CN103035925A - Lithium-ion power battery, lithium-ion power battery current collecting body, negative electrode pole piece - Google Patents
Lithium-ion power battery, lithium-ion power battery current collecting body, negative electrode pole piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN103035925A CN103035925A CN2011102971035A CN201110297103A CN103035925A CN 103035925 A CN103035925 A CN 103035925A CN 2011102971035 A CN2011102971035 A CN 2011102971035A CN 201110297103 A CN201110297103 A CN 201110297103A CN 103035925 A CN103035925 A CN 103035925A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a lithium-ion power battery, a lithium-ion power battery current collecting body and a negative electrode pole piece. The lithium-ion power battery current collecting body comprises an electric conduction framework and a plurality of smaller holes arranged in the electric conduction framework; the lithium-ion power battery negative electrode pole piece is formed by coating negative electrode materials on the current collecting body; the negative electrode materials are coated on the surface of the electric collecting framework and are coated in small openings of the small holes; and the lithium-ion power battery is formed by the lithium-ion power battery negative electrode pole piece, a positive electrode pole piece, a diaphragm and electrolyte. The lithium-ion power battery provided by the invention is high in battery capacity and good in circulating performance, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lithium ion battery Manufacturing Techniques field, more particularly, relate to a kind of lithium-ion-power cell, lithium-ion-power cell collector and cathode pole piece.
Background technology
In recent years, the electric automobile of development energy-conserving and environment-protective is the effective way that realizes energy source clean, efficient utilization, energy-saving and emission-reduction with efficient clean energy resource storing technology.Lithium-ion-power cell is high with its discharge voltage, energy density is high, safety non-pollution and can be recycled, the ideal of advantage the becomes electric automobile such as the life-span is long carries the energy, therefore, the research of lithium-ion-power cell is become the important topic of current battery area research.
Lithium-ion-power cell comprises anode pole piece, cathode pole piece, barrier film and electrolyte; Wherein, described cathode pole piece plays an important role to the performance of lithium-ion-power cell.Described cathode pole piece comprises collector and the active material that is attached on the described collector.At present, described collector generally adopts Copper Foil, and described active material can use the material with carbon elements such as graphite, carbonaceous mesophase spherules (MCMB).But in view of the actual specific capacity of material with carbon element near the theoretical capacity of 372mAh/g, therefore, novel active material such as silicon (Si) and tin (Sn) arise at the historic moment, its can with the lithium formation alloy that reacts, both theoretical specific capacity are respectively 4200mAh/g and 990mAh/g, thereby can satisfy the growth requirement of high power capacity, high-specific-power lithium-ion-power cell.
No matter adopt material with carbon element as active material, still adopt novel silicon and tin etc., its problem that all exists is: in the lithium-ion-power cell charge and discharge process, the embedding lithium will occur and take off the lithium process in described active material, at this moment, the volume of described active material will occur to change greatly, and for example: its volumetric expansion will be above 300% when complete embedding lithium for silicon.And this moment, the Copper Foil collector also can't reduce because the stress that produces of active material change in volume, therefore causes gradually efflorescence of active material, come off etc., and then so that lithium-ion-power cell capacity step-down, the cycle performance variation.
In order to address the above problem, normal employing conduction nonwoven fabrics or foam metal are as the collector of cathode pole piece in the prior art, described conduction nonwoven fabrics and foam metal all can adapt to the change in volume of active material on the cathode pole piece, thereby can improve the cycle performance of lithium-ion-power cell, but, when adopting the conduction nonwoven fabrics to make cathode pole piece as collector, need mode by electron beam vacuum evaporation with the active material evaporation on described conduction nonwoven fabrics, therefore cost of manufacture is higher, is unsuitable for large-scale industrial production; And foam metal one side tensile strength is poor, is unfavorable for processing, and thickness is larger on the other hand, and therefore collector, adopts foam metal can increase battery volume and then reduction energy content of battery density to the contribution of lithium-ion-power cell capacity nothing.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of lithium-ion-power cell, lithium-ion-power cell collector and cathode pole piece, to solve the problem that the lithium-ion-power cell capacity is low, cycle performance is poor, also be suitable for simultaneously large-scale industrial production, and be beneficial to processing, also can not reduce the energy density of battery.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of lithium-ion-power cell collector comprises:
Conducting matrix grain;
Be arranged on a plurality of apertures in the described conducting matrix grain.
Preferably, described conducting matrix grain is metallic film.
Preferably, the thickness of described conducting matrix grain is 10 μ m-40 μ m.
Preferably, the shared porosity of described a plurality of aperture is 30%-80%.
Preferably, described metallic film and on a plurality of apertures by the braiding or the stretching wire netting form.
Preferably, described wire netting comprises copper mesh, nickel screen or stainless (steel) wire.
Preferably, described a plurality of apertures is shaped as square, rhombus, triangle or circle.
The present invention also provides a kind of lithium ion power cell cathode pole piece, comprising:
Collector and the negative material that is coated on the described collector;
Wherein, described negative material comprises: active material, conductive agent and binding agent; Described collector comprises: conducting matrix grain and a plurality of apertures that are arranged in the described conducting matrix grain; Described negative material is coated in the hole of described conducting matrix grain surface and described a plurality of apertures.
Preferably, the thickness of described cathode pole piece is not more than 150 μ m.
The present invention also provides a kind of lithium-ion-power cell, comprising:
Anode pole piece, cathode pole piece, barrier film and electrolyte;
Wherein, described cathode pole piece comprises: collector and the negative material that is coated on the described collector; Described negative material comprises: active material, conductive agent and binding agent; Described collector comprises: conducting matrix grain and a plurality of apertures that are arranged in the described conducting matrix grain; Described negative material is coated in the hole of described conducting matrix grain surface and described a plurality of apertures.
Can find out from technique scheme, lithium-ion-power cell collector provided by the present invention comprises: conducting matrix grain and be arranged on a plurality of apertures in the described conducting matrix grain, therefore this collector has good electric conductivity and tensile strength (the stress conformability is good), making cathode pole piece with this collector, and after finally forming lithium-ion-power cell, in battery charge and discharge process, this collector can disperse, alleviate the stress that negative material produces on its surface because of change in volume, and then can prevent described negative material cracking or the phenomenon such as come off, improved the utilance of negative material, reduce the decay of lithium-ion-power cell capacity, improved the cycle performance of battery.In addition, the manufacture craft of the collector of this loose structure is simple, so production cost is lower, is suitable for large-scale industrial production; And the collector tensile strength of this loose structure is good, is beneficial to processing, and thickness is relatively thin, can not reduce the energy density of lithium-ion-power cell.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, the below will do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of lithium-ion-power cell collector provided by the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the electron microscope scanning image of the cathode pole piece take common Copper Foil as collector after the charge and discharge cycles course of work repeatedly in the prior art;
A kind of cathode pole piece take the stretching copper mesh as collector that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the invention with the same number of cathode pole piece described in Fig. 2 charge and discharge cycles course of work after the electron microscope scanning image;
A kind of cycle performance curve comparison diagram of lithium-ion-power cell of correspondence in a kind of lithium-ion-power cell that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the invention and the prior art;
A kind of cycle performance curve comparison diagram of lithium-ion-power cell of correspondence in the another kind of lithium-ion-power cell that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the invention and the prior art.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that obtains under the creative work prerequisite.
Embodiment one
With reference to figure 1, lithium-ion-power cell collector provided by the present invention comprises: conducting matrix grain 1; Be arranged on a plurality of apertures 2 in the described conducting matrix grain 1, described a plurality of apertures 2 are arranged on the thickness direction of conducting matrix grain 1, and described a plurality of aperture 2 makes conducting matrix grain 1 break-through.
Described conducting matrix grain 1 can be metallic film, also can be other macromolecule conducting materials that stretch-proof performance is good, the stress recovery ability is good.The thickness of conducting matrix grain 1 can be between 10 μ m-40 μ m; The a plurality of apertures 2 shared voidages that are arranged in the described conducting matrix grain 1 can be between 30%-80%.
Conducting matrix grain shown in Fig. 11 and interior a plurality of apertures 2 thereof can form by braiding copper mesh, braiding nickel screen, braiding stainless (steel) wire, stretching copper mesh, stretching nickel screen or stretching stainless (steel) wire etc.
The shape of conducting matrix grain 1 interior a plurality of apertures 2 can be square, rhombus, triangle or circle etc.; Described a plurality of aperture 2 can random distribution, and is also can be in rows parallel or be interspersed.
The aperture 2 of diamond shaped has been shown among Fig. 1, and two catercorner lengths of diamond shaped aperture 2 are respectively 1.3mm and 0.65mm, the thickness of described conducting matrix grain 1 is 30 μ m.
As from the foregoing, lithium-ion-power cell collector provided by the present invention is owing to being formed with a plurality of apertures in conducting matrix grain, therefore, the collector of this structure has good electric conductivity and tensile strength, when it is used as the collector of lithium ion power cell cathode pole piece, it can disperse, alleviate negative electrode active material at embedding/the take off stress that produces owing to volumetric expansion in the lithium process, prevent negative electrode active material efflorescence from the described collector, come off etc., therefore can reduce the capacitance loss of lithium-ion-power cell, improve the cycle performance of battery, prolong the useful life of battery.
Embodiment two
On the basis of above-described embodiment, the present invention also provides a kind of lithium ion power cell cathode pole piece, comprising: collector and the negative material that is coated on the described collector; Wherein, described negative material comprises: active material, conductive agent and binding agent; Described collector comprises: conducting matrix grain and a plurality of apertures that are arranged in the described conducting matrix grain; Described negative material is coated in the hole of described conducting matrix grain surface and described a plurality of apertures.
Wherein, described active material can be selected one or more in silicon (Si), tin (Sn), tin oxide (SnO), phosphorus (P), the graphite (C) etc., and there is no particular restriction to this present invention; Described conductive agent can be selected one or more in electrically conductive graphite, the conductive black etc.; Described binding agent can be selected any in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Kynoar (PVDF), butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR) or the carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) etc.; The mass fraction that described active material accounts for described negative material is 70%-92%, and the mass fraction that described conductive agent accounts for described negative material is 3%-25%, and the mass fraction that described binding agent accounts for described negative material is about 5%.
The preparation method of lithium ion power cell cathode pole piece provided by the present invention is as follows: at first adopt METHYLPYRROLIDONE (NMP) solvent to disperse negative material, thereby formation mixture paste, active material in the described negative material is silicon, conductive agent is carbon black, and binding agent is Kynoar (PVDF); Afterwards by continuously or the mode of intermittently coating the mixture paste that forms evenly is coated in the hole of porous current collector surface and collector, drying, make cathode pole piece after rolling, the thickness of final formed cathode pole piece should be not more than 150 μ m.
Lithium ion power cell cathode pole piece provided by the present invention, compare traditional lithium ion power cell cathode pole piece, collector on it no longer is traditional Copper Foil, but be provided with the conducting matrix grain structure of a plurality of apertures in it, this collector with loose structure, can disperse, alleviate negative electrode active material at embedding/the take off stress that produces owing to volumetric expansion in the lithium process, prevent negative electrode active material efflorescence from the described collector, come off etc., therefore can reduce the capacitance loss of lithium-ion-power cell, improve the cycle performance of battery.
Below just concrete experiment the advantage of lithium ion power cell cathode pole piece provided by the present invention is described.
Two collectors are provided, one is to adopt common Copper Foil to form, another is by the collector with loose structure that the stretching copper mesh forms that passes through described in the invention, thereby form two cathode pole pieces at these two identical negative materials of collector coating respectively, produce two lithium-ion-power cells as the basis take these two cathode pole pieces afterwards, after these two lithium-ion-power cells are carried out discharging and recharging of same number, by the surface topography of the cathode pole piece on two lithium-ion-power cells of sem observation, difference as shown in Figures 2 and 3 at last.
Fig. 2 is the electron microscope scanning image of cathode pole piece after repeatedly discharging and recharging that forms take common Copper Foil as collector in the prior art, a kind of collector with loose structure and then the electron microscope scanning image of formation cathode pole piece after discharging and recharging with the same number of cathode pole piece described in Fig. 2 that forms by the stretching copper mesh that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the invention, as seen from Figure 2, when adopting common Copper Foil as collector, obvious powder phenomenon-tion has occured in the negative material on the cathode pole piece, and this is can't reduce due to the stress that the negative material volumetric expansion produces because of common Copper Foil in the charge and discharge process; With reference to figure 3, adopt the stretching copper mesh and form the cathode pole piece of collector and then formation, negative material on it contacts with collector well, the phenomenon that negative material substantially efflorescence does not occur and come off, show that the change in volume that collector with loose structure can embed, occur when deviating from lithium ion for negative material provides buffering in charge and discharge process, and then improve the cycle performance of cathode pole piece.
As seen, described lithium ion power cell cathode pole piece adopts the collector of the cavernous structure with setting, and the collector of cavernous structure has good electric conductivity and tensile strength (the stress conformability is good), therefore have good stressed recovery capacity, can disperse, alleviate at embedding/the take off stress that produces owing to the active material change in volume in the lithium process; In active material stress deformation and Recovery Process, distinctive small structure can better be fixedly attached to the active material in its surface and the aperture on the collector, the problem such as avoided active material generation efflorescence, ftracture, come off has improved the utilance of active material; Simultaneously, ensure the lithium ion power cell cathode normal operation, ensured lithium-ion-power cell capacity and cycle performance.
Embodiment three
On the basis of above-mentioned two embodiment, the invention provides a kind of lithium-ion-power cell, comprising: anode pole piece, cathode pole piece, barrier film and electrolyte; Wherein, described cathode pole piece comprises: collector and the negative material that is coated on the described collector; Described negative material comprises: active material, conductive agent and binding agent; Described collector comprises: conducting matrix grain and a plurality of apertures that are arranged in the described conducting matrix grain; Described negative material is coated in the hole of described conducting matrix grain surface and described a plurality of apertures.
The preparation method of described cathode pole piece can be referring to described in the embodiment two, and the preparation method of described anode pole piece and the preparation method of cathode pole piece are similar, and difference is that used active material is LiCoO during the preparation anode pole piece
2, LiMn
2O
4Or LiFePO
4Deng, the collector in the anode pole piece is generally aluminium foil.
The manufacture method of described lithium-ion-power cell is: (also can be in inert gas environment in the air ambient of drying, effect is better), lay successively according to the order of anode pole piece, barrier film, cathode pole piece, wherein, described barrier film is perforated membrane, such as being polypropylene, polyethylene etc.; Then, by reeling or the lamination processing, the anode pole piece, barrier film, the cathode pole piece that lay are made reeled or stepped construction; At last, described coiling or laminated construction are placed in the battery container, inject suitable electrolyte, encapsulation and preliminary filling change into.
Lithium-ion-power cell provided by the present invention, cathode pole piece on it is to form by the collector coating negative material at loose structure, the collector of described loose structure has a large amount of holes and good hot strength, therefore can adapt to described negative material in the change in volume of embedding/when taking off lithium, and then disperse, alleviate the stress that cathode pole piece produces in charge and discharge process, prevent negative material cracking and come off, improved the utilance of negative material, reduce the battery capacity decay, improved cycle performance.
Describe the advantage of lithium-ion-power cell provided by the present invention in detail below in conjunction with concrete experimental data.
Experimental example 1
The employing stretching copper mesh with rhombus hole as shown in Figure 1 is as collector, then utilize METHYLPYRROLIDONE (NMP) solvent to disperse the mixture that is formed by active material graphite, conductive agent carbon black and binding agent Kynoar, form slurry, wherein, the mass ratio of graphite, carbon black and Kynoar is 92: 3: 5 in the described mixture; Adopt afterwards the mode of continuously coating that slurry is coated on the described collector, after carrying out drying under the 85-120 ℃ of temperature conditions, make cathode pole piece after 2MPa rolls, the thickness of cathode pole piece is 95 μ m; With described cathode pole piece and employing LiMn
2O
4The anode pole piece and the barrier film that form for active material are assembled into the 10Ah battery by the mode of reeling; Adopt at last the mode of constant current to carry out charge-discharge test, discharging current is 1C, and charging/discharging voltage is 3.0-4.2V, the cycle performance of test lithium-ion-power cell.
Contrast experiment's example 1
With experimental example 1 difference be, in contrast experiment's example 1 in preparation during cathode pole piece, adopting thickness is that the Copper Foil of 10 μ m is as collector, other manufacture craft process and experiment condition are all identical with experimental example 1, and finally also adopt the mode of constant current that formed 10Ah lithium-ion-power cell is carried out charge-discharge test, discharging current is 1C, and charging/discharging voltage is 3.0-4.2V, the cycle performance of test lithium-ion-power cell, test result can be referring to Fig. 4.
As shown in Figure 4, the cycle performance of lithium-ion-power cell described in the experimental example 1 is significantly improved with respect to the cycle performance of lithium-ion-power cell described in contrast experiment's example 1, under 1C discharging current multiplying power, circulate after 200 weeks, adopting the capacity of the lithium-ion-power cell of technical solution of the present invention preparation is 99% of initial capacity, the battery capacity decay is less, and the capacity of the lithium-ion-power cell in the comparative experimental example 1 under same experimental conditions is 92% of initial capacity, and capacity attenuation is larger.
Experimental example 2
Compare with experimental example 1, in this experiment when making cathode pole piece, active material is silicon in the negative material, and the mass ratio of active material silicon, conductive agent carbon black, binding agent Kynoar is 80: 15: 5, other manufacture craft processes and experiment condition are all identical with experimental example 1, and finally also adopt the mode of constant current that formed 10Ah lithium-ion-power cell is carried out charge-discharge test, and discharging current is 1C, charging/discharging voltage is 3.0-4.2V, the cycle performance of test lithium-ion-power cell.
Contrast experiment's example 2
With experimental example 2 differences be, in contrast experiment's example 2 in preparation during cathode pole piece, adopting thickness is that the Copper Foil of 10 μ m is as collector, other manufacture craft process and experiment condition are all identical with experimental example 2, and finally also adopt the mode of constant current that formed 10Ah lithium-ion-power cell is carried out charge-discharge test, discharging current is 1C, and charging/discharging voltage is 3.0-4.2V, the cycle performance of test lithium-ion-power cell, test result can be referring to Fig. 5.
As shown in Figure 5, adopting the stretching copper mesh in the experimental example 2 is the silicium cathode pole piece of collector, with the lithium-ion-power cell performance of its assembling silicium cathode pole piece take Copper Foil as collector in contrast experiment's example 2, and the lithium-ion-power cell that is assembled into by this cathode pole piece, cycle performance has had obvious improvement.Adopt the prepared lithium-ion-power cell of technical solution of the present invention in the experimental example 2 under 1C charging and discharging currents multiplying power, circulate after 90 weeks, capacity is 94% of initial capacity, and in contrast experiment's example 2 with it the prepared lithium-ion-power cell of corresponding employing prior art in the same test condition, capacity is 75% of initial capacity only, and capacity attenuation is larger.
In summary, lithium-ion-power cell provided by the present invention, collector is the collector of loose structure on the cathode pole piece by improving, thereby can adapt to the variation of negative material volume in the charge and discharge process, and then prevented the cracking of negative material and the phenomenon such as come off, improve the utilance of negative material, reduced the battery capacity decay, improved cycle performance.
In addition, because the manufacture craft of the collector of loose structure is simple, so cost is lower, can be suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Have again, a large amount of holes is arranged on the collector of this loose structure, so tensile strength is good, is beneficial to processing; And the collector thickness of this loose structure is less, thereby can not reduce the energy density of lithium-ion-power cell.
Each embodiment adopts the mode of going forward one by one to be described among the present invention, and the emphasis described in each embodiment is all not identical, relevant, mutually reference of similarity.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, make this area professional and technical personnel can realize or use the present invention.Multiple modification to these embodiment will be apparent concerning those skilled in the art, and General Principle as defined herein can be in the situation that do not break away from the spirit or scope of the present invention, in other embodiments realization.Therefore, the present invention will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (10)
1. a lithium-ion-power cell collector is characterized in that, comprising:
Conducting matrix grain;
Be arranged on a plurality of apertures in the described conducting matrix grain.
2. collector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described conducting matrix grain is metallic film.
3. collector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the thickness of described conducting matrix grain is 10 μ m-40 μ m.
4. collector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the shared porosity of described a plurality of apertures is 30%-80%.
5. collector according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described metallic film and on a plurality of apertures by the braiding or the stretching wire netting form.
6. collector according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described wire netting comprises copper mesh, nickel screen or stainless (steel) wire.
7. each described collector is characterized in that according to claim 1~6, and being shaped as of described a plurality of apertures is square, rhombus, triangle or circle.
8. a lithium ion power cell cathode pole piece is characterized in that, comprising:
Collector and the negative material that is coated on the described collector;
Wherein, described negative material comprises: active material, conductive agent and binding agent; Described collector comprises: conducting matrix grain and a plurality of apertures that are arranged in the described conducting matrix grain; Described negative material is coated in the hole of described conducting matrix grain surface and described a plurality of apertures.
9. cathode pole piece according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the thickness of described cathode pole piece is not more than 150 μ m.
10. a lithium-ion-power cell is characterized in that, comprising:
Anode pole piece, cathode pole piece, barrier film and electrolyte;
Wherein, described cathode pole piece comprises: collector and the negative material that is coated on the described collector; Described negative material comprises: active material, conductive agent and binding agent; Described collector comprises: conducting matrix grain and a plurality of apertures that are arranged in the described conducting matrix grain; Described negative material is coated in the hole of described conducting matrix grain surface and described a plurality of apertures.
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CN108511681A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-09-07 | 吉安市优特利科技有限公司 | Electrode slice and preparation method thereof and battery |
CN108511681B (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2024-04-09 | 吉安市优特利科技有限公司 | Electrode plate, preparation method thereof and battery |
CN109860508A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-06-07 | 惠州佳合能新能源科技有限公司 | Preparation method, cathode pole piece and the lithium ion battery of lithium ion battery negative electrode |
CN109786656A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-21 | 贵州梅岭电源有限公司 | A kind of zinc-silver oxide cell circular electrode and preparation method thereof |
CN113113611A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-13 | 上海科比斯实业有限公司 | Composite current collector, battery pole piece, battery core and lithium ion secondary battery |
CN113764829A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-07 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | Composite electrode sheet body and lithium battery |
CN115911396A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-04-04 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Current collector, electrode plate and preparation method of current collector |
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