CN103023431A - Method for enlarging tuning range and improving phase noise performance of voltage-controlled oscillator - Google Patents
Method for enlarging tuning range and improving phase noise performance of voltage-controlled oscillator Download PDFInfo
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- CN103023431A CN103023431A CN2012103416734A CN201210341673A CN103023431A CN 103023431 A CN103023431 A CN 103023431A CN 2012103416734 A CN2012103416734 A CN 2012103416734A CN 201210341673 A CN201210341673 A CN 201210341673A CN 103023431 A CN103023431 A CN 103023431A
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Abstract
A method for enlarging a tuning range and improving a phase noise performance of a voltage-controlled oscillator mainly relates to a current bias type capacitance and inductance voltage-controlled oscillator, and particularly relates to a current bias type capacitance and inductance voltage-controlled oscillator in a current limitation region. A digital tuning module and a switch bias current module are adopted in the method, wherein the digital tuning module is used for enlarging the tuning range of the voltage-controlled oscillator through connection and disconnection of a switched capacitor; and the switch bias current module is used for increasing the phase noise of a whole system by connecting corresponding bias current in each frequency band. In the current limitation region, the output amplitude of the voltage-controlled oscillator decreases along with the reduction of frequency, so that the phase noise of the voltage-controlled oscillator is reduced; and simultaneously when the frequency range is enlarged, the phase noise also changes greatly, and particularly when the frequency is low, the phase noise becomes bad. According to the method, a wide turning rang is obtained through the coordination and adjustment of the digital tuning module and the switch bias current module, and the good phase noise is obtained in the whole frequency range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to current offset type capacitor and inductor voltage controlled oscillator, especially be in the current offset type capacitor and inductor voltage controlled oscillator in current limited zone.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the prosperity of Communications Market, wireless communication technology and related application have obtained fast development.Personal wireless communications system, WLAN (wireless local area network), satellite navigation system (GPRS, dipper system), satellite television, radio-frequency (RF) tag (RFID), rapid growth has appearred in vehicle positioning system.Simultaneously, wireless communication technology also is widely applied in the sophisticated technologies such as electronic countermeasures, space technology.In these were used, radio-frequency front-end was the key point of these systematic function quality, therefore was the emphasis of research always.
In wireless communication system, radio-frequency front-end is the interface between antenna and the transceiver rear end baseband processor.It not only needs to detect faint reception signal (μ V magnitude), and need to be with band transmit high-power RF signal.This just needs high performance radio-frequency front-end.The voltage controlled oscillator oscillator that to be a kind of output frequency change with input voltage is basic module and the key modules of radio-frequency front-end.Voltage controlled oscillator is mainly used in the phase-locked loop, as the reference frequency, for transceiver provides local frequency.As the key modules of radio-frequency front-end, its performance aspect phase noise directly affects whole system transmitting-receiving quality, and the size of tuning range determines directly whether it is practical.
Present voltage controlled oscillator mainly contains two kinds: ring oscillator and LC oscillation device.And in actual applications, generally adopt the capacitor and inductor voltage controlled oscillator, because the capacitor and inductor voltage controlled oscillator has preferably noiseproof feature.The capacitor and inductor voltage controlled oscillator generally adopts the capacitive reactance pipe as the frequency tuning element, and the tuning range maximum only can reach about 20%, and in some applications, such frequency tuning range can not satisfy actual needs.In order further to improve tuning range, usually adopt the digital tuning technology, this technology can greatly improve the tuning range of voltage controlled oscillator.And in the current limited zone, the output amplitude of voltage controlled oscillator can reduce and reduce along with frequency, thereby causes the reduction of the phase noise of voltage controlled oscillator, the increase of frequency range, larger variation also can occur in its phase noise, and when especially frequency was low, its phase noise became relatively poor.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides and a kind ofly can overcome current offset type capacitor and inductor voltage controlled oscillator phase noise when obtaining wider tuning range and change greatly, and when low frequency the relatively poor method of phase noise, make voltage controlled oscillator when obtaining wide tunable range, in whole channel scope, its phase noise keeps substantially constant or improves, and also can obtain preferably phase noise at low frequency.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: for the tuning range that improves voltage controlled oscillator, adopt the digital tuning technology, improve significantly the tuning range of voltage controlled oscillator by the connecting and disconnecting of switching capacity.Its principle is: when digital signal when low, the electric capacity of series connection is increased in the resonant tank, and digital signal is when being high, the electric capacity of series connection is on not impact of resonant tank, therefore the switching capacity group of Digital Signals can realize discrete frequency change, realize the coarse adjustment of frequency, and the meticulous variation of frequency can be finished by continually varying capacitive reactance pipe by capacitance, adopted the digital tuning technology can realize very wide frequency tuning range.In order to guarantee the continuity of the frequency in the whole frequency range, the discrete frequencies that digital controlled signal causes changes must be less than the frequency tuning range of capacitive reactance pipe.The figure place of digital tuning, namely the group number of switching capacity is determined jointly by the frequency range of actual needs and the tuning range of capacitive reactance pipe.
In the current limited zone, the output amplitude of voltage controlled oscillator can reduce and reduce along with frequency, thereby causes the reduction of phase noise of voltage controlled oscillator.Large tuning range can make the phase noise of low frequency low more far short of what is expected than the phase noise of high frequency.Because the reduction of phase noise mainly is because the output voltage amplitude reduction of voltage controlled oscillator causes, so must correspondingly improve the output voltage amplitude of voltage controlled oscillator when low frequency.In the current limited zone, the output amplitude of voltage controlled oscillator is:
V
osc＝I
biasωLQ (1)
I
BiasBe the bias current of voltage controlled oscillator, ω is the voltage controlled oscillator angular frequency, and L is inductance, and Q is voltage controlled oscillator resonant tank quality factor.From formula (1), can find out, in order to keep the constant or increase of output amplitude at low frequency, must correspondingly increase bias current (inductance and quality factor are constant).The present invention adopts switch bias current module to realize the improvement of whole channel phase noise, and the number of its switch bias current is identical with the group number of switching capacity group, and identical digital control port is arranged, and its principle is as follows:
1. when switching capacity is closed, because the total electric capacity of voltage controlled oscillator increases, its frequency reduces, and reduces when causing output voltage amplitude with respect to high frequency, and open corresponding bias current this moment, the voltage controlled oscillator output amplitude is remained unchanged or becomes large.
2. when switching capacity was connected, because the total electric capacity of voltage controlled oscillator reduces, its frequency increased, and corresponding output voltage amplitude increases, and closed corresponding bias current this moment, saved power consumption.
3. the size of switch bias current is set according to its value of electric capacity of same digital control port, and large electric capacity is corresponding to large bias current.
Voltage controlled oscillator can reach preferably phase noise in whole frequency range like this, and because corresponding switch bias current is only opened in corresponding frequency range, consequent average power consumption is lower.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, current offset type voltage controlled oscillator can obtain wider tuning range, can in whole frequency range, obtain preferably phase noise again, by the size of bias current suitably is set, when low frequency, can obtain than the better phase noise of high frequency, and the average power consumption that increases thus is lower.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is illustrated.
Fig. 1 afterbody current offset type voltage controlled oscillator schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 switching capacity group.
Fig. 3 switch bias current.
Embodiment
In Fig. 1, be the structure chart of afterbody current offset type oscillator, Fig. 1 mainly illustrates the annexation of switching capacity group and switch bias current.Switching capacity group (switched capacitor bank) is connected between two the output port Vout+ and Vout-of oscillator, and the switch bias current is connected between the net0 and GND of oscillator.
Fig. 2 is the switching capacity group, is comprised of three groups of switching capacities, and each organizes switching capacity by two same capacitance, two same resistance, and a NMOS pipe, an inverter consists of.Wherein NMOS manages, and two resistance, and inverter formation switch are by the switching of Digital Signals switch.In order to reduce the figure place of digital controlled signal, adopt the capacitor array of binary weighting, it is 2 that the value of three groups of electric capacity is closed
nDoubly concern (C01=2
1C11=2
2C22), corresponding nmos pass transistor size (length-width ratio, length is identical) also is 2
nDoubly concern.
Fig. 3 is switch biased electrical flow graph, is comprised of three groups of bias currents, and each is organized by an inverter, and two NMOS pipes form.One of them transistor uses as switch, and by its Push And Release of Digital Signals, another uses as bias current sources, and its grid links with the input reference current.Inverter mainly is the driving force that increases digital controlled signal.Size as the NMOS pipe of switch should be tried one's best greatly, makes the drain-source voltage on it lower, reduces the impact on the bias transistor bias current.Become in proportion relation as the size of the NMOS pipe of bias current sources with capacitance size with control port.
In embodiment illustrated in fig. 2, for example, when control port S2 when low, the nmos switch transistor is opened, C21 and C22 access resonant tank, pressuring controlling oscillator frequency reduces, and causes output voltage amplitude to reduce, thereby causes the phase noise increase.But because S2 controls bias current simultaneously, at this moment, in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, Ms2 opens, bias current increases, and has compensated voltage controlled oscillator because frequency reduces the output voltage amplitude reduction that causes, bias transistor M2 size suitably is set, the output voltage amplitude of voltage controlled oscillator is remained unchanged or improve, its phase noise performance is improved.Like this, by increasing the output voltage amplitude that corresponding bias current comes compensated voltage controlled oscillator at each frequency sub-band, when making voltage controlled oscillator obtain wider tuning range, obtain simultaneously preferably phase noise, and the average power consumption that increases thus is lower.
Claims (8)
1. method that improves voltage controlled oscillator tuning range and phase noise performance, comprise digital tuning module and switch bias current module, it is characterized in that digital tuning module and switch bias current module must cooperate adjusting simultaneously, adopt the bias current that opens and closes correspondence to come the tuning voltage controlled oscillator output amplitude that causes of compensating digits to change.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the digital tuning module is comprised of at least one group of switching capacity, each group switching capacity is by two same capacitance, two same resistance, a NMOS pipe, an inverter consists of, wherein the NMOS pipe, two resistance and inverter consist of switch, by the state of Digital Signals switch.
3. digital tuning module according to claim 2, its actual sets number is determined by the tuning range of tuning total size and capacitive reactance pipe.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that switch bias current technology is comprised of at least one group of bias current, each group is comprised of an inverter and two NMOS pipes, one of them transistor uses as switch, by its Push And Release of Digital Signals, another uses as bias current sources, and its grid is connected with the input reference current.
5. described switch bias current module according to claim 4, the group number of the number of its actual bias current and switching capacity is identical.
6. digital tuning module according to claim 2 is characterized in that electric capacity adopts the capacitor array of binary weighting, and the value of adjacent capacitor is the twice relation, and corresponding nmos pass transistor length-width ratio (length is identical) also is the twice relation.
7. switch bias current module according to claim 4 is characterized in that its digital control port is identical with digital tuning module digital control port, and the bias transistor length-width ratio becomes in proportion relation with the electric capacity of identical control port.
According to claim 2 with 4 described digital signals, it must be identical digital signal.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105978561A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-09-28 | 武汉芯泰科技有限公司 | Broadband voltage controlled oscillator |
| CN106208965A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-12-07 | 合肥格易集成电路有限公司 | A kind of crystal oscillator |
| CN106911305A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-30 | 重庆湃芯微电子有限公司 | Low phase noise LC voltage controlled oscillator |
| CN107634779A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-26 | 建荣半导体（深圳）有限公司 | Reference frequency output expanding method, integrated circuit, communication transceiver and storage medium |
| CN108183717A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-06-19 | 广州市广晟微电子有限公司 | A kind of receiver and control method of dynamic control power consumption |
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| US20110248787A1 (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2011-10-13 | Xilinx, Inc. | Varactor circuit and voltage-controlled oscillation |
| CN102545783A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2012-07-04 | 杭州中科微电子有限公司 | LC voltage-controlled oscillator (LC-VCO) with wide frequency tuning range |
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| US20110248787A1 (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2011-10-13 | Xilinx, Inc. | Varactor circuit and voltage-controlled oscillation |
| CN102545783A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2012-07-04 | 杭州中科微电子有限公司 | LC voltage-controlled oscillator (LC-VCO) with wide frequency tuning range |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105978561A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-09-28 | 武汉芯泰科技有限公司 | Broadband voltage controlled oscillator |
| CN106208965A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-12-07 | 合肥格易集成电路有限公司 | A kind of crystal oscillator |
| CN106208965B (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2019-04-16 | 合肥格易集成电路有限公司 | A kind of crystal oscillator |
| CN106911305A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-30 | 重庆湃芯微电子有限公司 | Low phase noise LC voltage controlled oscillator |
| CN107634779A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-26 | 建荣半导体（深圳）有限公司 | Reference frequency output expanding method, integrated circuit, communication transceiver and storage medium |
| CN108183717A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-06-19 | 广州市广晟微电子有限公司 | A kind of receiver and control method of dynamic control power consumption |
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