CN103060505A - Equipment for directly making steel by using fine ore and coal oxygen - Google Patents
Equipment for directly making steel by using fine ore and coal oxygen Download PDFInfo
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- CN103060505A CN103060505A CN2013100078410A CN201310007841A CN103060505A CN 103060505 A CN103060505 A CN 103060505A CN 2013100078410 A CN2013100078410 A CN 2013100078410A CN 201310007841 A CN201310007841 A CN 201310007841A CN 103060505 A CN103060505 A CN 103060505A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to equipment for directly making steel by using fine ore and coal oxygen, comprising fine ore milling equipment, fine ore lifting equipment, a multi-stage cyclone pre-heater, a pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed, a final-reduction circulating fluidized bed, a direct steel making furnace, fine ore spraying equipment, a bottom-blow or side-blow coal oxygen gun, a first gas exchanger, a second gas exchanger, a third gas exchanger, a fourth gas exchanger, gas supercharging equipment, gas purifying equipment and gas CO2 and H2O removing equipment; the discharge port of the fine ore milling equipment is connected with the feed port of the fine ore lifting equipment; the discharge port of the fine ore lifting equipment is connected to the feed port of the multi-stage cyclone pre-heater; the discharge port of the multi-stage cyclone pre-heater is connected with the feed port of the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed; the discharge port of the pre-reduction circulating fluidized bed is connected with the feed port of the final-reduction circulating fluidized bed; the final-reduction circulating fluidized bed is connected with the direct steel making furnace by the fine ore spraying equipment; and the bottom-blow or side-blow coal oxygen gun is inserted into the bottom part or the side of the direct steel making furnace.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steelmaking technical field, particularly a kind of equipment with fine ore and coal oxygen direct steelmaking.
Background technology
Current most important also the most common Steel Production Flow Chart is also referred to as long flow process, in this flow process, obtain molten steel from iron ore needs through sintering (or pelletizing), coking, blast furnace ironmaking, four main process procedures of converter steelmaking, also has in addition numerous auxiliary process links.The reduction of iron ore is indirect reduction more than 70% in the blast furnace ironmaking, belong to gas-solid reaction, require blast furnace to keep good ventilation property, therefore the iron fine powder ore deposit that obtains after the lean ore ore dressing and rich ore piece fine ore end all must could be for blast furnaces through agglomeration, namely must be through oversintering (or pelletizing) technological process.The material treatment capacity of sintering (or pelletizing) accounts for the second (being only second to ironmaking production) of Steel Complex, and energy consumption is only second to ironmaking and steel rolling and occupies the 3rd.The purposes of coke in blast furnace, fuel and the reduction of ferrous oxide agent of smelting institute's heat requirement as providing on the one hand, now this effect part is replaced by coal powder injection, the prior effect of coke is after the softening melting of ore, as the skeleton that supports the stock column up to tens of meters, be again the coal gas path simultaneously.The ratio of coking coal in raw coal is less, and reserves are limited, and this brings crisis certainly will for the development of the long flow process that relies on coking coal.The long flow process of tradition has developed into the peak, but the characteristics of blast furnace ironmaking have determined that traditional long flow process is in large scale, invests highly, and the production cycle is long, and energy consumption per ton steel is high, and environmental pollution is serious.
Direct-reduction-electric furnace flow process also can obtain molten steel from iron ore, do not need coke, but the most of shaft furnace production of using of direct-reduced iron, still need fine iron ore agglomeration operation, and the natural gas source that need to enrich, in the method relevant with direct-reduction-electric furnace flow process, caol based DR process production efficiency is low, and the rotary hearth furnace method is because the thinner scale of the bed of material is difficult to expansion.Therefore direct-reduction-electric furnace flow process still is difficult to and the long flow and method competition of tradition, and the output of steel share in worldwide only accounts for 5%, in China also seldom.
Melting and reducing-bof process has changed the degree of dependence of traditional long flow process STRENGTH ON COKE, for example, COREX fused reduction iron-smelting-bof process only needs a small amount of coke, it only is divided into two the function of blast furnace on the principle, fusing separates after elder generation's gaseous state indirect reduction, but its shortcoming also is apparent: the large (500m of oxygen-consumption
3/ t), the long flow process of output investment ratio tradition is high by 10%~20%, and tempo is slow.Melting and reducing-bof process is the change to operation before the long flow process iron of tradition.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of existing steelmaking equipment, thereby a kind of equipment with fine ore and coal oxygen direct steelmaking is provided.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of equipment with fine ore and coal oxygen direct steelmaking, comprise abrasive dust ore deposit equipment 1, fine ore lift technique 2, mulitistage cyclone 3, prereduction circulating fluidized bed 4, whole reduction circulating fluidized bed 5, direct steelmaking stove 6, fine ore blowing device 7, bottom blowing or side-blown coaloust-oxygen gun 8, the first gas heat exchanger 11, the second gas heat exchanger 13, the 3rd gas heat exchanger 14, the 4th gas heat exchanger 16, gas boosting equipment 12, gas purifying equipment 15 and gas removal CO
2And H
2O equipment 17; Wherein,
The discharge port of described abrasive dust ore deposit equipment 1 is connected with the opening for feed of described fine ore lift technique 2, and the discharge port of described fine ore lift technique 2 then is connected to the opening for feed of described mulitistage cyclone 3; The discharge port of described mulitistage cyclone 3 links to each other with the opening for feed of described prereduction circulating fluidized bed 4, and the discharge port of described prereduction circulating fluidized bed 4 then is connected with the opening for feed of described eventually reduction circulating fluidized bed 5; Described eventually reduction circulating fluidized bed 5 links to each other with described direct steelmaking stove 6 by described fine ore blowing device 7; Described bottom blowing or side-blown coaloust-oxygen gun 8 assign into bottom or the sidepiece of described direct steelmaking stove 6;
The air outlet of described direct steelmaking stove 6 is connected to described the first gas heat exchanger 11,11 of described the first gas heat exchangers link to each other with described gas boosting equipment 12, described gas boosting equipment 12 is connected to the inlet mouth of described eventually reduction circulating fluidized bed 5, and the air outlet of described eventually reduction circulating fluidized bed 5 is connected to the second gas heat exchanger 13; Described the second gas heat exchanger 13 is connected to the inlet mouth of described prereduction circulating fluidized bed 4, the air outlet of described prereduction circulating fluidized bed 4 is connected to described the 3rd gas heat exchanger 14, and described the 3rd gas heat exchanger 14 also is connected with the inlet mouth of described mulitistage cyclone 3; The air outlet of described mulitistage cyclone 3 is connected to described gas purifying equipment 15, and described gas purifying equipment 15 is by described the 4th gas heat exchanger 16 and described gas removal CO
2And H
2O equipment 17 links to each other described gas removal CO
2And H
2The air outlet of O equipment 17 is connected on the pipeline between described First Heat Exchanger 11 and the described gas boosting equipment 12.
In the technique scheme, described direct steelmaking stove 6 is barrel-shaped stove, and its inside comprises slag district, molten steel district and gas phase zone, and wherein gas phase zone is positioned at the top of described direct steelmaking stove 6, the molten steel district is positioned at the bottom of described direct steelmaking stove 6, and the slag district is then between gas phase zone and molten steel district.
In the technique scheme, when described fine ore blowing device 7 links to each other with described direct steelmaking stove 6, be inserted in the molten steel molten bath in molten steel district of described direct steelmaking stove 6.
In the technique scheme, described bottom blowing or side-blown coaloust-oxygen gun 8 are inserted in the molten steel molten bath of the bottom of described direct steelmaking stove 6 or side.
In the technique scheme, also have direct steelmaking stove tap hole 9 and direct steelmaking stove slag notch 10 on the described direct steelmaking stove 6, direct steelmaking stove tap hole 9 wherein is positioned on the furnace wall in described direct steelmaking stove 6 outsides, and described direct steelmaking stove slag notch 10 then is positioned at the middle part of described direct steelmaking stove 6 outside furnace walls.
In the technique scheme, described direct steelmaking stove tap hole 9 is the siphon tapping mouth.
In the technique scheme, described direct steelmaking stove 6 also is provided with anti-material system, water-cooling system, and waste-gas cleaning is processed and residual neat recovering system.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the present invention is blown into high-temperature fusant with coal dust and oxygen and makes reducing gas, utilize the gaseous suspension preheating of particulate fine iron ore and the gas phase reduction rate is fast, efficient is high advantage, in cyclone preheater and circulating fluidized bed, respectively with fine iron ore preheating, reduction, the pre-reduced iron fine ore of the 90% above degree of metalization that obtains is blown into obtains molten steel in the high-temperature fusant.Because reduction (comparing with the blast furnace ironmaking direct-reduction) under lower temperature, the prereduction iron powder carburizing of generation is few, and decarburization is few when obtaining the finished product molten steel; The blast furnace-converter technique of the production crude steel of existing main flow is followed from the operational path of iron ore → molten iron → molten steel, is the process of decarburization after the first carburetting.The present invention makes the STEELMAKING PRODUCTION flow process obtain in essence simplification.
(2) the present invention has realized from fine ore, coal, oxygen direct production molten steel, without agglomeration of fine ore, coking, also without the converter decarburization, compare with existing steelmaking process, equipment and initial cost are saved in a large number, and conservative calculating can be saved equipment and initial cost more than 30%; Logistics is fully simplified, in traditional Steel Plant, the logistics of each process procedure is very busy, and intensification cooling is for several times gone through in the iron content logistics, lose a large amount of physical thermals, new direct steelmaking technique is very compact, and logistics is simply orderly, and has avoided the temperature loss of molten iron in transportation, be easy to realize directization of producing and automatically control, be New Generation of Intelligent Steel Plant, behind employing the present invention, great change occurs in the looks of Steel Plant.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that schema is shown in device letter of the present invention.
The drawing explanation
1 abrasive dust ore deposit equipment, 2 fine ore lift technique, 3 mulitistage cyclones
4 prereduction circulating fluidized beds 5 are reduction circulating fluidized bed 6 direct steelmaking stoves eventually
7 fine ore blowing devices, 8 bottom blowing coaloust-oxygen guns, 9 direct steelmaking stove tap holes
10 direct steelmaking stove slag notches, 11 first gas heat exchangers, 12 gas boosting equipment
13 second gas heat exchangers 14 the 3rd gas heat exchanger, 15 gas purifying equipments
16 the 4th gas heat exchangers, 17 gas removal CO
2And H
2O equipment.
Embodiment
Now the invention will be further described by reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, in one embodiment, direct steelmaking equipment of the present invention comprises: abrasive dust ore deposit equipment 1, fine ore lift technique 2, mulitistage cyclone 3, prereduction circulating fluidized bed 4, whole reduction circulating fluidized bed 5, direct steelmaking stove 6, fine ore blowing device 7, bottom blowing or side-blown coaloust-oxygen gun 8, the first gas heat exchanger 11, the second gas heat exchanger 13, the 3rd gas heat exchanger 14, the 4th gas heat exchanger 16, gas boosting equipment 12, gas purifying equipment 15 and gas removal CO
2And H
2O equipment 17.Wherein, the discharge port of described abrasive dust ore deposit equipment 1 is connected with the opening for feed of fine ore lift technique 2, and the discharge port of fine ore lift technique 2 then is connected to the opening for feed of described mulitistage cyclone 3; The discharge port of mulitistage cyclone 3 links to each other with the opening for feed of prereduction circulating fluidized bed 4, and the discharge port of described prereduction circulating fluidized bed 4 then is connected with the opening for feed of whole reduction circulating fluidized bed 5; Reduction circulating fluidized bed 5 links to each other with direct steelmaking stove 6 by fine ore blowing device 7 eventually; Bottom blowing or side-blown coaloust-oxygen gun 8 assign into bottom or the sidepiece of direct steelmaking stove 6; The air outlet of direct steelmaking stove 6 is connected to the first gas heat exchanger 11,11 of the first gas heat exchangers link to each other with gas boosting equipment 12, gas boosting equipment 12 is connected to the eventually inlet mouth of reduction circulating fluidized bed 5, and the air outlet of reduction circulating fluidized bed 5 is connected to the second gas heat exchanger 13 eventually; The second gas heat exchanger 13 is connected to the inlet mouth of prereduction circulating fluidized bed 4, and the air outlet of prereduction circulating fluidized bed 4 is connected to the 3rd gas heat exchanger 14, the three gas heat exchangers 14 and also is connected with the inlet mouth of mulitistage cyclone 3; The air outlet of mulitistage cyclone 3 is connected to gas purifying equipment 15, and gas purifying equipment 15 is by the 4th gas heat exchanger 16 and gas removal CO
2And H
2O equipment 17 links to each other gas removal CO
2And H
2The air outlet of O equipment 17 is connected on the pipeline between First Heat Exchanger 11 and the gas boosting equipment 12.
The below is further described all parts in the direct steelmaking equipment.
Described direct steelmaking stove 6 is barrel-shaped stoves, and its inside comprises slag district, molten steel district and gas phase zone, and wherein gas phase zone is positioned at the top of direct steelmaking stove 6, and the molten steel district is positioned at the bottom of direct steelmaking stove 6, and the slag district is then between gas phase zone and molten steel district.When fine ore blowing device 7 links to each other with direct steelmaking stove 6, be inserted in the molten steel molten bath in molten steel district of direct steelmaking stove 6, bottom blowing or side-blown coaloust-oxygen gun 8 then are inserted in the molten steel molten bath of the bottom of direct steelmaking stove 6 or side.
Also have direct steelmaking stove tap hole 9 and direct steelmaking stove slag notch 10 on the direct steelmaking stove 6, direct steelmaking stove tap hole 9 wherein is positioned on the furnace wall in direct steelmaking stove 6 outsides, and direct steelmaking stove slag notch 10 then is positioned at the middle part of direct steelmaking stove 6 outside furnace walls.Described direct steelmaking stove tap hole 9 is the siphon tapping mouth.
As a kind of preferred implementation, in the direct steelmaking equipment of the present invention, described direct steelmaking stove 6 also is provided with anti-material system, water-cooling system, and waste-gas cleaning is processed and residual neat recovering system.
The below describes the working process of direct steelmaking equipment of the present invention.
At first, in direct steelmaking stove 6, be pre-formed a molten steel molten bath, or the molten bath of slag mixing, temperature is more than 1600 ℃; Then in direct steelmaking stove 6, be blown into coal dust, oxygen and a small amount of flux, thereby produce CO+H
285% reducing gas.These reducing gas flow through eventually reduction circulating fluidized bed 5, prereduction circulating fluidized bed 4, mulitistage cyclone 3 successively after the air outlet output of direct steelmaking stove 6.
Abrasive dust ore deposit equipment 1 is finely ground to iron ore below 100 orders more than 325 orders, then this micro mist is promoted to the opening for feed of mulitistage cyclone 3 with fine ore lift technique 2, fine iron ore is heated in mulitistage cyclone 3, and the fine ore after the heating is transferred to again in the prereduction circulating fluidized bed 4.Meanwhile, the tail gas that mulitistage cyclone 3 produces (remaining gas behind the whole reduction of reducing gas process circulating fluidized bed 5, prereduction circulating fluidized bed 4 and the mulitistage cyclone 3 that the direct steelmaking stove of namely mentioning hereinafter produces) purifies by gas purifying equipment 15, and then through 16 coolings of the 4th gas heat exchanger, then again by removing CO
2And H
2O equipment 17 removes CO wherein
2And water vapor.
The high temperature reduction gas that direct steelmaking stove 6 produces with remove CO
2Recycled offgas and circulating fluidized bed exit gas at different levels heat exchange after be cooled to below 850 ℃, reducing gas is opposite with the flow direction of fine ore, by whole reduction circulating fluidized bed 5, prereduction circulating fluidized bed 4 and mulitistage cyclone 3.The reducing gas temperature of every grade of circulating fluidized bed outlet reduces, and the high temperature reduction gas that therefore need to and go out direct steelmaking stove 6 carries out heat exchange to improve temperature.The recycled offgas that goes out mulitistage cyclone 3 need to remove CO wherein
2And water vapor, mix with the high temperature reduction gas that goes out direct steelmaking stove 6 again, be warming up to 850 ℃, then pass into circulating fluidized bed; In circulating fluidized bed, powdered iron ore and reducing gas generation reduction reaction, the degree of metalization that goes out the fine iron ore of last step circulating fluidized bed reaches more than 90%.
In the direct steelmaking stove, be blown into through the fine iron ore of degree of metalization more than 90% after preheating and the reduction with nitrogen, continue simultaneously in the direct steelmaking stove, to be blown into coal dust and oxygen and a small amount of flux, by adjusting the ratio of coal dust, oxygen, fine iron ore, can be so that the carbon content of molten steel remains on below 0.4%, simultaneously can remove most phosphorus and a small amount of sulphur, molten steel and slag constantly increase in the molten bath, flow out by siphon tapping mouth 9 and slag notch 10.
Through behind the aforesaid operations of direct steelmaking stove of the present invention, in the resulting crude molten steel, the content of C is about the content of 0.1~0.8%, Si, Mn<0.05%, can obtain qualified molten steel through follow-up external refining and deoxidation alloying operation.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described.Although with reference to embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, technical scheme of the present invention is made amendment or is equal to replacement, do not break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. equipment with fine ore and coal oxygen direct steelmaking, it is characterized in that, comprise abrasive dust ore deposit equipment (1), fine ore lift technique (2), mulitistage cyclone (3), prereduction circulating fluidized bed (4), whole reduction circulating fluidized bed (5), direct steelmaking stove (6), fine ore blowing device (7), bottom blowing or side-blown coaloust-oxygen gun (8), the first gas heat exchanger (11), the second gas heat exchanger (13), the 3rd gas heat exchanger (14), the 4th gas heat exchanger (16), gas boosting equipment (12), gas purifying equipment (15) and gas removal CO
2And H
2O equipment (17); Wherein,
The discharge port of described abrasive dust ore deposit equipment (1) is connected with the opening for feed of described fine ore lift technique (2), and the discharge port of described fine ore lift technique (2) then is connected to the opening for feed of described mulitistage cyclone (3); The discharge port of described mulitistage cyclone (3) links to each other with the opening for feed of described prereduction circulating fluidized bed (4), and the discharge port of described prereduction circulating fluidized bed (4) then is connected with the described eventually opening for feed of reduction circulating fluidized bed (5); Described eventually reduction circulating fluidized bed (5) links to each other with described direct steelmaking stove (6) by described fine ore blowing device (7); Described bottom blowing or side-blown coaloust-oxygen gun (8) assign into bottom or the sidepiece of described direct steelmaking stove (6);
The air outlet of described direct steelmaking stove (6) is connected to described the first gas heat exchanger (11), described the first gas heat exchanger (11) then links to each other with described gas boosting equipment (12), described gas boosting equipment (12) is connected to the described eventually inlet mouth of reduction circulating fluidized bed (5), and the described eventually air outlet of reduction circulating fluidized bed (5) is connected to the second gas heat exchanger (13); Described the second gas heat exchanger (13) is connected to the inlet mouth of described prereduction circulating fluidized bed (4), the air outlet of described prereduction circulating fluidized bed (4) is connected to described the 3rd gas heat exchanger (14), and described the 3rd gas heat exchanger (14) also is connected with the inlet mouth of described mulitistage cyclone (3); The air outlet of described mulitistage cyclone (3) is connected to described gas purifying equipment (15), and described gas purifying equipment (15) is by described the 4th gas heat exchanger (16) and described gas removal CO
2And H
2O equipment (17) links to each other, described gas removal CO
2And H
2The air outlet of O equipment (17) is connected on the pipeline between described First Heat Exchanger (11) and the described gas boosting equipment (12).
2. the equipment with fine ore and coal oxygen direct steelmaking according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described direct steelmaking stove (6) is barrel-shaped stove, its inside comprises slag district, molten steel district and gas phase zone, wherein gas phase zone is positioned at the top of described direct steelmaking stove (6), the molten steel district is positioned at the bottom of described direct steelmaking stove (6), and the slag district is then between gas phase zone and molten steel district.
3. the equipment with fine ore and coal oxygen direct steelmaking according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described fine ore blowing device (7) and described direct steelmaking stove (6) be when linking to each other, and is inserted in the molten steel molten bath in molten steel district of described direct steelmaking stove (6).
4. the equipment with fine ore and coal oxygen direct steelmaking according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described bottom blowing or side-blown coaloust-oxygen gun (8) are inserted in the molten steel molten bath of the bottom of described direct steelmaking stove (6) or side.
5. the equipment with fine ore and coal oxygen direct steelmaking according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also have direct steelmaking stove tap hole (9) and direct steelmaking stove slag notch (10) on the described direct steelmaking stove (6), direct steelmaking stove tap hole (9) wherein is positioned on the furnace wall in described direct steelmaking stove (6) outside, and described direct steelmaking stove slag notch (10) then is positioned at the middle part of described direct steelmaking stove (6) outside furnace wall.
6. the equipment with fine ore and coal oxygen direct steelmaking according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described direct steelmaking stove tap hole (9) is the siphon tapping mouth.
7. the equipment with fine ore and coal oxygen direct steelmaking according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described direct steelmaking stove (6) also is provided with anti-material system, water-cooling system, and waste-gas cleaning is processed and residual neat recovering system.
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CN2013100078410A CN103060505A (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2013-01-09 | Equipment for directly making steel by using fine ore and coal oxygen |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114561504A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-05-31 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Melting device and melting method based on fluidization prereduction |
WO2023015752A1 (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2023-02-16 | 赵晓 | Iron-containing powder direct steelmaking device in reducing atmosphere and method for using same |
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CN201381333Y (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2010-01-13 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Iron-bearing material suspension two-stage fast reducing furnace |
CN101906501A (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2010-12-08 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Direct steelmaking process by using fine ores, coal and oxygen |
CN203079999U (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2013-07-24 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Device using fine ore and coal oxygen for direct steel-making |
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2013
- 2013-01-09 CN CN2013100078410A patent/CN103060505A/en active Pending
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EP0541269A1 (en) * | 1991-11-06 | 1993-05-12 | Li Wu Ebenfelt | Method and apparatus for continuously producing steel or semi-steel |
US5407179A (en) * | 1992-05-26 | 1995-04-18 | Fior De Venezuela | Fluidized bed direct steelmaking plant |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2023015752A1 (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2023-02-16 | 赵晓 | Iron-containing powder direct steelmaking device in reducing atmosphere and method for using same |
CN114561504A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-05-31 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Melting device and melting method based on fluidization prereduction |
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Application publication date: 20130424 |