CN103048599A - Characteristic test device for photovoltaic cell - Google Patents
Characteristic test device for photovoltaic cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN103048599A CN103048599A CN2012104546523A CN201210454652A CN103048599A CN 103048599 A CN103048599 A CN 103048599A CN 2012104546523 A CN2012104546523 A CN 2012104546523A CN 201210454652 A CN201210454652 A CN 201210454652A CN 103048599 A CN103048599 A CN 103048599A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a characteristic test device for a photovoltaic cell. An illumination intensity sensor and a photovoltaic cell to be tested are arranged outdoors. A temperature sensor clings to the back surface of the photovoltaic cell. The negative end of a charging capacitor is grounded, and the positive end of the charging capacitor is connected with a common pin of a single-pole double-throw switch. One end of a discharging resistor is grounded, and the other end of the discharging resistor is connected to a selection pin of the single-pole double-throw switch. The anode of the photovoltaic cell to be tested is connected to another selection pin of the single-pole double-throw switch, and the cathode of the photovoltaic cell to be tested is grounded. One end of a Hall current sensor is sleeved on an anode output wire of the photovoltaic cell, and the other end of the Hall current sensor is connected with an oscilloscope probe. A voltage probe of an oscilloscope is connected in parallel between the anode and the cathode of the photovoltaic cell. The illumination intensity sensor is arranged at a position close to the photovoltaic cell to be tested outdoors. The illumination intensity sensor and the photovoltaic cell to be tested are illuminated at the same angle. Signals received by the sensors are transmitted to the oscilloscope for display.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of photovoltaic cell proving installation.
Background technology
Photovoltaic cell is constant current output in certain output voltage range, produces maximum power point under the specific voltage value near voltage knee, as shown in Figure 1.In order to obtain photovoltaic cell voltage-to-current curve, classic method at slide rheostat of output terminal access, by changing resistance value, obtains some voltage-to-current coordinate points usually, then sets up coordinate axis and retouches out the voltage-to-current curve.If expect the continually varying curve, then need the automatically resistance of variation, and then require to use Electric Machine Control, control and method of testing are very loaded down with trivial details.Also Just because of this, the common cost of traditional test equipment is high.And most of existing voltage-to-current curve tester device all is for the detection more than 50 kilowatts, and the similar products unit price does not wait to hundreds of thousands unit at several ten thousand yuan, such as the IV400 tester of Italian HT company exploitation.And almost do not have for the VI curve tester device of low profile photovoltaic matrix and single solar panel.
Chinese patent CN201010046547.7 " photovoltaic combining inverter and method of testing with photovoltaic array IV test function " discloses a kind of photovoltaic combining inverter with photovoltaic array voltage-to-current test function, consisted of by converter main circuit and system controller, as shown in Figure 5.Converter main circuit adopts voltage source inverter, comprises single-phase and the three-phase grid system, it is characterized in that: the current sensor CT1 that is provided for measuring the photovoltaic array input current between photovoltaic array input port and filter capacitor C1; Be provided for measuring the DC bus-bar voltage sensor VT1 of filter capacitor C1 terminal voltage; Output port at photovoltaic array arranges dc circuit breaker K1, and the output total current of photovoltaic array is through described dc circuit breaker K1 input photovoltaic combining inverter, DC bus-bar voltage sensor VT1 and current sensor CT1.The present invention is applicable to conventional grid-connected inverting system, can conveniently test the voltage-current characteristic of photovoltaic array, but can not flexible Application test to the voltage-current characteristic of single photovoltaic cell.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome conventional photovoltaic cell voltage-testing current instrument cost height can not test flexibly again the shortcoming of single photovoltaic cell output characteristics, propose a kind of photovoltaic cell characteristic test device.The present invention can realize voltage, the electric current to photovoltaic cell, the accurate measurement of power, provides the data basis for further realizing MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT).The present invention can also detect in real time to temperature and illumination, and then the photovoltaic cell electrical specification under the different operating situation is measured.
Apparatus of the present invention comprise charging capacitor, discharge resistance, single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), intensity of illumination sensor, temperature sensor, Hall current sensor, light intensity signal processing module, processes temperature signal module, power transfer module and oscillograph etc.The intensity of illumination sensor is used for measuring the radiant quantity that photovoltaic cell to be measured receives, and outside the holding chamber, the intensity of illumination sensor is placed on distance photovoltaic cell closer locations to be measured in the lump for intensity of illumination sensor and photovoltaic battery panel to be measured.Temperature sensor is close to the back side of photovoltaic battery panel, is used for measuring the working temperature of photovoltaic cell.The light intensity signal processing module is in order to the light intensity signal that amplifies and filtering is produced by the intensity of illumination sensor, and its input end connects the intensity of illumination sensor, the output terminal access oscillograph of light intensity signal processing module.The input end of processes temperature signal module connects temperature sensor, and the output terminal access oscillograph of processes temperature signal module is in order to the temperature signal that amplifies and filtering is produced by temperature sensor.Power transfer module is a rectifier, its input end directly is connected on the 220V AC network, rectification circuit, mu balanced circuit and filtering circuit through power transfer module inside, final output 24V direct current, the power pins that described 24V direct supply is connected to current sensor is its power supply, the 24V direct supply is also connected to the power pins of the signal amplifier in the processes temperature signal module simultaneously, is the processes temperature signal module for power supply.Single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) and oscillograph are alternating current (AC) directly-powered by 220V.
The negativing ending grounding of charging capacitor, the anode of charging capacitor is connected on the common pin of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT).One end ground connection of discharge resistance, the other end of discharge resistance are connected on the selection pin of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT).Photovoltaic cell positive pole to be measured is connected on another selection pin of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), photovoltaic cell minus earth to be measured.By single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), charging capacitor can be between photovoltaic cell and discharge resistance commutation circuit.One end of Hall current sensor is socketed on the anodal output lead of photovoltaic cell, measures the output current wave of photovoltaic cell, and the other end of Hall current sensor connects oscilloprobe, and current waveform is sent into oscillograph.The voltage probe that oscillograph carries is connected in parallel between the both positive and negative polarity of photovoltaic cell, measures the output voltage waveforms of photovoltaic cell.Voltage signal and current signal are multiplied each other, just obtain the powertrace of photovoltaic cell, be presented on the oscillograph in the lump.The intensity of illumination sensor is used for measuring the intensity of illumination that photovoltaic cell to be measured receives, and is placed on outdoor distance photovoltaic cell closer locations to be measured during use.By adjusting intensity of illumination sensor angle, make intensity of illumination sensor and photovoltaic cell to be measured be positioned at same angle and accept illumination, light intensity sensor converts intensity of illumination to voltage signal output, sends into oscilloscope display after by the light intensity signal processing module this voltage signal being amplified.Temperature sensor converts temperature signal to voltage signal, and the sensor output terminal is taken over low-pass filtering and connected oscilloprobe, and temperature signal is sent into oscilloscope display.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the electrical specification curve of photovoltaic cell;
Fig. 2 is structure principle chart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that photovoltaic cell is without the test result under the obnubilation state;
Fig. 4 is the test result under the photovoltaic cell simulation obnubilation state;
Fig. 5 is Chinese patent CN201010046547.7 Figure of abstract.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 2, the present invention includes charging capacitor, discharge resistance, timing single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), intensity of illumination sensor, temperature sensor, Hall current sensor, light intensity signal processing module, processes temperature signal module, power transfer module and oscillograph.
The intensity of illumination sensor is used for measuring the radiant quantity that photovoltaic cell to be measured receives, and outside the holding chamber, the intensity of illumination sensor is placed on distance photovoltaic cell closer locations to be measured in the lump for intensity of illumination sensor and photovoltaic battery panel to be measured.Temperature sensor is close to the back side of photovoltaic battery panel, is used for measuring the working temperature of photovoltaic cell.The light intensity signal processing module is in order to the light intensity signal that amplifies and filtering is produced by the intensity of illumination sensor, and its input end connects the intensity of illumination sensor, the output terminal access oscillograph of light intensity signal processing module.The input end of processes temperature signal module connects temperature sensor, and the output terminal access oscillograph of processes temperature signal module is in order to the temperature signal that amplifies and filtering is produced by temperature sensor.Power transfer module is a rectifier, converts the 220V alternating voltage to the 24V DC voltage, is above each sensor and module for power supply.
The negativing ending grounding of described charging capacitor, the anode of charging capacitor is connected on the common pin of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT).One end ground connection of discharge resistance, the other end of discharge resistance are connected on the selection pin of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT).Photovoltaic cell positive pole to be measured is connected on another selection pin of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), photovoltaic cell minus earth to be measured.By single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), charging capacitor can be between photovoltaic cell and discharge resistance commutation circuit.One end of Hall current sensor is socketed on the anodal output lead of photovoltaic cell, measures the output current wave of photovoltaic cell, and the other end of Hall current sensor connects oscilloprobe, and current waveform is sent into oscilloscope display.The voltage probe that oscillograph carries is connected in parallel between the both positive and negative polarity of photovoltaic cell, measures the output voltage waveforms of photovoltaic cell, and shows at oscillograph.Voltage signal and current signal are multiplied each other, just obtain the powertrace of photovoltaic cell, be presented on the oscillograph in the lump.The intensity of illumination sensor is used for measuring the radiant quantity of the solar irradiation that photovoltaic cell to be measured receives.By adjusting the angle of intensity of illumination sensor, make intensity of illumination sensor and photovoltaic cell to be measured be positioned at same angle and accept illumination.Light intensity sensor converts intensity of illumination to voltage signal output, sends into oscilloscope display after by the light intensity signal processing module this signal being amplified.The model of light intensity signal processing module is CHT-50mV/VO.Temperature sensor converts temperature signal to voltage signal and sends into oscilloscope display.
When single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) was connected to photovoltaic cell end to be measured, photovoltaic cell to be measured and charging capacitor consisted of a charge circuit.According to formula: V=C * ∫ Idt, wherein, the V capacitance voltage, I photovoltaic cell output current, C are capacitance.When photovoltaic cell to be measured during to the electric capacity constant-current charge, capacitance voltage is linear to rise, and the ratio of voltage and electric current is also increasing, and this moment, the external characteristics of electric capacity just can be regarded the slide rheostat of a resistance increase as.When capacitance voltage is charged to the open-loop voltage of photovoltaic battery panel from 0V, finished a measuring period.Extremely short because of capacitor charging time, can regard a time point as, therefore can obtain the electrical specification of this moment photovoltaic cell to be measured.
For the electrical specification of Real Time Monitoring photovoltaic battery panel, need to carry out discharging and recharging repeatedly to electric capacity, the present invention adopts single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) to realize that circuit switches.When single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) electric capacity was switched to discharge resistance, electric capacity and discharge resistance consisted of a capacitance-resistance discharge loop, and capacitance voltage is reverted to 0V, waited for charging and the measurement of next cycle.The voltage probe that the present invention carries with current sensor and oscillograph gathers the respective electric signal, and sends into oscillograph and intuitively show, voltage and electric current are multiplied each other obtains the powertrace of photovoltaic cell to be measured.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are for using the result of apparatus of the present invention test photovoltaic battery panel, and as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, three curves are respectively current waveform, voltage waveform and power waveform.Fig. 3 is the test result under the cloudless occlusion state, can find out that the electrical specification of single photovoltaic battery panel and theoretical value shown in Figure 1 are close, and in certain voltage range, constant current output near the voltage knee place, produces maximum power point.Fig. 4 can see that for the test result of simulation obnubilation state electric current is a greater impact.
The present invention treats simultaneously temperature and the illumination of photometry volt battery and measures, therefore can be in the constant situation of condition of control, and the impact of the photovoltaic cell of research another one condition.Such as the contrast of Fig. 4 and Fig. 3, controlled that the two is temperature-resistant, only change illumination condition, can obtain illumination by the variation of observing the two waveform on the impact of photovoltaic cell characteristic.In like manner, controlled light intensity is constant, only changes temperature, just can study temperature to the output impact of photovoltaic cell.
Claims (3)
1. photovoltaic cell characteristic test device, it is characterized in that described proving installation comprises charging capacitor, discharge resistance, timing single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), intensity of illumination sensor, temperature sensor, current sensor, light intensity signal processing module, processes temperature signal module, power transfer module and oscillograph; Photovoltaic battery panel to be measured is placed on outdoor; Described intensity of illumination sensor is placed on outdoor distance photovoltaic cell closer locations to be measured; Described temperature sensor is close to the back side of photovoltaic battery panel; The input end of described light intensity signal processing module is connected to the intensity of illumination sensor, and the output terminal access oscillograph of described light intensity signal processing module is in order to the light intensity signal that amplifies and filtering is produced by the intensity of illumination sensor; The input end of described processes temperature signal module connects temperature sensor, and the output terminal access oscillograph of described processes temperature signal module is in order to the temperature signal that amplifies and filtering is produced by temperature sensor; The input end of power transfer module is connected to the 220V AC network, rectification circuit, mu balanced circuit and filtering circuit through power transfer module inside, final output 24V direct current, the power pins that described 24V direct supply is connected to current sensor is its power supply, the 24V direct supply is also connected to the power pins of the signal amplifier in the processes temperature signal module simultaneously, is the processes temperature signal module for power supply; The negativing ending grounding of described charging capacitor, the anode of charging capacitor connects the common pin of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT); One end ground connection of described discharge resistance, the other end of discharge resistance are connected on the selection pin of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT); The positive pole of photovoltaic cell to be measured is connected on another selection pin of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), photovoltaic cell minus earth to be measured; One end of described Hall current sensor is socketed on the anodal output lead of photovoltaic cell, and the other end of Hall current sensor connects oscilloprobe; The voltage probe that oscillograph carries is connected in parallel between the both positive and negative polarity of photovoltaic cell.
2. according to photovoltaic cell characteristic test device claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described intensity of illumination sensor and photovoltaic battery panel to be measured are positioned at same angle and receive illumination.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described photovoltaic cell characteristic test devices, it is characterized in that described light intensity sensor converts intensity of illumination to voltage signal output, sends into oscilloscope display after the light intensity signal processing module is amplified; Described temperature sensor converts temperature signal to voltage signal and sends into oscilloscope display.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104849601A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-08-19 | 黑龙江省计量检定测试院 | Integrated measurement apparatus of photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN105162415A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-12-16 | 中山大学 | Current and voltage tester for photovoltaic array |
| CN107015087A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-04 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of capacitive property detection method of photoelectric device |
| CN109245721A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-18 | 河海大学 | A kind of thermophotovoltaic performance test apparatus |
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| CN101635540A (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2010-01-27 | 河海大学 | Device and method for tracking photovoltaic maximum power point |
| CN101752877A (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2010-06-23 | 合肥工业大学 | Photovoltaic synchronization inverter with photovoltaic array IV test function and test method |
| CN102056380A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-05-11 | 浙江工业大学 | Distributed synchronization solar energy street lamp control system |
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| WO2001048495A1 (en) * | 1999-12-23 | 2001-07-05 | Gelcore Company | Non-linear light-emitting load current control |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104849601A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-08-19 | 黑龙江省计量检定测试院 | Integrated measurement apparatus of photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN105162415A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-12-16 | 中山大学 | Current and voltage tester for photovoltaic array |
| CN107015087A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-04 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of capacitive property detection method of photoelectric device |
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| CN109245721A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-18 | 河海大学 | A kind of thermophotovoltaic performance test apparatus |
| CN109245721B (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2021-04-06 | 河海大学 | Thermophotovoltaic cell performance test equipment |
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Application publication date: 20130417 |