CN103063349B - External electromagnetic excitation small vibrating barrel pressure pickup - Google Patents

External electromagnetic excitation small vibrating barrel pressure pickup Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103063349B
CN103063349B CN201210578110.7A CN201210578110A CN103063349B CN 103063349 B CN103063349 B CN 103063349B CN 201210578110 A CN201210578110 A CN 201210578110A CN 103063349 B CN103063349 B CN 103063349B
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resistance
vibrating barrel
operational amplifier
coil
pick
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CN103063349A (en
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宋继红
郭军
李拉兔
栗宏波
秦杰
王文霞
岳明
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Taiyuan Aero Instruments Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric magnetization vibration cylinder pressure transducer, be specifically related to a kind of external electromagnetic excitation small vibrating barrel pressure pickup, solve the problem that existing electric magnetization vibrating cylinder sensor can not meet miniature requirement.Its involving vibrations cartridge module and circuit unit, vibrating barrel assembly comprises protection cylinder, vibrating barrel, drive coil and pick-up coil, and drive coil and pick-up coil divide two to being fixed in space cross-shaped symmetrical on protection cylinder.The present invention realizes the data-collection function of the Miniaturization Design of vibration cylinder pressure transducer, and measuring accuracy is better than 0.05%FS, can be used for pressure survey and Ground Meteorological, the pressure checking fields of measurement of airborne air data system.

Description

External electromagnetic excitation small vibrating barrel pressure pickup
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric magnetization vibrating cylinder sensor, be specifically related to a kind of external electromagnetic excitation small vibrating barrel pressure pickup.
Background technology
Existing electric magnetization vibration cylinder pressure transducer structure be the responsive inner barrel of diameter 18mm place one group in the electric magnetization of right-angled intersection and Vibration pickup realize sensor data-collection function.Electric magnetization principle utilizes the conversion of electricity---magnetic---power transfer principle practical function, built-in manner 18mm vibrating barrel structural principle, as shown in Figure 1, vibrating barrel is the thin wall metal cylinder of a direct feeling pressure, one is respectively had to encourage with pick-up coil by support vertical placement separated by a distance in cylinder, in single coil excitement frame center, a magnetic conductive rod is housed, has a Permanentmagnet bar at pick-up hub of a spool, coil the two poles of the earth and barrel keep certain interval.When energized, electric current flows through drive coil, the electromagnetic force produced makes barrel vibrate and produces radial micro-displacement, the gap of barrel and pick-up coil changes simultaneously, induced potential is produced at pick-up coil, its change frequency equals the natural frequency of barrel vibration, amplifies process and is connected to drive coil, form closed loop positive feedback through suitable signal.When different pressure p acts on resonance barrel, cylindrical shell resonance frequency changes, and by the change of resonance frequency, and obtains tested force value.
This kind of sensor physical dimension and resistance to shock can not meet the miniature requirement of existing airborne and measurement instrument.By to the structure analysis of miniaturized products and the test analysis of same kind of products at abroad, miniaturization structure can effectively improve sensor resistance to shock.At present along with domestic air data system by centralized towards miniaturization, distributed and embedded future development, the less pressure transducer of volume must be adopted just to meet the demands.Current miniaturization vibration cylinder pressure transducer and silicon resonance pressure sensor meet this to require and feasible best sensor options.Domestic sensor that can be independently supporting also only has vibration cylinder pressure transducer, but extended stationary periods is in 18mm vibration cylinder pressure transducer level, because domestic miniaturization vibration cylinder pressure transducer technical development relative delay causes our small-sized air data system to tend to when selecting sensor select external silicon resonant transducer, the external silicon piezoresistive transducer that the temperature stabilization performance that even volume is also less is relatively poor, sensor is as core product, face the restriction of external arm sale, Generation of Airborne Technical Development Requirement we must turn to complete autonomous innovation from dependence on import.In addition, the vibrating cylinder sensor of miniaturization also can be used for the multichannel Stress control of airborne engine, replaces original piezoresistive silicon sensor, has possessed that precision is high, stable performance, has been easy to digitized advantage.
Summary of the invention
The present invention can not meet the problem of miniature requirement in order to solve existing electric magnetization vibrating cylinder sensor, provide a kind of external electromagnetic excitation small vibrating barrel pressure pickup.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
A kind of external electromagnetic excitation small vibrating barrel pressure pickup; involving vibrations cartridge module and circuit unit; described vibrating barrel assembly comprises protection cylinder, vibrating barrel, drive coil and pick-up coil; described protection jacket casing is located at outside vibrating barrel; cavity between vibrating barrel and protection cylinder is vacuum; the upper end of vibrating barrel is airtight is free end; vibrating barrel lower end is fixedly connected with protection cylinder; vibrating barrel lower end connects gas source, it is characterized in that described drive coil and pick-up coil divide two to being fixed in space cross-shaped symmetrical on protection cylinder.
Drive coil installation site is at 1/2nd places of vibrating barrel length dimension, and the axial spacing of pick-up coil installation site and drive coil installation site is 2mm, and the minimum spacing of drive coil and pick-up coil and vibrating barrel sensitive element is 0.1 ~ 0.2 mm.
The lower end non-sensitive part of described vibrating barrel is fixed on and connects on the collar; protection cylinder also be connected the collar and be fixedly connected with; connect collar footprint and connect spray nozzle of atmospheric pressure, spray nozzle of atmospheric pressure one end connects gas source, and the spray nozzle of atmospheric pressure other end is communicated with vibrating barrel inside by connecting the collar.
Weld in the endoporus of the lower end non-sensitive part Snap joint collar of described vibrating barrel.
Mounting temperature sensor in described spray nozzle of atmospheric pressure.
Described single coil excitement and pick-up coil comprise enameled wire and skeleton, and enameled wire is around on skeleton; A coil plug is respectively equipped with in frame center, and coil plug is made up of a magnetic core and a magnetic conductive rod.
Described vibrating barrel, protection cylinder and the connection collar select constant modulus alloy, and samarium-cobalt alloy selected by magnetic core, and magnetic conductive rod selects magnetically soft alloy, and air pressure connects mouth and selects stainless steel.
Described vibrating barrel assembly two ends clamp respectively by fixed support, and vibrating barrel assembly stack shell bottom is placed circuit unit and is fixed on two fixed supports by trip bolt.
Described circuit unit comprises operational amplifier U1, operational amplifier U2, operational amplifier U3, operational amplifier U4, triode U5, triode U6 and by resistance R16, resistance R15 dividing potential drop branch road in series, and dividing potential drop branch road two ends are parallel with the parallel branch of electric capacity C5, C6, the end of oppisite phase of operational amplifier U1 is connected with pick-up signal input part 1 through resistance R1, electric capacity C1, and resistance in series R3 between end of oppisite phase and output terminal, pick-up signal input part 1 is through the parallel branch ground connection of resistance R2 and electric capacity C2, the in-phase end of operational amplifier U1 is through electric capacity C3 ground connection, and the output terminal of operational amplifier U1 is connected with the end of oppisite phase of operational amplifier U2 through electric capacity C4, resistance R4, the output terminal of operational amplifier U2 is connected with triode U6 base stage through resistance R6, and be connected with pumping signal output terminal 4 through electric capacity C7, resistance R8, and the collector of resistance in series R5 between end of oppisite phase and output terminal, triode U6 is connected with frequency output terminal 8, grounded emitter, the output terminal of operational amplifier U3, be connected with the cathode power supply end of operational amplifier U1, and through resistance R9, resistance R7 ground connection, and connected node between resistance R9, resistance R7 connects respectively at the in-phase end of operational amplifier U1, U2, be in series with the parallel branch of resistance R11, electric capacity C9 between the output terminal of operational amplifier U3 and end of oppisite phase, the in-phase end of operational amplifier U3 is connected with the connected node between resistance R16, resistance R15, the output terminal of operational amplifier U4 is connected with temperature and pressure output terminal 10, and be connected with the end of oppisite phase of operational amplifier U3 through resistance R10, resistance in series R12 between the end of oppisite phase of operational amplifier U4 and output terminal, the end of oppisite phase of operational amplifier U4 is through resistance R18, resistance R17 is connected with temperature signal input 6, and through resistance R13, the parallel branch ground connection of resistance R14, wherein, resistance R18, resistance R17, resistance R13, resistance R14 forms electric bridge, series capacitance C8 between the end of oppisite phase of operational amplifier U4 and in-phase end, the in-phase end of operational amplifier U4 is connected with+5V power end 12, triode U5 base earth, collector connects+5V power end 12, and emitter is connected with the connected node between resistance R18, resistance R17.
External electromagnetic excitation small vibrating barrel pressure pickup of the present invention take Thin-Wall Cylindrical Shells as the equivalent stiffness of resonant sensitive element, tested pressure change Thin-Wall Cylindrical Shells, thus changes its natural frequency.The measurement to pressure just can be realized by the natural frequency detecting Thin-Wall Cylindrical Shells.
Hinge structure of the present invention has following beneficial effect: achieving the responsive barrel designs diameter of electromagnetism external excitation small vibrating barrel pressure pickup is 9mm; excitation and Vibration pickup divide two groups of symmetries to be positioned on the protection cylindrical shell of responsive cylindrical shell outside, thus realize the data-collection function of the Miniaturization Design of vibration cylinder pressure transducer.Measuring accuracy of the present invention is better than 0.05%FS, measure pressure 20 ~ 2620hPa, operating temperature range-55 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C, physical dimension :≤47 × 37 × 29mm3, can be used for pressure survey and Ground Meteorological, the pressure checking fields of measurement of airborne air data system.
Small electrical pressure sensor of magnetic excitation vibrating cylinder of the present invention is because having digital output, long-time stability are good, low sluggishness, reproducible and precision advantages of higher, there is the feature of the residence army residence people, can be used as the regeneration product of existing vibration cylinder pressure transducer, all kinds of novel airborne air data system can be widely used in, military all kinds of strategy, tactical missile, unmanned spacecraft, the measurement of flying posture of spacecraft etc. controls, also can be used for exploitation, produce portable pressure measuring instrument, surface atmospheric pressure calibration equipment, all kinds of barometric surveying instruments etc., its product is in such as civil aviaton, play a part very important in the high-precision pressure testing tools such as the meteorological pressure test that Headquarters of the General Staff system uses, in measurement accuracy and applicability, there is the advantage that other pressure transducer cannot replace completely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing electric and magnetic oscillation barrel pressure pickup,
Fig. 2 is outside drawing of the present invention,
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2,
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of coil bar magnet,
Fig. 5 is the appearance schematic diagram of vibrating barrel assembly,
Fig. 6 is the inner structure schematic diagram of vibrating barrel assembly,
Fig. 7 is the circuit theory diagrams of circuit unit,
In figure: 1-protects cylinder, 2-vibrating barrel, 3-drive coil, 4-pick-up coil, 5-support framework; 6-pedestal, 7-temperature sensor, 8-fixed support, 9-vibrating barrel assembly, 10-magnetic core; 11-magnetic conductive rod, 12-vacuum chamber, 13-connects the collar, and 14-air pressure connects mouth, 15-circuit unit.
Embodiment
By reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, primarily of vibrating barrel assembly and circuit unit two parts composition, two fixed supports in vibrating barrel assembly two ends clamp one-piece construction of the present invention, and stack shell bottom is placed circuit unit and is fixed on two fixed supports by trip bolt.Fixed by fixed support corner mounting screw and auxiliary products, cylindrical shell can be solved and swing the excessive and problem of vibration resistance difference that is that bring due to the single-ended stack shell that fixedly causes, improve resistance to shock.The present invention can realize sensor one-piece construction physical dimension and be reduced into 47 × 37 × 29mm3 by original about 115 × 40 × 30mm3, and vibrating barrel component external diameter is reduced into 15mm by original about 24mm, and sensor weight is reduced to 65g by about 125g.At measurement pressure 20 ~ 2620hPa, within the scope of working temperature-55 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C, measuring accuracy is better than 0.05%FS.The present invention adopts constant modulus alloy spinning drawing process to manufacture Thin-Wall Cylindrical Shells sensitive element, its frequency-temperature coefficient≤± 10 × 10-6/ DEG C (-60 DEG C ~ 125 DEG C), the excitation that outer symmetrical is placed and pick-up coil ensure that the hoop wave number of sensor is 4, axially half wave number is the work vibration shape of 1, the excitation chain matched with it makes sensor keep autovibration, the resonance frequency of sensor changes with pressure, thus realizes pressure survey.
Embodiment: concrete structure is as follows.
1, vibrating barrel assembly, as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, mainly composed as follows.
1), vibrating barrel
Vibrating barrel wall thickness and length difference, its tonometric scope is different, and pressure measurement sensitivity is also not identical, and output characteristics also there are differences, and this vibrating barrel output frequency is about 8kHz ~ 12kHz.The upper end of vibrating barrel is airtight, is free end, and lower end is fixed on and connects on the collar.Weld in the endoporus of the lower end non-sensitive part Snap joint collar of vibrating barrel sensitive element, the diameter of base endoporus is 10 ~ 15mm, height: 4 ~ 6mm; The wall thickness of the non-sensitive part of vibrating barrel sensitive element is 0.04 ~ 0.06mm, diameter is 9mm, height is 24 ~ 32mm.
2), cylinder is protected
Cavity between vibrating barrel and protection cylinder is evacuated, as pressure reference standard.When being imported into the cavity of vibrating barrel inside by measuring pressure, vibrating barrel just can experience the size of absolute pressure.Protection cylinder outer dia is 15mm; height is 30 ~ 38mm; protection cylinder to be connect together with fixed Combination by adapter sleeve boxing with between vibrating barrel and ensures well airtight; protection cylinder and coil block ensure well airtight by being welded and fixed, and top is left diameter and is about the aperture of 1.5mm as the sealing vacuumized.
3), coil block
Coil block comprises drive coil, pick-up coil; excitation and pick-up coil are positioned in shell; divide two to being fixed on the protection cylindrical shell of responsive cylindrical shell outside in space cross-shaped symmetrical by welding manner; with the electromagnetic coupled effect prevented or as far as possible between minimizing two coils; drive coil position is at 1/2nd places of corresponding vibrating barrel length dimension, and pick-up coil position and drive coil position axis are about 2mm to location interval.Housing exterior diameter 8.5mm, high 6mm, bottom thickness is less than 0.25mm, and being installed on after protection cylinder barrel with the minimum spacing of vibrating barrel sensitive element is 0.1 ~ 0.2 mm.Single coil excitement and pick-up coil groups become: enameled wire is around on skeleton; A coil plug is respectively equipped with in frame center, and coil plug is made up of a magnetic core and a magnetic conductive rod.Magnetic core is made up of permanent magnetic material, and bar magnet is made up of soft magnetic material, can play the effect assembling the magnetic line of force, see Fig. 4.
4), air pressure connects mouth
Air pressure connect mouth by connect the collar with vibrating barrel, protect cylinder to connect, inside installation temperature-sensitive diode is as temperature sensor.
2, material is composed as follows:
1) vibrating barrel, protection cylinder, the connection collar
In order to reduce temperature error, the material that vibrating barrel Material selec-tion frequency-temperature coefficient and temperature coefficient of the elastic modulus are extremely low.Because adopting electromagnetic exciting method, material must be magnetic, so still select constant modulus alloy, its alloy composition weight ratio is Cr:5.2 ~ 5.8%, Ni:43.0 ~ 44.0%, Ti:2.3 ~ 2.7%, Al:0.5 ~ 0.8% Fe: surplus, it has long-term magnetic stability.Consider that cylindrical shell boundary condition is on the impact of sensor frequency stability, with the vibrating barrel joining connection collar with protect cylinder should have identical frequency-temperature coefficient and thermal expansivity, the two and vibrating barrel select identical constant modulus alloy material.
2) coil block
Coil block magnetic core is selected has comparatively high magnetic flux density, high-coercive force, and temperature Curie point is high, the samarium-cobalt alloy of the better feature of temperature stability, and the relative permeability that magnetic conductive rod is selected closes all larger magnetically soft alloy of magnetic induction density with full.Internal electro-solenoid is wound in polyamide skeleton by copper enameled wire and makes.
3) air pressure connects mouth
Consider environmental resistance, select common stainless steel material.
3, circuit is composed as follows:
Circuit chief component is amplifying circuit, shaping circuit and temperature-compensation circuit.
Amplifying circuit is the major part that closed loop realizes, it is a positive-feedback circuit meeting phase place and amplitude perturbations, first input signal is carried out impedance transformation, then introduce power supply DC component at the 1st grade of amplifier and AC signal is carried out one-level amplification, 2nd grade of major control loop gain, adjustment output amplitude, reach capacity output, and add adjustable link, play the effect of adjustment phase place and gain size.Shaping circuit adopts triode to export after frequency signal shaping with Transistor-Transistor Logic level, temperature-compensation circuit adopts temp diode to realize the compensation of temperature, its output voltage by with input supply voltage after comparing amplification for amplifier provides operating voltage, play the temperature variant effect of blanketing frequency simultaneously.
Concrete structure is as follows:
Circuit is made up of level Four operational amplifier and comparer, and the input end 1 of operational amplifier U1 connects with pick-up coil through electric capacity C1, resistance R1, a termination pick-up signal after resistance R2, electric capacity C2 parallel connection, other end ground connection.2 pin of operational amplifier U1 and the indirect resistance R3 of 1 pin.Another input end 2 of U1 is directly connected with the input end 5 of operational amplifier U2, ground connection after being simultaneously connected in series with electric capacity C3.Output terminal 1 pin and electric capacity C4 and the resistance R4 of operational amplifier U1 are connected in series and are connected with 6 pin of amplifier U2 afterwards.7 pin through U2 after signal amplifies export.Be connected with drive coil after this output signal is connected in series with C7, R8 thus form closed loop self-excitation positive-feedback circuit, this output signal exports with Transistor-Transistor Logic level through U6 shaping after being connected in series with R6 simultaneously.The ground connection other end access of temp diode one end is by R13, R14, and in the electric bridge of R17, R18 composition, voltage stabilizing diode one end ground connection, a termination+5V power supply, output terminal is connected between R17 and R18, a termination+5V power supply after C5, C6 parallel connection, one end ground connection.+ 5V power supply is connected to 3 pin of U3 after R16 dividing potential drop, meanwhile, and ground connection after contacting with R15.5 pin of U4 are connected with+5V, and its 6 pin is connected with bridge output, and U4 output terminal 7 is connected with 2 pin of U3 after resistance R10, and the operational amplifier U1 that exports to of U3 powers.Ground connection after simultaneously contacting with R9, R7.

Claims (6)

1. an external electromagnetic excitation small vibrating barrel pressure pickup, involving vibrations cartridge module and circuit unit, described vibrating barrel assembly comprises protection cylinder (1), vibrating barrel (2), drive coil (3) and pick-up coil (4), described protection cylinder (1) is sheathed on outside vibrating barrel (2), cavity between vibrating barrel (2) and protection cylinder (1) is vacuum, the upper end of vibrating barrel (2) is airtight is free end, vibrating barrel (2) lower end is fixedly connected with protection cylinder (1), vibrating barrel (2) lower end connects gas source, it is characterized in that described drive coil (3) and pick-up coil (4) divide two to being fixed in protection cylinder (1) in space cross-shaped symmetrical,
The lower end non-sensitive part of described vibrating barrel (2) is fixed on and connects on the collar (13); protection cylinder (1) also be connected the collar (13) and be fixedly connected with; connect the collar (13) bottom and connect spray nozzle of atmospheric pressure (14); spray nozzle of atmospheric pressure (14) one end connects gas source; spray nozzle of atmospheric pressure (14) other end is communicated with (2) portion in vibrating barrel by connecting the collar (13)
Spray nozzle of atmospheric pressure (14) interior mounting temperature sensor (7);
Described circuit unit comprises operational amplifier U1, operational amplifier U2, operational amplifier U3, operational amplifier U4, triode U5, triode U6 and by resistance R16, resistance R15 dividing potential drop branch road in series, and dividing potential drop branch road two ends are parallel with the parallel branch of electric capacity C5, C6, the end of oppisite phase of operational amplifier U1 is connected with pick-up coil through resistance R1, electric capacity C1, and resistance in series R3 between end of oppisite phase and output terminal, pick-up coil is through the parallel branch ground connection of resistance R2 and electric capacity C2, the in-phase end of operational amplifier U1 is through electric capacity C3 ground connection, and the output terminal of operational amplifier U1 is connected with the end of oppisite phase of operational amplifier U2 through electric capacity C4, resistance R4, the output terminal of operational amplifier U2 is connected with triode U6 base stage through resistance R6, and be connected with drive coil through electric capacity C7, resistance R8, and the collector of resistance in series R5 between end of oppisite phase and output terminal, triode U6 is connected with frequency output terminal (8), grounded emitter, the output terminal of operational amplifier U3, be connected with the cathode power supply end of operational amplifier U1, and through resistance R9, resistance R7 ground connection, and connected node between resistance R9, resistance R7 connects respectively at the in-phase end of operational amplifier U1, U2, be in series with the parallel branch of resistance R11, electric capacity C9 between the output terminal of operational amplifier U3 and end of oppisite phase, the in-phase end of operational amplifier U3 is connected with the connected node between resistance R16, resistance R15, the output terminal of operational amplifier U4 is connected with temperature and pressure output terminal (10), and be connected with the end of oppisite phase of operational amplifier U3 through resistance R10, resistance in series R12 between the end of oppisite phase of operational amplifier U4 and output terminal, the end of oppisite phase of operational amplifier U4 is through resistance R18, resistance R17 is connected with temperature sensor, and through resistance R13, the parallel branch ground connection of resistance R14, wherein, resistance R18, resistance R17, resistance R13, resistance R14 forms electric bridge, series capacitance C8 between the end of oppisite phase of operational amplifier U4 and in-phase end, the in-phase end of operational amplifier U4 is connected with+5V power end (12), triode U5 base earth, collector connects+5V power end (12), and emitter is connected with the connected node between resistance R18, resistance R17.
2. external electromagnetic excitation small vibrating barrel pressure pickup according to claim 1, it is characterized in that 1/2nd places of drive coil (3) installation site at corresponding vibrating barrel (2) length dimension, the axial spacing of pick-up coil (4) installation site and drive coil (3) installation site is 2mm, and drive coil (3) and pick-up coil (4) are 0.1 ~ 0.2 mm with the minimum spacing of vibrating barrel sensitive element.
3. external electromagnetic excitation small vibrating barrel pressure pickup according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that welding in the endoporus of the lower end non-sensitive part Snap joint collar (13) of described vibrating barrel (2).
4. external electromagnetic excitation small vibrating barrel pressure pickup according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described drive coil (3) and pick-up coil (4) comprise enameled wire and skeleton, enameled wire is around on skeleton; A coil plug is respectively equipped with in frame center, and coil plug is made up of a magnetic core (10) and a magnetic conductive rod (11).
5. external electromagnetic excitation small vibrating barrel pressure pickup according to claim 4; it is characterized in that described vibrating barrel (2), protection cylinder (1) and connect the collar (13) selecting constant modulus alloy; samarium-cobalt alloy selected by magnetic core (10); magnetic conductive rod (11) selects magnetically soft alloy, and air pressure connects mouth (14) and selects stainless steel.
6. external electromagnetic excitation small vibrating barrel pressure pickup according to claim 5, it is characterized in that described vibrating barrel assembly (9) two ends are respectively by fixed support (8) clamping, vibrating barrel assembly (9) stack shell bottom is placed circuit unit and is fixed on two fixed supports by trip bolt.
CN201210578110.7A 2012-12-27 2012-12-27 External electromagnetic excitation small vibrating barrel pressure pickup Active CN103063349B (en)

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CN108759918B (en) * 2018-05-30 2020-10-23 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Vibration-stress composite sensor for monitoring flange bolt of wind power tower
CN110411630A (en) * 2019-08-02 2019-11-05 西安微电子技术研究所 A kind of vibration cylinder pressure transducer and its characteristic compensation method
CN114563123B (en) * 2022-04-28 2022-09-09 成都凯天电子股份有限公司 External excitation type vibration cylinder pressure sensor and pressure calculation method thereof

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US4102209A (en) * 1977-06-17 1978-07-25 United Technologies Corporation Temperature compensated vibrating cylinder pressure transducer
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