CN112151755A - Positive plate and battery - Google Patents
Positive plate and battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN112151755A CN112151755A CN202010934947.5A CN202010934947A CN112151755A CN 112151755 A CN112151755 A CN 112151755A CN 202010934947 A CN202010934947 A CN 202010934947A CN 112151755 A CN112151755 A CN 112151755A
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- positive electrode
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1391—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/665—Composites
- H01M4/667—Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to a positive plate which comprises a positive current collector and a positive material layer arranged on at least one surface of the positive current collector, wherein the coating surface density rho and the compacted density PD of the positive material layer satisfy the following relation: 3.4< ρ × 26+ PD < 4.2. In addition, the invention also relates to a battery, which comprises a positive plate, a negative plate, a diaphragm arranged between the positive plate and the negative plate, and electrolyte, wherein the positive plate is the positive plate provided by the invention. Compared with the prior art, the positive plate disclosed by the invention has reasonable surface density and compacted density, good flexibility, small impedance and good capacity retention rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to a positive plate and a battery.
Background
The lithium ion battery is an ideal power source in the fields of electric vehicles and energy storage due to the outstanding advantages of high energy density, excellent cycle life, high working voltage, lower self-discharge rate, environmental friendliness and the like. At the present stage, the energy density of the lithium ion battery can already support the endurance mileage of 500km after single charging, and most trip requirements can be met. However, the stability of the battery in the using process still has hidden troubles, and the capacity is rapidly attenuated due to the quality problem in the using process of the electric vehicle.
The fading of the battery capacity is often related to the polarization increase inside the battery, and one of the direct manifestations is the increase of the DCR (direct current internal resistance) of the battery. The areal density and compaction density of the positive pole piece are key factors affecting DCR. High areal and compacted densities can increase the volumetric energy density of the battery, but can result in reduced porosity of the active coating, thereby affecting lithium ion conduction, leading to accelerated DCR rise and rapid capacity fade during long-term cycling. And the high surface density and compaction density can cause the pole piece to become brittle and hard, and the pole piece is easy to break and fall off powder in the processing process. However, if low areal and compaction densities are chosen, although the porosity of the pole pieces increases, the conductive network in the coating is difficult to form, which also results in higher impedance, accelerated polarization, and the like, leading to rapid capacity fade during battery use.
In view of this, it is necessary to provide a positive electrode sheet with suitable area density and compaction density to improve the flexibility of the positive electrode sheet, reduce the impedance of the battery, and increase the capacity retention rate.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objects of the present invention is: the positive plate has reasonable areal density and compacted density and good flexibility.
The second purpose of the invention is: a battery having a small impedance and a high capacity retention rate is provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the positive plate comprises a positive current collector and a positive material layer arranged on at least one surface of the positive current collector, wherein the coating surface density rho and the compacted density PD of the positive material layer satisfy the following relation: 3.4< ρ × 26+ PD < 4.2.
As an improvement of the positive electrode sheet of the present invention, the coating surface density ρ and the compacted density PD of the positive electrode material layer satisfy the relationship: 3.6< ρ × 26+ PD < 4.0.
As an improvement of the positive electrode sheet of the present invention, the coating surface density ρ and the compacted density PD of the positive electrode material layer satisfy the relationship: 3.7< ρ × 26+ PD < 3.9.
As an improvement of the positive plate, the coating surface density rho of the positive material layer is 0.005g/cm2<ρ<0.05g/cm2。
As an improvement of the positive plate, the compacted density PD of the positive material layer is 2.8g/cm3<PD<3.7g/cm3。
As an improvement of the positive electrode sheet, the positive electrode material layer comprises a positive electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material comprises LiaNixCoyM1-x-yO2、LiFePO4And LiMnO2Wherein M is Al and/or Mn, 0.5<a<1.2,0<x<1,0<y<1,0<x+y<1。
As an improvement of the positive electrode sheet of the present invention, the positive electrode active material is further doped or coated with other metal and/or non-metal elements.
As an improvement of the positive plate, the positive material layer further comprises a conductive agent and an adhesive, the conductive agent comprises at least one of carbon black, conductive graphite, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes and graphene, and the adhesive comprises at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene butadiene rubber, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol and polytetrafluoroethylene.
A battery comprises a positive plate, a negative plate, a diaphragm arranged between the positive plate and the negative plate, and electrolyte, wherein the positive plate is the positive plate in any section in the specification.
As an improvement of the battery, the negative plate comprises a negative current collector and a negative material layer coated on at least one surface of the negative current collector, the negative material layer comprises a negative active material, and the negative active material comprises artificial graphite, natural graphite, hard carbon, soft carbon and SiOxWherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention include but are not limited to:
1) the invention provides a positive plate, which has good flexibility while ensuring that a positive material layer has proper compaction density by controlling the relationship between the coating surface density rho and the compaction density PD of the positive material layer, avoids the problem of cracking or falling of the positive plate, and improves the stability of the plate.
2) The invention provides a battery, which comprises the positive plate, and the positive plate has reasonable compaction density, good flexibility and good stability, so that the stability of the battery is obviously improved, particularly, the impedance of the battery is reduced, the DCR increase of the battery in the use process is reduced, and the attenuation of the battery capacity is slowed down.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
1. Positive plate
The invention provides a positive plate, which comprises a positive current collector and a positive material layer arranged on at least one surface of the positive current collector, wherein the coating surface density rho and the compacted density PD of the positive material layer satisfy the following relation: 3.4< ρ × 26+ PD < 4.2.
The inventor unexpectedly finds that when the coating surface density and the compaction density of the positive electrode material layer satisfy the relation, the positive electrode material layer with the winding diameter smaller than 4mm of the pole piece can crack or fall off, and the conventional positive electrode material layer starts to crack or fall off when the winding diameter is about 15mm, so that the positive electrode piece has better flexibility. Namely, the positive plate with good flexibility can be obtained by reasonably adjusting the coating surface density and the compaction density of the positive material layer to enable the coating surface density and the compaction density to meet the relationship. Furthermore, the positive plate is provided with the positive material layer with reasonable coating surface density and compaction density, so that the impedance of the battery is reduced, the increase of DCR of the battery in the use process is reduced, and the attenuation of the battery capacity is slowed down.
In some embodiments of the positive electrode sheet according to the present invention, the coating areal density ρ and the compacted density PD of the positive electrode material layer satisfy the relationship: 3.6< ρ × 26+ PD < 4.0. The positive electrode sheet has a positive electrode material layer satisfying this relationship, and when the winding diameter thereof is less than 3mm, the positive electrode material layer is cracked or peeled off.
In other embodiments of the positive electrode sheet according to the present invention, the coating areal density ρ and the compacted density PD of the positive electrode material layer satisfy the relationship: 3.7< ρ × 26+ PD < 3.9. The positive electrode sheet has a positive electrode material layer satisfying this relationship, and when the winding diameter thereof is less than 2mm, the positive electrode material layer is cracked or peeled off.
In the above embodiment, the coating surface density ρ of the positive electrode material layer is set to 0.005g/cm2<ρ<0.05g/cm2. Preferably, the specific value of the coating areal density ρ is 0.006g/cm2、0.007g/cm2、0.008g/cm2、0.009g/cm2、0.01g/cm2、0.015g/cm2、0.02g/cm2、0.025g/cm2、0.03g/cm2、0.035g/cm2、0.04g/cm2、0.045g/cm2. The density of the coating surface is controlled in a proper range, so that the pole piece has high energy density and good flexibility.
In the above embodiment, the compacted density PD of the positive electrode material layer has a value of 2.8g/cm3<PD<3.7g/cm3. Preferably, the specific value of the compacted density PD is 2.9g/cm3、3.0g/cm3、3.1g/cm3、3.2g/cm3、3.3g/cm3、3.4g/cm3、3.5g/cm3、3.6g/cm3. The compaction density is controlled within a proper range, so that the pole piece pool has high energy density and good flexibility.
In the above embodiment, the positive electrode material layer includes the positive electrode active material, the conductive agent, and the binder. The positive electrode active material includes LiaNixCoyM1-x-yO2、LiFePO4And LiMnO2Wherein M is Al and/or Mn, 0.5<a<1.2,0<x<1,0<y<1,0<x+y<1. Preferably, the positive electrode active material is further doped or coated with other metal and/or non-metal elements. The conductive agent comprises at least one of carbon black, conductive graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nano tube and graphene, and the adhesive comprises at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene butadiene rubber, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol and polytetrafluoroethylene.
2. Battery with a battery cell
A second aspect of the present invention provides a battery, including a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a separator disposed between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and an electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode sheet is the positive electrode sheet described in any one of the preceding paragraphs of the specification.
Negative plate
The negative plate comprises a negative current collector and a negative material layer coated on at least one surface of the negative current collector, the negative material layer comprises a negative active material, and the negative active material comprises artificial graphite, natural graphite, hard carbon, soft carbon and SiOxWherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2.
In some embodiments, the negative electrode material layer further includes a binder that improves binding of the negative electrode active material particles to each other and also improves binding of the negative electrode active material to the negative electrode current collector. Non-limiting examples of binders include polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl cellulose, diacetyl cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, carboxylated polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, ethylene oxide containing polymers, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene 1, 1-difluoride, polyethylene, polypropylene, styrene butadiene rubber, acrylated styrene butadiene rubber, epoxy, nylon, and the like.
In some embodiments, the negative electrode material layer further comprises a conductive material, thereby imparting conductivity to the electrode. The conductive material may include any conductive material as long as it does not cause a chemical change. Non-limiting examples of the conductive material include carbon-based materials (e.g., natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, carbon fiber, etc.), metal-based materials (e.g., metal powder, metal fiber, etc., including, for example, copper, nickel, aluminum, silver, etc.), conductive polymers (e.g., polyphenylene derivatives), and mixtures thereof.
Diaphragm
The material and shape of the separator used in the battery of the present invention are not particularly limited, and may be any of the techniques disclosed in the prior art.
In some embodiments, the separator may include a substrate layer and a surface treatment layer. The substrate layer is a non-woven fabric, a film or a composite film with a porous structure, and the material of the substrate layer is at least one selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide. Specifically, a polypropylene porous film, a polyethylene porous film, a polypropylene nonwoven fabric, a polyethylene nonwoven fabric, or a polypropylene-polyethylene-polypropylene porous composite film can be used. At least one surface of the substrate layer is provided with a surface treatment layer, and the surface treatment layer can be a polymer layer or an inorganic layer, or a layer formed by mixing a polymer and an inorganic substance.
The inorganic layer comprises inorganic particles and a binder, wherein the inorganic particles are selected from one or more of aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, hafnium oxide, tin oxide, cerium dioxide, nickel oxide, zinc oxide, calcium oxide, zirconium oxide, yttrium oxide, silicon carbide, boehmite, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and barium sulfate. The binder is selected from one or a combination of more of polyvinylidene fluoride, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ether, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyhexafluoropropylene.
The polymer layer comprises a polymer, and the material of the polymer is selected from at least one of polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, acrylate polymer, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ether, polyvinylidene fluoride and poly (vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene).
Electrolyte solution
The electrolyte used in the battery of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be any of the techniques disclosed in the prior art.
In some embodiments, the electrolyte contains a solvent, an additive, and a lithium salt. The solvent can be selected from cyclic carbonate, chain carbonate and carboxylic ester; the additive can be selected from ethylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, propane sultone, etc.; the lithium salt may be selected from lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, and the like.
The advantageous effects of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, comparative examples and performance tests.
Example 1
Preparing a positive plate: mixing the positive active substance, the conductive carbon black and the binder PVDF according to the ratio of 96.5:1.5:2, adding dry NMP, and uniformly stirring to obtain the positive slurry. Coating the positive electrode slurry on an aluminum foil, performing air-blast drying at 80-120 ℃, and finally performing cold pressing and slitting to obtain a positive electrode plate with a positive electrode material layer, wherein the coating surface density of the positive electrode material layer is 0.006g/cm2The compacted density is 3.3g/cm3。
Preparing a negative plate: mixing a negative electrode active material, conductive carbon black and a binder SBR according to a proportion of 96.5: and (3) mixing at the ratio of 1.5:2, adding deionized water, and uniformly stirring to obtain the cathode slurry. Coating the negative electrode slurry on copper foil, performing air-blast drying at 80-120 ℃, and finally performing cold pressing and slitting to obtain a negative electrode sheet with a negative electrode material layer, wherein the coating surface density of the negative electrode material layer is 0.002g/cm2Compacting by pressingThe density was 0.6g/cm3。
Preparing an electrolyte: mixing ethylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1, and adding LiPF6Preparing 1M solution as electrolyte for standby.
Isolation film preparation a PE separator was used.
Preparing a battery: the positive plate, the isolation film and the negative plate are wound together to form a winding core, wherein the isolation film can completely wrap the positive electrode or the negative electrode so as to prevent the positive electrode or the negative electrode and the positive electrode or the negative electrode from being in direct contact. And (4) wrapping the winding core by using a metal shell or an aluminum plastic film, and then injecting electrolyte into the winding core. And finally, obtaining the battery product after the processes of formation, capacity grading and the like and complete sealing.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is:
the coating surface density of the positive electrode material layer is 0.008g/cm2The compacted density is 3.3g/cm3。
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is:
the coating surface density of the positive electrode material layer is 0.01g/cm2The compacted density is 3.4g/cm3。
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is:
the coating surface density of the positive electrode material layer is 0.02g/cm2The compacted density is 3.2g/cm3。
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 5
The difference from example 1 is:
the coating surface density of the positive electrode material layer is 0.03g/cm2The compacted density is 3.1g/cm3。
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 6
The difference from example 1 is:
the coating surface density of the positive electrode material layer is 0.035g/cm2The compacted density is 3.0g/cm3。
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 7
The difference from example 1 is:
the coating surface density of the positive electrode material layer is 0.04g/cm2The compacted density is 3.0g/cm3。
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 8
The difference from example 1 is:
the coating surface density of the positive electrode material layer is 0.045g/cm2The compacted density is 2.9g/cm3。
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is:
the coating surface density of the positive electrode material layer is 0.005g/cm2The compacted density is 2.8g/cm3。
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is:
the coating surface density of the positive electrode material layer is 0.05g/cm2The compacted density is 3.7g/cm3。
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is:
the coating surface density of the positive electrode material layer is 0.04g/cm2The compacted density is 3.3g/cm3。
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Performance testing
The following tests were performed on the batteries prepared in the above examples and comparative examples:
1) and taking a plurality of steel needles with successively larger diameters, taking the steel needles as central bodies in turn, winding the positive plate along the central bodies, observing whether the positive material layer on the positive plate cracks or falls off, and recording the diameter value of the steel needles when the positive material layer does not crack or fall off. The smaller the diameter value of the steel needle, the better the flexibility of the positive plate.
2) The cells were subjected to a 1C/1C charge-discharge 100% DOD cycle test at 25 deg.C and the number of cycles at which the capacity had decayed to 80% of the initial capacity was recorded.
The results of the above tests are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 test results
As can be seen from the test results of table 1:
1) when the coated areal density ρ and the compacted density PD of the positive electrode material layer satisfy the relationship defined herein and each of the coated areal density ρ and the compacted density PD falls within the range defined herein (examples 1 to 8), the diameter of the steel pin, which starts to crack or fall off the positive electrode material layer upon winding thereof, is significantly smaller than that of comparative examples 1 to 3, wherein comparative examples 1 to 2 are such that the coated areal density ρ and the compacted density PD do not satisfy the relationship defined herein and each of the coated areal density ρ and the compacted density PD does not fall within the range defined herein, and comparative example 3 is such that the coated areal density ρ and the compacted density PD do not satisfy the relationship defined herein but each of the coated areal density ρ and the compacted density PD falls within the range defined herein. Therefore, the positive plate has better flexibility.
2) The coating surface density and the compaction density of the positive plate adopted in each embodiment are controlled in a reasonable range and meet corresponding relations, and the obtained positive plate has good flexibility and stability, so that the capacity retention rate of the battery is excellent during charge and discharge cycles.
Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may also occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope of the invention as disclosed and taught herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any obvious improvement, replacement or modification made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (10)
1. The positive plate is characterized by comprising a positive current collector and a positive material layer arranged on at least one surface of the positive current collector, wherein the coating surface density rho and the compacted density PD of the positive material layer satisfy the following relation: 3.4< ρ × 26+ PD < 4.2.
2. The positive electrode sheet according to claim 1, wherein the coating areal density ρ and the compacted density PD of the positive electrode material layer satisfy the relationship: 3.6< ρ × 26+ PD < 4.0.
3. The positive electrode sheet according to claim 2, wherein the coating areal density p and the compacted density PD of the positive electrode material layer satisfy the relationship: 3.7< ρ × 26+ PD < 3.9.
4. The positive electrode sheet according to claim 1, wherein the coating areal density ρ of the positive electrode material layer is 0.005g/cm2<ρ<0.05g/cm2。
5. The positive electrode sheet according to claim 1, wherein the compacted density PD of the positive electrode material layer has a value of 2.8g/cm3<PD<3.7g/cm3。
6. The positive electrode sheet according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode material layer comprises a positive electrode active material including LiaNixCoyM1-x-yO2、LiFePO4And LiMnO2Wherein M is Al and/or Mn, 0.5<a<1.2,0<x<1,0<y<1,0<x+y<1。
7. The positive electrode sheet according to claim 6, wherein the positive electrode active material is further doped or coated with other metal and/or non-metal elements.
8. The positive electrode sheet according to claim 6, wherein the positive electrode material layer further comprises a conductive agent and a binder, the conductive agent comprises at least one of carbon black, conductive graphite, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, and the binder comprises at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene butadiene rubber, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, and polytetrafluoroethylene.
9. A battery comprising a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a separator provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and an electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode sheet is according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The battery according to claim 9, wherein the negative electrode sheet comprises a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode material layer coated on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode material layer comprises a negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material comprises artificial graphite, natural graphite, hard carbon, soft carbon, and SiOxWherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2.
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