CN103057427B - Magneto-rheological hydraulic brake executing device for electric vehicles - Google Patents
Magneto-rheological hydraulic brake executing device for electric vehicles Download PDFInfo
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- CN103057427B CN103057427B CN201310007233.XA CN201310007233A CN103057427B CN 103057427 B CN103057427 B CN 103057427B CN 201310007233 A CN201310007233 A CN 201310007233A CN 103057427 B CN103057427 B CN 103057427B
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- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 80
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
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- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a magneto-rheological hydraulic brake executing device for electric vehicles and belongs to the technical field of electric vehicles. The magneto-rheological hydraulic brake executing device comprises a driving shaft, a brake disk, magneto-rheological liquid, a shell, an electromagnetic coil, connecting plates and a support structure from the inside to the outside. The driving shaft and the brake disk are fixedly connected with a spline and transmit torque to wheels. A left shell piece and a right shell piece are integrally connected through bolts, the brake disk is horizontally disposed in the shell, and the magneto-rheological liquid is filled into the shell. The electromagnetic coil takes an iron core as a support, is limited and fixed by bolts distributed on the support and fits with the outer surface of the shell to form a magnetic loop. The support structure comprises a left portion and a right portion, is fixedly connected with a car body, transmits brake force to the vehicle body, supports the electromagnetic coil through bolts and fixes the brake structure by bolts. The magneto-rheological hydraulic brake executing device is simple and compact in structure, accordant with requirements of the vehicles, capable of setting pressure at millisecond magnitude and convenient to adjust and can meet the requirements for brake strength of the vehicles.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnetic flow liquid braking executive device for electronlmobil, belong to field of automobile.
Background technology
Traditional automobile have employed hydraulic brake system, and its brake actuator includes brake pedal, vacuum booster, master cylinder, four cover plate disc brakies, hydraulic control unit, ECU (Electrical Control Unit), brake piping between master cylinder with hydraulic control unit and is connected the brake piping of hydraulic control unit and each car side brake.Orthodox car brake system is after chaufeur encounters brake pedal, along with the reach of brake pedal, vacuum booster utilizes engine back pressure to carry out power-assisted, promotion master cylinder piston moves forward, after the gap in master cylinder and brake clearance are eliminated, in the drg of each wheel, produce brake fluid pressure gradually.Usually there is the time delay of 0.2s to 0.9s, be called drg in-service time during this period of time.
Along with the development of electronlmobil and hybrid vehicle, line control brake system becomes the focus of research as forth generation brake system of car.The braking function that a perfect line control brake system not only can provide Conventional braking systems to provide, and more meet automotive safety and energy-conservation requirement.The brake pedal of line control brake system and brake actuator are decoupling zeros, and during conventional brake, line control brake system can provide the brake efficiency consistent with Conventional braking systems and brake feel.When vehicle need in the process of moving to brake intervene time, line control brake system implements braking voluntarily independent of chaufeur, eliminates time of driver's reaction, and rate of pressurization compares Conventional braking systems also can be faster, thus improve the safety of driving.
At present in the development process of electronlmobil, due to the cancellation of driving engine, the vacuum source condition needed for brake system can not meet, and vacuum booster cannot normally work.If increase vacuum pump to extract vacuum source simultaneously, then can roll up the layout of A0 level vehicle and the complexity of coupling.Based on above problem, line control system obtains application, mainly contains EHB and electromechanical braking system two kinds at present, but both current all existence and stabilities are poor and working accuracy is difficult to meet the requirements of problem and is difficult to promote.
The domestic research also carrying out a small amount of magneto-rheologic liquid brake, but consider the safe parts that Brake for vehicle belongs to important on automobile, the lock torque of thousand Ns of rice magnitudes must be reached and reach reaction time of millisecond magnitude.Magneto-rheologic liquid brake is domestic a small amount of research, disclosed patented technology (200910099608.3) proposes the general structure of phase transformation drg at present, but electrorheological fluid material far can not reach required braking force, when it does not consider magnetic flow liquid as brake fluid simultaneously, the generation of external trigger signal (magnetic field).The magneto-rheologic liquid brake structurally variable that patented technology (03141793.0) designs, but magnet coil supports with inner core, significantly reduces coil and produces magnetic field ability.Simultaneously when increasing disc thickness, magnetic resistance becomes large, and magnetic field declines rapidly, and brake torque declines to a great extent, and can not be applied on automobile.Patented technology (200410084576.7) is a kind of drg of coil internally-arranged type, has the advantages such as moment is large, but due to magnetic flow liquid mode of operation can to coil wearing and tearing and energising inconvenience, life-span and the electrical safety of equipment are more limited.Patented technology (201020620713.5) adopts permanent magnet as magnetic field sources, there is energy-conservation feature, but when braking and non-brake State Transferring, need to operate magnet, operating mechanism is complicated and magnetic pole is long for transfer time, cannot realize car brakeing requirement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of magnetic flow liquid braking executive device for electronlmobil, change the structure of existing automobile-used braking executive device, cancel the mechanisms such as vacuum servo, improve control effects simultaneously.
The magnetic flow liquid braking executive device for electronlmobil that the present invention proposes, comprises brake disc, magnetic flow liquid, left shell, right shell body, electromagnet core, magnet coil, left terminal pad, right terminal pad and U-shaped stay bearing plate; Described left shell and right shell body are circular, left shell and right shell body by be distributed on left shell relative with housing tie bolt with right shell body housing coupling nut circumferentially fixing after form housing, described brake disc and magnetic flow liquid are placed in housing; Composition the left shell of housing and the center of right shell body be boss, housing center table portion by left terminal pad, right terminal pad and housings support bolt support between the hold-down arm of two, conglobate left and right, U-shaped stay bearing plate upper end; The end of described transmission shaft is supported on the center of housing boss by angular contact bearing, and is supported on U-shaped stay bearing plate by deep groove ball bearing; Described magnet coil is wrapped on electromagnet core and forms electromagnet, circumferentially be evenly equipped with six groups of electromagnet respectively in space, housing both sides between housing and left support plate and between housing and right support plate, electromagnet is supported between the hold-down arm of two, conglobate left and right, U-shaped stay bearing plate upper end by electromagnet staybolt.
The magnetic flow liquid braking executive device for electronlmobil that the present invention proposes, compared with Conventional braking systems, its advantage is that cost has clear superiority.Self control principle of braking executive device of the present invention changes driving surface magnetic field size by current control, and then change the size of shearing force, thus compared with Conventional braking systems, brake fluid pressure is controlled continuously, braking procedure is steady, without the noise that motor and high-pressure oil passage produce.In addition because brake pedal and brake actuator are decoupling zeros, thus ACTIVE CONTROL can be carried out, after this authorities to emergency brake signal, energising can produce braking force, its response time is the even shorter of Millisecond, instead of time of driver's reaction relatively long in traditional vacuum assisted hydraulic brake system, the process being simultaneously increased to maximum rate of braking only needs magnetic flow liquid to form the time of magnetic linkage, this is just for braking procedure is saved time, automobile brake distance can be shortened under emergency braking operating mode, very important effect is had to raising traffic safety.In addition this patent has carried out refinement and magnetic circuit check to magnetic circuit, guarantee the size in magnetic field and make magnetic flow liquid produce enough shearing stresses, brake friction face adopts ferromagnetic material to ensure that magnetorheological fluid materials wall slippage can not occur simultaneously, therefore the actual lock torque produced can reach thousand Ns of rice magnitudes, considerably beyond existing patent level, can be applied on automobile.Magnetic flow liquid 0 viscosity adopted is little, thus can accept completely not adding the viscous resistance produced under the state of nature in magnetic field.Generally, magneto-rheologic liquid brake actuating unit, parts machining is simple, various aspects of performance is better, the difficulty can effectively avoiding China's precise hydraulic brake regulation system to face, opens up the variation route of an electric vehicle brake safety method, has good application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the magnetic flow liquid braking executive device for electronlmobil that the present invention proposes.
Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the External view of the magnetic flow liquid braking executive device for electronlmobil that the present invention proposes.
In Fig. 1-Fig. 3, 11 is brake discs, 12 is magnetic flow liquid inlets, 13 is magnetic flow liquids, 14 is left shells, 15 is right shell bodies, 15a is the boss of right shell body, 16 is seal rings, 17 is transmission shafts, 18 is end rings, 19 is angular contact bearings, 110 is magnetic flow liquid flow exports, 111 is housing coupling nuts, 112 is housing tie bolts, 113 is housing seal pads, 21 is U-shaped stay bearing plates, 22 is left terminal pads, 23 is right terminal pads, 24 is deep groove ball bearings, 25 is housings support bolts, 31 is electromagnet staybolts, 32 is electromagnet cores, 33 is magnet coils.
Fig. 4 is the electromagnet pole distribution of the magnetic flow liquid braking executive device for electronlmobil that the present invention proposes.
Fig. 5 is the electromagnet magnetic circuit schematic diagram of the magnetic flow liquid braking executive device for electronlmobil that the present invention proposes.
Fig. 6 is the contrast schematic diagram using the brake system of brake actuator of the present invention and the braking force growth curve of traditional vacuum assisted hydraulic brake system under emergency braking operating mode.
Detailed description of the invention
The magnetic flow liquid braking executive device for electronlmobil that the present invention proposes, its structure as shown in Figure 1, mainly comprises brake disc 11, magnetic flow liquid 13, left shell 14, right shell body 15, electromagnet core 32, magnet coil 33, left terminal pad 22, right terminal pad 23 and U-shaped stay bearing plate 21.As shown in the AA cutaway view of Fig. 2, left shell 14 and right shell body 15 are circular, left shell 14 and right shell body 15 by be distributed on left shell 14 relative with housing tie bolt 112 with right shell body 15 housing coupling nut 111 circumferentially fixing after form housing, described brake disc 11 and magnetic flow liquid 13 are placed in housing.The composition left shell 14 of housing and the center of right shell body 15 are boss, and housing is supported between the hold-down arm of two, conglobate left and right, U-shaped stay bearing plate 21 upper end by left terminal pad 22, right terminal pad 23 and housings support bolt 25 in central boss 15a part.The end of transmission shaft 17 is supported on the center 15a of housing boss by angular contact bearing 19, and is supported on U-shaped stay bearing plate 21 by deep groove ball bearing 24.Magnet coil 33 is wrapped on electromagnet core 32 and forms electromagnet, circumferentially be evenly equipped with six groups of electromagnet respectively in space, housing both sides between housing and left support arm and between housing and right support arm, electromagnet is supported between the hold-down arm of two, conglobate left and right, U-shaped stay bearing plate 21 upper end by electromagnet staybolt 31.The overall three-dimensional structure of the magnetic flow liquid braking executive device for electronlmobil that the present invention proposes as shown in Figure 3.
The magnetic flow liquid braking executive device for electronlmobil that the present invention proposes, comprises body stopper, uniform strong magnetic field generating portion and support structure and fixes three parts.
Described body stopper is axially symmetric structure, and transmission shaft 17 has spline and brake disc 11 interference fit, has seal groove for laying seal ring 16.Brake disc 11 is steel Thin Disk, be positioned at the centre plane of left shell 14 and right shell body 15, in cavity, magnetic flow liquid 13 fills rate is 90%, reduce the impact of magnetic flow liquid 13 het expansion, magnetic flow liquid 13 enters cavity by the upper inlet 12 of right shell body 15 and flow export 110 discharges cavity, magnetic flow liquid 13 side seal is seal ring 16 on a pair transmission shaft, and radial seal is that the housing seal pad 113 between left shell 14 and right shell body 15 realizes.
Described support structure fixed part mainly plays and supports and the effect be connected, and as shown in Figure 3, two hold-down arms of U-shaped stay bearing plate 21 upper end circle, by left terminal pad 22, right terminal pad 23 and housings support bolt 25 supportive body drg.Stay bearing plate 21 and vehicle body are connected, and transmit brake torque.
Described uniform strong magnetic field generating portion is mainly used for producing uniform strong magnetic field, magnet coil 33 is with electromagnet core 32 for support forms electromagnet, and six pairs of electromagnet are supported between the hold-down arm of two, conglobate left and right, U-shaped stay bearing plate 21 upper end by electromagnet staybolt 31.As shown in Figure 4, electromagnet is opposed is distributed in left shell 14 and right shell body 15 surface, electromagnet one side is fitted with housing outer surface, one side is fitted with the bearing surface of U-shaped stay bearing plate 21, fastening by the Bolt to position of 12 on U-shaped stay bearing plate, the opposed electromagnets that is arranged as of magnetic pole is that N, S level is relative, and adjacent electromagnet is that N, S level is alternate.
Figure 5 shows that the schematic diagram of integral structure magnetic circuit, often pair of opposed electromagnet produces and produces uniform strong magnetic field therebetween, and generation 6 high magnetic field areas are as magnetic flow liquid 13 work capacity source altogether.For middle a pair electromagnet, after magnetic line of force results from this pair electromagnet, uniform magnetic field is formed at zone line, then magnetic line of force enters U-shaped stay bearing plate 21, two-way is divided into enter in two pairs of adjacent electromagnet, and uniform magnetic field is produced in these two pairs of electromagnet, last magnetic line of force is again by getting back in former electromagnet after U stay bearing plate 21.
The specific works process of drg executive device of the present invention:
When not braking, six pairs of electromagnet power-off, magnetic flow liquid 13 flows with the liquid form that stickiness is minimum.In order to prevent magnetic flow liquid 13 from leaking outside, between magnetic flow liquid 13 and transmission shaft 17, being provided with seal ring 16, between the housing of left and right, being provided with housing seal pad 113.Brake disc 11, under the drive of axle drive shaft 17, rotates at the same rate with wheel, and magnetic flow liquid 13 produces a small amount of viscous resistance.During braking, along with chaufeur steps on brake pedal, in electromagnet, electric current increases gradually, and in magnetic flow liquid 13, magnetic field is strengthened gradually, and inner magnetic linkage produces thicker gradually and twists together.Brake disc 11 and left shell 14, right shell body 15 inwall produce relative motion, constantly destroy and tear magnetic linkage generation shearing resistance, slow down the rotating speed of brake disc 11, finally cause the speed of a motor vehicle to decline gradually.After having braked, electric current reduces or directly power-off, and magnetic flow liquid 13 recovers working fluid state because magnetic field reduces, and braking force disappears; When forcing dynamic, in electromagnet, electric current adds to maximum, and magnetic field reaches the strongest instantaneously.Magnetic flow liquid 13 forms magnetic linkage rapidly in millisecond magnitude and is braked dish 11 and drives generation destruction to tear, and now shearing force reaches maximum, and vehicle reaches maximum braking deceleration; Chaufeur is when grade braking, and after actuating unit detects speed-slackening signal, the electric current of electromagnet is added to maximum, and under maximum field, magnetic linkage is formed rapidly, has larger yield stress.Now, yield stress is greater than the partical gravity in 30 degree of ramps, and vehicle can be stablized and realizes grade braking and do not come down.
In addition, by controlling size of current during braking, can the size of regulating brake braking force easily, by increasing size of current, keep electric current, reduce electric current and instead of the supercharging of the system works such as ABS, ESC, pressurize, decompression action, thus realize the function of the systems such as ABS, ESC simple and reliablely.
In maintenance of equipment, when needing adding liquid, turn on the bolt of the magnetic flow liquid inlet 12 above left shell 14, inject magnetic flow liquid 13 from tapped bore.When needing to release liquid, turn on the bolt of the magnetic flow liquid flow export 110 below left shell 14, release magnetic flow liquid 13 from tapped bore.When needing to change magnetic circuit, successively pulled down by housings support bolt 25, can take out U-shaped stay bearing plate 21, electromagnet structure is removed along with U-shaped stay bearing plate 21 immediately, gets final product flexible arrangement magnetic circuit and repair structure leak, and does not need mobile and change main body brake structure.
The brake actuator that patent of the present invention proposes decreases than conventional brake on braking time, as shown in Figure 6: to produce the moment of braking intention for initial point, it is t2 that traditional vacuum assisted hydraulic brake system hydraulic pressure increases initial time, is stable at target braking force at time t4.During emergency braking, for the consideration shortening stopping distance, for the brake system using brake actuator of the present invention, this target of control realization to electromagnet 32 electric current can be passed through: after receiving emergency brake signal, improve the size of current in coil 32, magnetic flow liquid just can produce braking force, response time is that Millisecond instead of time of driver's reaction relatively long in traditional vacuum assisted hydraulic brake system, tl is advanceed to by the t2 of traditional vacuum assisted hydraulic brake system by using the job initiation time of brake actuator of the present invention, overall process for emergency braking saves the time of △ t1.Because brake actuator braking force of the present invention increases, to increase principle with the braking force of legacy system different, and magnetic linkage produces speed sooner, and this can save a period of time for emergency braking overall process, as shown in △ t2 in Fig. 6 again.The time of the △ tl+ △ t2 saved altogether, automobile brake distance when reducing emergency braking.
Finally should be noted that, above detailed description of the invention is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to concrete embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1., for a magnetic flow liquid braking executive device for electronlmobil, it is characterized in that this braking executive device comprises brake disc, transmission shaft, magnetic flow liquid, left shell, right shell body, electromagnet core, magnet coil, left terminal pad, right terminal pad and U-shaped stay bearing plate; Described left shell and right shell body are circular, left shell and right shell body by be distributed on left shell relative with housing tie bolt with right shell body housing coupling nut circumferentially fixing after form housing, described brake disc and magnetic flow liquid are placed in housing; Composition the left shell of housing and the center of right shell body be boss, housing center table portion by left terminal pad, right terminal pad and housings support bolt support between the hold-down arm of two, conglobate left and right, U-shaped stay bearing plate upper end; The end of described transmission shaft is supported on the center of housing boss by angular contact bearing, and is supported on U-shaped stay bearing plate by deep groove ball bearing; Described magnet coil is wrapped on electromagnet core and forms electromagnet, circumferentially be evenly equipped with six groups of electromagnet respectively in space, housing both sides between housing and left support plate and between housing and right support plate, electromagnet is supported between the hold-down arm of two, conglobate left and right, U-shaped stay bearing plate upper end by electromagnet staybolt.
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CN201310007233.XA CN103057427B (en) | 2013-01-08 | 2013-01-08 | Magneto-rheological hydraulic brake executing device for electric vehicles |
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CN201310007233.XA CN103057427B (en) | 2013-01-08 | 2013-01-08 | Magneto-rheological hydraulic brake executing device for electric vehicles |
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CN104999918B (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2017-06-16 | 浙江师范大学 | A kind of backward-pressure assisted deceleration component |
CN103807329B (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2016-05-04 | 福州大学 | A kind of electric vortex buffering apparatus based on magnetic rheology effect |
CN107959402A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-04-24 | 长安大学 | A kind of contactless electromagnetic brake |
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KR100364282B1 (en) * | 2000-12-14 | 2002-12-11 | 현대자동차주식회사 | A break device for a car |
JP2003056639A (en) * | 2001-08-21 | 2003-02-26 | Kosuke Nagaya | Mr fluid linear damper with braking function |
US6854573B2 (en) * | 2001-10-25 | 2005-02-15 | Lord Corporation | Brake with field responsive material |
CN201368172Y (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2009-12-23 | 宁波大学 | Magneto rheological fluid damper |
CN101576132A (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2009-11-11 | 浙江万安科技股份有限公司 | Liquid phase-change brake |
CN201866135U (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2011-06-15 | 山东交通学院 | Braking device based on magnetorheological fluid |
CN202082318U (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2011-12-21 | 江苏大学 | Single disc-type magneto rheological flexible brake |
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