CN1030439C - Composite vegetable board and manufacturing process thereof - Google Patents
Composite vegetable board and manufacturing process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1030439C CN1030439C CN 89105035 CN89105035A CN1030439C CN 1030439 C CN1030439 C CN 1030439C CN 89105035 CN89105035 CN 89105035 CN 89105035 A CN89105035 A CN 89105035A CN 1030439 C CN1030439 C CN 1030439C
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- vegetable material
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a technological method for manufacturing an artificial plate by adopting plant fiber and a plate main body manufactured by the method. A technological process comprises plant material processing and treatment, adhesive agent application, laying, pre-pressing and pressed forming. The technological method is characterized in that adopted plant materials comprise straws, cores, shells, grass of crops, such as paddy rice, maize, cotton, etc. and reed, bamboo fiber door mat, cane trash, coconut piths, couch grass, etc.; the materials are firstly rolled before being crushed, and the modified processing which further destructs skin silicon components of the materials and reduces sugar content is carried out by adopting a chemical method before the materials are baked. The physical and mechanical performance of the plate is good.
Description
The invention relates to process that adopts string to make artificial board and the sheet material itself that this method is made.Technical process comprises vegetable material processing processing, applies bonding agent, paving prefabricating, compression moulding.
At present, the raw material of producing wood-based plate still has comparative advantage with timber, yet the contradiction of wood raw material shortage is also obvious, and entering the coffin-die aptitude source has been decline trend, so this contradiction can be more outstanding, produces wood-based plate with timber and is difficult to that bigger development is arranged.
In recent years, develop some straw both at home and abroad successively with crops, stalks etc. are (as corn stalk, bagasse) replace the method that timber is made wood-based plate, the crops regeneration period is short, stock number is huge, with its straw of discarding in the past, stalks etc. make to produce raw material of artifical plate, have a high potential, but existing plate-making method respectively has its imperfection part, as it is single to exist raw material variety, problems such as manufacture method is coarse, example, the Chinese patent CN87103594(day for announcing 871125) described " a kind of method " with producing corn-stalk plate, it has only provided the method that adopts corn stalk system wood-based plate, and its technical process comprises the crushing maize straw, execute and mix bonding agent, the precompressed base, hot-forming.Do not consider unfavorable factor in the manufacture process: the problem that a large amount sugar part and core exist etc. as not adding processing, can influence the water absorption rate of sheet material, physical and mechanical properties such as intensity, and the bonding agent consumption also can be big, and too much sugar part is not reduced, then be subject to mushroom and corrode, fermentation influences fibre strength; And core fibre is soft flocculent structure, light weight, has porous, and water content is big, and not preliminary treatment meeting influences the sheet material physical and mechanical property, also can increase the bonding agent consumption.
The object of the present invention is to provide the artificial composite plank and the production technology thereof of a kind of raw material variety string replacement widely timber, this composite plate physical and mechanical property is good.Widely applicable.
The inventive method main points are:
Annual plant composite plate manufacturing process comprises vegetable material screening, vegetable material fragmentation, dries, applies bonding agent, paving prefabricating, and the compression moulding step is characterized in that:
1, vegetable material screening comprises following a few class: (1) straw, (2) rice husk, (3) wheat straw, the belt carcass vegetable material that (4) sugar content is high, smooth, the hard vegetable material of (5) epidermis.
2, the straw of screening is executed fragmentation before, roll, to destroy the siliceous composition of its epidermis, capillary in advance.
3, breaking length is 4-25mm, removes attritive powder with 70 mesh sieves.
4, modification is handled:
(1), straw: before the oven dry evenly spray concentration be the sodium sulphite of 2-4%, vegetable material: sodium sulfite=1: 0.06-0.1, cover oven dry after 4-8 hour with plastic foil,
(2), rice husk: after rolling fragmentation, in drying course, add sodium sulfite, vegetable material: sodium sulfite=1: 0.05,
(3), wheat straw: add lime and stir vegetable material: lime=1: 0.2, the plastic sheeting capping is used in the back, keeps 40-60 ℃, quiet putting 12-24 hour,
(4), vegetable material that sugar content is high such as sorghum straw, corn stalk, bagasse: put into after the fragmentation and hold the pond, evenly spray chemical agent then, the envelope pond keeps 40 ℃ of temperature, seals the time more than 36 hours up for safekeeping, the prescription of chemical agent is, water: lime=5: 1, add concentration again and be 0.2% dilute sulfuric acid, consumption is 3% of water, a grey consumption, stir
(5), smooth, hard vegetable material such as reed, the mao bamboon etc. of epidermis, modification processing method is with (4).
5, oven dry back moisture content is 3-4%.
6, vegetable material adds binding agent etc., and stirs.Binding agent is a Lauxite, and solids content is 60-65%, increases an amount of mould inhibitor, waterproofing agent, fire retardant and Water fixing agent, vegetable material: binding agent=1: 0.10-0.18.
7, compression moulding, its temperature are 130-160 ℃, and pressure is 20-30kg/cm
2, the time is 12-22 minute.
The invention has the advantages that: (1) raw material sources are extensive, cost is low; (2) physical and mechanical property of composite plate good (can reach) as following table 1 listed index; (3) composite plate is of many uses, is suitable for sheet materials such as packing, decoration, furniture, building.
Table 1: composite plate physical and mechanical property index test result of the present invention.
Table one
The index test result
Unit weight 550-1000kg/m
3
MOR 10～19.5MPa
Thermal conductivity factor 0.12～0.193W/(mk)
Water sucting thickness expands 6.3～9.5%
Moisture content 7～10%
Tensile strength 3.5～8MPa
Nail-holding ability 30～50kg
Angularity diagonal maximum is no more than 8mm
15 freeze thawing of frost resistance circulation (-20 ± 3 ℃ of temperature)
The surface has obscission slightly, and it is quiet to freeze the back
Qu Qiangdu 4.4MPa
The present invention can be further specified by following examples.
Fig. 1 is a kind of process chart of the present invention.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, a kind of concrete steps of process of the present invention are as follows:
1, vegetable material screening.
2, vegetable material rolls fragmentation.
Roll: can adopt pair roller roller or agricultural stone to grind vegetable material is rolled, destroy the siliceous composition of its epidermis, capillary, through rolling the physical and mechanical property that can improve composite plate greatly, as the composite plate of making without the rice husk that rolls processing, water sucting thickness is expanded to more than 14%, loses use value; And the composite plate water sucting thickness of making after rolling expansion only is 7%.
Broken: crusher in crushing such as grass, shell, seedling and so on vegetable material is selected agricultural feed grinder for use, and other material can be selected hammer for use, and is tooth-like.Broken specification (vegetable material material footpath length) will be looked the composite plate purposes of making at last and determine: the wallboard that requirement of strength is high, broken specification should be controlled at 5～20mm; Require sound-absorbing effect good and the ceiling of sufficient intensity is arranged, should be at 10～25mm; Certain intensity should be arranged, again can not the excessive furniture plate of unit weight, should be at 4～18mm; Requirement of strength height, unit weight require greatly and require the building template of the certain rigidity of tool, should be at 4～12mm; Requirement has the floor of higher-strength and certain heat-insulating property, then should be at 8～15mm.
3, the vegetable material modification is handled.
It is vital that modification is handled, and it is that to adopt chemical method further to destroy the vegetable material epidermis siliceous, and capillary reduces the processing method of sugar content, handles through this, and the mildew-resistant of composite plate, fire prevention, water resistance improve greatly.Different according to vegetable material kind and its characteristic, the chemical method of employing is different, below enumerates the modification processing method separately of several or number class vegetable material.
1. rice husk:
After rolling fragmentation, remove fine powder, in drying course, add sodium sulfite (consumption be rice husk weight 5%) with 70 mesh sieves.
2. straw:
Fine powder is removed with 70 mesh sieves in broken back, before the oven dry evenly spray concentration be 2～4% sodium sulfite (consumption be straw 6～10%), cover with plastic sheeting and dry again after 4～8 hours.
3. wheat straw:
Promptly carry out modification after rolling and handle, broken then, oven dry.Modification processing method is: add lime (consumption is a wheat straw 20%) and stir, the plastic sheeting capping is used in the back, keeps 40～60 ℃, quiet putting 12～24 hours.
4. sorghum straw, corn stalk, bagasse, Sunflower Stalk, hemp stalk (vegetable material that sugar content is high).
It is high that this class vegetable material contains sugar, adds chemical agent and handle, and makes it sugar content and drop to below 4%.
Put into after the fragmentation and hold the pond, evenly spray chemical agent, Feng Chi then, use the plastic sheeting capping, keep 40 ℃ of temperature, sealed up for safekeeping 36 hours or longer (being as the criterion until material is softening).The compound method of said chemical agent is: with weight ratio is 5: 1 water, and lime mixes, and then to add concentration be 0.2% dilute sulfuric acid (consumption be water, grey consumption 3%), and stirring gets final product.
5. reed, mao bamboon, cogongrass etc., processing method is with 4..
4, vegetable material oven dry:
Can adopt convection type or direct contact type drying machine drying.Require oven dry back moisture content to be lower than 3～4%.
5, vegetable material collocation:
This comprises two layers of meaning: the one, and variety matching, two are to use specification (path length) collocation.
Below enumerate 7 kinds of collocation examples.
1. independent a kind of vegetable material is used specification collocation example:
Specification mm 12～15 8～11 4～below 73
Consumption % 15～25 30～40 20～30 15
2. various plants material collocation example 1:
Specification mm 15～25 10～14 5～below 94
Kind %
Straw 10 15 25 10
Cotton stalk 10 5
Reed 55
Cogongrass 10 5
Add up to 15 20 45 20
3. various plants material collocation example 2:
Specification mm 15～25 10～14 5～below 94
Kind %
Wheat straw 8 15 25 7
Straw 10 55
Corn stalk 5 10 10
Add up to 18 25 40 17
4. various plants material collocation example 3:
Specification mm 15～25 10～14 5～below 94
Kind %
Corn stalk 20 15 5
Sunflower Stalk 10 5 10 5
Cogongrass 15 10 5
Add up to 25 25 35 15
5. various plants material collocation example 5:
Specification mm 15～25 10～14 5～below 94
Kind %
Rice husk 70
Beanstalk 15 10 5
Add up to 15 10 5 70
6. various plants material collocation example 6:
Specification mm 15～25 10～14 5～below 94
Kind %
Eggplant seedling 15 20 25 5
Mao bamboon 10 15 10
Add up to 15 30 40 15
7. various plants material collocation example 7:
Specification mm 15～25 10～14 5～below 94
Kind %
Sugarcane 10 10 15 5
Coconut palm marrow 20 20
Hemp stalk 5 10 5
Add up to 15 30 45 10
More than be several preferable collocation examples, in fact also have many collocation modes, inconvenient here exhaustive.Total collocating principle is: use the specification should not be greater than 25mm, and the material ratio of 25mm will be less than 20～25%.
In addition, can add perlite, vermiculite, flyash, slag etc. as required, its addition should not surpass 8～10% of vegetable material.
6, vegetable material adds additive such as bonding agent and curing agent and stirs.
The additive types of bonding agent and adapted thereof and and vegetable material weight proportion example provide following several:
1. vegetable material: bonding agent=1: 0.1～0.18
Bonding agent: curing agent=1: 0.01～0.04
Bonding agent wherein is meant that solids content is 60～65% pollopas, and curing agent adopts ammonium chloride or ammonium chloride and urea mixed solution etc.
In addition, visual composite plate purposes and add fire retardant in right amount, additives such as mould inhibitor, hydrophober.
2. vegetable material: bonding agent=1: 0.08～0.16
Bonding agent: curing agent I=1: 0.02～0.04
Bonding agent: curing agent II=1: 0.20～0.25
Wherein, bonding agent is meant that solids content is 60～75% phenolic resins, the curing agent I with example 1., the curing agent II is the polymethyl benzene sulfonic acid of concentration 50%.
Also can add fire retardant in addition, hydrophober, mould inhibitor etc.
3. vegetable material: bonding agent=1: 0.08～0.15
Bonding agent: curing agent=1: 0.02～0.04
Wherein, bonding agent is pollopas and carbimide intermixture, and the carbimide dosage should be limited in 10～15% of pollopas consumption, adds too much to make composite plate result from human body harmful's toxicity, and curing agent with example 1..
7, paving prefabricating:
The material that stirs in the step 6 is paved into certain specification, and the uniform slab of density is used the preformer precompressed then, and the effect of precompressed is to make slab can keep material even in course of conveying all the time, thereby does not influence the physical and mechanical property and the presentation quality of composite plate.
7, with the hot press compression moulding of the slab after the precompressed:
1. temperature generally is controlled at 130～160 ℃, is advisable with 140 ℃;
2. maximum pressure is controlled at 20～30kg/cm
2
3. hot pressing time is preferably determined according to composite plate thickness, and is thick more, and the time should be longer more.Provide following preferable thickness of slab and hot pressing time relationship example:
Thickness of slab 5～10mm, hot pressing time 12～15 minutes
Thickness of slab 12～16mm, hot pressing time 15～18 minutes
Thickness of slab 19～25mm, hot pressing time 18～22 minutes.
Claims (7)
1, annual plant composite plate manufacturing process comprises vegetable material screening, vegetable material fragmentation, dries, applies bonding agent, paving prefabricating, and the compression moulding step is characterized in that:
(1), the screening straw,
(2), the straw of screening executed fragmentation before, roll, destroying the siliceous composition of its epidermis in advance, capillary,
(3), breaking length is 4-25mm, removes attritive powder with 70 mesh sieves,
(4), before the oven dry evenly spray concentration be the sodium sulfite of 2-4%, vegetable material: sodium sulfite=1: 0.06-0.1, covers after 4-8 hour and dries,
(5), oven dry back moisture content is 3-4%,
(6), vegetable material adds Lauxite, solids content is 60-65%, increases an amount of mould inhibitor, waterproofing agent, fire retardant and Water fixing agent, and stirs vegetable material: binding agent=1: 0.10-0.18,
(7), compression moulding, its temperature is 130-160 ℃, pressure is 20-30kg/cm
2, the time is 12-22 minute.
2, annual plant composite plate manufacturing process comprises vegetable material screening, vegetable material fragmentation, dries, applies bonding agent, paving prefabricating, compression moulding step, it is characterized in that:
(1), the screening rice husk,
(2), the rice husk of screening executed fragmentation before, roll, destroying the siliceous composition of its epidermis in advance, capillary,
(3), breaking length is 4-25mm, removes attritive powder with 70 mesh sieves,
(4), add sodium sulfite in when oven dry, vegetable material: sodium sulfite=1: 0.05,
(5), vegetable material adds the binding agent Lauxite, solids content is 60-65%, increases an amount of mould inhibitor, waterproofing agent, fire retardant and Water fixing agent, and stirs vegetable material: binding agent=1: 0.10-0.18,
(6), compression moulding, its temperature is 130-160 ℃, pressure is 20-30kg/cm
2, the time is 12-22 minute.
3, annual plant composite plate manufacturing process comprises vegetable material screening, vegetable material fragmentation, dries, applies bonding agent, paving prefabricating, compression moulding step, it is characterized in that:
(1), the screening wheat straw,
(2), roll, destroying the siliceous composition of its epidermis, capillary,
(3), add lime and stir vegetable material: lime=1: 0.2, with back plastic sheeting capping, keep 40-60 ℃, quiet putting 12-24 hour,
(4), fragmentation, breaking length is 4-25mm,
(5), the oven dry after moisture content be 3-4%,
(6), vegetable material adds the binding agent Lauxite, solids content is 60-65%, increases an amount of mould inhibitor, waterproofing agent, fire retardant and Water fixing agent, and stirs vegetable material: binding agent=1: 0.10-0.18,
(7), compression moulding, its temperature is 130-160 ℃, pressure is 20-30kg/cm
2, the time is 12-22 minute.
4, annual plant composite plate manufacturing process comprises vegetable material screening, vegetable material fragmentation, dries, applies bonding agent, paving prefabricating, compression moulding step, it is characterized in that:
(1), screening sugar content high belt carcass vegetable material,
(2), the vegetable material of screening executed fragmentation before, roll, destroying the siliceous composition of its epidermis in advance, capillary,
(3), breaking length 4-25mm, put into after the fragmentation and hold the pond, evenly spray chemical agent then, the envelope pond keeps 40 ℃ of temperature, seals the time more than 36 hours up for safekeeping, the prescription of chemical agent is: water: lime=5: 1, adding concentration again is that 0.2% consumption is the dilute sulfuric acid of water, grey consumption 3%, stirs
(4), the oven dry after moisture content be 3-4%,
(5), vegetable material adds the binding agent Lauxite, solids content is 60-65%, increases an amount of mould inhibitor, waterproofing agent, fire retardant and Water fixing agent, and stirs vegetable material: binding agent=1: 0.10-0.18,
(6), compression moulding, its temperature is 130-160 ℃, pressure is 20-30kg/cm
2, the time is 12-22 minute.
5, by the described manufacture method of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the belt carcass vegetable material that described sugar content is high is a sorghum straw.
6, annual plant composite plate manufacturing process comprises vegetable material screening, vegetable material fragmentation, dries, applies bonding agent, paving prefabricating, compression moulding step, it is characterized in that:
(1), screening epidermis smooth, hard vegetable material,
(2), the vegetable material of screening executed fragmentation before, roll, destroying the siliceous composition of its epidermis in advance, capillary,
(3), breaking length 4-25mm, put into after the fragmentation and hold the pond, evenly spray chemical agent then, the envelope pond keeps 40 ℃ of humidity, seals the time more than 36 hours up for safekeeping, the prescription of chemical agent is: water: lime=5: 1, adding concentration again is that 0.2% consumption is the dilute sulfuric acid of water, grey consumption 3%, stirs
(4), the oven dry after moisture content be 3-4%,
(5), vegetable material adds the binding agent Lauxite, solids content is 60-65%, increases an amount of mould inhibitor, waterproofing agent, fire retardant and Water fixing agent, and stirs vegetable material: binding agent=1: 0.10-0.18,
(6), compression moulding, its temperature is 130-160 ℃, pressure is 20-30kg/cm
2, the time is 12-22 minute.
7, by the described manufacturing process of claim 6, it is characterized in that: smooth, the hard plant of described epidermis is a reed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89105035 CN1030439C (en) | 1989-03-16 | 1989-03-16 | Composite vegetable board and manufacturing process thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89105035 CN1030439C (en) | 1989-03-16 | 1989-03-16 | Composite vegetable board and manufacturing process thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1045727A CN1045727A (en) | 1990-10-03 |
| CN1030439C true CN1030439C (en) | 1995-12-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89105035 Expired - Fee Related CN1030439C (en) | 1989-03-16 | 1989-03-16 | Composite vegetable board and manufacturing process thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101337373B (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2011-10-05 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation method of silver-grass fiber board of medium density |
| CN101337370B (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2012-02-01 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation method of silver-grass fiber board of high density |
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| CN1099391C (en) * | 1999-01-19 | 2003-01-22 | 邹菁 | Hot-pressing production process of composite plant fiber-cement board |
| CN1073497C (en) * | 1999-05-05 | 2001-10-24 | 陆仁书 | Middle-density fibrous board made up of wheat or rice straws and aldehyde adhesive and its making mehtod |
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1989
- 1989-03-16 CN CN 89105035 patent/CN1030439C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101337373B (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2011-10-05 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation method of silver-grass fiber board of medium density |
| CN101337370B (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2012-02-01 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation method of silver-grass fiber board of high density |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1045727A (en) | 1990-10-03 |
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