| CN110588438A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-20 | 深圳市科列技术股份有限公司 | Power supply and drive circuit of active equalization matrix switch of automobile battery management system |
| CN110588438B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2024-04-30 | 深圳市科列技术股份有限公司 | Power supply and driving circuit of active equalization matrix switch of automobile battery management system |
| CN110932363A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-03-27 | 上海派能能源科技股份有限公司 | Balanced drive circuit and electronic equipment |
| CN111781506A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-10-16 | 上海空间电源研究所 | High-precision adjustable lithium battery cell voltage control circuit |
| CN111781506B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2023-02-03 | 上海空间电源研究所 | High-precision adjustable lithium battery cell voltage control circuit |
| CN114336819A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-04-12 | 宁波中车新能源科技有限公司 | Two-stage active equalization circuit, method, module and device |
| CN114336819B (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2023-10-20 | 宁波中车新能源科技有限公司 | Two-stage active equalization circuit, method, module and device |
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Application publication date: 20130424 |