CN103021727A - Joining structures, electrical contacts and manufacturing means thereof - Google Patents
Joining structures, electrical contacts and manufacturing means thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103021727A CN103021727A CN2012102761169A CN201210276116A CN103021727A CN 103021727 A CN103021727 A CN 103021727A CN 2012102761169 A CN2012102761169 A CN 2012102761169A CN 201210276116 A CN201210276116 A CN 201210276116A CN 103021727 A CN103021727 A CN 103021727A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/06—Contacts characterised by the shape or structure of the contact-making surface, e.g. grooved
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/0203—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches
- H01H1/0206—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches containing as major components Cu and Cr
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides joining structures, electrical contacts and manufacturing means thereof. Members can be joined with each other at low cost without using the brazing-filler. A joining structure includes a plurality of members and an adhered and deposited layer formed by depositing powder containing metal over the plurality of members. The members are joined via coupling with alloying by thermal and mechanical activation between the plural members and the adhered and deposited layer. A substrate is made of a metal of high electrical conductivity. A member to be joined is formed in a cup shape and made of metal with high electrical conductivity. The adhered and deposited layer is a contact layer including fire-resistant metal or compound and the metal with the high electrical conductivity. One surface of the substrate and a cup-shaped opened end of the member to be joined are joined with the alloying by thermal and mechanical activation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the employed electric power shutter such as vacuum circuit-breaker, vacuum switching device, gas-insulated switchgear device connected structure, electric contact and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
The electric power opening and closing device of turn-off current possesses the in-built electrical contact in a vacuum, as by the vacuum valve of the container of vacuum sealing.Electric contact utilizes the manufacture method manufacturings such as sintering process or solution impregnating method, carries out as required machining.This electric contact with energized components soldering (once engaging) after, under the state in being assembled in the container that consists of vacuum valve, after in a vacuum container being carried out soldering sealing (secondary joint), electric contact is built in the vacuum valve.Like this, general in the manufacture method of electric contact, the soldering operation need to energized components engage and vacuum sealing engages operation more than at least two stages, in the larger expense of manufacturing cost of the vacuum valve that comprises electric contact.
In addition, if do not possess the soldering of electric contact and energized components, then since at work electric contact come off, the arc light heating when electric current disconnects or the Joule heating in the energising, brazing material is waved loose, electrical property descends, product reliability descends.Therefore, even in soldering, also require in a soldering, to have higher reliability, making an effort in shape of the sound brazing state such as the position that is used for obtaining being arranged near the brazing material amount that is used for the junction surface keeping suitable, shape.
The prior art document
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2007-157666 communique
Above-mentioned patent documentation 1 is realized the raising of soldering viability by suitableization of shape that makes soldering section.But, as long as use brazing material, just might be owing to the loose joint reliability decline that causes is waved in its heating.In addition, owing to utilize the manufacture method of the electric contact of sintering process or solution impregnating method to need larger thermal energy, so the contact method self becomes the main cause that cost increases.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to low-cost and do not use brazing material ground attachment each other.
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, connected structure of the present invention is characterised in that, possess a plurality of parts, the powder that contains metal adhered to be deposited in the accumulation horizon that adheres on above-mentioned a plurality of parts, by above-mentioned a plurality of parts and above-mentioned utilization heat of adhering to accumulation horizon, the combination of mechanicalness alloying, engage above-mentioned a plurality of parts.
Effect of the present invention is as follows.
According to the present invention, can be at lower cost and do not use welding material ground attachment each other.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cutaway view of connected structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of other connected structures of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of other connected structures of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view of other connected structures of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the cutaway view of other connected structures of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the cutaway view of the structure of electric contact of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the cutaway view of the structure of the stereogram of contact layer of the present invention and other electric contacts.
Fig. 8 is the cutaway view of the structure of other electric contacts of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the vertical view for the base material of electric contact of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the cutaway view of structure of the electric contact of the contact layer with a plurality of compositions of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the cutaway view of other connected structures of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the cutaway view of structure of the vacuum valve of expression the second embodiment.
Figure 13 is the cutaway view of structure of the vacuum circuit-breaker of expression the 3rd embodiment.
Figure 14 is the cutaway view of structure of the load-break switch of expression the 3rd embodiment.
Among the figure: 1,1a, 1b-be engaged parts, 2,2a, 2b-base material, 3-accumulation horizon adhered to, 4,45-through hole, 5-protuberance, 6,6a, 6b-contact layer, 7-support component, 8-brazing material, 9-step, 10-shielding part, 11-drawer at movable side shielding part, 12a-fixation side end plate, 12b-drawer at movable side end plate, 13-bellows, 14-guide, 15-drawer at movable side support, 16-ceramic insulation cylinder, 17-epoxy cylinder, 18-insulating bar, 19-upper terminal, 20-set electron, 21-lower terminal, 22-contact spring, 23-support bar, 24-pillar, 25-plunger, 26-pinking bar, 27-roller, 28-mobile jib, 29-trip coil, 30-trip rod, 31-back-moving spring, 32-input coil, 33-aiutage, 34-outside vacuum tank, 35-top sheet material, 36-lower sheet, 37-sidepiece sheet material, 38-top through hole, 39-upper base, 40-outside bellows, 41-bottom through hole, 42-insulating properties axle sleeve, 43-bottom matrix, 44-flexible conductor, 46a-fixed side electrode rod, 46b-drawer at movable side electrode bar, the 47-the second contact layer (contact layer), the 48-the three contact layer (contact layer), 49-energized components, 100,200,300,400,800,900,1000,1200-electric contact, 500-vacuum valve, 600-vacuum circuit-breaker, 700-load-break switch, 1100-be formed on the contact layer (contact layer) on the copper mesh.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 represent the cutaway view of connected structure of the present invention.In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the 1st, be engaged parts, the 2nd, base material, the 3rd, adhere to accumulation horizon, 4 are provided in a side of the through hole on the base material 2, and 5 are provided in a side of the protuberance that is engaged on the parts 1.
The through hole 4 of the chimeric base material 2 of the first structure shown in Figure 1 and the protuberance 5 that is engaged parts 1.The surface of the front end of protuberance 5 can be outstanding from the surface of base material 2, and (X＞Y), at grade (X=Y) also can be than the surface of base material 2 to recessed (X＜Y).Following structure also is identical.In addition, being engaged parts 1 can be like that chimeric at the axle center that is engaged parts 1 not as figure with base material 2.To be engaged part that parts 1 contact with base material 2 as fitting portion, form at this fitting portion and adhere to accumulation horizon 3.By the powder that contains metal being adhered to be deposited in base material 2 and protuberance 5(is engaged parts 1) two parts on, form and make this adhere to accumulation horizon 3 with base material 2 and be engaged parts 1 and contact, by utilizing the combination of heat, mechanicalness alloying, can engage base material 2 and be engaged parts 1.
In addition, the second structure shown in Figure 2 makes the through hole 4 of base material 2 overlap with the par that is engaged parts 1 being engaged parts 1 mounting base material 2, makes the powder that contains metal adhere to accumulation in the mode of filling through hole 4.Thus, adhere to accumulation horizon 3 with base material 2 and be engaged the heat of parts 1, the combination of mechanicalness alloying by utilization, can engage base material 2 and be engaged parts 1.Being engaged parts 1 can be uneven with the contact-making surface of base material 2, and through hole 4 can be so that further the mode to downward-extension is recessed.By these structures, the ground such as brazing material that the fusing point that usage comparison is not low and thermal endurance are low engage base material 2 and are engaged parts 1.Behind the joint, that utilizes machining etc. to remove to become on the surface of base material 2 jut adheres to accumulation horizon 3, even make the flattening surface of base material 2 also can keep engagement state.
In addition, thick by the protuberance surface roughness that makes protuberance 5 as shown in Figure 3, arrange small concavo-convexly, can increase protuberance 5 and adhere to mechanical bond (so-called anchoring effect) or contact area between the accumulation horizon 3, thereby can access more solid combination.
In addition, as shown in Figure 4, can with adhere to the surface that is engaged parts 1 that accumulation horizon 3 contacts and Fig. 3 in the same manner coarse or arrange small concavo-convex, such as Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5, if the through hole 4 at base material 2 arranges cone or R section, adhere to accumulation horizon 3 and become more solid with the combination that is engaged parts 1.
Fig. 6 and Fig. 8 represent to utilize the cutaway view of structure of the electric contact of the present invention of above-mentioned connected structure.In Fig. 6 and Fig. 8, the 1st, the cup-shaped that is consisted of by the high conductance metal or the bar-shaped parts that are engaged, the 2nd, the base material that is consisted of by the high conductance metal, the 6th, comprise the metal of fire resistance or compound and high conductance metal and by the contact layer of adhering to accumulation horizon 3 and consisting of, the 7th, be engaged the support component in the space of 2 of parts 1 and base materials for enhancing, the 8th, be positioned in support component 7 and be engaged parts 1 and base material 2 between brazing material, 9 are provided in a side of the step that is used for the location that is engaged parts 1 and the coincidence part of base material 2.
In each, (a) being the electric contact 100 and 300 that utilizes the first structural engagement shown in Figure 1 in the above-mentioned connected structure at Fig. 6 and Fig. 8, (b) is the electric contact 200 and 400 that utilizes the second structural engagement shown in Figure 2.Adhere to all double contact layer 6 of doing of accumulation horizon 3 by occasion arbitrarily, be engaged the engaging of parts 1 and base material 2, and contact layer 3 can utilize above-mentioned connected structure in an operation, to form simultaneously to the formation on the base material 2, can carry out electric contact cheaply manufacturing, do not use the joint at the contact periphery position of brazing material.
In addition, the brazing material 8 up and down that is positioned in support component 7 after the sealing brazing process of vacuum valve in melting, the soldering that is used for support component 7 is fixed, owing to being configured in the back side central authorities of contact layer 6, therefore it is little that the material of following the temperature in the work to rise is waved loose impact, as long as support component 7 does not fixedly have a fault, then can omit.In addition, be located at 9 on step on the base material 2 otherwise on bringing impact with the positioning accuracy that is engaged parts 1, then can omit.In addition, in the electric contact 100 and 200 of the structure with Fig. 6, the shape of the through hole 4 of the base material 2 that uses is except arranging equably in a circumferential direction a plurality of through holes 4 with the circle shown in the vertical view of Fig. 9 (a), can be for along the slotted hole along circumference such shown in the vertical view of Fig. 9 (b).Thus, the junction surface size increases, and is favourable to the raising of bond strength and powered.
In addition, in the electric contact 300 and 400 of the structure with Fig. 8, base material 2 be engaged the part that parts 1 contact (through hole 4 and protuberance 5 or be engaged the coincidence part of parts 1 and base material 2) threaded portion be set, be threaded connection base material 2 and be engaged parts 1, can prevent the inclination of the base material 2 in the forming process of contact layer 6 described later or come off.In addition, the electric contact 100 and 200 that becomes the structure of Fig. 6 also can become structure shown in Figure 7.That is, the net that will be made of the high conductance metal forms contact layer 6 thereon as base material 2.At this moment, load net at the base that release agent is coated in the hard on the tabular surface, powder is adhered to from it pile up and formation contact layer 6.The external diameter of this contact layer 6 is less than the internal diameter that is engaged parts 1 of cup-shaped.With netted base material 2 and contact layer 6 integrated contact layer 1100 be positioned in and configured on the support component 7 that is engaged parts 1 and brazing material 8, make powder with respect to netted base material 2 be engaged the peripheral part that parts 1 overlap and adhere to accumulation and be connected (1200).In this structure, because base material 2 is little netted for what pile up, therefore can make electric contact 1200 lightweights, be conducive to reduce and use material.
The high conductance metal that the formation of electric contact of the present invention is engaged the part of parts 1 and base material 2 or contact layer 6 is Cu or Ag or the alloy take them as main component.Thus, suppress to follow the temperature of the electric contact of energising to rise, prevent each other deposited of the contact layer 6 that contacts with each other, and can guarantee good energising performance.In addition, make the metal of fire resistance of a part that consists of contact layer 6 or compound be at least a among Cr, Co, W, the WC more than.Thus, can find voltage-resistent characteristic (are-tight property) as electric contact necessity or electric current turn-off characteristic etc.In addition, accumulation horizon 3 particle diameters that adhere to that become contact layer 6 are below the 75 μ m, are made of the metal of above-mentioned fire resistance or the powder (hereinafter referred to as raw meal) of compound and high conductance metal.Thus, obtain the fine and close accumulation horizon 3 that adheres to, and can effectively pile up the filling raw meal with respect to the inside (Fig. 2) of (Fig. 1) around the fitting portion or through hole 4, obtain good engagement state.If the particle diameter of raw meal surpasses general 75 μ m, then the weight of powder particle increases, owing to making raw meal adhere to accumulation, therefore can't obtain required conflict speed, in addition, owing to easily between the particle of piling up, forming the gap, therefore can't obtain the fine and close accumulation horizon 3 that adheres to.
Figure 10 will form different a plurality of contact layer and be configured to the cutaway view of structure occasion, electric contact of the present invention of ring-type diametrically.In Figure 10, the 47th, form the second different contact layer from contact layer 6, the 48th, three contact layer different from contact layer 6 and 47 any composition.Figure 10 (a) is the electric contact 800 that two kinds of contact layer 6 and 47 central shafts are set to ring-type symmetrically, Figure 10 (b) is the electric contact 900 that three kinds of contact layer 6,47 and 48 central shafts are set to concentric circles symmetrically, and Figure 10 (c) is that two kinds of contact layer 6 and 47 central shafts are arranged alternately the electric contact 1000 into ring-type symmetrically.The electrical property of electric contact changes according to the composition of contact.Therefore, form different a plurality of contact layer by having, can realize having a plurality of functions, such as the electric contact that disconnects performance, withstand voltage properties, low surge etc.In addition, the electric contact that has a contact layer of this multiple composition can be applied to the structure of Fig. 6 (a) and (b), Fig. 7 (b), Fig. 8 (b) equally.In addition, with regard to forming different a plurality of contact layer, can realize too from the outside all radially electric contacts of alternate configurations of central shaft.
Above connected structure and electric contact by with respect to base material 2 with the fitting portion that is engaged parts 1 or overlap the position, utilize the methods such as thermal spraying or explosive compaction moulding to consist of the raw meal collision of adhering to accumulation horizon 3 to make at a high speed, plastic deformation of powders, utilization heat, mechanicalness alloying are adhered to accumulation and are obtained.The metal of fire resistance or compound generally compare hard, even therefore to make at a high speed this powder collision also be difficult to plastic deformation, can adhere to accumulation with respect to the position that becomes purpose hardly, if but contain the powder of more soft high conductance metal, then pile up while the powder of the metal that is involved in fire resistance or compound owing to it, therefore as mentioned above, can access the different contact layer of each composition 6,47,48.The joint of two parts of the heat of utilization by this powder, mechanicalness alloying also can be used in being connected of parts and energized components 49 that be engaged shown in Figure 11.That is, be engaged under the state that parts 1 load with energized components 49 driving fits making, make powder with high velocity impact along the edge of this contact site, adhere to accumulation horizon 3 and can connect both by formation, these also can be applied to the situation of Fig. 6 (b) or Fig. 7 (b).
In addition, can make at its thickness direction (the switching direction of electric contact) respectively and form interim or change continuously by adhering to contact layer 6,47,48 that accumulation horizon 3 forms.For example, forming contact layer 6,47, at 48 o'clock by thermal spraying, the composition of the powder by making supply is interim or change continuously the composition of contact layer for tilting at thickness direction.At this moment, by making base material 2 sides be conductive metal how the composition high with base material 2 adaptations, making contact layer 6,47,48 face side is metal or the many compositions of compound of fire resistance, can access with the adaptation of base material 2 excellently, has the contact layer 6,47,48 of sufficient voltage-resistent characteristic.
Vacuum valve of the present invention possesses a pair of fixation side contact and drawer at movable side contact in vacuum tank, have electric contact of the present invention by the contact at least one party, can realize that the electric current of excellence in a vacuum disconnects performance and withstand voltage properties.
Vacuum circuit-breaker of the present invention possess fixation side contact in above-mentioned vacuum valve and drawer at movable side contact each be connected to conductor terminal outside the vacuum valve, drive the switching mechanism of drawer at movable side contact, have electric contact of the present invention by this vacuum valve, can bring into play sufficient function as vacuum circuit-breaker.
Side in a pair of electric contact of electric power shutter of the present invention is made of electric contact of the present invention, by making a pair of electric contact contact or leaving, possesses the mechanism that makes current electrifying or disconnection.Thus, can vacuum, inert gas, atmosphere arbitrarily in the atmosphere the sufficient electric current of performance disconnect performance etc. as the performance of electric power shutter.
Below, utilize embodiment to explain be used to the preferred mode that carries out an invention, but the present invention is not defined in these embodiment.
(embodiment one)
In the structure shown in Fig. 8 and Figure 10 (a), made the electric contact 300,400 and 800 of contact layer 6 for the composition (assay value) shown in the table 1.Any base material 2 all is diameter 54mm, thickness 5mm, the internal diameter 12mm of through hole 4, base material 2 and to be engaged parts 1 be oxygen-free copper.In addition, product have also been made and have been used Cu-Mn-Ni class brazing material to the base material 2 that does not have through hole 4 and the electric contact that parts 1 carry out soldering that is engaged that does not have protuberance 5 as a comparison.
At first, the electric contact 300 of the present embodiment and 400 manufacture method are described.Composition in contact layer 6 is the occasion (No.1 of table 1, No.2 and No.6) of Cu-Cr, uses in raw meal in the mode of the composition that obtains the contact layer 6 shown in the table 1 to have cooperated particle size range as the Cu powder of 25～75 μ m and the mixed powder of Cr powder.In the occasion that consists of Ag-WC (No.3 of table 1 and No.4) of contact layer 6, use in raw meal in the mode of the composition that obtains the contact layer 6 shown in the table 1 to have cooperated particle size range as the Ag powder of 0.3～45 μ m and the mixed powder of WC powder.Making up base material 2 and be engaged under the state of parts 1, use Ar+H2 mist on the surface of base material 2, makes these mixed powder thermal sprayings these mixed powders collisions and adheres to accumulation.In the No.6 that the scope shown in the table 1 changes continuously, control respectively Cu powder and Cr powder feed system separately at the composition of contact layer 6, the composition of thickness direction that makes contact layer 6 is interim or change continuously from base material lateral surface side.At the surface sediment of base material 2 after the thick raw meal of about 3mm, utilize machining to be cut to the about 2mm of thickness, obtain the electric contact 300 and 400 that contact layer 6 and the aggregate thickness of base material 2 are approximately 5mm.
Then, the manufacture method (No.5 of table 1) of the electric contact 800 of the present embodiment described.In raw meal, use above-mentioned mixed powder.At first, making up base material 2 and be engaged under the state of parts 1, the barricade (cover) in the hole by having internal diameter 25mm, use Ar+H
2Mist on the central portion surface of base material 2, collides the thermal spraying of Ag-WC mixed powder and adhere to accumulation.In addition, be configured at the barricade (cover) with external diameter 25mm under the state of central authorities of base material 2, similarly thermal spraying Cu-Cr mixed powder and adhere to accumulation.Afterwards, implement machining same as described above, obtain having the contact layer 6 of Ag-WC, the electric contact 800 that has the contact layer 47 of Cu-Cr at outer circumferential side in interior all sides (approximately 25mm diameter).
Then, to comparing the connected structure that has Fig. 8 (a) in the product, the manufacture method of the No.9 that the particle size range of raw meal is different from the present embodiment and the electric contact of No.10 300 describes.Using particle size range in raw meal is the Cu powder of 45～105 μ m and 80～150 μ m and the mixed powder of Cr powder.After this mixed powder being utilized the method thermal spraying identical with above-mentioned the present embodiment to the surface of base material 2, utilize the machining cutting surface, the summation thickness that obtains contact layer 6 and base material 2 is the electric contact 300 of about 5mm.
Then, to relatively utilizing soldered joint base material 2 and the manufacture method that is engaged the electric contact (No.7 and No.8) of parts 1 to describe in the product.In raw meal, use Cu-Cr mixed powder and the Ag-WC mixed powder identical with No.1～No.5.After on the surface of the base material 2 that utilizes the method identical with above-mentioned product of the present invention that these mixed powder thermal sprayings are not had through hole 4, utilize the machining cutting surface, the thickness that makes contact layer 6 is about 2mm.At the back side of this base material 2 and be engaged mounting Cu-Mn-Ni class brazing material (thickness 0.1mm) between the tabular surface (diameter 12mm) of parts 1, use vacuum furnace about 3 * 10
-3Carry out 960 ℃ * 10 minutes heating in the vacuum of Pa, obtain soldering has the base material 2 of contact layer 6 and is engaged parts 1 on the surface electric contact.
As mentioned above, utilize connected structure and the manufacture method of the present embodiment, implement simultaneously the formation of contact layer 6 and the joint of miscellaneous part, affirmation can obtain the electric contact of the structure identical with existing method for brazing.In addition, use hot spray process in the formation of the contact layer 6 of the present embodiment, but so long as make the powder collision and adhere to the method for accumulation, even additive method (such as the explosive compaction shaping etc.), also can obtain same electric contact.
[table 1]
(embodiment two)
The electric contact 300 that use is made in embodiment one, 400 and 800 vacuum valves of making as the electric current release mechanism section of vacuum circuit-breaker.Figure 12 is the cutaway view of structure of the vacuum valve 500 of expression the present embodiment, and specified mode is voltage 24kV, electric current 1250A, turn-off current 25kA.In Figure 12, utilize contact layer 6a and 6b, base material 2a and 2b, be engaged parts 1a and 1b consists of respectively 300,400 or 800 fixation side electric contact and drawer at movable side electric contact.The 10th, the dispersing and be located at the shielding part of the inner surface of ceramic insulation cylinder 16 of metallic vapour in order to prevent from disconnecting etc., the 11st, prevent the drawer at movable side shielding part that metallic vapour etc. disperses to the drawer at movable side direction, the 15th, utilize the threaded portion to be used for the drawer at movable side support that is connected with external conductor, 12a, 12b are respectively fixation side end plate, drawer at movable side end plate, the 13rd, for making the bellows of drawer at movable side support about in the of 15 under the state that in making vacuum valve 500, remains vacuum, the 14th, for the guide of the slipper that supports 15 on drawer at movable side end plate 12b and drawer at movable side support.
The lower brazing material of above use fusing point engages in high vacuum, and enclose inside is high vacuum.This vacuum sealing method for welding is as follows.These parts of assembling under state shown in Figure 12, at this moment, in the silver brazing (Ag-Cu class brazing material) of the position mounting thickness 0.1mm that needs engage.In vacuum furnace and about 3 * 10
-3In the vacuum of Pa they are carried out 820 ℃ * 12 minutes heating, in vacuum valve 500, remain under the state of vacuum and seal.
The result of the resistance value of (being engaged 15 on parts 1a and drawer at movable side support) between the terminal of the vacuum valve 500 that obtains has been measured in table 1 expression.In addition, this resistance value is to utilize by being the self-closing power that vacuum produces in the vacuum valve 500, and closes at contact layer 6a and 6b and measure under the state of (contact), is the standard of the engagement state between formation electric contact 300, each parts of 400 or 800.Being in the electric contact made of soldering utilizing existing joint method, is that the occasion of Cu-Cr is 12.6 μ ' Ω (No.7) in contact layer 6, and the occasion of Ag-WC is 13.4 μ ' Ω (No.8).By comparison, vacuum valve 500(No.1～the No.4 of the electric contact 300 that each connected structure of the built-in Fig. 8 of utilization (a) and (b) is made, the present embodiment of 400 or 800, and No.6) all be No.7 and the little value of No.8 that Billy makes with soldering in the occasion of the composition of contact layer 6 arbitrarily, owing to do not have the brazing material layer, so resistance is little.Especially has the No.6 that tilts to form less by about 5% than occasion (No.7) resistance of soldering.Electric contact 800(No.5 with structure of Figure 10 (a)) resistance between expression No.7 and the No.8.On the other hand, to use particle diameter be vacuum valve 500(No.9 and the No.10 of comparison product of the extraneous raw meal of the present embodiment) in, to compare with the No.7 that utilizes existing method for brazing, it is large that resistance becomes, discovery has resistance and becomes large tendency along with the particle diameter of raw meal becomes large.Observe the contact layer 6 of No.9 and No.10 and the result of the section structure around the junction surface, find more pore, find that this pore along with the particle diameter of raw meal becomes large, has the tendency of increase.Therefore, if the particle diameter of raw meal is large, then the densification of contact layer 6 is not enough, and this becomes the main cause that resistance increases.Therefore, the expectation of the particle diameter of raw meal is the scope of the present embodiment.
As mentioned above, the electric contact of the present embodiment does not use brazing material and has sound engagement state, and affirmation can obtain the electrical property identical with existing method for brazing.
(embodiment three)
The vacuum valve 500 that to make in embodiment two is assembled on the vacuum circuit-breaker 600 of structure shown in Figure 13.Vacuum circuit-breaker 600 is sections of configuration operation mechanism in front, and the structure that the three-phase one of vacuum valve 500 is drawn together three groups of epoxy cylinders 17 of formula is supported in configuration overleaf.Vacuum valve 500 is opened and closed by operating mechanism by insulating bar 18.Be the occasion of closed circuit state at circuit breaker, electric current flow through electric contact 300,400 or 800, set electron 20, lower terminal 21.The contact spring 22 that interelectrode contact force utilization is installed on the insulating bar 18 keeps.Interelectrode contact force reaches the electromagnetic force that is produced by short circuit current and is kept by support bar 23 and pillar 24.If excite dropping into coil 32, then plunger 25 boosts roller 27 by pinking bar 26 from open-circuit condition, after making between mobile jib 28 rotations and closed electrode, utilizes support bar 23 to keep.Be under the free state of triping at circuit breaker, trip coil 29 is excited, trip rod 30 breaks away from the cooperation of pillars 24, mobile jib 28 rotations and opening between electrode.Be under the closed circuit state at circuit breaker, after opening between electrode, bar utilizes back-moving spring 31 to reset, and pillar 24 cooperates simultaneously.Under this state, if excite dropping into coil 32, then be closed circuit state.In addition, the 33rd, aiutage.
The built-in electric contact 300 of making in embodiment one, 400 and 800 vacuum valve 500 are assembled on the vacuum circuit-breaker 600.Under this state, be used for open test, the table 1 maximum turn-off current of expression and the result of damming.No.1～No4 and No.6 compare with No.7, No.8 with each contact layer 6 of Cu-Cr, Ag-WC of utilizing existing soldered joint in the present embodiment, and maximum turn-off current, damming all has identical value, confirm to have practical performance.In addition, have the contact layer 6 of a plurality of compositions and 47 No.5 and represent that maximum turn-off current and the value of damming are the median of No.7 and No.8, confirm to have the electrical characteristics such as the performance of disconnection and low surge.
Then, the vacuum valve 500 that will make in embodiment two is installed on the vacuum circuit-breaker 600 vacuum opening and closing device in addition.Figure 14 is the load-break switch 700 that the vacuum valve 500 of making in embodiment two has been installed.
This load-break switch accommodates many vacuum valves 500 to being equivalent to the main circuit opening/closing portion in by the outside vacuum tank 34 of vacuum sealing.Outside vacuum tank 34 possesses top sheet material 35, lower sheet 36 and sidepiece sheet material 37, and (edge) engages by mutual welding around each sheet material, and is arranged on the equipment body.
Be formed with top through hole 38 at top sheet material 35, the insulating properties upper base 39 of ring-type is fixed on the edge of each top through hole 38 in the mode that covers each top through hole 38.And, move back and forth in the circular space section of the central authorities that are formed on each upper base 39 and to be inserted with freely columned drawer at movable side electrode bar 46b.That is, each top through hole 38 is by upper base 39 and drawer at movable side electrode bar 46b sealing.
The axial end portion (upper side) of drawer at movable side electrode bar 46b is attached on the operator (Electromagnetically-operating device) of the outside that is arranged on outside vacuum tank 34.In addition, move back and forth (moving up and down) in the lower side of top sheet material 35 along the edge of each top through hole 38 and configure freely outside bellows 40, each the outside bellows 40 with an axial distolateral lower side that is fixed on top sheet material 35, the distolateral outer peripheral face that is installed in each drawer at movable side electrode bar 46b of axial another.That is, be enclosed construction in order to make outside vacuum tank 34b, the axial arrangement at the edge of each top through hole 38 along each drawer at movable side electrode bar 46b has outside bellows 40.In addition, in 35 links of top sheet material blast pipe (omitting diagram) is arranged, carry out vacuum exhaust by this blast pipe in the outside vacuum tank 34.
On the other hand, be formed with bottom through hole 41 at lower sheet 36, insulating properties axle sleeve 42 is fixed on the edge of each bottom through hole 41 in the mode that covers each bottom through hole 41.Be fixed with the insulating properties bottom matrix 43 of ring-type in the bottom of each insulating properties axle sleeve 42.And, be inserted with columned fixed side electrode rod 46a in the circular space section of the central authorities of each bottom matrix 43.That is, be formed on bottom through hole 41 on the lower sheet 36 respectively by insulating properties axle sleeve 42, bottom matrix 43, and fixed side electrode rod 46 sealings.And one axial distolateral (lower side) of fixed side electrode rod 46a is attached on the cable (distribution wire) of the outside that is configured in outside vacuum tank 34.
Accommodate the vacuum valve 500 of the main circuit opening/closing portion that is equivalent to load-break switch in the inside of outside vacuum tank 34, each drawer at movable side electrode bar 46b interlinks by the axle sleeve conductor (flexible conductor) 44 with two bends.This axle sleeve conductor 44 constitutes copper coin and the corrosion resistant plate that has the conductivity sheet material of two bends in axial alternately stacked conduct.Be formed with through hole 45 at axle sleeve conductor 44, insert each drawer at movable side electrode bar 46 and interlink at each through hole 45.
As mentioned above, the vacuum valve of the present invention of making in embodiment two can be applied to vacuum circuit-breaker or the transformer load-break switch is installed, and also can be applied to the various vacuum opening and closing devices such as switching device outside this.
Claims (13)
1. a connected structure is characterized in that,
The powder that possesses a plurality of parts and will contain metal adheres to and is deposited in the accumulation horizon that adheres to that forms on above-mentioned a plurality of parts, by above-mentioned a plurality of parts with above-mentionedly adhere to the combination that accumulation horizon utilizes heat, mechanicalness alloying, engages above-mentioned a plurality of parts.
2. connected structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned a plurality of parts possess the base material with through hole and have the parts that are engaged of the protuberance that is entrenched in the above-mentioned through hole.
3. connected structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned a plurality of parts possess the base material with through hole, the parts that are engaged that reach the above-mentioned base material of mounting,
Form the above-mentioned accumulation horizon that adheres in the mode of filling above-mentioned through hole.
4. an electric contact is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned base material is made of the high conductance metal, it is above-mentioned that to be engaged parts be cup-shaped and be made of the high conductance metal, the above-mentioned accumulation horizon that adheres to is the contact layer that contains metal or compound and the high conductance metal of fire resistance, and the one side of above-mentioned base material utilizes claim 2 or 3 described connected structures to engage with the above-mentioned open end that is engaged the cup-shaped of parts.
5. an electric contact is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned base material is made of the high conductance metal, it is above-mentioned that to be engaged parts be bar-shaped and be made of the high conductance metal, the above-mentioned accumulation horizon that adheres to is the contact layer that contains metal or compound and the high conductance metal of fire resistance, and the one side of above-mentioned base material utilizes claim 2 or 3 described connected structures to engage with a bar-shaped above-mentioned end that is engaged parts.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described electric contacts, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned high conductance metal is the alloy of Cu or Ag or Cu and Ag, and the metal of above-mentioned fire resistance or compound are more than at least a among Cr, Co, W, the WC.
7. each described electric contact is characterized in that according to claim 4～6,
The particle diameter of the powder of the metal of the above-mentioned fire resistance of above-mentioned contact layer or the powder of compound and above-mentioned high conductance metal is below the 75 μ m.
8. each described electric contact is characterized in that according to claim 4～7,
Above-mentioned contact layer forms concentric circles by different forming diametrically.
9. each described electric contact is characterized in that according to claim 4～8,
The composition of above-mentioned contact layer is stage or the variation of continuity ground on thickness direction.
10. the manufacture method of an electric contact, this electric contact is each described electric contact of claim 4～9, the manufacture method of this electric contact is characterised in that,
The powder that makes the metal that consists of above-mentioned above-mentioned fire resistance of adhering to accumulation horizon or compound and above-mentioned high conductance metal dust with at a high speed and chimeric above-mentioned base material and above-mentioned raised part or the above-mentioned through hole that is engaged parts collide, heat, the mechanicalness alloying of the plastic deformation by following above-mentioned powder are adhered to accumulation.
11. a vacuum valve, it possesses a pair of fixation side contact and drawer at movable side contact in vacuum tank, and this vacuum valve is characterised in that,
At least one party of above-mentioned fixation side contact and drawer at movable side contact has each described electric contact of claim 4～9.
12. a vacuum circuit-breaker is characterized in that,
Possess on each of the described vacuum valve of claim 11, the above-mentioned fixation side contact in above-mentioned vacuum valve and drawer at movable side contact with above-mentioned vacuum valve outside the conductor terminal that is connected and the switching mechanism that drives above-mentioned drawer at movable side contact.
13. an electric power shutter is characterized in that,
Side in a pair of electric contact is made of each described electric contact in the claim 4～9, this electric power shutter possesses following mechanism: by above-mentioned a pair of electric contact being contacted in any atmosphere of vacuum, inert gas, atmosphere or separating, be switched on or switched off electric current.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011-210080 | 2011-09-27 | ||
| JP2011210080A JP5409739B2 (en) | 2011-09-27 | 2011-09-27 | Junction structure, electrical contact, and manufacturing method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103021727A true CN103021727A (en) | 2013-04-03 |
| CN103021727B CN103021727B (en) | 2016-03-16 |
Family
ID=47080168
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210276116.9A Expired - Fee Related CN103021727B (en) | 2011-09-27 | 2012-08-03 | Connected structure, electric contact and manufacture method thereof |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2575149A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5409739B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101445447B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103021727B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015218480A1 (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-03-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Contact piece for a vacuum switch and electrical switch |
| KR20190070735A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-21 | 엘티메탈 주식회사 | Manufacturing method for electric contact material having brazing layer by thermal spray and electric contact material integrated with brazing layer prepared thereby |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3107688A1 (en) * | 1981-02-28 | 1982-09-16 | Calor-Emag Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft, 4030 Ratingen | Switching contact |
| EP0917171A2 (en) * | 1997-11-14 | 1999-05-19 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Vacuum circuit-breaker, vacuum bulb for use therein, and electrodes thereof |
| CN1776855A (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2006-05-24 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Electrode, electrical contact and method of manufacturing the same |
| JP2007157666A (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2007-06-21 | Hitachi Ltd | Vacuum container and switch using the same |
| CN101797669A (en) * | 2009-01-07 | 2010-08-11 | 通用电气公司 | System and method of joining metallic parts using cold spray technique |
Family Cites Families (13)
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| US4530815A (en) | 1982-06-29 | 1985-07-23 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of producing a contact device for a switch |
| DE3842919C2 (en) * | 1988-12-21 | 1995-04-27 | Calor Emag Elektrizitaets Ag | Switch for a vacuum switch |
| JP2680536B2 (en) * | 1993-03-26 | 1997-11-19 | 株式会社ムサシノエンジニアリング | Vacuum fitting |
| TW265452B (en) * | 1994-04-11 | 1995-12-11 | Hitachi Seisakusyo Kk | |
| JPH09161583A (en) * | 1995-12-13 | 1997-06-20 | Toshiba Corp | Manufacture of contact member for vacuum circuit breaker |
| JPH09197075A (en) * | 1996-01-17 | 1997-07-31 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Structure of vacuum seal |
| DE19650752C1 (en) * | 1996-12-06 | 1998-03-05 | Louis Renner Gmbh | Sintered copper@-chromium@ vacuum contact material |
| DE19809306A1 (en) * | 1998-03-05 | 1999-09-09 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Contact piece for a vacuum chamber and method for producing the contact piece |
| JP2000235825A (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 2000-08-29 | Hitachi Ltd | Electrode member for vacuum circuit-breaker and manufacture thereof |
| JP2000251585A (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-09-14 | Toshiba Corp | Arc resistant coating for electric equipment |
| JP2001227643A (en) * | 2000-02-14 | 2001-08-24 | Tsukishima Kikai Co Ltd | Seal structure for vacuum container, and gasket for sealing vacuum container |
| JP4455066B2 (en) * | 2004-01-08 | 2010-04-21 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Electrical contact member, method of manufacturing the same, vacuum valve and vacuum circuit breaker using the same |
| US20090324401A1 (en) * | 2008-05-02 | 2009-12-31 | General Electric Company | Article having a protective coating and methods |
-
2011
- 2011-09-27 JP JP2011210080A patent/JP5409739B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-08-02 EP EP12179082.8A patent/EP2575149A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-08-02 KR KR1020120084765A patent/KR101445447B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-08-03 CN CN201210276116.9A patent/CN103021727B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3107688A1 (en) * | 1981-02-28 | 1982-09-16 | Calor-Emag Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft, 4030 Ratingen | Switching contact |
| EP0917171A2 (en) * | 1997-11-14 | 1999-05-19 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Vacuum circuit-breaker, vacuum bulb for use therein, and electrodes thereof |
| CN1776855A (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2006-05-24 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Electrode, electrical contact and method of manufacturing the same |
| JP2007157666A (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2007-06-21 | Hitachi Ltd | Vacuum container and switch using the same |
| CN101797669A (en) * | 2009-01-07 | 2010-08-11 | 通用电气公司 | System and method of joining metallic parts using cold spray technique |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2575149A2 (en) | 2013-04-03 |
| KR101445447B1 (en) | 2014-09-26 |
| EP2575149A3 (en) | 2014-09-24 |
| JP2013073701A (en) | 2013-04-22 |
| KR20130033945A (en) | 2013-04-04 |
| JP5409739B2 (en) | 2014-02-05 |
| CN103021727B (en) | 2016-03-16 |
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