CN103056375B - Molten metal droplet forming device and method of utilizing same to form molten metal droplets - Google Patents
Molten metal droplet forming device and method of utilizing same to form molten metal droplets Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a molten metal droplet forming device and a method of utilizing the same to form molten metal droplets. The device and the method are used for solving the technical problem that size of molten metal drops formed by spraying by means of a molten metal drop spraying device is difficult to control. The technical scheme includes that a spherical energy focalizer in an axially concave shape is designed at the lower end of a cylindrical rod 13-b of a 'T'-shaped rod 13, by the focusing action of the 'T'-shaped rod energy focalizer, stress wave energy is enabled to intensively act on a free liquid level position of a nozzle outlet below a crucible to generate droplets, stress wave generated when an impact rod impacts the 'T'-shaped rod during droplet spraying is controlled, the size of the molten metal drops is determined by loaded stress wave, and metal droplets with the diameter smaller than that of spraying holes can be sprayed to achieve the purpose of controlling the size of the molten metal droplets by controlling relevant parameters generating the stress wave.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal drop forming apparatus, particularly relate to a kind of minute metallic molten drop forming apparatus.Also relate to the method utilizing this minute metallic molten drop forming apparatus to form minute metallic molten drop.
Background technology
Metal droplet spraying technique produces certain driving pressure in the metal fluid utilizing injection apparatus in crucible, force metal fluid material in crucible to eject from tiny nozzle and form single minute metallic molten drop, deposit with fixed point with the accurate distribution realizing trace meter material, have that automaticity is high, cost is low, pollution-free, noncontact and utilization rate of raw materials advantages of higher, have broad application prospects in fields such as complicated minute metallic part shaping, three-dimension packaging, microcircuit printing speeds.
With reference to Fig. 1, document " Apparatus and method for generating droplets; Chandra Sanjeev; JivrajRahim.United States Patent:US6446878; 2002 " discloses a kind of metal drop injection apparatus, comprises impulse generator 1, magnetic valve 2, heating element heater 3, tiny nozzle 5, crucible 7 and threeway gas bleeder valve 17.Wherein, heating element heater 3 is used for heating crucible 7, tiny nozzle 5 is positioned at bottom crucible 7, threeway gas bleeder valve 17 is fixed on crucible 7 top, in succession and tap into tracheae 18 in one tunnel of threeway gas bleeder valve 17, air inlet pipe 18 is provided with magnetic valve 2, the break-make of magnetic valve 2 is controlled by impulse generator 1, this device adopts Compressed Gas as drive source, by the moment break-make of impulse generator 1 Controlling solenoid valve 2, in crucible 7, molten metal 6 liquid level produces pulse, force molten metal 6 in crucible 7 to spray from bottom tiny nozzle 5, form small metal drop 4.This pulse is subject to the impact of the many factors such as crucible 7 internal cavities volume, threeway gas bleeder valve 17 leakage port size, back pressure gas size, and accuracy of spray is limited to.
With reference to Fig. 2, the mechanism that metal drop injection apparatus disclosed in document produces metal drop is: metal fluid sprays and forms jet under external pressure effect from spray orifice, after this crucible internal pressure reduces, the nozzle-fluid velocity of spray orifice inside is reduced, and jet front end moves forward due to effect of inertia, thus making metal jet produce " necking down " phenomenon, final fracture is molten drop.Due in this process, jet diameter and the nozzle diameter of injection are close, and the molten drop diameter of generation is about generally the twice of injection diameter, therefore, utilize this device to be difficult to produce the metal drop being less than injection diameter size.
In view of above analysis, disclosed in document there is a following difficult problem in metal drop injection apparatus in metal droplet course of injection: (1) injection apparatus adopts pulse gas as drive source, because pulse pressure in crucible in course of injection accurately controls comparatively difficulty, metal droplet is made to spray more difficult control; (2) the raw metal drop being less than jet size of injection apparatus difficult labour, the size of the metal droplet of injection is restricted.
Summary of the invention
Spraying the unmanageable deficiency of formation metal drop size to overcome existing metal drop injection apparatus, the invention provides a kind of minute metallic molten drop forming apparatus.Impact bar, by the Voice segment device of T-shape bar lower end, is impacted stress wave concentration of energy that T-shape bar produces and to act on below crucible jet expansion free surface place a bit to produce droplet by this device.Because droplet ejection process is controlled by stress wave, therefore, the diameter dimension of metal drop can be determined by the stress wave loaded.
The present invention also provides the method utilizing this minute metallic molten drop forming apparatus to form minute metallic molten drop.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of minute metallic molten drop forming apparatus, comprise heating element heater 3, nozzle 5 and crucible 7, be characterized in also comprising impact bar stroke adjustment scale 8, adjusting knob 9, impact bar 10, coil 11, device upper cover 12, T-shape bar 13 and supply air line 15.Described T-shape bar 13 is formed by the circular steel disc 13-a on top and being connected perpendicular to the cylindrical bar 13-b of circular steel disc, and the lower end of cylindrical bar 13-b is designed with Voice segment device, and the shape of Voice segment device is the sphere of axial indent.The circular steel disc 13-a diameter on T-shape bar 13 top is identical with the external diameter of device upper cover 12 bottom with crucible 7, the height of cylindrical bar 13-b is equal with the height of crucible 7 inwall, the gap passed through for molten metal 6 is left bottom cylindrical bar 13-b lower end and crucible 7, circular steel disc 13-a is secured in a press between device upper cover 12 and crucible 7, between circular steel disc 13-a and device upper cover 12, have heat-barrier material 19.Impact bar stroke adjustment scale 8 is screw rods with a scale, and adjusting knob 9 is inside and outside all threaded round nuts.Device upper cover 12 crown center has the screwed hole matched with adjusting knob 9 external screw thread, impact bar stroke adjustment scale 8 and adjusting knob 9 are threaded connection composition screw pair, the mode that adjusting knob 9 is threaded connection is fixed on device upper cover 12 top, can realize the Stroke Control to impact bar 10 by rotary impact throw of lever regulation scale 8; Coil 11 is the hollow cylinders become by multiturn copper wire winding, coil 11 is by the hinged middle being vertically mounted on device upper cover 12 internal circular disc, the stepped permanent magnetism iron that impact bar 10 is made up of two sections of cylinders, the upper end of impact bar 10 is S pole, and the lower end of impact bar 10 is N pole.Impact bar 10 is axially placed in coil 11, the external diameter of impact bar 10 epimere is greater than the external diameter of coil 11, the external diameter of impact bar 10 hypomere is equal with the internal diameter of coil 11, and coil 11 and impact bar 10 hypomere part are interference fits, and coil 11 pairs of impact bars 10 play the guiding role.Supply air line 15 is formed by copper pipe bending, around crucible 7 uniform three and the outer wall that against crucible 7 respectively extends nozzle 5 place; Heating element heater 3 is an annular resistance-type heating collar, is fixed on around crucible 7.
Utilize above-mentioned minute metallic molten drop forming apparatus to form a method for minute metallic molten drop, be characterized in comprising the following steps:
A () carries out polishing cleaning to impact bar 10, T-shape bar 13 and clears up the inner foreign material of crucible 7, carry out removing surface to high-melting-point or active metal blank, the impurity on removing surface and oxide skin.
B high-melting-point or active metal blank are put into crucible 7 by () in inert environments, pulse current is passed in coil 11, test impact bar motion credibility, in supply air line 15, constantly pass into inert gas simultaneously, setting heating-up temperature, by heating element heater 3 heating crucible 7, after the high-melting-point of crucible 7 inside or active metal blank are molten into molten metal 6, just nozzle 5 can be full of.
C () passes into pulse alternating current to produce corresponding alternating magnetic field in coil 11, impact bar 10 moves up and down and impacts the positive upper end of T-shape bar 13 in coil 11, stress wave is produced in the cylindrical bar 13-b of T-shape bar 13, this stress wave is delivered to the end of cylindrical bar 13-b, under Voice segment device focussing force, stress wave energy produces metal drop 4 by concentrating on a bit spraying of free surface 16 place below nozzle 5.
D () regulates impact bar stroke adjustment scale 8 and in conjunction with the scale above it, controls the stroke of impact bar 10, and then control the size of being impacted the stress wave that T-shape bar 13 produces by impact bar, finally controls the size of spraying the metal drop 4 produced.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by the focussing force of the Voice segment device of T-shape bar lower end, stress wave concentration of energy is acted on jet expansion free surface below crucible and sentence generation droplet, the stress wave that droplet ejection process impacts the generation of T-shape bar by impact bar controls, and metal drop size is determined by the stress wave loaded, by controlling the relevant parameter producing stress wave, the metal droplet that diameter is less than injection diameter can be ejected, reach the object controlling metal drop size.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is elaborated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of background technology metal drop injection apparatus.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the metal drop injection apparatus formation metal drop process of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of minute metallic molten drop forming apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the minute metallic molten drop forming apparatus formation minute metallic molten drop process of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 3.
In figure, 1-impulse generator, 2-magnetic valve, 3-heating element heater, 4-metal drop, 5-nozzle, 6-molten metal, 7-crucible, 8-impact bar stroke adjustment scale, 9-adjusting knob, 10-impact bar, 11-coil, 12-device upper cover, 13-T-shape bar, the circular steel disc of 13-a-, 13-b-cylindrical bar, 15-supply air line, 16-free surface, 17-threeway gas bleeder valve, 18-air inlet pipe, 19-heat-barrier material.
Detailed description of the invention
Following examples are with reference to Fig. 3-5.
Minute metallic molten drop forming apparatus of the present invention comprises heating element heater 3, crucible 7, impact bar stroke adjustment scale 8, adjusting knob 9, impact bar 10, coil 11, device upper cover 12, T-shape bar 13 and supply air line 15.T-shape bar 13 is by the circular steel disc 13-a on top and be welded perpendicular to the cylindrical bar 13-b of circular steel disc, and the lower end of cylindrical bar 13-b is designed with Voice segment device, and its shape is the sphere of axial indent.The circular steel disc 13-a diameter on T-shape bar 13 top is identical with the external diameter of device upper cover 12 bottom with crucible 7, the height of cylindrical bar 13-b is equal with the height of crucible 7 inwall, the gap passed through for molten metal 6 is left bottom cylindrical bar 13-b lower end and crucible 7, circular steel disc 13-a is secured in a press between device upper cover 12 and crucible 7, and at both compression places above-mentioned, heat-barrier material 19 is installed, stop heat upwards to transmit.Impact bar stroke adjustment scale 8 is screw rods with a scale, and adjusting knob 9 is inside and outside all threaded round nuts.Device upper cover 12 crown center is processed with the screwed hole matched with adjusting knob 9 external screw thread, impact bar stroke adjustment scale 8 and adjusting knob 9 are threaded connection composition screw pair, the mode that adjusting knob 9 is threaded connection is fixed on device upper cover 12 top, can realize the Stroke Control to impact bar 10 by rotary impact throw of lever regulation scale 8; Coil 11 is hollow cylinders that the inner surface that become by multiturn copper wire winding is comparatively smooth, coiling after being shaped in coil outer surface scribble insulation heat stable resin.Coil 11 is by the hinged middle being vertically mounted on device upper cover 12 internal circular disc, and the stepped permanent magnetism iron that impact bar 10 is made up of two sections of cylinders, the upper end of impact bar 10 is S pole, and the lower end of impact bar 10 is N pole.Impact bar 10 is axially placed in coil 11, wherein, the external diameter of impact bar 10 epimere is greater than the external diameter of coil 11, and the external diameter of impact bar 10 hypomere is equal with the internal diameter of coil 11, coil 11 and impact bar 10 hypomere part are interference fits, and coil 11 can play the guiding role to impact bar 10.Supply air line 15 is formed by copper pipe bending, around crucible 7 uniform three and the outer wall that against crucible 7 respectively extends nozzle 5 place, when passing into inert gas in supply air line 15, just can form low-oxygen environment around nozzle 5; Heating element heater 3 is an annular resistance-type heating collar, is fixed on around crucible 7, not only can realize the heating to crucible 7, and can carry out preheating to gas in supply air line 15.When passing into alternating current in coil 11, just alternating magnetic field can be produced in coil 11, impact bar 10 will clash into T-shape bar 13 upper end under the effect of alternating electromagnetic force, the stress wave that T-shape bar 13 produces, under its end Voice segment device focussing force, drives metallic solution 6 in crucible 7 spouting from nozzle 5.
Embodiment 1: under different pulse frequency, metal material sprays.
When using apparatus of the present invention metal injection material, in whole experimentation, constantly to pass into protective gas in coaxial supply air line 15, around nozzle 5, form regional hypoxia environment.
When using apparatus of the present invention to carry out metal material injection, first heating-up temperature more than metal material fusing point 100 DEG C is set, heating element heater 3 is utilized to be heated to by metal material melt completely, in coil 11, pass into pulse frequency be afterwards respectively the alternating current of 1Hz, 2Hz, 3Hz, 4Hz, 5Hz, 8Hz, 10Hz to produce the alternating magnetic field of corresponding frequencies, the impact bar 10 being placed in coil 11 just can impact T-shape bar 13 upper end with corresponding frequencies, in cylindrical bar 13-b, produce stress wave.Stress wave is delivered to T-shape bar 13 end Voice segment device with compressional wave form speed, under Voice segment device focussing force, stress wave energy will concentrate on nozzle 5 below crucible 7 and export free surface 16 place a bit, because Voice segment device distance nozzle 5 is very near, the energy loss that stress wave carries is negligible, the energy that stress wave carries, after overcoming the effect of fluent material capillary energy, sprays at free surface 16 place and produces metal drop 4.
When using apparatus of the present invention metal injection material, under the prerequisite ensureing other parameter constants, manually rotate regulation scale 8 and control the stroke of impact bar 10 in conjunction with the scale above it, because the stroke of impact bar 10 is relevant with its collision vibration-sensing rod 13 upper end initial velocity size, and then it is relevant with the size of the energy entrained by the stress wave that collision produces, according to this relation, by regulating impact bar stroke adjustment scale 8 and the injection of different size size droplet can being realized in conjunction with the scale above it.
Embodiment 2: under different pulse width, metal material sprays.When using apparatus of the present invention metal injection material, in whole experimentation, constantly to pass into protective gas in coaxial supply air line 15, around nozzle 5, form regional hypoxia environment.
When using apparatus of the present invention metal injection material, first heating-up temperature more than metal material fusing point 100 DEG C is set, heating element heater 3 is utilized to be heated to by metal material melt completely, in coil 11, pass into pulse width afterwards and be respectively 2ms, 3ms, 4ms, 5ms, 6ms, 8ms, the alternating current of 10ms is to produce respective strengths alternating magnetic field, the impact bar 10 being placed in coil 11 clashes in respective strengths magnetic field and T-shape bar 13 upper end, stress wave is produced in cylindrical bar 13-b, stress wave is delivered to T-shape bar 13 end Voice segment device with compressional wave form speed, under Voice segment device focussing force, stress wave energy will concentrate on nozzle 5 below crucible 7 and export free surface 16 place a bit, because Voice segment device distance nozzle 5 is very near, the energy loss that stress wave carries is negligible, the energy that stress wave carries is after overcoming the effect of fluent material capillary energy, spray at free surface 16 place and produce metal drop 4.
When using apparatus of the present invention metal injection material, under the prerequisite ensureing other parameter constants, manually rotate and regulate impact bar stroke adjustment scale 8 and the stroke controlling impact bar 10 in conjunction with the scale above it, because the stroke of impact bar 10 is relevant with its collision vibration-sensing rod 13 upper end initial velocity size, and then it is relevant with the size of the energy entrained by the stress wave that collision produces, according to this relation, the injection of different size size droplet can be realized in conjunction with the scale above it by regulation scale 8.
Utilize above-mentioned minute metallic molten drop forming apparatus to form a method for minute metallic molten drop, comprise the following steps:
E () carries out polishing cleaning to impact bar 10, T-shape bar 13 and clears up the inner foreign material of crucible 7, carry out removing surface to high-melting-point or active metal blank, the impurity on removing surface and oxide skin.
F high-melting-point or active metal blank are put into crucible 7 by () in inert environments, pulse current is passed in coil 11, test impact bar motion credibility, in supply air line 15, constantly pass into inert gas simultaneously, setting heating-up temperature, by heating element heater 3 heating crucible 7, after the high-melting-point of crucible 7 inside or active metal blank are molten into molten metal 6, just nozzle 5 can be full of.
G () passes into pulse alternating current to produce corresponding alternating magnetic field in coil 11, impact bar 10 moves up and down and impacts the positive upper end of T-shape bar 13 in coil 11, stress wave is produced in the cylindrical bar 13-b of T-shape bar 13, this stress wave is delivered to the end of cylindrical bar 13-b, under Voice segment device focussing force, stress wave energy produces metal drop 4 by concentrating on a bit spraying of free surface 16 place below nozzle 5.
H () regulates impact bar stroke adjustment scale 8 and in conjunction with the scale above it, controls the stroke of impact bar 10, and then control the size of being impacted the stress wave that T-shape bar 13 produces by impact bar, finally controls the size of spraying the metal drop 4 produced.
Claims (2)
1. a minute metallic molten drop forming apparatus, comprise heating element heater (3), nozzle (5) and crucible (7), characterized by further comprising impact bar stroke adjustment scale (8), adjusting knob (9), impact bar (10), coil (11), device upper cover (12), T-shape bar (13) and supply air line (15); The circular steel disc (13-a) of described T-shape bar (13) by top and the cylindrical bar (13-b) perpendicular to circular steel disc are connected and form, and the lower end of cylindrical bar (13-b) is designed with Voice segment device, and the shape of Voice segment device is the sphere of axial indent; Circular steel disc (13-a) diameter on T-shape bar (13) top is identical with the external diameter of device upper cover (12) bottom with crucible (7), the height of cylindrical bar (13-b) is equal with the height of crucible (7) inwall, the gap passed through for molten metal (6) is left in cylindrical bar (13-b) lower end and crucible (7) bottom, circular steel disc (13-a) is secured in a press between device upper cover (12) and crucible (7), has heat-barrier material (19) between circular steel disc (13-a) and device upper cover (12); Impact bar stroke adjustment scale (8) is screw rod with a scale, and adjusting knob (9) is inside and outside all threaded round nut; Device upper cover (12) crown center has the screwed hole matched with adjusting knob (9) external screw thread, impact bar stroke adjustment scale (8) and adjusting knob (9) are threaded connection composition screw pair, the mode that adjusting knob (9) is threaded connection is fixed on device upper cover (12) top, can realize the Stroke Control to impact bar (10) by rotary impact throw of lever regulation scale (8); Coil (11) is the hollow cylinder become by multiturn copper wire winding, coil (11) is by the hinged middle being vertically mounted on device upper cover (12) internal circular disc, the stepped permanent magnetism iron that impact bar (10) is made up of two sections of cylinders, the upper end of impact bar (10) is S pole, and the lower end of impact bar (10) is N pole; Impact bar (10) is axially placed in coil (11), the external diameter of impact bar (10) epimere is greater than the external diameter of coil (11), the external diameter of impact bar (10) hypomere is equal with the internal diameter of coil (11), coil (11) and impact bar (10) hypomere part are interference fits, and coil (11) play the guiding role to impact bar (10); Supply air line (15) is formed by copper pipe bending, around crucible (7) uniform three and the outer wall that against crucible (7) respectively extends nozzle (5) place; Heating element heater (3) is an annular resistance-type heating collar, is fixed on crucible (7) around.
2. utilize minute metallic molten drop forming apparatus described in claim 1 to form a method for minute metallic molten drop, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A () carries out polishing cleaning to impact bar (10), T-shape bar (13) and clears up crucible (7) inner foreign material, carry out removing surface to high-melting-point or active metal blank, the impurity on removing surface and oxide skin;
B high-melting-point or active metal blank are put into crucible (7) by () in inert environments, pulse current is passed in coil (11), test impact bar motion credibility, in supply air line (15), constantly pass into inert gas simultaneously, setting heating-up temperature, by heating element heater (3) heating crucible (7), after the high-melting-point that crucible (7) is inner or active metal blank are molten into molten metal (6), nozzle (5) just can be full of;
C () passes into pulse alternating current to produce corresponding alternating magnetic field in coil (11), impact bar (10) moves up and down and impacts the positive upper end of T-shape bar (13) in coil (11), stress wave is produced in cylindrical bar (13-b) in T-shape bar (13), this stress wave is delivered to the end of cylindrical bar (13-b), under Voice segment device focussing force, stress wave energy will concentrate on a bit spraying of free surface (16) place, nozzle (5) below and produce metal drop (4);
D () regulates impact bar stroke adjustment scale (8) in conjunction with the scale above it, control the stroke of impact bar (10), and then control the size of being impacted the stress wave that T-shape bar (13) produces by impact bar, the final size controlling the metal drop (4) that injection produces.
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| CN113020607B (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2024-03-12 | 北华航天工业学院 | Device for preparing micro solder balls for chip level packaging by electromagnetic disturbance and flow focusing |
| CN114888310A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-12 | 重庆大学 | Printing platform based on metal droplet sprays |
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| CN102672193A (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2012-09-19 | 西北工业大学 | Metal molten drop ejecting device and method for ejecting high-melting-point metal molten drops using same |
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| US6554166B2 (en) * | 2000-03-14 | 2003-04-29 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Apparatus for producing fine metal balls |
| JP2005146370A (en) * | 2003-11-18 | 2005-06-09 | Fukuda Metal Foil & Powder Co Ltd | Metallic ball made of aluminum, electrolyte injection hole sealing material, and battery produced by using the sealing material |
| CN101912973B (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2012-07-04 | 大连理工大学 | Method and device for preparing uniform solidified particles by orifice injection |
| CN202447671U (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2012-09-26 | 江西悦安超细金属有限公司 | Secondary-acceleration supersonic air-return-preventive atomizing nozzle with ring seams for preparing ultrafine metal powder |
| CN203003153U (en) * | 2013-01-06 | 2013-06-19 | 西北工业大学 | Micro metal drop forming device |
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| CN102672193A (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2012-09-19 | 西北工业大学 | Metal molten drop ejecting device and method for ejecting high-melting-point metal molten drops using same |
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