CN103033675A - Alternating current synchronous collecting system and achieving method thereof - Google Patents
Alternating current synchronous collecting system and achieving method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103033675A CN103033675A CN2012105298516A CN201210529851A CN103033675A CN 103033675 A CN103033675 A CN 103033675A CN 2012105298516 A CN2012105298516 A CN 2012105298516A CN 201210529851 A CN201210529851 A CN 201210529851A CN 103033675 A CN103033675 A CN 103033675A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an alternating current synchronous collecting system and an achieving method thereof. The alternating current synchronous collection system comprises a signal collecting unit, a global position system (GPS) clock synchronization unit, a signal processing unit and a main controller. The signal collecting unit is used for carrying out level switch for to-be-sampled alternating current parameters respectively through a voltage transformer and a current transformer, and inputting the alternating current parameters to each analog-digital converter after carrying out signal conditioning to the alternating current parameters after the level switch. The GPS clock synchronization unit is used for providing synchronous collecting frequency for each analog-digital converter. The signal processing unit is respectively connected with the signal collecting unit and the GPS clock synchronization unit and composed of a plurality of analog-digital converters and the main controller connected with each analog-digital converter through a data bus, wherein each analog-digital converter is used for carrying out analog-digital conversion to the alternating current parameters for generating digital quantity sample data. The main controller is used for reading the sample data through the data bus. According to the alternating current synchronous collection system and the achieving method thereof, sampling accuracy is high, conversion rate is quick, collecting quantity is large, instantaneity is good, and communication speed and data capacity of the system are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the signals collecting field, relate in particular to a kind of AC synchronous acquisition system and its implementation.
Background technology
Along with the development of China's electric network synthetic robotization, function no longer is satisfied with in the requirement of grid automation monitoring system is realized, also require to guarantee real-time, reliability, correctness and the accuracy of remote action data.At present, it is longer that sampling A/D chip is released the time, and sampling precision or speed are all slow; And acquisition system can't realize the synchronous acquisition of a plurality of sampling A/D chip, so, traditional data-signal acquisition system sampling precision is low, switching rate is slow, collection capacity is limited and real-time is poor, and its performance far can not satisfy the automatic technology of development to the new demand of power network monitoring.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, can't realize the defective of a plurality of sampling A/D chip synchronous acquisitions for prior art, a kind of AC synchronous acquisition system and its implementation that realizes a plurality of analog to digital converter synchronous acquisitions is provided, remedied the performance deficiency of existing ac parameter acquisition system.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of AC synchronous acquisition system is provided, described system comprise signal gathering unit, gps clock lock unit and respectively with described signal gathering unit be connected the signal processing unit that the gps clock lock unit is connected, described signal processing unit is by a plurality of analog to digital converters and form by the primary controller that data bus is connected with each analog to digital converter respectively, wherein:
Described signal gathering unit, the ac parameter that is used for respectively treating by the voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer sampling carries out level conversion, and the ac parameter after the level conversion carried out inputing to after the signal condition each analog to digital converter, wherein, described ac parameter comprises three-phase voltage and three-phase current;
Described gps clock lock unit is used to each analog to digital converter that the synchronous acquisition frequency is provided;
Described analog to digital converter is used for described ac parameter is carried out analog to digital conversion, with the sampled data of generating digital amount;
Described primary controller is used for reading described sampled data by data bus.
Preferably, described data bus is the CAN bus.
Preferably, described gps clock lock unit by GPS module, constant-temperature crystal oscillator and respectively with described GPS module be connected the clock generation circuit that constant-temperature crystal oscillator is connected and form, wherein, the clock signal that produces of the time reference that produces according to described GPS module of described clock generation circuit and described constant-temperature crystal oscillator produces the synchronous acquisition frequency.
Preferably, described GPS module is connected with described primary controller by serial ports.
Preferably, described clock generation circuit respectively with each analog to digital converter be connected primary controller and be connected.
The present invention also provides a kind of implementation method of AC synchronous acquisition system, and described AC synchronous acquisition system is above-mentioned AC synchronous acquisition system, said method comprising the steps of:
S1. according to every cycle sampling number calculating sampling time interval;
S2. described sampling time interval is set in the GPS module, described GPS module is sent pulse signal according to described sampling time interval to primary controller, described primary controller is controlled a plurality of analog to digital converters and is sampled, and described analog to digital converter is converted to the analog quantity of sampling the sampled data of digital quantity;
S3. judge whether described sampling time interval arrives, if, execution in step S4 then, if not, circulation step S3 then;
S4. read sampled data in the described analog to digital converter by data bus;
S5. by digital filtering algorithm described sampled data is processed, and calculate the effective value of every electric parameter in the described sampled data by the AC sampling algorithm, wherein, the effective value of described every electric parameter comprises voltage effective value, current effective value, active power effective value and reactive power effective value.
Preferably, described digital filtering algorithm is single order low-pass filtering algorithm.
Preferably, the formula of described single order low-pass filtering algorithm is:
y(n)?=?a*x(n)+(1-a)*y(n-1)；
Wherein, a is filter factor, and n is current sampling number, and x (n) is current sampled value, and y (n-1) is a front filtering output value, and y (n) is current filtering output value.
Preferably, described AC sampling algorithm is root mean square algorithm.
Preferably, the formula that calculates the effective value of every electric parameter in the described sampled data by described root mean square algorithm is specially:
Wherein, U, I, P, Q represent respectively voltage effective value, current effective value, active power effective value and reactive power effective value; U, i represent respectively voltage transient sampled value and electric current instantaneous sampling value; N represents every cycle sampling number; T represents every cycle duration.
Implement technical scheme of the present invention, have following beneficial effect: the ac parameter for the treatment of sampling by signal gathering unit carries out level conversion, and it is inputed to each analog to digital converter after nursing one's health, thereby realized the synchronous acquisition of a plurality of analog to digital converters, this technical scheme sampling precision is high, switching rate is fast, collection capacity is many and real-time is good, has remedied the performance deficiency of existing ac parameter acquisition system; In addition, traffic rate and the data capacity of system have been improved.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of AC synchronous acquisition system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of clock generation circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the implementation method of AC synchronous acquisition system of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
See also Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the structural representation of AC synchronous acquisition system of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, described system comprises signal gathering unit 100, gps clock lock unit 200 and respectively with described signal gathering unit 100 be connected the signal processing unit 300 that gps clock lock unit 200 is connected, described signal processing unit 300 is by a plurality of analog to digital converters and form by the primary controller that data bus is connected with each analog to digital converter respectively, in the present embodiment, this data bus is the CAN bus, traffic rate and the data capacity of system have been improved, those skilled in the art should understand, in other embodiments, also can adopt other data bus, for example iic bus etc. does not repeat them here.
Should be noted that, the configurable a plurality of analog to digital converters of each primary controller, generally speaking, each analog to digital converter can gather at most 64 tunnel remote measurement amounts, and in the present embodiment, this analog to digital converter is comprised of chip MAX11046, this primary controller is comprised of chip SAM9X25, comprise the essential parts such as power management, real-time clock, data storage, reset circuit, CAN bus interface, 485 interfaces and Ethernet interface, those skilled in the art should understand, and does not repeat them here.
It is worth mentioning that, the theoretical foundation of AC sampling is sampling thheorem, requiring sample frequency is more than the twice of measured signal frequency, this just requires the hardware handles circuit that higher sample rate and data processing speed is provided, in the present embodiment, chip MAX11046 sampling rate can reach 250kps, and the dominant frequency of chip SAM9X25 can be like this AC sampling strong hardware supported is provided up to 400MHz.
Lower mask body is introduced building block and the effect thereof of various piece:
Described signal gathering unit 100, the ac parameter that is used for respectively treating by the voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer sampling carries out level conversion, and the ac parameter after the level conversion carried out inputing to after the signal condition each analog to digital converter, wherein, described ac parameter comprises three-phase voltage and three-phase current.
Should be noted that; at first; the high pressure of electrical network is become alternating voltage 100V and the alternating current 5A of standard by mutual inductor with large current conversion; then; by the secondary mutual inductor convert thereof into analog to digital converter desired-5V is to the level the between+5V; at last; the desired level of analog to digital converter is inputed to analog to digital converter afterwards via signal condition; general anti-aliasing low-pass filter and the buffer amplifier of adopting of signal condition; signal condition is about to measured signal by amplifying; filtering; linear compensation; convert the standard signal that analog to digital converter can be identified to after the operations such as isolation and protection, do not repeat them here.Because in the present embodiment, the model of the analog to digital converter that we select is chip MAX11046, because the MAX11046 chip adopts the difference input structure, this structure does not need input buffer amplifier usually, and have high input impedance, can directly be connected with the low-resistance sensor, and the impedance of voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer also relatively low (being generally 10 Ω to 50 Ω), therefore, can directly be connected to chip MAX11046 input stage by simple low-pass filter.
Described gps clock lock unit 200 is used to each analog to digital converter that the synchronous acquisition frequency is provided.
Described gps clock lock unit 200 by GPS module, constant-temperature crystal oscillator and respectively with described GPS module be connected the clock generation circuit that constant-temperature crystal oscillator is connected and form, this clock generation circuit as shown in Figure 2, it comprises chip LEA_6T and the peripheral circuit that is connected with this chip, does not repeat them here.Particularly, described GPS module is connected with described primary controller by serial ports, described clock generation circuit respectively with each analog to digital converter be connected primary controller and be connected.
Should be noted that, the GPS module is used the external antenna receiving satellite signal, to produce the GPS pulse per second (PPS) as the time reference of gps clock lock unit 200, adopt in the present embodiment chip LEA-6T, the GPS module size only is 17.0 x, 22.4 x 2.4mm, have the characteristics such as high sensitivity, low-power consumption, and, this GPS module adopts 50 parallel tracking channel designs, reception is from the C/A code information of Ll wave band, tracking sensitivity is-160dBm that location and time service scope are expanded to the place that traditional GPS receiver can not cover; The maximum renewal frequency of data is 5Hz, and configurable clock generator frequency range is: 0.25Hz-10MHz; Operating voltage range is: 2.7VDC-3.6VDC; In addition, this GPS module has very high time service precision.
Constant-temperature crystal oscillator produces the pulse of high stability as the clock signal of GPS synchronous clock unit 200, clock generation circuit produces high-precision synchronous acquisition frequency according to this time reference and clock signal, and provide it to multi-disc MAX11046, guarantee the synchronous of all collection capacities.
Described analog to digital converter is used for described ac parameter is carried out analog to digital conversion, with the sampled data of generating digital amount.
Described primary controller is used for reading described sampled data by data bus.
Please in conjunction with consulting Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the implementation method of AC synchronous acquisition system of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, said method comprising the steps of:
In step S1, according to every cycle sampling number calculating sampling time interval, this every cycle sampling number refers to counting that each cycle samples, and supposes that N represents every cycle sampling number; Ts represents sampling time interval, then Ts=1/N.
In step S2, described sampling time interval is set in the GPS module, described GPS module is sent pulse signal according to described sampling time interval to primary controller, described primary controller is controlled a plurality of analog to digital converters and is sampled, and described analog to digital converter is converted to the analog quantity of sampling the sampled data of digital quantity.
In step S3, judge whether described sampling time interval arrives, if, execution in step S4 then, if not, circulation step S3 then.
In step S4, read sampled data in the described analog to digital converter by data bus.
In step S5, by digital filtering algorithm described sampled data is processed, and calculate the effective value of every electric parameter in the described sampled data by the AC sampling algorithm, wherein, the effective value of described every electric parameter comprises voltage effective value, current effective value, active power effective value and reactive power effective value.
Should be noted that, digital filtering algorithm has a variety of, such as single order low-pass filtering, medium filtering, mean filter, weighted mean filtering, mode filtering etc., consider that the single order low-pass filtering has good inhibiting effect to PERIODIC INTERFERENCE, so, in the present embodiment, adopt this sampled data of single order low-pass filtering algorithm process.
Wherein, the formula of described single order low-pass filtering algorithm is:
y(n)?=?a*x(n)+(1-a)*y(n-1)；
Wherein, a is filter factor, and n is current sampling number, and x (n) is current sampled value, and y (n-1) is a front filtering output value, and y (n) is current filtering output value.
After carrying out digital filtering algorithm among the step S3, obtain the higher sampled data of precision, but also need calculate by the AC sampling algorithm effective value of every electric parameter in the described sampled data.At present, the AC sampling algorithm has a variety of, according to its pattern function, can be divided into sinusoidal model algorithm and non-sinusoidal periodic model algorithm, and the sinusoidal model algorithm mainly contains maximal value algorithm, single-point algorithm, semiperiod integral method and two point samplings etc.; The non-sinusoidal model algorithm has root mean square algorithm and Fourier algorithm etc.
According to different demands, can select different sampling algorithms, and the important indicator of weighing various algorithms has: computational accuracy, response time and operand, but computational accuracy and speed are always conflicting, if want to obtain higher precision, need higher sample frequency, namely increase the data window of algorithm, under equal hardware condition, computing velocity will be slower; Select suitable algorithm, do not want single pursuit high precision or high-speed, but how between arithmetic accuracy and speed, to weigh.So, consider the more exactly electric parameter of measured waveform distortion of root mean square algorithm, and along with increasing of sampled point weekly, can improve acquisition precision, in the present embodiment, adopt root mean square algorithm to calculate the effective value of every electric parameter in the described sampled data.
Wherein, the formula that calculates the effective value of every electric parameter in the described sampled data by described root mean square algorithm is specially:
；
Wherein, U, I, P, Q represent respectively voltage effective value, current effective value, active power effective value and reactive power effective value; U, i represent respectively voltage transient sampled value and electric current instantaneous sampling value; N represents every cycle sampling number; T represents every cycle duration.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step that realizes in the various embodiments described above method is to come the relevant hardware of instruction to finish by program, corresponding program can be stored in the computer read/write memory medium, described storage medium is such as ROM/RAM, disk or CD etc.
Compared to prior art, the ac parameter for the treatment of sampling by signal gathering unit carries out level conversion, and it is inputed to each analog to digital converter after nursing one's health, thereby realized the synchronous acquisition of a plurality of analog to digital converters, this technical scheme sampling precision is high, switching rate is fast, collection capacity is many and real-time is good, remedy the performance deficiency of existing ac parameter acquisition system, in addition, improved traffic rate and the data capacity of system.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. AC synchronous acquisition system, it is characterized in that, described system comprise signal gathering unit, gps clock lock unit and respectively with described signal gathering unit be connected the signal processing unit that the gps clock lock unit is connected, described signal processing unit is by a plurality of analog to digital converters and form by the primary controller that data bus is connected with each analog to digital converter respectively, wherein:
Described signal gathering unit, the ac parameter that is used for respectively treating by the voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer sampling carries out level conversion, and the ac parameter after the level conversion carried out inputing to after the signal condition each analog to digital converter, wherein, described ac parameter comprises three-phase voltage and three-phase current;
Described gps clock lock unit is used to each analog to digital converter that the synchronous acquisition frequency is provided;
Described analog to digital converter is used for described ac parameter is carried out analog to digital conversion, with the sampled data of generating digital amount;
Described primary controller is used for reading described sampled data by data bus.
2. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described data bus is the CAN bus.
3. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described gps clock lock unit by GPS module, constant-temperature crystal oscillator and respectively with described GPS module be connected the clock generation circuit that constant-temperature crystal oscillator is connected and form, wherein, the clock signal that produces of the time reference that produces according to described GPS module of described clock generation circuit and described constant-temperature crystal oscillator produces described synchronous acquisition frequency.
4. system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described GPS module is connected with described primary controller by serial ports.
5. system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described clock generation circuit respectively with each analog to digital converter be connected primary controller and be connected.
6. the implementation method of an AC synchronous acquisition system is characterized in that, described AC synchronous acquisition system is the claims 1 to 5 each described AC synchronous acquisition systems, said method comprising the steps of:
S1. according to every cycle sampling number calculating sampling time interval;
S2. described sampling time interval is set in the GPS module, described GPS module is sent pulse signal according to described sampling time interval to primary controller, described primary controller is controlled a plurality of analog to digital converters and is sampled, and described analog to digital converter is converted to the analog quantity of sampling the sampled data of digital quantity;
S3. judge whether described sampling time interval arrives, if, execution in step S4 then, if not, circulation step S3 then;
S4. read sampled data in the described analog to digital converter by data bus;
S5. by digital filtering algorithm described sampled data is processed, and calculate the effective value of every electric parameter in the described sampled data by the AC sampling algorithm, wherein, the effective value of described every electric parameter comprises voltage effective value, current effective value, active power effective value and reactive power effective value etc.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described digital filtering algorithm is single order low-pass filtering algorithm.
8. method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the formula of described single order low-pass filtering algorithm is:
Wherein, a is filter factor, and n is current sampling number, and x (n) is current sampled value, and y (n-1) is a front filtering output value, and y (n) is current filtering output value.
9. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described AC sampling algorithm is root mean square algorithm.
10. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the formula that calculates the effective value of every electric parameter in the described sampled data by described root mean square algorithm is specially:
Wherein, U, I, P, Q represent respectively voltage effective value, current effective value, active power effective value and reactive power effective value; U, i represent respectively voltage transient sampled value and electric current instantaneous sampling value; N represents every cycle sampling number; T represents every cycle duration.
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| CN108037393A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-15 | 武汉天富海科技发展有限公司 | Monitor the system and method for power electronics equipment key state in forceful electric power magnetic environment |
| CN108614148A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-10-02 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究 | A kind of alternating current, voltage synchronous sampling system and its method of sampling |
| CN109901023A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-06-18 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Fault transient data acquisition terminal, system and method on distribution network line column |
| CN110596485A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-12-20 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司 | Digital-analog integrated tester and digital-analog synchronous output method thereof |
| CN110940854A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-03-31 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Alternating current synchronous electric energy metering system based on Beidou/GPS clock |
| CN111090003A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-05-01 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Synchronous direct current electric energy metering system based on Beidou/GPS clock |
| CN111143261A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-05-12 | 云南大学 | PCIE (peripheral component interface express) -based high-speed data acquisition system |
| CN111244981A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-06-05 | 北京车和家信息技术有限公司 | Method and device for restraining unbalance of three-phase current |
| CN111781415A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-10-16 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | Real-time calculation method for effective value of alternating voltage suitable for DSP controller |
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| CN111143261A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-05-12 | 云南大学 | PCIE (peripheral component interface express) -based high-speed data acquisition system |
| CN111244981A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-06-05 | 北京车和家信息技术有限公司 | Method and device for restraining unbalance of three-phase current |
| CN111781415A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-10-16 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | Real-time calculation method for effective value of alternating voltage suitable for DSP controller |
| CN111781415B (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2023-02-28 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | Real-time calculation method for effective value of alternating voltage suitable for DSP controller |
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Application publication date: 20130410 |