CN103039408B - Floating trawl for investigating macroplankton in upper middle water body of inland large water surface - Google Patents
Floating trawl for investigating macroplankton in upper middle water body of inland large water surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN103039408B CN103039408B CN201210594611.4A CN201210594611A CN103039408B CN 103039408 B CN103039408 B CN 103039408B CN 201210594611 A CN201210594611 A CN 201210594611A CN 103039408 B CN103039408 B CN 103039408B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a floating trawl for investigating macroplankton in an upper middle water body of an inland large water surface. The floating trawl comprises a trawl bag, trawl lines, corks, sinkers and support rods which are tie up, wherein the trawl bag comprises a trawl body, a packing trawl and wing trawls, the trawl lines include force lines, an upper line, a lower line, a cork line, a sinker line and fork lines, a radial cross section of the trawl bag gradually shrinks from the front to the rear, a larger opening end of the trawl body is connected with the wing trawls, the smaller opening end of the trawl body is connected with the packing trawl, an outlet is arranged at the rear end of the packing trawl, and a tying rope is arranged at the outlet of the packing trawl. The floating trawl has the advantage that a floating trawl with operating water depth larger than 2.00m is provided for specially investigating the macroplankton in the upper middle water body of the inland large water surface, is mainly used for investigating and sampling work of biological larvae like basic production, plankton, fish, shrimps and crabs on the inland large water surface, and fills the blank of the biological investigation field for the macroplankton in the upper middle water body of the inland large water surface.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to flood face biological survey field, inland, particularly the large water surface in a kind of inland water body macroplankton investigation floating trawl at the middle and upper levels.
Background technology
At present, the large water surface upper water body in inland, the particularly large water surface in the inland more than 2.00m at operating water depth, in order to understand the biological situation of water body, the large water surface of scientific development, often relates to the investigation sampling operation to biological young such as plankton, fish shrimp crabs.In investigation sampling operation, need to use different investigation and sampling nets, such as phytoplankton is generally with the sampling of lucite hydrophore, cladocera, copepoda, use phytoplankton net filtration.But prior art does not have the professional investigation trawlnet of the large water surface macroplankton in inland.Although there is the sea fishery catching net of " double boat surface layer has wing list capsule trawlnet ", but can not be for the large water surface in inland, and it is not digital as the basic fundamental of plankton netting gear, cannot manufacture, because above-mentioned trawlnet neither one is concrete, rational, mutual corresponding identical master data, in real work and making, do not there is operability and repeatability.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of scientific research investigation floating trawl that the large water surface in inland carries out water body macroplankton investigation sampling at the middle and upper levels that aims at, is that the bolting silk cloth (claim again silk screen, be commonly called as screen cloth) being made into by warp loom is longitudinally sewed up and formed through cutting.
Investigation floating trawl of the present invention is designed to double boat surface laminar wing list capsule type trawlnet, and because investigation floating trawl principal dimensions is less, can two ships sculling or remove oar tows, and can also tow with small diesel engine Power Vessel low speed.Investigation floating trawl of the present invention all by polyethylene (PE) monofilament the screen cloth screen cloth cutting through compiling sew up, then join the corresponding head rope and float, sinker and roll and form.The hat that the intensity of polyethylene (PE) fiber and wearability occupy synthetic fibers, the fracture strength of its high-tenacity fibre reaches 6-9g/D.Its regain is only 4.0-4.5%, and under dry and dampness, its elasticity and flexibility are all fine.Polyethylene (PE) fiber is lighter than water in addition, can naturally float in water.The price of polyethylene (PE) fiber is minimum in synthetic fibers.
Exaggerated and the headline of investigation floating trawl of the present invention all adopts polyethylene (PE) fiber stranded rope; Infraclass and ground rope all adopt terylene (PES) fiber stranded rope.Because polyethylene (PE) fiber is lighter than water, and terylene (PES) fiber is than water weight, and both intensity is very nearly the same.
Investigation floating trawl of the present invention is selected the small-sized foamed plastics spherical float of marine products, diameter 83.0mm, 36; Select 16 of lead pipe shape sinkers, each 250g is heavy.
Investigation floating trawl of the present invention need, with two of struts, can be made of common steel tube or glass reinforced plastic pipe support high altitude 2.00m, diameter 50.0mm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, provide the large water surface in the inland of a kind of operating water depth more than 2.00m at the middle and upper levels water body macroplankton investigate special-purpose floating trawl, be mainly used in the investigation sampling operation of the biological young such as basic productivity, plankton, fish shrimp crab of the large water surface in inland, filled up this area blank.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described:
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1, be the structural representation of investigation floating trawl of the present invention;
Fig. 2, be the expansion schematic diagram of the mesh bag of investigation floating trawl of the present invention;
In figure, the left side of axis is the expansion schematic diagram of upper wing lattice, back of the body net, and right side is the expansion schematic diagram of lower wing lattice, belly.
Fig. 3, be the upper wing lattice cutting figure of embodiment 1;
In figure, dotted line is shear line, and a cutting from the left side is partly sewn into right side;
Fig. 4, be the lower wing lattice cutting figure of embodiment 1;
In figure, dotted line is shear line, and the b cutting from the left side is partly sewn into right side;
Fig. 5, be the belly limit net cutting figure of embodiment 1;
In figure, dotted line is shear line;
Fig. 6, be stenogastry net and the long belly cutting figure of embodiment 1;
In figure, dotted line is shear line;
Fig. 7, be sheet cutting figure in sheet and back of the body net in the belly of embodiment 1;
In figure, dotted line is shear line, and the c cutting from the lower right corner is partly sewn into upper right side;
Fig. 8, be long back of the body net and short back of the body net (back of the body selvage net) the cutting figure of embodiment 1;
In figure, dotted line is shear line.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The large water surface in a kind of inland is as shown in Figure 1 water body macroplankton investigation floating trawl 11 at the middle and upper levels, comprise that mesh bag 12, the head rope, float 13, sinker, strut 14 roll and form, the head rope comprises manrope 15, exaggerated 16, infraclass 17, headline, ground rope, fork guiding principle 18, the radial section of mesh bag 12 dwindles from front to back gradually, be front wide and rear narrow mesh bag 12, mesh bag 12 is comprised of body 19, keed 20, wing lattice 21.The large end of opening of body 19 is connected with wing lattice 21, and the opening small end of body 19 is connected with keed 20, and keed 20 rear ends arrange outlet, and exit arranges keed tying rope 22.Exaggerated 16 and headline all adopt polyethylene fibre stranded rope; Infraclass 17 and ground rope all adopt polyster fibre stranded rope; Mesh bag 12 is all sewed up through the screen cloth screen cloth cutting of compiling by polyethylene monofilament.Float 13 is that small-sized foamed plastics is spherical, diameter 83.0mm, totally 36; Sinker is lead pipe, totally 16, and each heavy 250g.Strut 14 is two common steel tubes or glass reinforced plastic pipe, strut 14 height 2.00m, diameter 50.0mm.
As shown in Figure 2, wing lattice 21 comprises wing lattice 1 and lower wing lattice 2, and body 19 comprises back of the body net and belly;
Back of the body net comprises sheet 7 in 1 rectangular back of the body net, in back of the body net, two long limits of sheet 7 are sewed together with the long base of 2 rectangular trapezoidal long back of the body nets 8 respectively, the short base of 2 lengths of a film back ofs the body nets 8 is sewed together with the long base of the short back of the body net 9 of 2 right-angled trapezium respectively, the long back of the body net 8 of every side and the right-angle side of long back of the body net 9 respectively with 2 of parallelogram above a minor face of wing lattices 1 be sewed together;
Belly comprises sheet 6 in 1 rectangular belly, in belly, two of sheet 6 long limits are sewed together with the long base of 2 rectangular trapezoidal long bellies 5 respectively, the short base of 2 length of a film bellies 5 is sewed together with the long base of the stenogastry net 4 of 2 right-angled trapezium respectively, the long right-angle side of the short base of stenogastry net 4 and rectangular leg-of-mutton limit net 3 is sewed together, and stenogastry net 4 right-angle sides of every side and the short right-angle side of limit net 3 are sewed together with a limit of 2 lower wing lattices 2 of parallelogram respectively.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is cutting and the sewing method of the net sheet of embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 3, by 2 single width wide be 1.00m, the 2 order screen cloth tailors of long 6.16m become 2 upper wing lattices 1; As shown in Figure 4, by 2 single width wide be 1.00m, the 2 order screen cloth tailors of long 4.20m become 2 lower wing lattices 2; As shown in Figure 5, by 1 single width wide be 1.00m, the 5 order screen cloths of long 1.66m are cut into leg-of-mutton limit, belly left and right net 3; As shown in Figure 6, by 2 single width wide be 1.00m, the 5 order screen cloths of long 8.32m are cut into stenogastry net 4, long belly 5 each 2; As shown in Figure 7, by 1 single width wide be 1.00m, the 5 order screen cloth tailors of long 7.50m become in belly sheet 7 in sheet 6 and back of the body net; As shown in Figure 8, by 2 single width wide be 1.00m, the 5 order screen cloths of long 5.00m are cut into long back of the body net 8, short back of the body net 9 each 2.After the cutting of net sheet, with electric iron, the braided wire head of rabbet is carried out to heat seal, loose to prevent out.Then, according to expanded view, with the netting twine of net pin and PE42tex2 * 3, by the side seams jail of two up and down of left and right wing lattice, the side of other each several part net sheets and front and back, with same method seam jail, finally become 1 front wide and rear narrow mesh bag.
Embodiment 3
Assemble method for the netting gear of embodiment 1:
(1) the butting step of gang rope:
After the screen cloth parcel of exaggerated 16, infraclass 17 use corresponding sides, with net pin and PE42tex2 * 3 netting twine, carry out blind stitching, the head rope and net sheet are fastened, after every blind stitching 10.0cm, with clove hitch, fasten; The front end of 2 manropes 15 is connected and is fastened with netting twine with inserting the method for becket bridle and the rear break of wing lattice 21 place of infraclass 17; Then axis manrope 15 is parallel and net is pricked backward and is attached under belly, at interval of 10.0cm, pricks wire turn one, when pricking after side, continues ligation, until the end of keed 20 along side; The upper and lower side of wing lattice 21 end guiding principles fastens with exaggerated 16, infraclass 17 tyings respectively, and the perpendicular guiding principle of screen cloth parcel wing tip by upper wing lattice 1, lower wing lattice 2 front ends, then fastens with netting twine; At keed 20 ends, one end of keed tying rope 22 is pricked and is attached in the manrope 15 of a side with netting twine;
(2) installation step of float 13, sinker
Respectively headline and ground rope are passed to whole float 13 and sinkers; Then headline and exaggerated 16 is closed up, both sides wing lattice 21 is exaggerated respectively pricks attached 15 floats, and its spacing is 0.44m; Attached 6 floats 13 of the exaggerated bundle of network interface, its spacing is 0.42m; Ground rope and infraclass 17 are closed up, and wing lattice 21 infraclasses 17 in both sides are respectively pricked 5 sinkers, and its spacing is 1.05m; Network interface infraclass 17 is pricked attached 6 sinkers, and its spacing is 0.86m;
(3) Connection Step of strut
By the upper and lower side of two struts 14, fasten with exaggerated 16, the infraclass 17 of left and right wing lattice 21 respectively before operation; Guiding principle 18 is pitched in left and right also to be fastened with the upper and lower side of support 14.
Embodiment 4
For the concrete investigation job step of the biological survey floating trawl of embodiment 1, comprising:
1, operation boats and ships
Because this investigation floating trawl yardstick is less, manpower sampan and motor-driven canoe all can operations, but need to be with two identical ship operations.Wherein one for putting the net boat band net boat of holding concurrently, and another is band net boat.
2, put net
First tie keed tying rope 22, in then keed 20 being aborted, move ahead at a slow speed, investigation floating trawl enters water gradually.Until strut 14, enter after water, by an end yoke guiding principle 18, give band net boat, two ships will drag guiding principle and tie up to respectively on fork guiding principle 18, and keep spacing 30.00m left and right, respectively emit and drag 50 meters of left and right of guiding principle, and the speed of towing is controlled at 30.00-50.00m per minute left and right.
3, hauling
Tow (or depending on the circumstances or the needs of the situation) both manually haulings after 1.0-1.5 hour, pull out to receive and drag guiding principle, collect successively strut 14, wing lattice 21, body 19, keed 20.Untie keed tying rope 22 and pour out the biological sample of collection, deliver investigator.Then tie keed tying rope 22, prepare to put net operation next time.
The above embodiment is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described; not scope of the present invention is limited; design under the prerequisite of spirit not departing from the present invention; various distortion and improvement that those of ordinary skills make technical scheme of the present invention, all should fall in the definite protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the large water surface in inland water body macroplankton investigation floating trawl (11) at the middle and upper levels, comprise mesh bag (12), the head rope, float (13), sinker, strut (14) is rolled and is formed, described mesh bag (12) comprises body (19), keed (20), wing lattice (21), the described head rope comprises manrope (15), exaggerated (16), infraclass (17), headline, ground rope, fork guiding principle (18), it is characterized in that, the radial section of described mesh bag (12) dwindles from front to back gradually, the large end of opening of described body (19) is connected with wing lattice (21), the opening small end of body (19) is connected with keed (20), described keed (20) rear end arranges outlet, described exit arranges keed tying rope (22),
Described wing lattice (21) comprises wing lattice (1) and lower wing lattice (2), and described body (19) comprises back of the body net and belly;
Described back of the body net comprises sheet (7) in 1 rectangular back of the body net, in back of the body net, two long limits of sheet (7) are sewed together with the long base of 2 rectangular trapezoidal long back of the body nets (8) respectively, the short base of 2 lengths of a film back ofs the body nets (8) is sewed together with the long base of the short back of the body net (9) of 2 right-angled trapezium respectively, the long back of the body net (8) of every side and the right-angle side of short back of the body net (9) respectively with 2 of parallelogram above a minor face of wing lattices (1) be sewed together;
Described belly comprises sheet (6) in 1 rectangular belly, two long limits of sheet in belly (6) are sewed together with the long base of 2 rectangular trapezoidal long bellies (5) respectively, the short base of 2 length of a film bellies (5) is sewed together with the long base of the stenogastry net (4) of 2 right-angled trapezium respectively, the long right-angle side of the short base of stenogastry net (4) and rectangular leg-of-mutton limit net (3) is sewed together, and stenogastry net (4) right-angle side of every side and the short right-angle side of limit net (3) are sewed together with a limit of 2 lower wing lattices (2) of parallelogram respectively.
2. the large water surface in inland as claimed in claim 1 water body macroplankton investigation floating trawl (11) at the middle and upper levels, is characterized in that, described exaggerated (16) and headline all adopt polyethylene fibre stranded rope; Described infraclass (17) and ground rope all adopt polyster fibre stranded rope; Described mesh bag (12) is all sewed up through the screen cloth screen cloth cutting of compiling by polyethylene monofilament.
3. the large water surface in inland as claimed in claim 1 water body macroplankton investigation floating trawl (11) at the middle and upper levels, is characterized in that, described float (13) is that small-sized foamed plastics is spherical, diameter 83.0mm, totally 36; Described sinker is lead pipe, totally 16, and each heavy 250g.
4. the large water surface in inland as claimed in claim 1 water body macroplankton investigation floating trawl (11) at the middle and upper levels, is characterized in that, described strut (14) is two common steel tubes or glass reinforced plastic pipe, support high altitude 2.00m, diameter 50.0mm.
5. the large water surface in inland as claimed in claim 1 water body macroplankton investigation floating trawl (11) at the middle and upper levels, is characterized in that, 2 single width are wide becomes 2 described upper wing lattices (1) for the 2 order screen cloth tailors of 1.00m, long 6.16m; 2 single width are wide is 1.00m, and the 2 order screen cloth tailors of long 4.20m become 2 described lower wing lattices (2); 1 single width is wide is 1.00m, and the 5 order screen cloths of long 1.66m are cut into leg-of-mutton described limit, left and right net (3); 2 single width are wide is 1.00m, and the 5 order screen cloths of long 8.32m are cut into described stenogastry net (4) and described long belly (5); 1 single width is wide is 1.00m, and the 5 order screen cloth tailors of long 7.50m become sheet (7) in sheet in described belly (6) and described back of the body net; 2 single width are wide is 1.00m, and the 5 order screen cloths of long 5.00m are cut into described long back of the body net (8) and described short back of the body net (9).
6. the large water surface in inland as claimed in claim 5 water body macroplankton investigation floating trawl (11) at the middle and upper levels, is characterized in that, after described screen cloth cutting, with electric iron, the braided wire head of rabbet is carried out to heat seal.
7. the large water surface in inland as claimed in claim 1 water body macroplankton investigation floating trawl (11) at the middle and upper levels, is characterized in that, with the netting twine of net pin and PE42tex2 * 3 by each net seam jail.
8. the large water surface in the inland claimed in claim 1 assemble method of water body macroplankton investigation floating trawl (11) at the middle and upper levels, the butting step, the installation step of sinker, the Connection Step of strut that comprise gang rope, it is characterized in that, the assembling of described investigation floating trawl comprises the steps:
The butting step of described gang rope comprises:
After exaggerated (16), infraclass (17) the screen cloth parcel by corresponding sides, with net pin and PE42tex2 * 3 netting twine, carry out blind stitching, the head rope and net sheet are fastened, after every blind stitching 10.0cm, with clove hitch, fasten; The front end of 2 manropes (15) is connected and is fastened with netting twine with break place after inserting the method for becket bridle and the wing lattice (21) of infraclass (17); Then axis manrope (15) is parallel and net is pricked backward and is attached under belly, at interval of 10.0cm, pricks wire turn one, when pricking after side, continues ligation, until the end of keed (20) along side; The upper and lower side of wing lattice (21) end guiding principle fastens with exaggerated (16), infraclass (17) tying respectively, by upper wing lattice (1), lower wing lattice (2)
The perpendicular guiding principle of screen cloth parcel wing tip of front end, then fastens with netting twine; At keed (20) end, one end of keed tying rope (22) is pricked and is attached in the manrope (15) of a side with netting twine;
The installation step of described float (13), sinker comprises:
Respectively headline and ground rope are passed to whole float (13) and sinkers; Then headline and exaggerated (16) are closed up, both sides wing lattice (21) is exaggerated respectively pricks attached 15 floats, and its spacing is 0.44m; Attached 6 floats of the exaggerated bundle of network interface (13), its spacing is 0.42m; Ground rope and infraclass (17) are closed up, and both sides wing lattice (21) infraclass (17) is respectively pricked 5 sinkers, and its spacing is 1.05m; Network interface infraclass (17) is pricked attached 6 sinkers, and its spacing is 0.86m;
The Connection Step of described strut comprises:
Before operation, by the upper and lower side of two struts (14), fasten with exaggerated (16), the infraclass (17) of left and right wing lattice (21) respectively; Guiding principle (18) is pitched in left and right also to be fastened with the upper and lower side of strut (14).
9. the large water surface in the inland as claimed in claim 1 method that tows of water body macroplankton investigation floating trawl (11) at the middle and upper levels, it is characterized in that, for the two ships of employing are sculled, removed, slurry tows described method or small diesel engine Power Vessel low speed tows described investigation floating trawl.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210594611.4A CN103039408B (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Floating trawl for investigating macroplankton in upper middle water body of inland large water surface |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210594611.4A CN103039408B (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Floating trawl for investigating macroplankton in upper middle water body of inland large water surface |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103039408A CN103039408A (en) | 2013-04-17 |
| CN103039408B true CN103039408B (en) | 2014-09-17 |
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| CN201210594611.4A Expired - Fee Related CN103039408B (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Floating trawl for investigating macroplankton in upper middle water body of inland large water surface |
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| CN106804544A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-06-09 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of trawlnet of PA monofilament mesh sheet structure |
| CN106922634A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-07-07 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | A kind of abyssal benthos sampling network |
| CN109392853A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-03-01 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Automate fish electric fishing science investigation apparatus |
| CN109774870B (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2020-03-17 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Structure and method for controlling opening and closing of trawl by unmanned ship |
| CN109964885A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-05 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Modularization assemble trawlnet |
| CN110476904B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-08-10 | 浙江海洋大学 | Wing-shaped trawl board |
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| SU1711757A1 (en) * | 1989-10-03 | 1992-02-15 | Мурманский проектно-конструкторский и технологический институт судостроения, модернизации и эксплуатации флота и разработки средств механизации "Севгипрорыбфлот" | Fish trawl |
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