CN103063168A - Surface roughness parameter measurement device and method using the same - Google Patents
Surface roughness parameter measurement device and method using the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN103063168A CN103063168A CN2011103837705A CN201110383770A CN103063168A CN 103063168 A CN103063168 A CN 103063168A CN 2011103837705 A CN2011103837705 A CN 2011103837705A CN 201110383770 A CN201110383770 A CN 201110383770A CN 103063168 A CN103063168 A CN 103063168A
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Abstract
The invention provides a surface roughness parameter measurement device and a method using the surface roughness parameter measurement device. The surface roughness parameter measurement device comprises two vertically arranged column-shaped supports. A horizontal upper cross beam and a horizontal lower cross beam are fixedly connected between the two supports. An upper through hole and a lower through hole are respectively and correspondingly formed in the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam. A probe respectively and perpendicularly penetrates through the upper through hole and the corresponding lower through hole. The probe is respectively in clearance fit with the upper through hole and the lower through hole. The top end of the probe is provided with a stop head preventing the probe from slipping from the upper through hole. The lower end of the probe is provided with a top-abutting portion for being contacted with the ground surface. The surface roughness parameter measurement device is capable of improving measurement efficiency, being simple in structure, low in cost, adaptive to measurement of places covered with plants or places with uneven ground surfaces in contact with the supports and ensuring good measurement accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to surveying and mapping technology, relate in particular to a kind of roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus and method.
Background technology
Roughness of ground surface specifically characterizes by earth's surface root-mean-square height and two parameters of persistence length, and these two parameters are to carry out two parameters obtaining after the mathematical computations by the measured value (being the roughness of ground surface parameter) to the height of earth's surface series of discrete point.
The device of measuring the roughness of ground surface parameter in the prior art has laser section plotter and probe machine.The laser section plotter is at the leveling board on a fixed support top laser head to be installed, and first with the leveling board leveling on the support, the recycling laser head is the dull and stereotyped distance to ground of observation water vertically downward, and the value that obtains is obtained the roughness of ground surface parameter after converting during measurement; Probe machine comprises the probe of stake body and thin rod shape, the two ends of stake body are for being used for being placed into ground support, two stands is fixed together by horizontal gird, and offer the fixing preformed hole (being generally 90～120) of a plurality of spacings on the horizontal gird, in use, first stake body is put surely in place to be measured, be inserted into one by one probe in the preformed hole again, take photo with camera again, further from photo, to extract roughness of ground surface information.
Roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus of the prior art has following defective: the laser section plotter expensive and in use installation process waste time and energy, have a strong impact on measurement efficient; On the other hand, when the earth's surface had a small amount of vegetation to cover, the light beam of laser head emission can directly be reflected back by these vegetation, and causing measured value is not distance to the earth's surface, and error is larger.Relative laser section plotter, the probe machine price is more cheap, and can not affect because of a small amount of vegetation that covers on the earth's surface to be measured the precision of measured value, but, in need to be with probe insertion preformed hole one by one when measuring, this fitting operation is very consuming time, had a strong impact on measurement efficient, in addition, the ground that two supports require with support directly contacts of probe machine of the prior art is level, otherwise, be difficult to guarantee the levelness of horizontal gird, thereby also affected the precision of the roughness of ground surface parameter value that records.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the defects of prior art, the present invention provides a kind of roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus, comprising: two supports along the column of vertical setting; Between two described supports, be fixedly connected with respectively cross tube and the sheer pole of level, on described cross tube and the sheer pole respectively correspondence offer a plurality of upper through holes and lower through-hole, a plurality of probes vertically are arranged in respectively in the lower through-hole corresponding on upper through hole on the described cross tube and the described sheer pole; Be clearance fit between described probe and described upper through hole and described probe and the described lower through-hole; The top of described probe is provided with for preventing the backstop head of described probe by described upper through hole slippage, the bottom of described probe be provided with for contacted top, earth's surface, and the cross-sectional area of described top is greater than described lower through-hole.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of roughness of ground surface measurement method of parameters that utilizes above-mentioned roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus, comprising:
Support vertical is placed place, earth's surface to be measured, the bottom of described support is pressed into the surface on earth's surface and guarantees that cross tube and sheer pole are horizontal, the top of the bottom of probe is contacted with the earth's surface respectively;
Become as a setting plane, rear that the flat board of contrast colors places described probe and support with the color of the backstop head on the top of probe with one;
At the probe photo of the dead ahead of described probe shooting under described background plane.
Roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus provided by the invention need not one by one probe to be inserted in use again, has simplified fitting operation, has improved measurement efficient, and simple in structure, with low cost; In addition, this earth's surface roughness parameter measurement mechanism can adapt to the place that the earth's surface covers vegetation, and the measurement in the place that do not measure up, the ground that contacts with support, and can guarantee good measuring accuracy.
Roughness of ground surface measurement method of parameters provided by the invention, can be on the earth's surface that covers vegetation or be difficult to find level ground be used to placing instrument support of the prior art, gather easily and quickly the roughness of ground surface parameter, improved measurement efficient, guaranteed measuring accuracy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is cross tube among Fig. 1 or the vertical view of sheer pole
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the probe among Fig. 1.
The 1-support; The 12-cross tube; The 13-sheer pole;
The upper through hole of 121-; The 131-lower through-hole; The 2-probe;
21-backstop head; The 22-top; The 14-horizontal top plate;
3-three bubble levelers; The 31-bubble; The 141-trip bolt;
The 10-stent substrate; 15-bulge mark point.
Embodiment
Present embodiment provides a kind of roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus, please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, comprising: two supports 1 along the column of vertical setting, and the side of the bottom of support is lozenges; Between two supports 1, be fixedly connected with respectively cross tube 12 and the sheer pole 13 of level, on cross tube 12 and the sheer pole 13 respectively correspondence offer a plurality of upper through holes 121 and lower through-hole 131, a plurality of probes 2 vertically are arranged in respectively in the lower through-hole 131 corresponding on upper through hole 121 on the cross tube 12 and the sheer pole 13; Be clearance fit between probe 2 and upper through hole 121 and probe 2 and the lower through-hole 131; The top of probe 2 is provided with for preventing probe by the backstop of upper through hole slippage 21, the bottom of probe be provided with for contacted top 22, earth's surface, and the cross-sectional area of top 22 is greater than lower through-hole.
Particularly, support 1 can be two identical quadrangulars of shape and size, the size of its xsect can be 25 * 15 (mm), the length that its height can be a bit larger tham probe 2, wherein, the length of the height of support 1 and probe 2 is set according to the vegetation coverage condition on earth's surface to be measured, so that the backstop at probe 2 tops 21 can be in the vegetation top that place, earth's surface to be measured covers; Optimally, the side of the bottom of support 1 can be the wedge shape side, with labour-saving very support 1 is pressed into the surface on earth's surface, thereby easily and fast with cross tube 12 and sheer pole 13 leveling, and can adapt to the measurement that is the ground of ridge shape on the surface.
The roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus that present embodiment provides, be located in probe 2 in cross tube 12 and the sheer pole 13 by activity, and to the Position Design of probe 2, so that when utilizing this earth's surface roughness measuring device to measure roughness of ground surface parameter (height of earth's surface series of discrete point), only need to prop up to be placed on earth's surface to be measured, and need not one by one probe to be inserted again, simplified fitting operation, improved measurement efficient; And this earth's surface roughness parameter measurement mechanism can adapt to the place that the earth's surface covers vegetation, and the measurement in the place that do not measure up, the ground that contact with support, and the assurance measuring accuracy is easy to carry simultaneously, cheap for manufacturing cost.
In the above-described embodiments, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the top of two supports 1 is fixedly connected with by the horizontal top plate 14 that is parallel to cross tube 12, fixedly is embedded with one or three bubble levelers 3 on the end face of horizontal top plate 14; That is, can on the end face of horizontal top plate 14, the size of corresponding three bubble levelers 3 offer a groove, and offer threaded hole on the ground of this groove, three bubble levelers are put into this groove after, be spirally connected three bubble levelers 3 fixing by trip bolt 141 again.Three bubble levelers 3 can show the residing levelness of this earth's surface roughness parameter measurement mechanism, and can be conveniently with this earth's surface roughness parameter measurement mechanism leveling by the indication of three bubble levelers 3, with the levelness of further assurance cross tube and sheer pole, improve measuring accuracy.
In an embodiment of the present invention, comprise that also one vertically is fixedly installed on the stent substrate 10 towards unidirectional side of support 1, sheer pole 13 and horizontal top plate 14, stent substrate 10 does not contact towards between the surface of probe 2 and the probe 2; And the color of the color of stent substrate 10 and backstop 21 is contrast colors.Namely, stent substrate 10 can be rectangular flat, the place, four limits on same surface that can be by two stands 1, horizontal top plate 14 and sheer pole 13 being fixedly connected on respectively this rectangular flat, cross tube 12 equally also can be fixedly installed on the surface of this rectangular flat, the position of parallel sheer pole 13, but upper through hole 121 and lower through-hole 131 also should guarantee vertical corresponding one by one, so that probe 2 vertically arranges.Optimally, the color of stent substrate 10 can be black, and simultaneously the color of backstop 21 can be white, so that have strong contrast in the photo of shooting, the convenient follow-up image processing step that carries out in the laboratory.
In the above-described embodiments, probe 2 is bicycle spoke, and the bent-up end of bicycle spoke is cut the formation shearing end, and the multilayer tape that twines on the shearing end is as backstop 21, and the bar that is spirally connected on the other end of bicycle spoke is female to be top 22; Directly utilize bicycle spoke making probe, probe good rigidly, the volume that makes is little, quality is light, and manufacture process simple and convenient, be conducive to further reduce manufacturing cost.
Further, in horizontal top plate 14 on the side of probe, perhaps at stent substrate towards being provided with two color bulge mark points 15 different from the support body substrate that are positioned on the same level straight line on the surface of probe 2 and above backstop 21, bulge mark can be put 15 color is arranged to and the obvious color of stent substrate 10 contrasts, for example, when stent substrate 10 is black, bulge mark can be put 15 and be arranged to silver color, to be used for calibrating the true altitude that each represents the pixel representative of backstop head at the photo of shooting.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of roughness of ground surface measurement method of parameters that utilizes the roughness of ground surface measurement mechanism that above-described embodiment provides, and comprising:
Step 501, support 1 is vertically placed place, earth's surface to be measured, the bottom of support 1 is pressed into the surface on earth's surface and guarantees that cross tube 12 and sheer pole 13 are horizontal, the top 22 of the bottom of probe 2 is contacted with the earth's surface respectively.
The concrete operations of above-mentioned steps are as follows, support 1 is vertically placed place, earth's surface to be measured, observe the position of the bubble 31 on three bubble levelers 3, according to the position of the drift condition adjusting pole 1 of the position of bubble 31, until three bubble levelers, 3 reveal competence top boards 14 are in completely horizontality; Namely, when bubble 31 is in wherein one 's of two markings the outside of observation area of three bubble levelers 3, the direction position that shows this side indication is higher, the support 1 of this side can be continued to pressing down, observe simultaneously the trend of bubble 31, when bubble 31 is within two markings of observation area of three bubble levelers 3, show that horizontal top surface is horizontal at left and right directions for 14 this moments.In like manner other two guarantee respectively front and back and oblique bubble, when three bubbles all are positioned in the middle of two markings, represent that then this roughness parameter measurement mechanism is in substantially horizontal position.And then the top 22 of checking all probes 2 all contacts with the earth's surface of surveying.
Become as a setting plane, rear that the flat board of contrast colors places probe 2 and support 1 with the color of the backstop on the top of probe 2 21 with one; For example when the color of backstop head is white, can adopt the plate of black or cloth to make background plane; Certainly, if be provided with stent substrate 10 between the support 1, then can omit this step.
At the probe photo of the dead ahead of probe 2 shooting under background plane.
The photo of shooting can be processed in the laboratory, obtain required roughness of ground surface parameter, and then by mathematical operation to roughness of ground surface value (earth's surface root mean square and surperficial relevant height), the concrete processing mode of aforesaid operations is the common practise of this area, does not repeat them here.
The roughness of ground surface measurement method of parameters that present embodiment provides, can be on the earth's surface that covers vegetation and be difficult to find level ground be used to placing instrument support of the prior art, gather easily and quickly the roughness of ground surface parameter, improved measurement efficient, guaranteed measuring accuracy.
It should be noted that at last: above each embodiment is not intended to limit only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described; Although with reference to aforementioned each embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment puts down in writing, and perhaps some or all of technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution break away from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (8)
1. a roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus is characterized in that, comprising: two supports along the column of vertical setting; Between two described supports, be fixedly connected with respectively cross tube and the sheer pole of level, on described cross tube and the sheer pole respectively correspondence offer a plurality of upper through holes and lower through-hole, a plurality of probes vertically are arranged in respectively in the lower through-hole corresponding on upper through hole on the described cross tube and the described sheer pole; Be clearance fit between described probe and described upper through hole and described probe and the described lower through-hole; The top of described probe is provided with for preventing the backstop head of described probe by described upper through hole slippage, the bottom of described probe be provided with for contacted top, earth's surface, and the cross-sectional area of described top is greater than described lower through-hole.
2. roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the top of two described supports is fixedly connected with by the horizontal top plate that is parallel to described cross tube, fixedly is embedded with one or three bubble levelers on the end face of described horizontal top plate.
3. roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, comprise that also one vertically is fixedly installed on the stent substrate towards unidirectional side of described support, described sheer pole and described horizontal top plate, described stent substrate does not contact towards between the surface of described probe and the described probe; And the color of the color of described stent substrate and described backstop head is contrast colors.
4. according to claim 1 and 2 or 3 described roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that, described probe is bicycle spoke, the bent-up end of described bicycle spoke is cut the formation shearing end, the multilayer tape that twines on the described shearing end is as described backstop head, and the bar that is spirally connected on the other end of described bicycle spoke is female to be described top.
5. roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, in described horizontal top plate on the side of described probe, perhaps at described stent substrate towards on the surface of described probe and be provided with two color bulge mark points different from described support body substrate that are positioned on the same level straight line above the described backstop head.
6. according to claim 1 and 2 or 3 described roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that the side of the bottom of described support is lozenges.
7. a roughness of ground surface measurement method of parameters that utilizes the arbitrary described roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus of claim 1 to 6 is characterised in that, comprising:
Support vertical is placed place, earth's surface to be measured, the bottom of described support is pressed into the surface on earth's surface and guarantees that cross tube and sheer pole are horizontal, the top of the bottom of probe is contacted with the earth's surface respectively;
Become as a setting plane, rear that the flat board of contrast colors places described probe and support with the color of the backstop head on the top of probe with one;
At the probe photo of the dead ahead of described probe shooting under described background plane.
8. roughness of ground surface measurement method of parameters according to claim 7, be characterised in that, described support vertical is placed place, earth's surface to be measured, the bottom of described support is pressed into the surface on earth's surface and guarantees that cross tube and sheer pole are horizontal, and the step that the top of the bottom of probe is contacted with the earth's surface respectively is specially:
Described support vertical is placed place, earth's surface to be measured, observe the position of the bubble on three bubble levelers, adjust the position of described support according to the drift condition of described bubble, until described three bubble leveler reveal competence top boards are in complete horizontality;
The top of guaranteeing the bottom of described probe contacts with the earth's surface respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110383770.5A CN103063168B (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2011-11-28 | Roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110383770.5A CN103063168B (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2011-11-28 | Roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus and method |
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| CN103063168A true CN103063168A (en) | 2013-04-24 |
| CN103063168B CN103063168B (en) | 2016-05-04 |
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| CN201110383770.5A Expired - Fee Related CN103063168B (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2011-11-28 | Roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus and method |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN103954258A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-30 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Two-dimensional surface roughness parameter calculation method based on GPU |
| CN104101289A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-15 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Instrument for recording surface undulation shape of rock mass structure surface |
| CN105651212A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-06-08 | 长安大学 | Soil surface roughness measuring device and method |
| CN106248004A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2016-12-21 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | A kind of earth's surface geometry roughness measuring device |
| CN107063138A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-08-18 | 东莞市圣荣自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of sighting device detected applied to plane planeness |
| CN111351721A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-30 | 中国电建集团北京勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Measuring instrument for measuring actual shearing failure surface fluctuation difference in-situ shearing test and measuring method thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103954258A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-30 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Two-dimensional surface roughness parameter calculation method based on GPU |
| CN103954258B (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2016-08-17 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Two-dimentional earth's surface based on GPU roughness parameter computational methods |
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| CN105651212A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-06-08 | 长安大学 | Soil surface roughness measuring device and method |
| CN106248004A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2016-12-21 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | A kind of earth's surface geometry roughness measuring device |
| CN107063138A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-08-18 | 东莞市圣荣自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of sighting device detected applied to plane planeness |
| CN111351721A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-30 | 中国电建集团北京勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Measuring instrument for measuring actual shearing failure surface fluctuation difference in-situ shearing test and measuring method thereof |
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