CN103063238A - Full-fiber sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interference - Google Patents
Full-fiber sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interference Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full-fiber sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interference. The full-fiber sensor based on the Mach-Zehnder interference comprises a first single mode fiber, a multimode optical fiber, a fine structure optical fiber and a second single mode fiber, wherein the first single mode fiber, the multimode optical fiber, the fine structure optical fiber and the second single mode fiber are sequentially combined and welded, a core layer of the first single mode fiber is smaller than that of the multimode optical fiber, a core layer of the multimode optical fiber is welded with a core layer and a partial covering layer of the fine structure optical fiber, and a core layer of the fine structure optical fiber is smaller than that of the second single mode fiber. The full-fiber sensor is quite simple in structure, low in price, and capable of being achieved by only utilizing of a simple welding method. The full-fiber sensor is quite wide in sensing application field, can achieve measure parameters, such as external temperature, refractive index, liquid level and axial stress, and is beneficial to achieving large-scale production application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the seismic event monitoring, health care, the sensory fields such as environmental monitoring are specifically related to a kind of full Fibre Optical Sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZI) principle.
Background technology
Fibre Optical Sensor, compare with traditional machinery, electrical type sensor, possess its unique advantage: electromagnetic interference (EMI) simple in structure, anticorrosive, anti-, highly sensitive, be convenient to integrated and remote control etc., at seismic survey, there is widely potential application in the aspects such as health care and environmental monitoring.Sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZI) principle is a class important in the Fibre Optical Sensor, than traditional sensor class based on fiber grating (FBG), its technological process is simpler, peak value is demarcated more flexible, sensitivity is higher, purposes is more extensive, has become the focus of sensory field of optic fibre research.Mainly concentrate at present the research of special optical fiber and special construction sensor based on the sensing Study of An of this principle, price is relatively expensive, and complex structure is difficult to realize large-scale production and application.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of full Fibre Optical Sensor based on Mach Zehnder interferometry, overcome traditional photonic crystal fiber based on special optical fiber such as various structures, or the price comparison of special construction Fibre Optical Sensor is expensive, complicated structure, make relatively difficulty, and the defective that is difficult to realize large-scale production application.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of full Fibre Optical Sensor based on Mach Zehnder interferometry, it is characterized in that, described full Fibre Optical Sensor comprises: the first single-mode fiber, multimode optical fiber, fine structure optical fiber and the second single-mode fiber, described the first single-mode fiber-multimode optical fiber-fine structure optical fiber-second single-mode fiber sequential combination welding; The sandwich layer of described the first single-mode fiber is less than the sandwich layer of multimode optical fiber, and the sandwich layer of described the first single-mode fiber and part covering are with the sandwich layer welding of multimode optical fiber; The sandwich layer of the sandwich layer of described multimode optical fiber and fine structure optical fiber and the welding of part covering; The sandwich layer of described fine structure optical fiber is less than the sandwich layer of the second single-mode fiber, the sandwich layer of the sandwich layer of described the second single-mode fiber and fine structure optical fiber and the welding of part covering; Described the first single-mode fiber, the second single-mode fiber are respectively as incident optical and the transmission optical fiber of light source.Multimode optical fiber excites the fine structure optical fibers at cladding mode as mode coupler, and its length is greater than zero; Fine structure optical fiber is effective sensing unit, and its sandwich layer and cladding diameter are all little than general single mode fiber.
Above-mentioned full Fibre Optical Sensor is to utilize the sensing of transmission spectrum to come tested object.The similar technology design, the invention allows for a kind of full Fibre Optical Sensor based on Mach Zehnder interferometry, it is characterized in that, described full Fibre Optical Sensor comprises: the first single-mode fiber, multimode optical fiber, fine structure optical fiber and the second single-mode fiber, described the first single-mode fiber-multimode optical fiber-fine structure optical fiber-second single-mode fiber sequential combination welding; The sandwich layer of described the first single-mode fiber is less than the sandwich layer of multimode optical fiber, and the sandwich layer of described the first single-mode fiber and part covering are with the sandwich layer welding of multimode optical fiber; The sandwich layer of the sandwich layer of described multimode optical fiber and fine structure optical fiber and the welding of part covering; The sandwich layer of described fine structure optical fiber is less than the sandwich layer of the second single-mode fiber, the sandwich layer of the sandwich layer of described the second single-mode fiber and fine structure optical fiber and the welding of part covering, and the right side of described the second single-mode fiber has been carried out planing and has been processed; The right side of described the second single-mode fiber planished or coating film treatment as catoptron; Described the first single-mode fiber is as incident optical and the mirror based fiber optica of light source.This full Fibre Optical Sensor that carries out sensing testing based on reflectance spectrum can be made into small-sized sensing head.
Further optimize, removed described the second single-mode fiber in described the first single-mode fiber-multimode optical fiber-fine structure optical fiber-second single-mode fiber sequential organization, the right side of described fine structure optical fiber planished or coating film treatment as catoptron.This full Fibre Optical Sensor that carries out sensing testing based on reflectance spectrum can be made into more small-sized sensing head.
Above-mentioned the first single-mode fiber is identical with the second single-mode fiber kind, all is general single mode fiber.Multimode optical fiber is common multimode optical fiber.Described welding realizes by common optical fiber splicer welding.
Analytic method of the present invention is to utilize Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZI) principle to realize to external world environmentally sensitive.Following formula has just illustrated this structure is how to realize sensing based on the MZI principle.
I wherein
CoreAnd I
CladRepresent respectively the sandwich layer pattern of fine structure optical fiber and the light intensity of cladding mode.φ 2 π Δ n
EffL/ λ is that fine structure optical fiber center core layer pattern and cladding mode light transmission range are the phase differential behind the L; λ is the wavelength at transmission light place; L represents the fine structure fiber lengths.Δ n
EffThe sandwich layer pattern of fine structure optical fiber and the effective refractive index difference between the cladding mode.From formula (1) as can be known, when the phase differential that transmits between two kinds of patterns was the π of φ=(2m+1), transmitting energy intensity was minimum, and this moment, peak valley was m rank damping peak.Calculate as can be known according to top formula, m rank damping peak wavelength can be expressed as:
By top formula (2) as can be known, cause the poor Δ n of effective refractive index of sandwich layer pattern and cladding mode when the variation of external environment
EffOr the length L of sensor is when changing, and m rank damping peak wavelength will drift about, on the contrary, the drift value of damping peak wavelength has shone upon certain external environment, comprises ambient temperature, refractive index, liquid level, and axial stress etc. parameter, the variable quantity of generation.Therefore, just can utilize the drift value of observing the damping peak wavelength to monitor the variation of external environment.
Advantage of the present invention is that to be to have designed first a kind of structure very simple, low price, and only utilizing simple welding process is attainable full Fibre Optical Sensor.In addition, its Application in Sensing field is also very extensive, can realize to external world temperature, refractive index, liquid level, and axial stress etc. the measurement of parameter.The characteristics that just are being based on these aspects help to promote it and realize large-scale production application.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments technical scheme of the present invention is further described in detail.
Fig. 1 is full optical fibre sensor structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
The 1-the first single-mode fiber 1,2-multimode optical fiber wherein, 3-fine structure optical fiber, the 4-the second single-mode fiber.White portion represents the covering of optical fiber among the figure, and grey color part is fiber core layer.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, by the sequential combination connection of the first single-mode fiber 1-multimode optical fiber 2-fine structure optical fiber 3-the second single-mode fiber 4, the first single-mode fiber 1 is identical with the second single-mode fiber 4 kinds, all is general single mode fiber.Multimode optical fiber 2 is common multimode optical fibers.The sandwich layer of the first single-mode fiber 1 is less than the sandwich layer of multimode optical fiber 2, and the sandwich layer of the first single-mode fiber 1 and part covering are with the sandwich layer welding of multimode optical fiber 2; The sandwich layer of the sandwich layer of multimode optical fiber 2 and fine structure optical fiber 3 and the welding of part covering; The sandwich layer of fine structure optical fiber 3 is less than the sandwich layer of the second single-mode fiber 4, the sandwich layer of the sandwich layer of the second single-mode fiber 4 and fine structure optical fiber 3 and the welding of part covering.
Select wide spectrum light source (C+L wave band) as incident light source, after light enters to inject multimode optical fiber 2 sandwich layers from left end the first single-mode fiber 1 sandwich layer, because the different mould field mismatch effects that cause from fine structure optical fiber 3 sandwich layer radius size of sandwich layer radius of multimode optical fiber 2, the light of part energy will be coupled into the covering of fine structure optical fiber 3, and excite cladding mode wherein, in covering, propagate.In like manner, at microtexture optical fiber 3-the second single-mode fiber 4 welds, the microtexture optical fibers at cladding mode of a part will be coupled into the sandwich layer of the second single-mode fiber 4, and the light of these cladding modes will enter with microtexture fiber core layer Mode Coupling the light emergence pattern interference of the second single-mode fiber 4 sandwich layers.This mainly is that its propagation coefficient is different, thereby exists certain phase differential to form interference because two-way light is propagated in different dielectric layers.
As everyone knows, it is relevant that the effective refractive index of covering and sandwich layer and the external environment that touches change, and changing environment is when identical, and the variable quantity of the two is different.So, when external environment changes will so that the fine structure fibre cladding with the sandwich layer effective refractive index is poor changes, the phase differential that two-way light transmits changes, so that interference spectum generation drift phenomenon.Receive the emergent light of the second single-mode fiber 4 by spectrometer, can be correlated with the to external world measurement of sensing parameter of the drift value of observed and recorded interference spectum upward peak.
The full optical fibre sensor structure and the above-mentioned full optical fibre sensor structure based on transmission spectrum that the present invention is based on reflectance spectrum are basic identical.The nuance part only is that output is respectively transmitted spectrum and reflectance spectrum, and its principle and implementation all are that those skilled in the art can understand and realize, so do not give unnecessary details.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. full Fibre Optical Sensor based on Mach Zehnder interferometry, it is characterized in that, described full Fibre Optical Sensor comprises: the first single-mode fiber, multimode optical fiber, fine structure optical fiber and the second single-mode fiber, described the first single-mode fiber-multimode optical fiber-fine structure optical fiber-second single-mode fiber sequential combination welding; The sandwich layer of described the first single-mode fiber is less than the sandwich layer of multimode optical fiber, and the sandwich layer of described the first single-mode fiber and part covering are with the sandwich layer welding of multimode optical fiber; The sandwich layer of the sandwich layer of described multimode optical fiber and fine structure optical fiber and the welding of part covering; The sandwich layer of described fine structure optical fiber is less than the sandwich layer of the second single-mode fiber, the sandwich layer of the sandwich layer of described the second single-mode fiber and fine structure optical fiber and the welding of part covering; Described the first single-mode fiber, the second single-mode fiber are respectively as incident optical and the transmission optical fiber of light source.
2. full Fibre Optical Sensor based on Mach Zehnder interferometry, it is characterized in that, described full Fibre Optical Sensor comprises: the first single-mode fiber, multimode optical fiber, fine structure optical fiber and the second single-mode fiber, described the first single-mode fiber-multimode optical fiber-fine structure optical fiber-second single-mode fiber sequential combination welding; The sandwich layer of described the first single-mode fiber is less than the sandwich layer of multimode optical fiber, and the sandwich layer of described the first single-mode fiber and part covering are with the sandwich layer welding of multimode optical fiber; The sandwich layer of the sandwich layer of described multimode optical fiber and fine structure optical fiber and the welding of part covering; The sandwich layer of described fine structure optical fiber is less than the sandwich layer of the second single-mode fiber, the sandwich layer of the sandwich layer of described the second single-mode fiber and fine structure optical fiber and the welding of part covering, the right side of described the second single-mode fiber planished or coating film treatment as catoptron; Described the first single-mode fiber is as incident optical and the mirror based fiber optica of light source.
3. the full Fibre Optical Sensor based on Mach Zehnder interferometry according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, removed described the second single-mode fiber in described the first single-mode fiber-multimode optical fiber-fine structure optical fiber-second single-mode fiber sequential organization, the right side of described fine structure optical fiber planished or coating film treatment as catoptron.
4. according to claim 1 to one of 3 described full Fibre Optical Sensors based on Mach Zehnder interferometry, it is characterized in that described the first single-mode fiber is identical with the second single-mode fiber kind, all is general single mode fiber, and multimode optical fiber is common multimode optical fiber.
5. the full Fibre Optical Sensor based on Mach Zehnder interferometry according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described welding realizes by common optical fiber splicer welding.
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103345020A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-10-09 | 北京交通大学 | Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on three-core optical fiber |
| CN103344263A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-10-09 | 华中科技大学 | Interferometric fiber-optical sensor based on core shift structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103411542A (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2013-11-27 | 宁波大学 | Optical fiber micrometric displacement sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interference and manufacturing method of optical micrometric displacement sensor |
| CN103940455A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-07-23 | 华中科技大学 | All-fiber high accuracy sensor based on optical fiber multi-mode interference and application thereof |
| CN105698858A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-06-22 | 华中科技大学 | Bending direction judging optical fiber sensor capable of simultaneously measuring curvature and temperature |
| CN105784639A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-07-20 | 北京理工大学 | High-sensitivity refractive index sensor of photonic crystal fibers and production method |
| CN105806468A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-07-27 | 华中科技大学 | Fiber bragg grating vibration sensor and detection device thereof |
| CN106289600A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-01-04 | 江苏大学 | A kind of optical fiber stress sensor part |
| CN107748018A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-03-02 | 西北大学 | Fiber Bragg Grating temperature bend sensor based on Mach Zehnder interferometry |
| CN108195493A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-06-22 | 中国计量大学 | One kind is based on PCF Mach-Zehnder interferometers（MZI）Highly sensitive stress sensing device |
| CN108519126A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-09-11 | 天津理工大学 | The sensor of multi parameter simultaneous measuring based on multimode and wimble structure |
| CN110987230A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 华中科技大学 | Dual-parameter optical fiber sensing module, system and measuring method |
| WO2020118807A1 (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-06-18 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Temperature-insensitive mach-zehnder interferometer |
| CN111398222A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-07-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Optical fiber refractive index sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interferometry |
| CN113514165A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-10-19 | 武汉工程大学 | Device for simultaneously measuring curvature and temperature of optical fiber based on anti-resonance and multimode interference |
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Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103344263A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-10-09 | 华中科技大学 | Interferometric fiber-optical sensor based on core shift structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103344263B (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2015-12-02 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of interferometric optical fiber sensor based on core shift structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN103345020B (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2016-03-30 | 北京交通大学 | Based on the Mach-Zehnder interferometer of three core fibres |
| CN103345020A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-10-09 | 北京交通大学 | Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on three-core optical fiber |
| CN103411542A (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2013-11-27 | 宁波大学 | Optical fiber micrometric displacement sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interference and manufacturing method of optical micrometric displacement sensor |
| CN103411542B (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2016-04-27 | 宁波大学 | A kind of optical fiber micro-displacement sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interference and preparation method thereof |
| CN103940455A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-07-23 | 华中科技大学 | All-fiber high accuracy sensor based on optical fiber multi-mode interference and application thereof |
| CN103940455B (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2017-03-29 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of all -fiber high-precision sensor and its application based on optical fiber multiple-mode interfence |
| CN105698858B (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2018-03-09 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of fibre optical sensor for the curvature and temperature simultaneously measuring for differentiating bending direction |
| CN105698858A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-06-22 | 华中科技大学 | Bending direction judging optical fiber sensor capable of simultaneously measuring curvature and temperature |
| CN105784639A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-07-20 | 北京理工大学 | High-sensitivity refractive index sensor of photonic crystal fibers and production method |
| CN105806468A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-07-27 | 华中科技大学 | Fiber bragg grating vibration sensor and detection device thereof |
| CN106289600A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-01-04 | 江苏大学 | A kind of optical fiber stress sensor part |
| CN107748018A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-03-02 | 西北大学 | Fiber Bragg Grating temperature bend sensor based on Mach Zehnder interferometry |
| CN108195493A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-06-22 | 中国计量大学 | One kind is based on PCF Mach-Zehnder interferometers（MZI）Highly sensitive stress sensing device |
| CN108519126A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-09-11 | 天津理工大学 | The sensor of multi parameter simultaneous measuring based on multimode and wimble structure |
| WO2020118807A1 (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-06-18 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Temperature-insensitive mach-zehnder interferometer |
| CN110987230A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 华中科技大学 | Dual-parameter optical fiber sensing module, system and measuring method |
| CN111398222A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-07-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Optical fiber refractive index sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interferometry |
| CN113514165A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-10-19 | 武汉工程大学 | Device for simultaneously measuring curvature and temperature of optical fiber based on anti-resonance and multimode interference |
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Application publication date: 20130424 |