CN103033399A - Atmospheric multiparameter transmitter for PM2.5 particulate matter monitor and use method thereof - Google Patents
Atmospheric multiparameter transmitter for PM2.5 particulate matter monitor and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an atmospheric multiparameter transmitter for a PM2.5 particulate matter monitor. The atmospheric multiparameter transmitter is characterized in that the upper end of a sampler pipeline (16) is connected with a sampler (1); the sampler pipeline (16) passes through a heater (2); the lower end of the sampler pipeline (16) is connected with a sensor module (15); one end of a heating power supply control unit (6) is connected with the heater (2) and the other end of the heating power supply control unit (6) is connected to a multiparameter transmitter host (10); a temperature and humidity sensor (5) is arranged on the sampler pipeline (16); an outdoor sensor (4) is positioned on the edge of the sampler (1); one end of a sensor transmission line terminal (9) is respectively connected with the temperature and humidity sensor (5), the outdoor sensor (4) and an RS232 external output communication interface (8); and the other end of the sensor transmission line terminal (9) is connected with the multiparameter transmitter host (10). The atmospheric multiparameter transmitter improves accuracy and reliability of sampling and analyzing PM2.5, has functions of monitoring, regulating and controlling temperatures, humidities and pressures inside and outside the PM2.5 sampler in real time, adopts a heat tracing condensation-preventing technology, intelligently controls sample gas into a suitable humidity range and ensures accuracy of PM2.5 measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to atmosphere particle monitoring equipment, especially a kind of PM2.5 particle monitoring instrument atmosphere multiparameter transmitter.
Background technology
Atmosphere PM2.5 particle quality concentration detector whole system based on the Beta rays method generally is comprised of PM10 sampling head, PM2.5 cutter, sampling head, atmosphere multi parameter intallingent transmitter and instrument host.The ultimate principle of Beta rays method is to utilize the damping capacity of the Beta ray that the particle be deposited on the filter membrane discharges C14 to detect the Atmospheric particulates mass concentration.During measurement, need aspiration pump to extract tested air with certain flow, isolate particle diameter in the air less than 2.5 microns particle with the PM2.5 chopper, and be deposited on the filter paper, carry out again computation and measurement output PM2.5 particle quality concentration value.
When PM2.5 is monitored, be vulnerable to the impact of the various factors of environment, such as the impact of temperature, humidity, air pressure, flow velocity etc., thereby so that the data of measuring and actual differing greatly, thereby affected its authenticity.By up-to-date country relevant mark attitude butt standard-required, during monitoring PM2.5 pollution concentration level, announce or what show is the PM2.5 concentration value in the dry sample gas under the standard state, this also forces monitoring PM2.5 sampling thief outdoor environment temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, sampling thief internal temperature, humidity to become must survey parameter.The humidity situation of different geographical generally can be not identical, and this impact on the PM2.5 measured value can be not identical yet, the requirement of unified mark attitude butt, and judgement PM2.5 that can be scientific and reasonable pollutes actual conditions.
Directly gather air when treating test sample gas at the PM2.5 sampling thief, if air humidity is higher and environment temperature when low, then have possibility for the treatment of that test sample air cooling is solidifying, finally affect the accuracy of PM2.5 measurement; And when humidity in the atmosphere increased, chemistry and change in physical can occur because of hydroscopicity in fine particle PM2.5, and then affected its mass concentration size.If the humidity in the sample does not have suitable control, the measured value of the method is just inaccurate so.
Traditional solution just makes flow, temperature constant, and humidity, pressure are measured and compensated.Its following defective also is obvious:
1) when humiture differed larger in the humiture of test chamber and the air, test data can not conform to the actual conditions and closes;
When 2) relative humidity is larger, when the temperature of test chamber and air themperature differ larger, condensation may occur, affect the normal measurement of PM2.5;
3) because the humidity of measuring is relative humidity, the numerical value that direct compensation draws and precision be tool stability not.
Visible PM2.5 sampling thief from the market, all do not possess companion's thermal technology of measuring simultaneously the inside and outside humiture of sampling thief, adopting intelligence, not only prevented that sample air cooling was solidifying but also can control sample air humidity degree in the ability of proper range, therefore need to develop a atmospheric parameter transmitter that integrates sampling thief internal and external environment, humiture, pressure survey in the market, provide foundation for accurately calculating PM2.5 mark attitude contents on dry basis.
Summary of the invention
1. invent the technical matters that will solve
Differ larger for humiture in the humiture of test chamber and the air, affect the normal measurement of PM2.5 and numerical value that compensation draws and precision and do not had problems such as stability, the invention provides a kind of PM2.5 particle monitoring instrument atmosphere multiparameter transmitter, can be accurate calculating PM2.5 mark attitude contents on dry basis foundation is provided, and be matched on the sampling thief of PM2.5 superfine particulate matter monitor.
2 technical schemes
A kind of PM2.5 particle monitoring instrument atmosphere multi parameter intallingent transmitter, comprise sampling thief, well heater, the paper tape transmission module, outdoor sensor, Temperature Humidity Sensor, the heating power supply control module, sensor terminals, the external output communication interface of RS232, the sensor transmissions line terminals, multiparameter transmitter main frame, the 24VDC power supply, power supply terminal, the transducing signal module terminals, the heating signal terminal, sensor assembly, the sampling thief pipeline, as shown in Figure 1, sampling thief pipeline upper end links to each other with sampling thief, well heater and paper tape transmission module are passed respectively in the lower end, final and sensor assembly joins, and sensor assembly directly accesses sensing signaling module terminal on the multiparameter transmitter main frame; Heating power supply control module one end and well heater join, the heating-up temperature of control heater, and the other end directly accesses heating signal terminal on the multiparameter transmitter main frame; Temperature Humidity Sensor is installed on the sampling thief pipeline, is used for measuring sample temperature degree and the sample air humidity degree of wherein carrying; Outdoor sensor is positioned on the top sampling thief limit of equipment, is used for measuring the temperature and humidity of atmosphere; Sensor transmissions line terminals one end is connected with the external output communication interface of Temperature Humidity Sensor, outdoor sensor and RS232 respectively, and the other end links to each other with multiparameter transmitter main frame upper sensor connection terminal; The 24VDC power supply directly links to each other with multiparameter transmitter main frame power source terminal; Wherein said multiparameter transmitter main frame, except including above-mentioned connection terminal, also comprise CPU processor, IIC sensor, D/A converter, reference voltage and power supply etc., as shown in Figure 2, described CPU processor gathers the humiture value of IIC sensor by the iic bus interface.
In addition, a kind of PM2.5 particle monitoring instrument also comprises the data acquisition display unit with the system of atmosphere multi parameter intallingent transmitter, comprises that front end data acquisition circuit, signal amplify conversion circuit, software Treatment Analysis system.Described front end data acquisition circuit namely gathers the analog or digital signal that Temperature Humidity Sensor sends; Signal amplifies conversion circuit, carries out the amplification filtering of Hardware to gathering the signal that comes, the unified digital signal that changes into; Software Treatment Analysis system, that the digital signal after transforming is carried out digital filtering, and in conjunction with humiture, the pressure of extraneous air environment and inner sampling analysis chamber, sample gas is gathered the flow conversion be mark attitude butt volume, the PM2.5 monitoring of different geographical is changed into same basic point, provide condition for scientific and reasonable judgement PM2.5 pollutes actual conditions.
During work, from sampling thief sample gas out via the sampling thief pipeline and by embedded accurate filter, enter sensor assembly, this sensor is used in Test Cycle flow Q and the pipe atmospheric pressure P under the sample gas operating mode
1Well heater and Temperature Humidity Sensor are installed on the pipeline, and Temperature Humidity Sensor is used for measuring sample temperature degree and the sample air humidity degree of this period.The outlet of sensor is connected with variable valve, and the outlet of variable valve is connected with external pump.The program that cooperates with these parts by instrument internal and measure these signals after, after the CPU processor calculating, can obtain current operating mode flow and mark condition flow.Judge and instruction by program, variable valve is automatically adjusted, make the operating mode stability of flow of instrument on the working point of flowrate optimization value.
3. beneficial effect
1) PM2.5 humiture dual adaptation observation and control technology: adopt the self-adaptation comparison optimisation technique based on dual curve, introduce two-way antithesis Temperature Humidity Sensor, but real-time synchronization is measured the humiture of extraneous air environment and inner sampling analysis chamber, finish measurement and the compensation of air ultrafine particle smoke moisture, temperature, the continuous humiture of on-line measurement air background, and with the standard signal output of 4-20mA.
2) Intelligent Dynamic heating Sampling techniques: real-time automatic tracking is measured smoke moisture and temperature variation, when the dewpoint temperature of air moisture content and actual temperature satisfy the condition of setting, automatic switchover air moisture absolute humidity measurement function, start dynamic heat, guarantee that condensation does not appear in sample gas gatherer process, heating process prevents the overheated volatility that causes and the volatilization of half volatile material, overcomes thus the measuring error that condensation and evaporation bring, and guarantees the accuracy of air superfine particulate matter measurement result.
3) intelligent constant humidity constant current Sampling techniques: adopt the Sampling techniques based on constant humidity and constant current, be scaled in real time mark attitude butt flow and the volume of latest national standards relevant regulations, and keep long-time stability and the measuring accuracy of measurement.
The present invention adopts or comprehensively adopts separately the PM2.5 superfine particulate matter atmosphere multi parameter intallingent transmitter of above-mentioned 3 kinds of technical researches, overcome the impact of sampling process background air humidity for the PM2.5 measurement result, effectively reduce the contradiction of sampling process cryogenic condensation and high temperature evaporation, improve sampling analysis precision and the reliability of PM2.5, can be applicable to also can be widely used in China air quality on-line monitoring field in the PM10 particle monitoring instrument equipment.
Atmospheric parameter intelligent transducer among the present invention has inside and outside Real-Time Monitoring and the regulation and control PM2.5 sampling thief
Temperature, humidity and pressure, and with the hot condensation-proof technology of companion, but Based Intelligent Control sample gas guarantees in suitable humidity
The accuracy of PM25 measurement result and stability meet HJ/T76-2007 " fixed-contamination source emission flue gas
Continuous monitor system technical requirement and detection method " requirement.And have a following concrete advantage:
1) good precision and Measurement sensibility, reliability is high; Maintenance is little and cost is low;
2) interchangeability is strong, need not to recalibrate, and is convenient to provide for simple replacement of at the scene;
3) but the inside and outside humiture of Simultaneous Determination sampling thief, pressure and other parameters provides foundation for PM2.5 is converted to mark attitude butt;
4) but intelligent diagnostics sample temperature degree, dew point when sample temperature degree and dew point are lower than a certain value, starts the hot condensation-proof technology of companion automatically, prevent that sample air cooling is solidifying;
5) have system's dynamic compensation function, solved well environmental baseline temperature, the impact of humidity on measuring, and avoid the impact on volatile matter;
6) circuit part and pressure transducer are integrated in the aluminium box, and the whole system volume is little, carry, easy for installation;
The main object that the present invention can be benefited has: flue gas monitoring system integrator, various places environmental monitoring station, each Electric Power Section institute of the whole nation, petrochemical industry, cement, metallurgy etc.The present invention is suitable for each power plant emission pollutant flue gas and urban air-quality analysis, also can be applicable to the various occasions that need the measurement environment humiture such as medicine, microelectronics and building automatic control, food storage, Heating,Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC), condition monitoring.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is atmosphere multi parameter intallingent structure of transmitter synoptic diagram;
Be labeled as among the figure: 1-sampling thief, 2-well heater, 3-paper tape transmission module, the outdoor sensor of 4-, 5-Temperature Humidity Sensor, 6-heating power supply control module, 7-sensor terminals, the external output communication interface of 8-RS232,9-sensor transmissions line terminals, 10-multiparameter transmitter main frame, 11-24VDC power supply, 12-power supply terminal, 13-signaling module terminal, 14-heating signal terminal, 15-sensor assembly, 16-sampling thief pipeline;
Fig. 2 is atmosphere multi parameter intallingent transmitter host work principle schematic;
Embodiment 1:
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the invention PM2.5 particle monitoring instrument atmosphere multi parameter intallingent transmitter, as shown in Figure 1, comprise sampling thief 1, well heater 2, paper tape transmission module 3, outdoor sensor 4, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, heating power supply control module 6, sensor terminals 7, the external output communication interface 8 of RS232, sensor transmissions line terminals 9, multiparameter transmitter main frame 10,24VDC power supply 11, power supply terminal 12, transducing signal module terminals 13, heating signal terminal 14, sensor assembly 15, sampling thief pipeline 16 etc., annexation such as above-mentioned each parts of Fig. 1 is as follows with position relationship and signal transmission relation: sampling thief pipeline 16 upper ends link to each other with sampling thief 1, well heater 2 and paper tape transmission module 3 are passed respectively in the lower end, final and sensor assembly 15 joins, and sensor assembly 15 directly accesses sensing signaling module terminal 13 on the multiparameter transmitter main frame 10; Heating power supply control module 6 one ends and well heater 2 join, the heating-up temperature of control heater 2, and the other end directly accesses heating signal terminal 14 on the multiparameter transmitter main frame 10; Temperature Humidity Sensor 5 is installed on the sampling thief pipeline 16, is used for measuring sample temperature degree and the sample air humidity degree of wherein carrying; Outdoor sensor 4 is positioned on top sampling thief 1 limit of equipment, is used for measuring the temperature and humidity of atmosphere; Sensor transmissions line terminals 9 one ends are connected with the external output communication interface 8 of Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, outdoor sensor 4 and RS232 respectively, and the other end links to each other with multiparameter transmitter main frame 10 upper sensor connection terminals 7; 24VDC power supply 11 directly links to each other with multiparameter transmitter main frame 10 power source terminals 12.Wherein, multiparameter transmitter main frame 10 as shown in Figure 2, comprises CPU processor, IIC sensor, D/A converter, reference voltage and power supply, and wherein, the IIC sensor mainly is responsible for temperature and humidity measurement, requires pressure-resistant seal, withstand voltage 0.1MPA.
The CPU processor is connected with the IIC sensor by the iic bus interface, and the humiture value of main pick-up transducers, and joining with D/A converter simultaneously is transferred to D/A converter with the humiture value of sensor and carries out analog to digital conversion; Above-mentioned parts all join with power supply, accept power supply.
During whole system work, from sampling thief 1 sample gas out via sampling thief pipeline 16 and by embedded accurate filter, enter sensor assembly 15, this accurate filter is mainly used in filtering the object greater than the PM2.5 particle, and sensor assembly 15 is mainly used in atmospheric pressure P1 under Test Cycle flow Q and the interior sample gas operating mode of pipe; Well heater 2, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5 are installed on the pipeline 16, and described Temperature Humidity Sensor 5 is used for measuring sample temperature degree and the sample air humidity degree of this period.The outlet of sensor assembly 15 is connected with variable valve, and the outlet of variable valve is connected with external pump.The program that cooperates with these parts by instrument internal and measure these signals after, after the computing of CPU MICROCOMPUTER PROCESSING, can obtain current operating mode flow and mark condition flow.Judge and instruction by program, variable valve is automatically adjusted, make the operating mode stability of flow of instrument on the working point of flowrate optimization value.Directly gather air when treating test sample gas at the PM2.5 sampling thief, if air humidity is higher and environment temperature when low, then have possibility for the treatment of that test sample air cooling is solidifying, finally affect the accuracy of PM2.5 measurement; And when humidity in the atmosphere increased, chemistry and change in physical can occur because of hydroscopicity in fine particle PM2.5, and then affected its mass concentration size.If the humidity in the sample does not have suitable control, the measured value of the method is just inaccurate so.Therefore the humidity of suitably controlling in the sample gas also is an important Quality Control measure that guarantees the PM2.5 measurement accuracy.
The present invention has taked following measure, has solved the problem of above-mentioned existence:
By outdoor sensor 4 shown in Figure 1, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, real-time synchronization is measured the humiture T2/RH2 of extraneous air ambient temperature and humidity T1/RH1 and inner sampling analysis chamber; By the synchro measure of outdoor sensor 4, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, revise test data, measurement data is consistent with actual.Form the dynamic heat system by outdoor sensor 4, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, well heater 2 and heating power supply control module 6 thereof and Temperature and Humidity Control software.Well heater 2 is positioned on the filter membrane gas circuit before, can carry out dynamic heat to analyzed gas (sample gas); When air humidity is higher (>35%), well heater 2 can to 16 heating of sampling thief pipeline, to reduce the relative humidity of the air-flow that arrives filter paper, prevent moisture condensation on filter paper.When well heater heating-up temperature too high (usually above 40 ℃-50 ℃), when surpassing certain limit (general 10 ℃-20 ℃) with the difference DELTA T of environment temperature, can cause the loss of half volatile component among the PM2.5 that deposits on the paper tape, but with humidity the impact of measuring is compared, this loss can be ignored.Generally can set as required the temperature difference limit value Δ T of gas circuit temperature and environment temperature.When sample gas dew point is lower than the environment dew point, solidifying for preventing sample air cooling, automatically start intelligent heater.The present invention adopts the dynamic heat technology, and heating arrangement is controlled, and reduces on the one hand sample air humidity degree, prevents that again superheated from causing the decomposition of volatile contaminant in the sample gas simultaneously.It is inner simultaneously Temperature Humidity Sensor 5 to be inserted PM2.5 sampling thief 1 feeler lever, and Temperature Humidity Sensor 5 probes maintain an equal level with the feeler lever surface, and fundamental purpose is the impact of avoiding the sampling of sample gas, prevents from forming local turbulence; Guaranteed that also sample gas fully contacts with Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, real-time dynamic monitoring sample temperature and moisture is in time controlled the humidity of sample gas, prevents that control hysteresis from causing that sample air cooling is solidifying.In the situation of constant flow, relative humidity, the temperature normalized of measuring drawn absolute humidity, be scaled in real time mark attitude butt flow and volume, can keep long-time stability and the measuring accuracy measured.
Atmosphere multi parameter intallingent transmitter job step of the present invention is as follows:
Step 1: by outdoor sensor 4, measuring chamber external environment temperature T
1, humidity RH
1, atmospheric pressure P, participate in mark condition volume and calculate;
Step 2: by Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, measure the temperature T of PM2.5 sampling thief inside
2, humidity RH
2, be scaled simultaneously dew point T
d
Step 3: work as T
2-T
dIn the time of<15 ℃, solidifying in order to prevent sample air cooling, by heating power supply control module 6, automatically start the device based on the hot condensation-proof technology of companion;
Step 4: for the accuracy that guarantees that PM2.5 measures, sample air humidity degree is suitably controlled, sample air humidity degree is controlled at 35% ± 5%; The present invention is by heating power supply control module 6, uses relay/triode control heating-up temperature T
3
Step 5: by sensor assembly 15, come atmospheric pressure P under the interior sample gas operating mode of Test Cycle flow Q and pipe
1, be converted to mark condition flow Qn.
The accuracy of flow measurement affects the accuracy of final PM2.5 concentration value.According to regulation among " ambient air quality " (GB3095-2012), the PM2.5 concentration value is the concentration under the index condition, and the working point flow of sampling thief 1 refers to the flow under the working condition.The present invention is by sensor assembly 15, comes atmospheric pressure P under the interior sample gas operating mode of Test Cycle flow Q and pipe
1Therefore need to carry out the conversion of operating mode flow and mark condition flow, can be calculated as follows:
In the formula, Qn----------is the flow of mark condition;
Q----------is the flow of operating mode;
Pn-------is atmospheric pressure under the mark condition, 101.325kPa;
Tn-------is temperature under the mark condition, 273k;
P
1--------is atmospheric pressure under the operating mode;
T
1It is temperature under the operating mode.
Step 6, by the external output communication interface 8 of RS232, export each parameter: T
1, T
2, RH
1, RH
2, P, absolute humidity;
Wherein, input supply voltage is 5V, is output as Voltage-output, and output signal is as follows:
The dew point signal (40-80): 0-5V;
Relative humidity (0-100%RH): 0-5V.
Above-described embodiment guarantees that by embedding Temperature Humidity Sensor 5 system has good precision and Measurement sensibility, and reliability is high; And solved the ultimate challenge of PM2.5 monitoring: the seizure problem of water problem and volatile particles thing provides foundation for PM2.5 is converted to mark attitude butt; By increasing system's dynamic compensation function: i.e. when air humidity is higher (>35%), Intelligent heater can to 16 heating of sampling thief pipeline, to reduce the relative humidity of the air-flow that arrives filter paper, prevent moisture condensation on filter paper; Solve the impact on measuring of environmental baseline temperature, humidity and pressure and other parameters, and avoid the impact on volatile matter; And intelligent diagnostics sample temperature degree, dew point, when sample temperature degree and dew point are lower than a certain value, automatically start the hot condensation-proof technology of companion, prevent that sample air cooling is solidifying.By can embedded wireless status sensing module at the PM2.5 monitoring equipment, realize real-time remote monitoring, improve PM2.5 data security reliability and validity.The modules such as status monitoring of air sampling pretreatment system and temperature, humidity and pressure and other parameters is can organic combination good at a heat insulating ability, have in the etui of electronic shield function, reduce the sampling of sample gas and the impact of pre-service for data monitoring validity, realize microminiaturized, integrated structure innovation.
Claims (3)
1. a PM2.5 particle monitoring instrument is with atmosphere multi parameter intallingent transmitter, comprise sampling thief (1), well heater (2), paper tape transmission module (3), outdoor sensor (4), Temperature Humidity Sensor (5), heating power supply control module (6), the external output communication interface of RS232 (8), sensor transmissions line terminals (9), multiparameter transmitter main frame (10), 24VDC power supply (11), sensor assembly (15), sampling thief pipeline (16), described sampling thief pipeline (16) upper end links to each other with sampling thief (1), sampling thief pipeline (16) passes well heater (2) and paper tape transmission module (3) successively, sampling thief pipeline (16) lower end and sensor assembly (15) join, and sensor assembly (15) directly accesses the upper sensing signaling module terminal (13) of multiparameter transmitter main frame (10); Heating power supply control module (6) one ends and well heater (2) join, and the other end directly accesses the upper heating signal terminal (14) of multiparameter transmitter main frame (10); Temperature Humidity Sensor (5) is installed on the sampling thief pipeline (16); Outdoor sensor (4) is positioned on top sampling thief (1) limit of transmitter; Sensor transmissions line terminals (9) one ends are connected with Temperature Humidity Sensor (5), outdoor sensor (4) and the external output communication interface of RS232 (8) respectively, and the other end links to each other with multiparameter transmitter main frame (10) upper sensor connection terminal (7); 24VDC power supply (11) directly links to each other with multiparameter transmitter main frame (10) power source terminal (12).
According to claim 1 described PM2.5 particle monitoring instrument with atmosphere multi parameter intallingent transmitter, it is characterized in that, described multiparameter transmitter main frame (10), also comprise the CPU processor, the IIC sensor, D/A converter, reference voltage and power supply, described, the CPU processor is connected with the IIC sensor of measuring humiture by the iic bus interface, the humiture value of pick-up transducers, and join with D/A converter simultaneously, the humiture value of sensor is transferred to D/A converter carries out analog to digital conversion, the CPU processor, the IIC sensor, D/A converter, reference voltage all with the power supply acceptance power supply of joining.
3. a PM2.5 particle monitoring instrument is with atmosphere multi parameter intallingent transmitter using method, and step is as follows:
Step 1: by outdoor sensor (4), measuring chamber external environment temperature T
1, humidity RH
1, atmospheric pressure P, participate in mark condition volume and calculate;
Step 2: by Temperature Humidity Sensor (5), measure the temperature T of PM2.5 sampling thief inside
2, humidity RH
2, be scaled simultaneously dew point T
d
Step 3: work as T
2-T
dIn the time of<15 ℃, prevent that by heating power supply control module (6) sample air cooling is solidifying;
Step 4: the accuracy in order to guarantee that PM2.5 measures, sample air humidity degree is controlled at 35% ± 5%, by heating power supply control module (6), control heating-up temperature T
3
Step 5: by sensor assembly (15), come atmospheric pressure P under the interior sample gas operating mode of Test Cycle flow Q and pipe
1, be converted to mark condition flow Qn;
Step 6: by the external output communication interface of RS232 (8), output parameter T
1, T
2, RH
1, RH
2, P, absolute humidity.
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