CN103063168B - Roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus and method - Google Patents
Roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103063168B CN103063168B CN201110383770.5A CN201110383770A CN103063168B CN 103063168 B CN103063168 B CN 103063168B CN 201110383770 A CN201110383770 A CN 201110383770A CN 103063168 B CN103063168 B CN 103063168B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus and method. Roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus comprises: the support of two vertically disposed columns; The cross tube and the sheer pole that between two supports, are fixedly connected with respectively level, on cross tube and sheer pole, correspondence offers through hole and lower through-hole respectively, and probe is vertically arranged in respectively in through hole and corresponding lower through-hole; Between probe and upper through hole and probe and lower through-hole, it is matched in clearance; The top of probe is provided with for preventing the backstop head of probe by upper through hole slippage, and the bottom of probe is provided with the top for contacting with earth's surface. Roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus provided by the invention, has improved measurement efficiency, and simple in structure, with low cost; The measurement in the place that the ground that can also adapt to the place of earth's surface covering vegetation or contact with support does not measure up, and can ensure good certainty of measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to surveying and mapping technology, relate in particular to a kind of roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus and method.
Background technology
Roughness of ground surface specifically characterizes by earth's surface root-mean-square height and two parameters of correlation length, and these two parameters areUndertaken obtaining after mathematical computations by the measured value (being roughness of ground surface parameter) of the height to earth's surface series of discrete point twoIndividual parameter.
The device of measuring roughness of ground surface parameter in prior art has laser section plotter and probe machine. Laser section plotter beOn the level board on one fixed support top, laser head is installed, when measurement, first by the level board leveling on support, is recycled laser headThe dull and stereotyped distance to ground of observation water obtains roughness of ground surface parameter by the value obtaining after converting vertically downward; Probe machine bagDraw together the probe of stake body and thin rod shape, the two ends of stake body are for being placed into ground support, and two stands is by level horizontal strokeBeam is fixed together, and on horizontal gird, offers the fixing preformed hole of multiple spacing (being generally 90～120), makesUsed time, first puts stake body surely in place to be measured, then probe is inserted in preformed hole one by one, then takes photo with camera, withFurther from photo, extract roughness of ground surface information.
Roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus of the prior art has following defect: laser section plotter expensive andWhen use, installation process wastes time and energy, and has a strong impact on measurement efficiency; On the other hand, in the time that earth's surface has a small amount of vegetation to cover, laserThe light beam that hair is penetrated can be directly reflected back by these vegetation, causes measured value not to the distance on earth's surface, and error is larger. Relatively sharpLight section plotter, probe machine price is more cheap, and can not affect because of a small amount of vegetation covering on earth's surface to be measured the precision of measured value,But, need to be by probe insertion preformed hole one by one in the time measuring, this fitting operation is very consuming time, has had a strong impact on surveyAmount efficiency, in addition, it is level that two supports of probe machine of the prior art require the ground directly contacting with support, otherwise,Be difficult to ensure the levelness of horizontal gird, thereby also affected the precision of the roughness of ground surface parameter value recording.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the above-mentioned defect of prior art, the present invention is to provide a kind of roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus, comprising:The support of two columns along vertical setting; Between two described supports, be fixedly connected with respectively cross tube and the bottom rail of levelBar, on described cross tube and sheer pole, correspondence offers multiple upper through holes and lower through-hole respectively, and multiple probes vertically wear respectivelyOn upper through hole on described cross tube and described sheer pole in corresponding lower through-hole; Described probe and described upper through hole and described inBetween probe and described lower through-hole, it is matched in clearance; The top of described probe is provided with for preventing that described probe is by described logicalThe backstop head of slippage in hole, the bottom of described probe is provided with the top for contacting with earth's surface, and described topCross-sectional area is greater than described lower through-hole.
It is thick that another aspect of the present invention is to provide a kind of earth's surface of above-mentioned roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus that utilizesRoughness parameter measuring method, comprising:
Support vertical is placed in to earth's surface place to be measured, the bottom of described support is pressed into the surface on earth's surface and ensures cross tubeBe horizontal with sheer pole, the top of the bottom of probe is contacted with earth's surface respectively;
Become the flat board of contrastive colours to be placed in the rear of described probe and support by one with the color of the backstop head on the top of probePlane as a setting;
The probe photo under described background plane is taken in dead ahead at described probe.
Roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus provided by the invention, without one by one probe being inserted, simplifies in use againFitting operation, improved measurement efficiency, and simple in structure, with low cost; In addition, this earth's surface roughness parameter measurement mechanism energyEnough adapt to earth's surface and cover the place of vegetation, and the measurement in the place that do not measure up, the ground contacting with support, and can ensure goodGood certainty of measurement.
Roughness of ground surface measurement method of parameters provided by the invention, can cover the earth's surface of vegetation or be difficult to find useIn the level ground of placing instrument support of the prior art, gather easily and quickly earth's surface roughness parameter, improve measurementEfficiency, has ensured certainty of measurement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is cross tube in Fig. 1 or the top view of sheer pole
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the probe in Fig. 1.
1-support; 12-cross tube; 13-sheer pole;
The upper through hole of 121-; 131-lower through-hole; 2-probe;
21-backstop head; 22-top; 14-horizontal top plate;
3-tri-bubble levelers; 31-bubble; 141-trip bolt;
10-stent substrate; 15-bulge mark point.
Detailed description of the invention
The present embodiment provides a kind of roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus, please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, comprising: two along hanging downTo the support 1 of the column arranging, the side of the bottom of support is lozenges; Between two supports 1, be fixedly connected with respectively waterFlat cross tube 12 and sheer pole 13, on cross tube 12 and sheer pole 13, correspondence offers multiple upper through holes 121 and lower logical respectivelyHole 131, multiple probes 2 are vertically arranged in respectively lower through-hole 131 corresponding on upper through hole 121 on cross tube 12 and sheer pole 13In; Between probe 2 and upper through hole 121 and probe 2 and lower through-hole 131, it is matched in clearance; The top of probe 2 is provided with for preventingProbe is by the backstop of slippage in upper through hole 21, and the bottom of probe is provided with the top 22 for contacting with earth's surface, and supportsThe cross-sectional area at top 22 is greater than lower through-hole.
Particularly, support 1 can be two quadrangulars that shape and size are identical, the size of its cross section can be 25 ×15 (mm), the length that its height can be a bit larger tham probe 2, wherein, the length of the height of support 1 and probe 2 is according to earth's surface to be measuredVegetation coverage condition set so that the vegetation top that the backstop at probe 2 tops 21 can cover in earth's surface to be measured place; ?Excellent ground, the side of the bottom of support 1 can be wedge shape side, with labour-saving very, support 1 is pressed into the surface on earth's surface, thereby justJust, fast by cross tube 12 and sheer pole 13 leveling, and can adapt to be on surface the measurement on the ground of ridge shape.
Cross tube 12 and sheer pole 13 are connected between two stands 1, and ensure that cross tube 12 and sheer pole 13 all hang downStraight and support 1, the distance of the bottom of sheer pole 13 distance bracket 1 can be greater than the poor of earth's surface to be measured place's minimum point and peakValue, the distance of cross tube 12 and sheer pole 13 is not done concrete restriction, to ensure that probe 2 is vertically located in upper through hole 121 and lower logicalIn hole 131, optimally, the distance between cross tube 12 and sheer pole 13 can be probe 2 length 1/3rd toBetween 1/2nd; The shape of upper through hole 121 and lower through-hole 131 can be circular or square, but needs to ensure between probe 2Matched in clearance, so that probe 2 can be free to slide along vertical in upper through hole 121 and lower through-hole 131, optimally, when upper through hole121, when the cross section of lower through-hole 131 and probe 2 is circle, between the hole wall and probe 2 of upper through hole 121 and lower through-hole 131Gap can be 0.5mm. The backstop on probe 2 tops 21 can be for being fixedly connected on probe 2 tops or becoming with probe 2 oneThe cross-sectional area that type is made is greater than the block of through hole 121, so that backstop 21 can be resisted against around upper of through hole 121The end face of cross bar 12, prevents that probe 2 is by landing downwards in upper through hole 121; The top 22 of probe 2 bottoms can be cross-sectional areaBe greater than the flat board of probe 2, to contact with earth's surface, prevent that meticulous probe 2 from inserting the surface on earth's surface, and cause under certainty of measurementFall.
The roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus that the present embodiment provides, is located in cross tube 12 and sheer pole 13 by activityIn probe 2, and Position Design to probe 2, makes utilizing this earth's surface roughness measuring device to measure roughness of ground surfaceWhen parameter (height of earth's surface series of discrete point), only need to prop up to be placed on earth's surface to be measured, and without one by one probe being inserted again,Simplify fitting operation, improved measurement efficiency; And this earth's surface roughness parameter measurement mechanism can adapt to earth's surface and cover vegetationPlace, and the measurement in the place that do not measure up, the ground contacting with support, ensures certainty of measurement, meanwhile, easy to carry, systemMake with low cost.
In the above-described embodiments, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the top of two supports 1 is by being parallel to the level of cross tube 12Top board 14 is fixedly connected with, and is fixedly embedded with one or three bubble levelers 3 on the end face of horizontal top plate 14; , can be in horizontal top plate 14End face on the size of corresponding three bubble levelers 3 offer a groove, and offer screwed hole on the ground of this groove, by three bubblesHorizon rule is put into after this groove, then by trip bolt 141, three bubble levelers 3 is spirally connected fixing. Three bubble levelers 3 canShow the residing levelness of this earth's surface roughness parameter measurement mechanism, and can be conveniently by this by the instruction of three bubble levelers 3The leveling of roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus, further to ensure the levelness of cross tube and sheer pole, improves certainty of measurement.
In an embodiment of the present invention, also comprise that one is vertically fixedly installed on support 1, sheer pole 13 and horizontal top plate 14Towards the stent substrate 10 of unidirectional side, stent substrate 10 does not contact between the surface of probe 2 and probe 2; AndThe color of the color of stent substrate 10 and backstop 21 is contrastive colours. That is, stent substrate 10 can be rectangular flat, and can pass through willTwo stands 1, horizontal top plate 14 and sheer pole 13 are fixedly connected on respectively four limits place on the same surface of this rectangular flat, top railBar 12 equally also can be fixedly installed on the surface of this rectangular flat, the position of parallel sheer pole 13, but upper through hole 121 and underThrough hole 131 also should ensure vertical corresponding one by one, so that probe 2 vertically arranges. Optimally, the color of stent substrate 10 can be blackLook, simultaneously the color of backstop 21 can be white, so that there is strong contrast in the photo of shooting, facilitates follow-up in realityTest the image processing step that carry out chamber.
In the above-described embodiments, probe 2 is bicycle spoke, and the bent-up end of bicycle spoke is cut formation shearing end,The multilayer tape being wound around on shearing end is as backstop 21, and the bar that is spirally connected on the other end of bicycle spoke is female is top 22;Directly utilize bicycle spoke making probe, the probe good rigidly, the volume that make are little, quality is light, and manufacture process is simply squareJust, be conducive to further reduce manufacturing cost.
Further, in horizontal top plate 14 on the side of probe, or at stent substrate the surface towards probe 2Upper and be provided with two color projection marks different from stent substrate that are positioned on same level straight line above backstop 21Will point 15, can put bulge mark 15 color and be arranged to and the obvious color of stent substrate 10 contrast, for example, and when support baseWhen plate 10 is black, bulge mark can be put to 15 and be arranged to silver color, for calibrate each representative in the photo of shootingThe actual height of the pixel representative of backstop head.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of earth's surface that utilizes the roughness of ground surface measurement mechanism that above-described embodiment providesRoughness parameter measuring method, comprising:
Step 501, support 1 is vertically placed in to earth's surface place to be measured, the bottom of support 1 is pressed into the surface on earth's surface and ensuresCross tube 12 and sheer pole 13 are horizontal, and the top 22 of the bottom of probe 2 is contacted with earth's surface respectively.
The concrete operations of above-mentioned steps are as follows, and support 1 is vertically placed in to earth's surface place to be measured, observe three bubble levelers 3On the position of bubble 31, according to the position of the drift condition adjusting pole 1 of the position of bubble 31, until three bubble levelers 3Reveal competence top board 14 is in level completely; , when two marks of the observation area of bubble 31 in three bubble levelers 3, show that the direction position of this side indication is higher when in wherein one of line the outside, the support of this side 1 can be continued to pressing down, withTime observe bubble 31 trend, within two markings of the observation area of bubble 31 in three bubble levelers 3 time, show levelEnd face 14 is now horizontal at left and right directions. In like manner other two ensure respectively front and back and oblique bubble, when threeWhen bubble is all positioned at two markings centres, represent that this roughness parameter measurement mechanism is in substantially horizontal position. And thenThe inferior top 22 of checking all probes 2 all contacts with surveyed earth's surface.
Become the flat board of contrastive colours to be placed in the rear of probe 2 and support 1 by one with the color of the backstop on the top of probe 2 21Plane as a setting; For example, in the time that the color of backstop head is white, can adopt the plate of black or cloth to make background plane; WhenSo, if be provided with stent substrate 10 between support 1, can omit this step.
The probe photo under background plane is taken in dead ahead at probe 2.
The photo of shooting can be processed in laboratory, obtains required roughness of ground surface parameter, and then passes throughMathematical operation to roughness of ground surface value (earth's surface root mean square and surperficial relevant height), the concrete processing mode of aforesaid operations beThe common practise in field, does not repeat them here.
The roughness of ground surface measurement method of parameters that the present embodiment provides, can cover the earth's surface of vegetation and be difficult to look forTo the level ground for placing instrument support of the prior art, gather easily and quickly earth's surface roughness parameter, improveMeasure efficiency, ensured certainty of measurement.
Finally it should be noted that: above each embodiment, only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, is not intended to limit; To the greatest extentPipe has been described in detail the present invention with reference to aforementioned each embodiment, and those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it is complied withThe technical scheme that so can record aforementioned each embodiment is modified, or some or all of technical characterictic is wherein enteredRow is equal to replacement; And these amendments or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from various embodiments of the present invention technologyThe scope of scheme.
Claims (2)
1. a roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus, is characterized in that, comprising: the support of two columns along vertical setting; ?Between two described supports, be fixedly connected with respectively cross tube and the sheer pole of level, right respectively on described cross tube and sheer poleShould offer multiple upper through holes and lower through-hole, multiple probes be vertically arranged in respectively upper through hole on described cross tube and described underOn cross bar in corresponding lower through-hole; Between described probe and described upper through hole and described probe and described lower through-hole for joining in gapClose; The top of described probe is provided with for preventing the backstop head of described probe by described upper through hole slippage, described probeBottom is provided with the top for contacting with earth's surface, and the cross-sectional area of described top is greater than described lower through-hole; DescribedTop is the flat board that cross-sectional area is greater than described probe;
The top of two described supports is fixedly connected with by the horizontal top plate that is parallel to described cross tube, the top of described horizontal top plateOn face, be fixedly embedded with one or three bubble levelers;
Also comprise one be vertically fixedly installed on described support, described sheer pole and described horizontal top plate towards unidirectional sideThe stent substrate of face, described stent substrate does not contact between the surface of described probe and described probe; And described support baseThe color of the color of plate and described backstop head is contrastive colours;
In described horizontal top plate on the side of described probe, or at described stent substrate the surface towards described probeUpper and to be positioned at color on same level straight line different from described stent substrate being provided with two above described backstop headBulge mark point;
Described probe is bicycle spoke, and the bent-up end of described bicycle spoke is cut formation shearing end, on described shearing endThe multilayer tape being wound around is as described backstop head, and the bar being spirally connected on the other end of described bicycle spoke is female is described top;
The side of the bottom of described support is lozenges.
2. utilize a roughness of ground surface measurement method of parameters for the roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus described in claim 1,Be characterised in that, comprise:
Support vertical is placed in to earth's surface place to be measured, by the bottom of described support be pressed into earth's surface surface and ensure cross tube and underCross bar is horizontal, and the top of the bottom of probe is contacted with earth's surface respectively; Wherein, described top is cross-sectional areaBe greater than the flat board of described probe;
Become with the color of the backstop head on the top of probe one rear that the flat board of contrastive colours is placed in described probe and support asBackground plane;
The probe photo under described background plane is taken in dead ahead at described probe;
Described support vertical is placed in to earth's surface place to be measured, the bottom of described support is pressed into the surface on earth's surface and ensures cross tubeBe horizontal with sheer pole, the step that the top of the bottom of probe is contacted with earth's surface is respectively specially:
Described support vertical is placed in to earth's surface place to be measured, observes the position of the bubble on three bubble levelers, according to described waterThe drift condition of bubble is adjusted the position of described support, until described three bubble leveler reveal competence top boards are in completely horizontalState;
The top of guaranteeing the bottom of described probe contacts with earth's surface respectively;
Wherein, described probe is bicycle spoke, and the bent-up end of described bicycle spoke is cut formation shearing end, described shearingThe multilayer tape being wound around on end is as described backstop head, and the bar mother who is spirally connected on the other end of described bicycle spoke supports described in beingPortion; The side of the bottom of described support is lozenges.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110383770.5A CN103063168B (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2011-11-28 | Roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110383770.5A CN103063168B (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2011-11-28 | Roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus and method |
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| CN103063168A CN103063168A (en) | 2013-04-24 |
| CN103063168B true CN103063168B (en) | 2016-05-04 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103954258B (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2016-08-17 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Two-dimentional earth's surface based on GPU roughness parameter computational methods |
| CN104101289A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-15 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Instrument for recording surface undulation shape of rock mass structure surface |
| CN105651212A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-06-08 | 长安大学 | Soil surface roughness measuring device and method |
| CN106248004A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2016-12-21 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | A kind of earth's surface geometry roughness measuring device |
| CN107063138A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-08-18 | 东莞市圣荣自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of sighting device detected applied to plane planeness |
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| CN101236063A (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2008-08-06 | 兰州大学 | Soil surface roughness measurement method and apparatus |
| CN201188011Y (en) * | 2008-05-04 | 2009-01-28 | 刘禹琪 | Apparatus for measuring and controlling soil erosion |
| CN101776448A (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2010-07-14 | 北京大学 | Needle type roughmeter |
| CN101886904A (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2010-11-17 | 北京林业大学 | Slope rill erosion measurer |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63177002A (en) * | 1987-01-17 | 1988-07-21 | Shinichi Tamura | Method for detecting surface and microscope used therein |
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2011
- 2011-11-28 CN CN201110383770.5A patent/CN103063168B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101236063A (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2008-08-06 | 兰州大学 | Soil surface roughness measurement method and apparatus |
| CN201188011Y (en) * | 2008-05-04 | 2009-01-28 | 刘禹琪 | Apparatus for measuring and controlling soil erosion |
| CN101776448A (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2010-07-14 | 北京大学 | Needle type roughmeter |
| CN101886904A (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2010-11-17 | 北京林业大学 | Slope rill erosion measurer |
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