CN103048916B - Combined type atomic clock - Google Patents
Combined type atomic clock Download PDFInfo
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- CN103048916B CN103048916B CN201210551208.3A CN201210551208A CN103048916B CN 103048916 B CN103048916 B CN 103048916B CN 201210551208 A CN201210551208 A CN 201210551208A CN 103048916 B CN103048916 B CN 103048916B
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- module
- resonance absorption
- atomic
- gas
- magnetic field
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical group [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 10
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000005486 microgravity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
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- Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of combined type atomic clock that the invention discloses, comprising: light source 201, atomic resonance absorption module 202, thermostat module 203, optical detecting unit 204, magnetic field control module 205, microwave radio source 206 and central processing unit 207.Wherein, atomic resonance absorption module 202 is connected with light source 201, thermostat module 203, microwave radio source 204, magnetic field control module 205 successively.Optical detecting unit 204 is connected with atomic resonance absorption module 202.Central processing unit 202 is connected with optical detecting unit 204, magnetic field control module 205, thermostat module 203 successively.The present invention by filling gas M processed, gas N, gas P in resonance absorption bubble.And control three and fill ratio processed, can to realize in resonance absorption bubble total gaseous tension coefficient close to 0, total gas temperature coefficient is close to 0 or be 0, and then overcomes pressure frequency displacement or temperature coefficient frequency displacement.Meanwhile, the present invention has the advantages that structure is simple, accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to atomic clock design field, particularly a kind of combined type atomic clock.
Background technology
Microgravity environment is that the system equipment developing high-precision end provides condition, in micro-gravity conditions, can use the atom of pole jogging speed (slowing down 10-100 doubly than atom conventional art medium velocity).Thus, spectral line can be made to be down to 0.05-0.1Hz.Slow atom also helps the progressive factor reducing much to cause frequency shifts, as: residue Doppler shift, spectral line traction frequency displacement, residue quadratic Zeeman effect, relativistic effect and collide frenquency etc.Atom is in free suspended state in micro-gravity conditions, need not use non-uniform magnetic-field Trapping of Atoms, is conducive to eliminating non-homogeneous broadening of spectral lines.Meanwhile, in the space away from ground, by the noise of shockproof introducing, the interference of electromagnetic field is also little than ground.So microgravity environment is a desirable experimental site carrying out Precise physical measurement.Because the resonance absorption bubble of composed atom clock is an air pressure sensitive device, under microgravity environment, infrabar to atomic clock main performance index, as frequency stability, will produce material impact.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of combined type atomic clock that can be applicable to ground and vacuum environment.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of combined type atomic clock, comprising: light source, for complete the atomic resonance absorption module of quantum transition process, thermostat module, the optical detecting unit detected for the signal exported described atomic resonance absorption module, for providing the magnetic field control module in magnetic field for quantum leap process in described atomic resonance absorption module, for providing microwave radio source and the central processing unit of energy for described atomic resonance absorption module quantum leap process; Described atomic resonance absorption module is connected with described light source, described thermostat module, described microwave radio source, described magnetic field control module successively; Described optical detecting unit is connected with described atomic resonance absorption module; Described central processing unit is connected with described optical detecting unit, described magnetic field control module, described thermostat module successively; Described thermostat module provides stationary temperature for described atomic resonance absorption module; The steady temperature that described central processing unit can realize described thermostat module provides changes.
Further, described atomic resonance suction module comprises: resonance absorption unit, resonator cavity; Described resonance absorption unit is placed in described intra resonant cavity; Described resonator cavity is connected with described light source, described thermostat module, described microwave radio source, described magnetic field control module successively; Described optical detecting unit is detected the signal of light beam after described resonance absorption cell processing that described light source sends by described resonator cavity.
Further, described resonance absorption unit is that the resonance absorption be made up of in blister cavity body structure glass material is steeped.
Further, described magnetic field control module comprises: enameled wire, constant current source; Described enameled wire is wrapped in described resonator cavity outer wall, and is connected with described constant current source; Described constant current source is connected with described central processing unit.
Further, described microwave radio source output frequency near atomic ground state hyperfine structure 0-0 transition center frequency, for completing the scanning of whole atomic spectral line.
Further, the element for radiation laser beam in described light source is A.
Further, elements A and isotope B thereof is filled with in described resonance absorption bubble.
Further, described element A is
87rb, described B element is
85rb.
Further, gas M, gas N, gas P is filled with in described resonance absorption bubble; In described resonance absorption bubble, total gaseous tension coefficient is close to 0, and total gas temperature coefficient is 0.
Further, described gas M is Krypton, and described gas N is hydrogen, and described gas P is nitrogen.
A kind of combined type atomic clock provided by the invention, comprising: light source, atomic resonance absorption module, thermostat module, optical detecting unit, magnetic field control module, microwave radio source and central processing unit.Wherein, atomic resonance absorption module is connected with light source, thermostat module, microwave radio source, magnetic field control module successively.Optical detecting unit is connected with atomic resonance absorption module.Central processing unit is connected with optical detecting unit, magnetic field control module, thermostat module successively.The present invention by filling gas M processed, gas N, gas P in resonance absorption bubble.And control three and fill ratio processed, can to realize in resonance absorption bubble total gaseous tension coefficient close to 0, total gas temperature coefficient is close to 0 or be 0, and then overcomes pressure frequency displacement or temperature coefficient frequency displacement.Meanwhile, the present invention has the advantages that structure is simple, accuracy is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
A kind of combined type atomic clock theory structure schematic diagram that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 201-light source, 202-atomic resonance absorption module, 203-thermostat module, 204-optical detecting unit, 205-magnetic field control module, 206-microwave radio source, 207-central processing unit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment provided by the invention is described in further detail.
See Fig. 1, a kind of combined type atomic clock that the embodiment of the present invention provides, comprising: light source 201, for complete the atomic resonance absorption module 202 of quantum transition process, thermostat module 203, the optical detecting unit 204 detected for the signal exported atomic resonance absorption module 202, for providing the magnetic field control module 205 in magnetic field for quantum leap process in atomic resonance absorption module 202, for providing microwave radio source 206 and the central processing unit 207 of energy for atomic resonance absorption module 202 quantum leap process.Wherein, atomic resonance absorption module 202 is connected with light source 201, thermostat module 203, microwave radio source 204, magnetic field control module 205 successively.Optical detecting unit 204 is connected with atomic resonance absorption module 202.Central processing unit 202 is connected with optical detecting unit 204, magnetic field control module 205, thermostat module 203 successively.
In the present embodiment, thermostat module 203 comprises: thermistor.Central processing unit 207 controls operating ambient temperature in atomic resonance absorption module 202 by thermistor, and then provides constant working temperatures for atomic resonance absorption module 202.
In the present embodiment, atomic resonance is inhaled module 202 and is comprised: resonance absorption unit, resonator cavity.Wherein, resonance absorption unit is placed in intra resonant cavity.Meanwhile, intra resonant cavity is provided with coupling ring, and is connected with light source 201, thermostat module 203, microwave radio source 206, magnetic field control module 205 successively.Optical detecting unit 204 is detected the signal of light beam after resonance absorption cell processing that light source 201 sends by resonator cavity.
Preferably, resonance absorption unit is that the resonance absorption be made up of in blister cavity body structure glass material is steeped.
In the present embodiment, magnetic field control module 205 comprises: enameled wire, constant current source.Wherein, enameled wire is wrapped in resonator cavity outer wall, and is connected with constant current source.Constant current source is connected with central processing unit 202.Central processing unit 202 is by controlling constant current source output current size, and then it is strong and weak to control resonator cavity internal magnetic field by enameled wire.
In the present embodiment, microwave radio source 205 output frequency near atomic ground state hyperfine structure 0-0 transition center frequency, for completing the scanning of whole atomic spectral line.
In the present embodiment, be A for the element of radiation laser beam in light source 201.Elements A and isotope B thereof is filled with in resonance absorption bubble.Preferably, elements A is
87rb, element B is
85rb.
In the present embodiment, in resonance absorption bubble, be also filled with gas M, gas N, gas P by vacuum pump.Wherein, by control gas M, gas N, gas P fill ratio processed, can to realize in resonance absorption bubble total gaseous tension coefficient close to 0, total gas temperature coefficient is close to 0 or be 0.
Preferably, gas M is Krypton, and gas N is hydrogen, and gas P is nitrogen.
Below, by exemplifying several conventional buffer gas pressure coefficient and temperature coefficient, and elaborate to support combined type atomic clock provided by the invention technical matters to be solved to principle of operation of the present invention.
Several conventional buffer gas pressure coefficient and temperature coefficient
| Buffer gas type | Gaseous species pressure coefficient Hz/T0rr | Temperature coefficient Hz/ ° CTorr |
| Argon gas | -59.7 | -0.35 |
| Krypton | -600 | -0.59 |
| Nitrogen | 560 | -0.54 |
| Hydrogen | 660 | 1.0 |
| Neon | 390 | 0.26 |
Wherein, in above-mentioned table, the concrete numerical value of each gas and can fill environment processed and change because of different system, please refer to actual value during design.
In practical application, because resonance absorption bubble is made by glass material, glass envelope wall will produce small deformation under pressure.Deformation quantity varies in size at various pressures, and the deformation of bubble wall, by causing resonance absorption foam to amass, small change occurs.In the present embodiment design process, resonance absorption bubble is not before being filled with buffer gas, and in it, external pressure is all atmospheric pressure, does not produce deformation.Time under atmospheric environment, the buffer gas pressure that inside is filled is less than external atmosphere pressure, and now steeping wall must be out of shape by external pressure, and then makes resonance absorption steep overall volume compression, but buffer gas pressure is controlled by inflation source (vacuum pump), and pressure can accurately ensure filling requirement processed; Under vacuum conditions, outside loses atmospheric environment, owing to steeping the effect of interior gas, and bubble wall generation deformation, overall volume increases, according to gas equation:
in formula P for bubble internal gas pressure, V be that resonance absorption foam is long-pending, T is operating ambient temperature.Under the impact not considering operating ambient temperature T, atomic clock is by ground to space microgravity vacuum environment, and the volume V of resonance absorption bubble becomes large, and P can be caused like this to reduce, and then in bubble, buffer gas will cause pressure frequency displacement, thus atomic clock output signal frequency value is caused to change.
The combined type atomic clock that the present embodiment provides, the pressure coefficient produced according to different buffer gass and temperature coefficient difference (have just have negative), ratio processed is filled by what regulate different buffer gas, to realize in resonance absorption bubble total gaseous tension coefficient close to 0, total gas temperature coefficient is close to 0 or be 0.And then overcome pressure frequency displacement or temperature coefficient frequency displacement.
Concrete control principle comprises:
S1: be filled with Krypton, hydrogen, nitrogen by inflation source in resonance absorption bubble, because three's pressure coefficient is just being born (ginseng sees the above table shown), ratio processed is filled by adjustment Krypton, hydrogen, nitrogen three, control the gaseous tension coefficient of whole resonance absorption bubble close to 0, because the concrete numerical value in upper table can deviation to some extent, therefore have remaining pressure coefficient and produce.
S2: operate according to S1, due to the existence of residual pressure coefficient, when atomic clock is from ground to space time (or space is to ground), due to the change (bubble internal gas pressure is certain) of resonance absorption bubble external pressure, resonance absorption foam can be caused to amass the change of V, and then cause the change of steeping internal gas pressure P.Because gaseous tension coefficient is not 0, frequency displacement will be caused.The present embodiment controls thermostat module 203 by central processing unit 207 makes its temperature T change, therefore, even if resonance absorption foam amasss V change, but according to equation of gaseous state: PV/T=constant, the present embodiment just can ensure that steeping interior pressure P does not change, and then overcomes pressure frequency displacement.Simultaneously, because the change of temperature will cause the temperature coefficient frequency displacement of gas in upper table, therefore, the present embodiment fills ratio processed by control Krypton, hydrogen, nitrogen three, when making its total gas temperature coefficient close to 0 after temperature variation or being 0, and then overcome temperature coefficient frequency displacement.Ensure that combined type atomic clock that the embodiment of the present invention provides is when ground and Space-Work by the measure of S1, S2, resonance absorption bubble internal gas pressure is constant, overcomes pressure frequency displacement.Simultaneously control thermostat module 203 in order to ensure bubble internal gas pressure be constant by central processing unit 207, after taking temperature compensation, also can not cause the temperature coefficient frequency displacement of gas.
In the present embodiment, by the magnetic field intensity that central processing unit 207 regulates magnetic field control module 205 to produce, can realize finely tuning (owing to accurately filling air pressure number processed in S1 to Krypton, hydrogen, nitrogen three gaseous tension coefficient and temperature coefficient, to affect atomic clock accuracy, the present embodiment regulates magnetic field intensity that frequency is adjusted to standard frequency by central processing unit 202).
A kind of combined type atomic clock that the embodiment of the present invention provides, comprising: light source 201, atomic resonance absorption module 202, thermostat module 203, optical detecting unit 204, magnetic field control module 205, microwave radio source 206 and central processing unit 207.Wherein, atomic resonance absorption module 202 is connected with light source 201, thermostat module 203, microwave radio source 204, magnetic field control module 205 successively.Optical detecting unit 204 is connected with atomic resonance absorption module 202.Central processing unit 202 is connected with optical detecting unit 204, magnetic field control module 205, thermostat module 203 successively.The present invention by filling gas M processed, gas N, gas P in resonance absorption bubble.And control three and fill ratio processed, can to realize in resonance absorption bubble total gaseous tension coefficient close to 0, total gas temperature coefficient is close to 0 or be 0, and then overcomes pressure frequency displacement or temperature coefficient frequency displacement.Meanwhile, the present invention has the advantages that structure is simple, accuracy is high.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to example to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a combined type atomic clock, it is characterized in that, comprise: light source (201), for completing the atomic resonance absorption module (202) of quantum transition process, thermostat module (203), for the optical detecting unit (204) that the signal exported described atomic resonance absorption module (202) detects, for providing the magnetic field control module (205) in magnetic field for quantum leap process in described atomic resonance absorption module (202), for providing microwave radio source (206) and the central processing unit (207) of energy for described atomic resonance absorption module (202) quantum leap process,
Described atomic resonance absorption module (202) is connected with described light source (201), described thermostat module (203), described microwave radio source (206), described magnetic field control module (205) successively;
Described optical detecting unit (204) is connected with described atomic resonance absorption module (202);
Described central processing unit (207) is connected with described optical detecting unit (204), described magnetic field control module (205), described thermostat module (203) successively;
Described thermostat module (203) provides stationary temperature for described atomic resonance absorption module (202);
The steady temperature that described central processing unit (207) can realize described thermostat module (203) provides changes;
Described atomic resonance is inhaled module and is comprised: resonance absorption unit, resonator cavity;
Described resonance absorption unit is placed in described intra resonant cavity;
Described resonator cavity is connected with described light source (201), described thermostat module (203), described microwave radio source (206), described magnetic field control module (205) successively;
Described optical detecting unit (204) is detected the signal of light beam after described resonance absorption cell processing that described light source (201) sends by described resonator cavity;
Described resonance absorption unit is that the resonance absorption be made up of in blister cavity body structure glass material is steeped;
Gas M, gas N, gas P is filled with in described resonance absorption bubble;
In described resonance absorption bubble, total gaseous tension coefficient is close to 0, and total gas temperature coefficient is 0;
Described gas M is Krypton, and described gas N is hydrogen, and described gas P is nitrogen.
2. combined type atomic clock according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described magnetic field control module (205) comprising: enameled wire, constant current source;
Described enameled wire is wrapped in described resonator cavity outer wall, and is connected with described constant current source;
Described constant current source is connected with described central processing unit (207).
3. combined type atomic clock according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
Described microwave radio source (206) output frequency near atomic ground state hyperfine structure 0-0 transition center frequency, for completing the scanning of whole atomic spectral line.
4. combined type atomic clock according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
Element for radiation laser beam in described light source (201) is A.
5. combined type atomic clock according to claim 4, is characterized in that:
Elements A and isotope B thereof is filled with in described resonance absorption bubble.
6. combined type atomic clock according to claim 5, is characterized in that:
Described element A is
87rb, described B element is
85rb.
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| CN201210551208.3A CN103048916B (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2012-12-17 | Combined type atomic clock |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210551208.3A CN103048916B (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2012-12-17 | Combined type atomic clock |
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| CN103048916A CN103048916A (en) | 2013-04-17 |
| CN103048916B true CN103048916B (en) | 2015-10-07 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2015228461A (en) * | 2014-06-02 | 2015-12-17 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Atomic resonance transition device, atomic oscillator, electronic apparatus, and movable body |
| CN105912786A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-08-31 | 江汉大学 | Atomic frequency standard simulation system of external field intensity excitation type |
| US10520900B2 (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2019-12-31 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Methods and apparatus for magnetically compensated chip scale atomic clock |
| JP2019121853A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-22 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Atomic oscillator, frequency signal generation system, and magnetic field control method for atomic oscillator |
Citations (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202563269U (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-11-28 | 江汉大学 | Atomic clock long-term stability optimization apparatus |
| CN203086443U (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-07-24 | 江汉大学 | Ground space atom frequency marker |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2924826B1 (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2010-03-05 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | ATOMIC CLOCK WITH CORRECTION OF THE AMBIENT MAGNETIC FIELD |
| JP2010245585A (en) * | 2009-04-01 | 2010-10-28 | Seiko Epson Corp | Quantum frequency standard, and time control system |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202563269U (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-11-28 | 江汉大学 | Atomic clock long-term stability optimization apparatus |
| CN203086443U (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-07-24 | 江汉大学 | Ground space atom frequency marker |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 小型化汽泡型铷原子频标的实现;李超等;《宇航计测技术》;20090228;第29卷(第1期);37-42 * |
| 靳冬.CPT87Rb-maser星载钟相关电子系统研究.《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库(硕士)工程科技Ⅱ辑》.2007,(第06期),8-14. * |
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