CN103063615A - Roughness measuring instrument based on parabolic reflector, and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Roughness measuring instrument based on parabolic reflector, and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103063615A CN103063615A CN2012105828724A CN201210582872A CN103063615A CN 103063615 A CN103063615 A CN 103063615A CN 2012105828724 A CN2012105828724 A CN 2012105828724A CN 201210582872 A CN201210582872 A CN 201210582872A CN 103063615 A CN103063615 A CN 103063615A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a roughness measuring instrument based on a parabolic reflector, and solves the defects of no special instrument for detecting the parabolic reflector to detect mirror surface situations of the parabolic reflector in time and effectively in a conventional technology of cleaning the parabolic reflector regularly and timely. Time in the prior art solution, regular cleaning parabolic reflector and for detecting no professional equipment parabolic reflector parabolic reflector mirror situation timely and effective detection of defects. The roughness measurement instrument comprises a rotating mechanism for installing the parabolic reflector and driving the parabolic reflector to track sunlight, a detection mechanism which follows the rotating mechanism and is used for recording radiation intensity reflected by the parabolic reflector and the radiation intensity of the sunlight, and a control system for treating and controlling the rotating mechanism and the detection mechanism, wherein the detection mechanism comprises two horizontally arranged radiometers with opposite radiation receiving surfaces. The invention also discloses a measuring method of the roughness measuring instrument based on the instrument. The roughness measuring instrument fills a blank of no special roughness measuring instrument for groove parabolic reflector in the prior art, and the roughness measuring instrument has very high practical applicability and creativity, so that the roughness measuring instrument is very suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the trough type solar power generation field, specifically, is a kind of in order to detect the smooth finish measuring instrument of parabolic mirror minute surface pollution condition.
Background technology
Along with the continuous quickening of China's process of industrialization, energy resource consumption and electricity needs also present the trend of rapid growth.China is not only consuming the non-renewable resources such as coal sharp take coal as main electric structure, has a strong impact on but also environment caused, to such an extent as to China is faced with the severe challenge of energy resources and environment two aspects.Greatly develop too can, renewable green, the clean energy resource such as wind energy and biomass energy can effectively than the consumption of low-resource and the energy, safeguard environment.
At present, the high-temperature solar generating has had large-scale commercial applications application experience for many years, and is wherein ripe with the groove type solar electricity generation system.The groove type solar parabolic collector is the vitals in the trough type solar power generation system, and the collecting efficiency of heat collector directly affects the generating efficiency of power plant, and it mainly is comprised of parabolic mirror, solar receiver and support three parts.And the optically focused effect of parabolic mirror is trough type solar heat-collector important technology index.Sun power heat build-up light field places the open air, and operating mode is comparatively abominable, therefore is easy to be subject to the impact of environmental factor; In the long-term course of work, the minute surface of parabolic mirror can be subject to dust makes its light gathering efficiency reduce with other pollutant effects, and then cause the whole system decrease in efficiency, in order to guarantee the efficient operation of heat collector, need regularly parabolic mirror to be carried out minute surface and clean.
In the prior art, minute surface for parabolic mirror cleans the mode that usually adopts periodic cleaning, this mode can not be determined scavenging period according to the actual pollution condition of parabolic mirror minute surface, it is difficult to the cleanliness of good maintenance parabolic mirror minute surface, lack certain science, and do not have on the market corresponding parabolic mirror minute surface pollution detection device.
Summary of the invention
The defective that the object of the invention is to overcome in the prior art not the equipment that parabolic mirror minute surface pollution condition in the trough type solar power generation system is in time detected, provide a kind of simple in structure, realize convenient, detect in time, the scientific and effective smooth finish measuring instrument of testing result.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Smooth finish measuring instrument based on parabolic mirror, this smooth finish measuring instrument comprises that parabolic mirror is installed and drives the rotating mechanism that it follows the tracks of sunshine, follow rotating mechanism motion and in order to the radiation intensity that records parabolic mirror reflects and the testing agency of solar radiation intensity, and in order to control the control system of rotating mechanism and testing agency.
This smooth finish measuring instrument also comprises the PLC that the angle of incidence of sunlight degree is provided.
Further, described testing agency comprises two horizontal radiation gauges that are connected with described rotating mechanism by fixed frame, and the radiation receiving surface of the two is opposite.
Further, described rotating mechanism comprises rotation axis, and the actuating unit that rotates in order to drive rotation axis; Described fixed frame then is installed on the rotation axis.
Usually, described actuating unit comprises the servomotor that is arranged on rotation axis one end, and the speed reduction unit that is connected with servomotor; Described servomotor, speed reduction unit be connected successively with rotation axis and the three coaxial.
In order better to realize the present invention, also be provided with scrambler at the other end of described rotation axis.
Simultaneously, on described fixed frame, also be provided with to gather the obliquity sensor of fixed frame degree of rotation.
In order to make things convenient for the installation of parabolic mirror, described fixed frame one end and rotation axis are fastenedly connected, described radiation gauge then is installed in the other end relative with rotation axis, and one of them is positioned at the framework of fixed frame radiation gauge, and it is outer and be arranged on the side of fixed frame that another radiation gauge then is positioned at the framework of fixed frame.
Further, this smooth finish measuring instrument also comprises installing the fixed mechanism of rotating mechanism, and this fixed mechanism comprises the control box housing in order to apparatus control system, and is arranged on the mounting bracket on this control box housing; Described rotation axis then is arranged on this mounting bracket and is flexibly connected with it.
Measuring method based on the smooth finish measuring instrument of parabolic mirror may further comprise the steps:
(1) parabolic mirror is installed on the rotation axis;
(2) PLC provides angle of incidence of sunlight degree information to control system;
(3) control system makes its drive radiation gauge and parabolic mirror follow the tracks of sunshine by servomotor, speed reduction unit control rotation axis;
(4) information of scrambler and obliquity sensor feedback fixed frame rotational angle is to control system, and judge by control system whether the fixed frame rotational angle is correct, no, then rotation axis is correlated with and controls, until meeting, follows the tracks of till the operation fixed frame rotational angle;
(5) two radiation informations that radiation gauge will receive separately feed back to control system;
(6) the control system comparing calculation of being correlated with, and judge whether parabolic mirror needs cleaning, is, then send cleaning and report to the police.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention adopts two horizontal radiation gauges, at rotation axis fixed installation parabolic mirror to be detected, the radiation receiving surface of one of them radiation gauge is over against parabolic mirror, and the radiation receiving surface of another radiation gauge is over against sunshine, radiation gauge all keeps relative static with parabolic mirror, because the incident angle of sunshine changes, two radiation gauges and parabolic mirror drive transmission by rotation axis, thereby sunshine is followed the tracks of, by the radiation intensity contrast of recording on two radiation gauges, can draw mirror surface cleaning degree or the dustiness of parabolic mirror, this is difficult to the ability and the actual contrast that receives solar radiation that pinpoint technical indicator is converted into the mirror reflects solar radiation to this device with the mirror surface cleaning degree of parabolic mirror or dustiness, adopt numeral to carry out relative recording, the minute surface situation of parabolic mirror is by generally becoming directly perceived, the testing result science, effectively, ability and the actual correlative value that receives solar radiation by the mirror reflects solar radiation, can judge whether parabolic mirror needs cleaning, thereby so that the parabolic mirror minute surface is cleaned timely, make it remain best duty, avoided fully regularly, the drawback of periodic cleaning;
(2) the present invention also is provided with the high precision dip sensor on fixed frame, its rotational angle with fixed frame feeds back to control system, whether the angle of being calculated the fixed frame rotation by control system is suitable, correctly, and then whether the rotational angle of judging radiation gauge and parabolic mirror is correct, and the while also is provided with scrambler on rotation axis, this scrambler is converted into electric signal in order to the rotational displacement with rotation axis and feeds back to control system, calculated by control system again, judge, whether radiation gauge and parabolic mirror be consistent with the incident angle of sunshine, the two use that combines of obliquity sensor and scrambler, effectively guaranteed the rotation degree of accuracy of equipment, thereby guaranteed the degree of accuracy of equipment Inspection, improved the practical value of smooth finish measuring instrument;
(3) radiation receiving surface of two radiation gauges is opposite among the present invention, one of them is positioned at the framework of fixed frame and over against parabolic mirror, another radiation gauge is then over against sunshine, and it is positioned at outside the framework of fixed frame, parabolic mirror is then according in fixed frame, Each performs its own functions for two radiation gauges, effectively avoids receiving simultaneously the radiation of mirror reflects and the defective of solar radiation, further improved the measuring accuracy of this measuring instrument;
(4) plastic-blasting formed after the corresponding component in the fixed mechanism all adopted the section bar welding among the present invention, and fixed frame then adopts again zinc-plated finishing of the rear finishing of quality steel plate welding, has guaranteed this measuring instrument running precision in the course of the work;
(5) the present invention also is provided with travel switch on fixed frame, in order to limiting the rotational angle of fixed frame, and soft spacing based on scrambler, avoid the travel switch fault to cause accident, thereby guaranteed the normal operation of equipment;
(6) the present invention is simple in structure, compact, and realizes very conveniently, for it promotes the use on a large scale, has established solid foundation;
(7) the present invention has filled up the blank of the groove type paraboloid catoptron smooth finish measuring equipment that does not have specialty in the prior art, not only has novelty, and has very high practicality and creativeness, on the other hand, based on the powerful development trend of cleaning new energy, this equipment has wide market outlook and huge economic benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
In the above-mentioned accompanying drawing, the name that Reference numeral is corresponding is called: 1-fixed frame, 2-radiation gauge, 3-rotation axis, 4-servomotor, 5-speed reduction unit, 6-scrambler, 7-control box housing, 8-mounting bracket, 9-parabolic mirror.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment
Smooth finish measuring instrument based on parabolic mirror, this measuring instrument is for the defective of the minute surface situation pick-up unit of the parabolic mirror that does not have specialty in the prior art, with the core of two radiation gauges 2 as this device, by the radiation intensity of contrast parabolic mirror reflects and the actual emanations intensity of sunshine, judge mirror surface cleaning situation or the pollution condition of parabolic mirror, thereby determine the scavenging period of parabolic mirror minute surface.Describe with the principle of work of a kind of simple mathematical model to measuring instrument in the present embodiment: in the situation that minute surface cleans fully, if i is over against the radiation gauge of parabolic mirror and ratio over against the radiation gauge of sunshine, in the situation that minute surface is subjected to dust to hide (mirror surface cleaning is influenced), establish i
0For over against the radiation gauge of parabolic mirror and ratio over against the radiation gauge of sunshine, with i and i
0Compare, draw formula: △=i
0/ i; Then according to setting a reference value (as: 0.7), be reference when △ is less than or equal to this numerical value of 0.7(, can revise) time, system begins dust is hidden the requirement cleaning of reporting to the police, it has reflected the minute surface situation of parabolic mirror in time, and the operation that the staff is correlated with according to testing result has overcome the drawback of timing, periodic cleaning in the prior art.
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, the smooth finish measuring instrument mainly is comprised of three parts, and it is respectively: the testing agency that comprises two radiation gauges 2, follow the tracks of the rotating mechanism of the sun in order to drive testing agency, and control, process the control system of above-mentioned two mechanisms.Wherein, parabolic mirror 9 to be detected is installed on the rotating mechanism, it keeps relative static with two radiation gauges 2, and the radiation receiving surface of one of them radiation gauge 2 is over against parabolic mirror, and solar energy is comprehensive must to be received by radiation gauge 2 to guarantee that parabolic mirror 9 is gathered.
Specifically, rotating mechanism adopts rotation axis 3 in the present embodiment, and carries out electronic control by servomotor 4,5 pairs of rotation axiss of speed reduction unit 3, for simplified structure, servomotor 4, speed reduction unit 5 are coaxial with rotation axis 3 threes, and its control procedure is then processed by control system.Drive device that radiation gauge 2 and parabolic mirror rotate and also can realize the purpose of the institute's rotation axis that adopts 3 structures drive radiation gauge 2 in the present embodiment and parabolic mirror rotation, for example: take a fixed axis or not fixed axis as rotating shaft, and realize the within the specific limits device of locus conversion, such as rolling disc, swivel becket etc., in view of the diversity of equipment, such device is difficult to exhaustive.The present embodiment adopts rotation axis 3 as the critical piece of rotating mechanism, is to be a kind of preferred version.
In the present embodiment, two radiation gauges 2 all are fastenedly connected by a fixed frame 1 and rotation axis 3, and keep relatively static, and two radiation gauges 2 are horizontal; Described fixed frame 1 can adopt the framework of triangle-frame, rectangular frame or other shape changeables, and it adopts again zinc-plated finishing of the rear finishing of quality steel plate welding, has guaranteed this measuring instrument running precision in the course of the work.The version of fixed frame 1 and can guarantee that radiation gauge 2 follows the version of rotation axis 3 motion and all can under the prerequisite that does not affect the radiation gauge received radiation; Parabolic mirror 9 is positioned at fixed frame 1, preferred version as a kind of mounting means, in order to guarantee that two radiation gauges 2 all can record radiation intensity effectively, accurately, the radiation gauge 2 that wherein is right against parabolic mirror 9 is positioned at fixed frame 1, another radiation gauge 2 in order to the record solar light radiation intensity then is positioned at fixed frame 1 outside, is arranged on the side of fixed frame 1.Need to prove, this kind connected mode and version all are preferred versions, the installation site of above-mentioned fixed frame 1 and parabolic mirror all can suitably be improved under the prerequisite that does not affect the normal operation of this measuring instrument, as: respectively draw a fixed mount or line at the two ends of parabolic mirror, one of them radiation gauge 2 is fixed on the caustic surface of parabolic mirror, can much more as far as possible or accept the radiation that parabolic mirror reflects fully, another radiation gauge 2 then is fixed on the rotation axis 3 by support, or under the prerequisite that does not affect radiation gauge record degree of accuracy that another radiation gauge is relative with parabolic mirror fixing, make the two maintenance relatively static, and make radiation gauge can follow the parabolic mirror motion.But the principle that said structure changes is that two radiation gauges 2 must be on the same straight line, and horizontally.
In order better to realize the present invention, guarantee the accuracy of detection of measuring instrument, obliquity sensor also is installed on fixed frame 1, this obliquity sensor feeds back to control system with the rotational angle of fixed frame 1, whether the angle of then being rotated by the control system judgment device is correct, to guarantee facing to the radiation gauge 2 of sunshine and parabolic mirror 9 all the time over against sunshine.On this basis, the present embodiment also is equipped with a scrambler 6 at an end of rotation axis 3, in order to the rotation precision of further raising fixed frame 1, thereby improves the accuracy of detection of whole equipment; On the other hand, the scrambler use that combines with travel switch in order to limiting the rotational angle of fixed frame, and based on the soft limit function of scrambler, has been avoided the travel switch fault to cause accident, thereby has been guaranteed the normal operation of equipment.
On the basis of aforementioned structure, the present embodiment has also designed a fixed mechanism in order to simplify the one-piece construction of smooth finish measuring instrument, makes its structure compacter.Plastic-blasting formed after this fixed mechanism adopted the section bar welding, it comprises the control box housing 7 in order to apparatus control system, and be arranged on mounting bracket 8 on this control box housing 7, this mounting bracket 8 has the straight plate of through hole for the upper end, be respectively arranged with mounting bracket 8 in control box housing 7 relative both sides, 3 of rotation axiss pass described through hole and mounting bracket 8 is flexibly connected.
The concrete measuring method of this smooth finish measuring instrument is as follows:
One, parabolic mirror is installed on the rotation axis;
Two, PLC provides angle of incidence of sunlight degree information to control system; This PLC is common apparatus of the art, and it can according to astronomical algorithm, calculate the incident angle of sunshine with the residing corresponding longitude of equipment, latitude; This PLC can be placed on Master Control Room, also can be placed on separately in the control box housing to consist of the part of smooth finish measuring instrument;
Three, control system is rotated by servomotor, speed reduction unit control rotation axis, and its drive radiation gauge and parabolic mirror are followed the tracks of sunshine;
Four, the relevant information of scrambler and obliquity sensor feedback fixed frame rotational angle is to control system, and judge by control system whether the fixed frame rotational angle is correct, no, then rotation axis is correlated with and controls, until meeting, follows the tracks of till the operation fixed frame rotational angle;
Five, two radiation gauges radiation information that will receive separately feeds back to control system;
Six, the control system comparing calculation of being correlated with, and judge whether parabolic mirror needs cleaning, is, then send cleaning and report to the police.
Before measuring instrument is followed the tracks of sunshine, at home, arrive the sunrise time, namely begin to follow the tracks of, and do not stop all the time (Autumnal Equinox to the Spring Equinox stage oil pump start-up time between at day, with sunrise time phase difference approximately 30 minutes, wouldn't follow the tracks of, by the time begin again between at sunrise to follow the tracks of), in the situation that sun intensity is enough or sun undercapacity but adopt astronomical algorithm to follow the tracks of without unusual weather.Blow, rain, snow, the anomalous weather signal such as hail is responsible for providing by the weather station, and passed on the PLC by the RS485 communication by host computer.Arrive sunset time, follow the tracks of and finish, can stop to follow the tracks of, equipment returns home with hedging speed.
According to above-described embodiment, can well realize the present invention.What deserves to be explained is, the present invention adopts two radiation gauges as the core of measuring instrument, it is consistent with the actual sunshine that receives that it is based on the sunshine that parabolic mirror in theory reflects, the solar radiation that design main points of the present invention are parabolic mirror reflects compares with the solar radiation that receives in theory, according to these main points, if adopt in order to receive the measurement mechanism of distribution of light, one of them is in order to gather the distribution situation of parabolic mirror institute reflection ray, another is in order to gather the distribution of light situation of sunshine incident, and by corresponding control system the two is compared calculating, also can realize the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. based on the smooth finish measuring instrument of parabolic mirror, it is characterized in that: this smooth finish measuring instrument comprises that parabolic mirror is installed and drives the rotating mechanism that it follows the tracks of sunshine, follow rotating mechanism motion and radiation intensity and the testing agency of solar radiation intensity in order to record parabolic mirror reflects, and in order to process, to control the control system of rotating mechanism and testing agency.
2. the smooth finish measuring instrument based on parabolic mirror according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this smooth finish measuring instrument also comprises the PLC that the angle of incidence of sunlight degree is provided.
3. the smooth finish measuring instrument based on parabolic mirror according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described testing agency comprises two horizontal radiation gauges (2) that are connected with described rotating mechanism by fixed frame (1), and the radiation receiving surface of the two is opposite.
4. the smooth finish measuring instrument based on parabolic mirror according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described rotating mechanism comprises rotation axis (3), and the actuating unit that rotates in order to drive rotation axis (3); Described fixed frame (1) then is installed on the rotation axis (3).
5. the smooth finish measuring instrument based on parabolic mirror according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the obliquity sensor that also is provided with to gather fixed frame (1) degree of rotation on described fixed frame (1).
6. the smooth finish measuring instrument based on parabolic mirror according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described actuating unit comprises the servomotor (4) that is arranged on rotation axis (3) one ends, and the speed reduction unit (5) that is connected with servomotor (4); Described servomotor (4), speed reduction unit (5) be connected successively with rotation axis (3) and the three coaxial.
7. according to claim 4 or 5 or 6 described smooth finish measuring instruments based on parabolic mirror, it is characterized in that: the other end at described rotation axis (3) also is provided with scrambler (6).
8. the smooth finish measuring instrument based on parabolic mirror according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described fixed frame (1) one end and rotation axis (3) are fastenedly connected, described radiation gauge (2) then is installed in the other end relative with rotation axis (3), and one of them is positioned at the framework of fixed frame (1) radiation gauge (2), and it is outer and be arranged on the side of fixed frame (1) that another radiation gauge (2) then is positioned at the framework of fixed frame (1).
9. the smooth finish measuring instrument based on parabolic mirror according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: this smooth finish measuring instrument also comprises installing the fixed mechanism of rotating mechanism, this fixed mechanism comprises the control box housing (7) in order to apparatus control system, and is arranged on the mounting bracket (8) on this control box housing (7); Described rotation axis (3) then is arranged on the upper also with it flexible connection of this mounting bracket (8).
10. based on the measuring method of the smooth finish measuring instrument of parabolic mirror, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) parabolic mirror is installed on the rotation axis;
(2) PLC provides angle of incidence of sunlight degree information to control system;
(3) control system makes its drive radiation gauge and parabolic mirror follow the tracks of sunshine by servomotor, speed reduction unit control rotation axis;
(4) information of scrambler and obliquity sensor feedback fixed frame rotational angle is to control system, and judge by control system whether the fixed frame rotational angle is correct, no, then rotation axis is correlated with and controls, until meeting, follows the tracks of till the operation fixed frame rotational angle;
(5) two radiation informations that radiation gauge will receive separately feed back to control system;
(6) the control system comparing calculation of being correlated with, and judge whether parabolic mirror needs cleaning, is, then send cleaning and report to the police.
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| CN201210582872.4A CN103063615B (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | Roughness measuring instrument based on parabolic reflector, and measuring method thereof |
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| CN201210582872.4A CN103063615B (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | Roughness measuring instrument based on parabolic reflector, and measuring method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105548213A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-05-04 | 中广核太阳能开发有限公司 | Mirror surface cleanliness analyzer and mirror surface cleanliness analysis method |
| CN109142333A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2019-01-04 | 北京乐普医疗科技有限责任公司 | A kind of detection system to fail for reflector on chemical illumination immunity analysis instrument |
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Effective date of registration: 20210112 Address after: 195a, 17 houyongkang Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing Patentee after: TIANWEI NEW ENERGY SYSTEM ENGINEERING BEIJING Co.,Ltd. Address before: 610000 No.1 Tianwei Road, Industrial Development Zone, Southwest Airport Economic Development Zone, Shuangliu County, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province Patentee before: Tianwei (Chengdu) Solar Thermal Power Development Co.,Ltd. |