CN103033399B - Atmospheric multiparameter transmitter for PM2.5 particulate matter monitor and use method thereof - Google Patents
Atmospheric multiparameter transmitter for PM2.5 particulate matter monitor and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an atmospheric multiparameter transmitter for a PM2.5 particulate matter monitor. The atmospheric multiparameter transmitter is characterized in that the upper end of a sampler pipeline (16) is connected with a sampler (1); the sampler pipeline (16) passes through a heater (2); the lower end of the sampler pipeline (16) is connected with a sensor module (15); one end of a heating power supply control unit (6) is connected with the heater (2) and the other end of the heating power supply control unit (6) is connected to a multiparameter transmitter host (10); a temperature and humidity sensor (5) is arranged on the sampler pipeline (16); an outdoor sensor (4) is positioned on the edge of the sampler (1); one end of a sensor transmission line terminal (9) is respectively connected with the temperature and humidity sensor (5), the outdoor sensor (4) and an RS232 external output communication interface (8); and the other end of the sensor transmission line terminal (9) is connected with the multiparameter transmitter host (10). The atmospheric multiparameter transmitter improves accuracy and reliability of sampling and analyzing PM2.5, has functions of monitoring, regulating and controlling temperatures, humidities and pressures inside and outside the PM2.5 sampler in real time, adopts a heat tracing condensation-preventing technology, intelligently controls sample gas into a suitable humidity range and ensures accuracy of PM2.5 measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to atmosphere particle monitoring equipment, especially a kind of PM2.5 particle monitoring instrument air multiparameter transmitter.
Background technology
Based on the air PM2.5 particle quality concentration detector whole system of Beta rays method, be generally made up of PM10 sampling head, PM2.5 cutter, sampling head, air multi parameter intallingent transmitter and instrument host.The ultimate principle of Beta rays method utilizes the particle that is deposited on filter membrane to the damping capacity of the Beta ray that C14 discharges to detect Atmospheric particulates mass concentration.During measurement, need aspiration pump to extract tested air with certain flow, isolate with PM2.5 chopper the particle that particle diameter in air is less than 2.5 microns, and be deposited on filter paper, then carry out computation and measurement and export PM2.5 particle quality concentration value.
When PM2.5 is monitored, be vulnerable to the impact of the various factors of environment, such as the impact of temperature, humidity, air pressure, flow velocity etc., thus make the data measured and actually to differ greatly, thus have impact on its authenticity.By up-to-date country relevant mark state butt standard-required, during monitoring PM2.5 pollution concentration level, announce or display be PM2.5 concentration value under standard state in dry sample gas, this also forces monitoring PM2.5 sampling thief outdoor environment temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, sampling thief internal temperature, humidity to become and must survey parameter.The humidity condition of different geographical generally can not be identical, and this also can not be identical on the impact of PM2.5 measured value, and the requirement of unified mark state butt, judgement PM2.5 that can be scientific and reasonable pollutes actual conditions.
Directly gather air as during until test sample gas at PM2.5 sampling thief, if when air humidity is higher and environment temperature is lower, then there is the possibility treating that test sample air cooling is solidifying, finally affect the accuracy that PM2.5 measures; And when humidity in air increases, can there is chemistry and change in physical because of hydroscopicity in fine particle PM2.5, and then affect its mass concentration size.If the humidity in sample does not have suitable control, so the measured value of the method is just inaccurate.
Traditional solution just makes flow, temperature constant, measures humidity, pressure and compensates.Its following defect is also obvious:
1) when the humiture of test chamber differs larger with humiture in air, test data can not conform to the actual conditions conjunction;
2) when relative humidity is larger, when the temperature of test chamber differs larger with air themperature, may condensation be there is, have impact on the normal measurement of PM2.5;
3) humidity owing to measuring is relative humidity, and the numerical value that direct compensation draws and precision do not have stability.
Visible PM2.5 sampling thief from the market, all do not possess humiture inside and outside Simultaneously test sampling thief, adopt companion's thermal technology of intelligence, not only prevent sample air cooling from coagulating but also the ability of sample air humidity degree at proper range can be controlled, therefore needing in market to develop a atmospheric parameter transmitter integrating sampling thief internal and external environment, humiture, pressure survey, providing foundation for accurately calculating PM2.5 mark state contents on dry basis.
Summary of the invention
1. invent the technical matters that will solve
Humiture for test chamber differs larger with humiture in air, have impact on numerical value that the normal measurement of PM2.5 and compensation draw and precision and do not have problems such as stability, the invention provides a kind of PM2.5 particle monitoring instrument air multiparameter transmitter, can be accurately calculating PM2.5 mark state contents on dry basis and foundation is provided, and be matched on the sampling thief of PM2.5 superfine particulate matter monitor.
2 technical schemes
A kind of PM2.5 particle monitoring instrument air multi parameter intallingent transmitter, comprise sampling thief, well heater, paper tape transmission module, outdoor sensor, Temperature Humidity Sensor, heating power supply control module, sensor terminals, the external output communication interface of RS232, sensor transmissions line terminals, multiparameter transmitter main frame, 24VDC power supply, power supply terminal, transducing signal module terminals, heating signal terminal, sensor assembly, sampling thief pipeline, as shown in Figure 1, sampling thief pipeline upper end is connected with sampling thief, lower end is each passed through well heater and paper tape transmission module, finally connect with sensor assembly, and sensor assembly directly accesses sensing signaling module terminal on multiparameter transmitter main frame, heating power supply control module one end connects with well heater, the heating-up temperature of control heater, and the other end directly accesses heating signal terminal on multiparameter transmitter main frame, Temperature Humidity Sensor is arranged on sampling thief pipeline, for measuring the sample temperature degree and sample air humidity degree wherein carried, outdoor sensor is positioned on the top sampling thief limit of equipment, for measuring the temperature and humidity in air, sensor transmissions line terminals one end respectively output communication interface external with Temperature Humidity Sensor, outdoor sensor and RS232 is connected, and the other end is connected with multiparameter transmitter main frame upper sensor connection terminal, 24VDC power supply is directly connected with multiparameter transmitter main frame power source terminal, wherein said multiparameter transmitter main frame, except including above-mentioned connection terminal, also comprise CPU processor, IIC sensor, D/A converter, reference voltage and power supply etc., as shown in Figure 2, described CPU processor gathers the warm and humid angle value of IIC sensor by iic bus interface.
In addition, a kind of system of PM2.5 particle monitoring instrument air multi parameter intallingent transmitter, also comprises data acquisition display unit, comprises front end data acquisition circuit, signal amplifies conversion circuit, software Treatment Analysis system.Described front end data acquisition circuit, namely gathers the analog or digital signal that Temperature Humidity Sensor sends; Signal amplifies conversion circuit, and the signal next to collection carries out the amplification filtering of Hardware, and unification changes into digital signal; Software Treatment Analysis system, be to transform after digital signal carry out digital filtering, and humiture, the pressure of chamber is analyzed in conjunction with outside atmosphere and internal sample, sample gas is gathered flow conversion for mark state butt volume, the PM2.5 of different geographical monitoring is changed into same basic point, provides condition for scientific and reasonable judgement PM2.5 pollutes actual conditions.
During work, from sampling thief sample gas out via sampling thief pipeline and by embedded accurate filter, enter sensor assembly, this sensor to be used in Test Cycle flow Q and pipe atmospheric pressure P under sample gas operating mode
1; Pipeline is provided with well heater and Temperature Humidity Sensor, Temperature Humidity Sensor is for measuring sample temperature degree and the sample air humidity degree of this period.The outlet of sensor is connected with variable valve, and the outlet of variable valve is connected with external pump.By the program of instrument internal and this part fits with after measuring these signals, after CPU processor calculating, current operating mode flow can be obtained and mark condition flow.Judged and instruction by program, variable valve can be made to automatically adjust, make the operating mode stability of flow of instrument on the working point of flowrate optimization value.
3. beneficial effect
1) PM2.5 humiture dual adaptation observation and control technology: adopt the self-adaptation comparison optimisation technique based on dual curve, introduce two-way antithesis Temperature Humidity Sensor, the humiture that outside atmosphere and internal sample analyze chamber can be measured by real-time synchronization, complete air ultrafine particle smoke moisture, the measurement of temperature and compensation, the humiture of continuous on-line measurement air background, and export with the standard signal of 4-20mA.
2) Intelligent Dynamic heating Sampling techniques: real-time automatic tracking measures smoke moisture and temperature variation, when the dewpoint temperature of air moisture content and actual temperature meet the condition of setting, automatic switchover air moisture absolute humidity measurement function, start dynamic heat, ensure that sample gas gatherer process does not occur condensation, heating process prevents the overheated volatility that causes and the volatilization of half volatile material, overcome condensation thus and evaporate the measuring error brought, ensureing the accuracy of air superfine particulate matter measurement result.
3) intelligent constant humidity Constant flow sample technology: adopt the Sampling techniques based on constant humidity and constant current, is scaled mark state butt flow and the volume of latest national standards relevant regulations in real time, and keeps long-time stability and the measuring accuracy of measurement.
The present invention adopts separately or comprehensively adopts the PM2.5 superfine particulate matter air multi parameter intallingent transmitter of above-mentioned 3 kinds of technical researches, overcome the impact of sampling process background air humidity for PM2.5 measurement result, the contradiction of effective minimizing sampling process cryogenic condensation and high temperature evaporation, improve sampling analysis precision and the reliability of PM2.5, can be applicable to, in PM10 particle monitoring instrument equipment, also can be widely used in China's air quality on-line monitoring field.
atmospheric parameter intelligent transducer in the present invention, has inside and outside Real-Time Monitoring and regulation and control PM2.5 sampling thief
temperature, humidity and pressure, and with companion hot condensation-proof technology, can Based Intelligent Control sample gas in suitable humidity, ensure
the accuracy of PM25 measurement result and stability, meet HJ/T76-2007 " fixed-contamination source emission flue gas
continuous monitor system technical requirement and detection method " requirement.And there is following concrete advantage:
1) good precision and Measurement sensibility, reliability is high; Maintenance is little and cost is low;
2) interchangeability is strong, without the need to recalibrating, is convenient to provide for simple replacement of at the scene;
3) can humiture, pressure and other parameters inside and outside Simultaneous Determination sampling thief, provide foundation for PM2.5 is converted to mark state butt;
4) can intelligent diagnostics sample temperature degree, dew point, when sample temperature degree and dew point are lower than a certain value, automatically start the hot condensation-proof technology of companion, prevent sample air cooling from coagulating;
5) there is system dynamic compensation function, solve environmental baseline epidemic disaster well to the impact of measuring, and avoid the impact on volatile matter;
6) circuit part and pressure transducer are integrated in aluminium box, and whole system volume is little, carry, easy for installation;
The main object that the present invention can be benefited has: flue gas monitoring system integrator, various places environmental monitoring station, national each Electric Power Section institute, petrochemical industry, cement, metallurgy etc.The present invention is suitable for each power plant emission pollutant flue gas and urban air-quality analysis, also can be applicable to the various occasion needing measurement environment humiture such as medicine, microelectronics and building automation, food storage, Heating,Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC), condition monitoring.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is air multi parameter intallingent structure of transmitter schematic diagram;
Be labeled as in figure: 1-sampling thief, 2-well heater, 3-paper tape transmission module, 4-outdoor sensor, 5-Temperature Humidity Sensor, 6-heating power supply control module, 7-sensor terminals, the external output communication interface of 8-RS232,9-sensor transmissions line terminals, 10-multiparameter transmitter main frame, 11-24VDC power supply, 12-power supply terminal, 13-signaling module terminal, 14-heating signal terminal, 15-sensor assembly, 16-sampling thief pipeline;
Fig. 2 is air multi parameter intallingent transmitter host work principle schematic;
Embodiment 1:
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the present invention PM2.5 particle monitoring instrument air multi parameter intallingent transmitter, as shown in Figure 1, comprise sampling thief 1, well heater 2, paper tape transmission module 3, outdoor sensor 4, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, heating power supply control module 6, sensor terminals 7, the external output communication interface 8 of RS232, sensor transmissions line terminals 9, multiparameter transmitter main frame 10, 24VDC power supply 11, power supply terminal 12, transducing signal module terminals 13, heating signal terminal 14, sensor assembly 15, sampling thief pipeline 16 etc., the annexation of each parts as above-mentioned in Fig. 1 and position relationship and Signal transmissions relation as follows: sampling thief pipeline 16 upper end is connected with sampling thief 1, lower end is each passed through well heater 2 and paper tape transmission module 3, finally connect with sensor assembly 15, and sensor assembly 15 directly accesses sensing signaling module terminal 13 on multiparameter transmitter main frame 10, heating power supply control module 6 one end connects with well heater 2, the heating-up temperature of control heater 2, and the other end directly accesses heating signal terminal 14 on multiparameter transmitter main frame 10, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5 is arranged on sampling thief pipeline 16, for measuring the sample temperature degree and sample air humidity degree wherein carried, outdoor sensor 4 is positioned on top sampling thief 1 limit of equipment, for measuring the temperature and humidity in air, sensor transmissions line terminals 9 one end is connected with the external output communication interface 8 of Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, outdoor sensor 4 and RS232 respectively, and the other end is connected with multiparameter transmitter main frame 10 upper sensor connection terminal 7, 24VDC power supply 11 is directly connected with multiparameter transmitter main frame 10 power source terminal 12.Wherein, multiparameter transmitter main frame 10, as shown in Figure 2, comprises CPU processor, IIC sensor, D/A converter, reference voltage and power supply, and wherein, IIC sensor primary responsibility temperature and humidity measurement, requires pressure-resistant seal, withstand voltage 0.1MPA.
CPU processor, by iic bus interface, is connected with IIC sensor, the warm and humid angle value of main pick-up transducers, and connects with D/A converter simultaneously, the warm and humid angle value of sensor is transferred to D/A converter and carries out analog to digital conversion; Above-mentioned parts all connect with power supply, accept power supply.
During whole system work, from sampling thief 1 sample gas out via sampling thief pipeline 16 and by embedded accurate filter, enter sensor assembly 15, this accurate filter is mainly used in filtering the object being greater than PM2.5 particle, and sensor assembly 15 is mainly used in Test Cycle flow Q and atmospheric pressure P1 under managing interior sample gas operating mode; Pipeline 16 is provided with well heater 2, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, described Temperature Humidity Sensor 5 is for measuring sample temperature degree and the sample air humidity degree of this period.The outlet of sensor assembly 15 is connected with variable valve, and the outlet of variable valve is connected with external pump.By the program of instrument internal and this part fits with after measuring these signals, after the computing of CPU MICROCOMPUTER PROCESSING, current operating mode flow can be obtained and mark condition flow.Judged and instruction by program, variable valve can be made to automatically adjust, make the operating mode stability of flow of instrument on the working point of flowrate optimization value.Directly gather air as during until test sample gas at PM2.5 sampling thief, if when air humidity is higher and environment temperature is lower, then there is the possibility treating that test sample air cooling is solidifying, finally affect the accuracy that PM2.5 measures; Further, when humidity in air increases, can there is chemistry and change in physical because of hydroscopicity in fine particle PM2.5, and then affect its mass concentration size.If the humidity in sample does not have suitable control, so the measured value of the method is just inaccurate.Therefore suitably the humidity controlled in sample gas is also the important Quality Control measure ensureing PM2.5 measurement accuracy.
This invention takes following measure, solve above-mentioned Problems existing:
By outdoor sensor 4 shown in Fig. 1, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, real-time synchronization measures the humiture T2/RH2 of outside atmosphere humiture T1/RH1 and internal sample analysis chamber; By the synchro measure of outdoor sensor 4, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, revise test data, measurement data is consistent with actual.Dynamic heat system is formed by outdoor sensor 4, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, well heater 2 and heating power supply control module 6 thereof and Temperature and Humidity Control software.Well heater 2 be positioned at filter membrane before gas circuit on, dynamic heat can be carried out to analyzed gas (sample gas); When air humidity is higher (> 35%), well heater 2 can heat sampling thief pipeline 16, to reduce the relative humidity of the air-flow arriving filter paper, prevents moisture condensation on filter paper.When well heater heating-up temperature too high (usually more than 40 DEG C-50 DEG C), when exceeding certain limit (general 10 DEG C-20 DEG C) with the difference DELTA T of environment temperature, the loss of half volatile component in the PM2.5 that paper tape deposits can be caused, but with humidity on compared with the impact of measuring, this loss can be ignored.Generally can set the temperature difference limit value Δ T of gas path temperature and environment temperature as required.When sample gas dew point is lower than ambient dew point, for preventing sample air cooling from coagulating, automatically start intelligent heater.The present invention adopts dynamic heat technology, controls heating arrangement, reduces sample air humidity degree on the one hand, prevents again superheated from causing the decomposition of volatile contaminant in sample gas simultaneously.Temperature Humidity Sensor 5 is inserted PM2.5 sampling thief 1 feeler lever inner, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5 is popped one's head in fair with feeler lever surface simultaneously, and fundamental purpose avoids the impact on the sampling of sample gas, prevents from forming local turbulence; Also ensure that sample gas fully contacts with Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, real-time dynamic monitoring sample temperature and moisture, controls the humidity of sample gas in time, prevents control hysteresis from causing sample air cooling to coagulate.When constant flow, the relative humidity of measurement, temperature normalized are drawn absolute humidity, be scaled mark state butt flow and volume in real time, long-time stability and the measuring accuracy of measurement can be kept.
Air multi parameter intallingent transmitter job step of the present invention is as follows:
Step 1: by outdoor sensor 4, measures outdoor environment temperature T
1, humidity RH
1, atmospheric pressure P, participate in mark condition volume computing;
Step 2: by Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, measures the temperature T of PM2.5 sampling thief inside
2, humidity RH
2, be scaled dew point T simultaneously
d;
Step 3: work as T
2-T
dduring <15 DEG C, in order to prevent sample air cooling from coagulating, by heating power supply control module 6, automatically start the device based on the hot condensation-proof technology of companion;
Step 4: in order to ensure the accuracy that PM2.5 measures, suitably control sample air humidity degree, sample gas humid control is 35% ± 5%; The present invention is by heating power supply control module 6, and application relay/triode controls heating-up temperature T
3;
Step 5: by sensor assembly 15, atmospheric pressure P under carrying out Test Cycle flow Q and managing interior sample gas operating mode
1, be converted to mark condition flow Qn.
The accuracy of flow measurement, affects the accuracy of final PM2.5 concentration value.According to regulation in " ambient air quality " (GB3095-2012), PM2.5 concentration value is the concentration under index condition, and the working point flow of sampling thief 1 refers to the flow under working condition.The present invention is by sensor assembly 15, atmospheric pressure P under carrying out Test Cycle flow Q and managing interior sample gas operating mode
1.Therefore need the conversion carrying out operating mode flow and mark condition flow, can be calculated as follows:
In formula, Qn----------is the flow of mark condition;
Q----------is the flow of operating mode;
Pn-------is atmospheric pressure under mark condition, 101.325kPa;
Tn-------is temperature under mark condition, 273k;
P
1--------is atmospheric pressure under operating mode;
T
1it is temperature under operating mode.
Step 6, by the external output communication interface 8 of RS232, export each parameter: T
1, T
2, RH
1, RH
2, P, absolute humidity;
Wherein, input supply voltage is 5V, exports as voltage exports, outputs signal as follows:
Dew point signal (-40-80): 0-5V;
Relative humidity (0-100%RH): 0-5V.
Above-described embodiment is by embedding Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, and guarantee that system has good precision and Measurement sensibility, reliability is high; And solving the ultimate challenge of PM2.5 monitoring: the seizure problem of water problem and volatile particles thing, provides foundation for PM2.5 is converted to mark state butt; By increasing system dynamic compensation function: i.e. when air humidity is higher (> 35%), Intelligent heater can heat sampling thief pipeline 16, to reduce the relative humidity of the air-flow arriving filter paper, prevent moisture condensation on filter paper; Solution environmental baseline epidemic disaster and pressure and other parameters on the impact of measuring, and avoid the impact on volatile matter; And intelligent diagnostics sample temperature degree, dew point, when sample temperature degree and dew point are lower than a certain value, automatically start the hot condensation-proof technology of companion, prevent sample air cooling from coagulating.By can embedded wireless status sensing module at PM2.5 monitoring equipment, realize real-time remote monitoring, improve PM2.5 data security reliability and validity.By the modules such as the status monitoring of air sampling pretreatment system and epidemic disaster and pressure and other parameters can organic combination good at a heat insulating ability, have in the etui of electronic shield function, reduce the sampling of sample gas and the impact of pre-service for data monitoring validity, realize microminiaturized, integrated structure innovation.
Claims (1)
1. a PM2.5 particle monitoring instrument air multi parameter intallingent transmitter using method, step is as follows:
Step 1: by outdoor sensor (4), measures outdoor environment temperature T
1, humidity RH
1, atmospheric pressure P, participate in mark condition volume computing;
Step 2: by Temperature Humidity Sensor (5), measures the temperature T of PM2.5 sampling thief inside
2, humidity RH
2, be scaled dew point T simultaneously
d;
Step 3: work as T
2-T
dduring <15 DEG C, prevent sample air cooling from coagulating by heating power supply control module (6);
Step 4: in order to ensure the accuracy that PM2.5 measures, to sample gas humid control 35% ± 5%, by heating power supply control module (6), controls heating-up temperature T
3;
Step 5: by sensor assembly (15), atmospheric pressure P under carrying out Test Cycle flow Q and managing interior sample gas operating mode
1, be converted to mark condition flow Qn;
Step 6: by the external output communication interface (8) of RS232, output parameter T
1, T
2, RH
1, RH
2, P, absolute humidity;
Described PM2.5 particle monitoring instrument air multi parameter intallingent transmitter, comprise sampling thief (1), well heater (2), paper tape transmission module (3), outdoor sensor (4), Temperature Humidity Sensor (5), heating power supply control module (6), the external output communication interface (8) of RS232, sensor transmissions line terminals (9), multiparameter transmitter main frame (10), 24VDC power supply (11), sensor assembly (15), sampling thief pipeline (16), described sampling thief pipeline (16) upper end is connected with sampling thief (1), sampling thief pipeline (16) is successively through well heater (2) and paper tape transmission module (3), sampling thief pipeline (16) lower end connects with sensor assembly (15), sensor assembly (15) directly accesses the upper sensing signaling module terminal (13) of multiparameter transmitter main frame (10), heating power supply control module (6) one end connects with well heater (2), and the other end directly accesses the upper heating signal terminal (14) of multiparameter transmitter main frame (10), Temperature Humidity Sensor (5) is arranged on sampling thief pipeline (16), outdoor sensor (4) is positioned on top sampling thief (1) limit of transmitter, sensor transmissions line terminals (9) one end is connected with the external output communication interface (8) of Temperature Humidity Sensor (5), outdoor sensor (4) and RS232 respectively, and the other end is connected with multiparameter transmitter main frame (10) upper sensor connection terminal (7), 24VDC power supply (11) is directly connected with multiparameter transmitter main frame (10) power source terminal (12),
Described multiparameter transmitter main frame (10), also comprise CPU processor, IIC sensor, D/A converter, reference voltage and power supply, described, CPU processor is connected with the IIC sensor measuring humiture by iic bus interface, the warm and humid angle value of pick-up transducers, and connect with D/A converter simultaneously, the warm and humid angle value of sensor is transferred to D/A converter and carries out digital-to-analog conversion, CPU processor, IIC sensor, D/A converter, reference voltage all connect with power supply acceptance power supply.
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