CN103018795A - Testing device for rainfall intercepted by litter - Google Patents
Testing device for rainfall intercepted by litter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103018795A CN103018795A CN2012105858857A CN201210585885A CN103018795A CN 103018795 A CN103018795 A CN 103018795A CN 2012105858857 A CN2012105858857 A CN 2012105858857A CN 201210585885 A CN201210585885 A CN 201210585885A CN 103018795 A CN103018795 A CN 103018795A
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- litter
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- funnel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a testing device for rainfall intercepted by litter. The testing device comprises a litter bearing net, a hopper, a flow guide pipe, a flow collection barrel, a first weighing device and a second weighing device. The litter bearing net is completely disposed on an upper opening of the hopper, the diameter of the litter bearing net is equal to that of the upper opening of the hopper, a lower opening of the hopper is communicated with one end of the flow guide pipe, and the other end of the flow guide pipe is arranged in the flow collection barrel. The hopper is placed on the first weighing device by the aid of a supporting device, and the flow collection barrel is placed on the second weighing device. Therefore, an original structure of a litter layer is guaranteed against damage while the terminal speed of rainfall dropping on the litter is coincided with real situations to enable tested interception to be more accurate, and continuous observation is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Litter Hydrology Characteristic research field, relate in particular to a kind of litter and cut the determinator of holding rainfall.
Background technology
Litter Layer is the important component part of hydrologic cycle process, is playing important moisture and energy exchange effect between sylvan life and earth's surface.Litter Layer is covered on the earth's surface, can cut the precipitation of holding about 15%-50%, cut a precipitation part of holding and infiltrate soil, another part is evaporated in the air, be evaporated to wherein that airborne this part is fairly obvious to the reallocation effect of precipitation, in the forest hydrology cyclic process, play the part of very important effect.Litter is cut the judgment criteria of holding the rainfall ability maximum interception and minimum cut allowance, and wherein maximum interception is the continuous rainfall interception of litter in the rainfall, cuts the quantity of precipitation of holding when rainfall finishes moment, comprises gravity water.The part water yield in this part quantity of precipitation is oozed under still continuing afterwards, participates in infiltrating soil and runoff.Interception when no longer dripping to litter after accurately being defined as rainfall and finishing of minimum cut allowance does not comprise gravity water, and this part precipitation of holding back can only be transported in the air by evaporation at last.
In the prior art, cut the mensuration research of holding rainfall amount about Litter Layer and mainly contain two kinds of methods:
1. in the laboratory, measure
The litter sample that will gather from forest is taken back the laboratory, and the water cut of mensuration litter than the variation before the rainfall, records evaporation capacity according to the alternation of wetting and drying curve, in prediction on such basis the interception of litter in the rainfall after rainfall.The drawback of this assay method has been to destroy the complete original state structure of litter, and causes easily the loss of the top layer water yield in the process of getting the litter sample, causes larger error to experimental result.
2. testing the forest farm in the open air measures
Under natural rainfall or the artificial rainfall condition, litter is compiled to the determinator that is comprised of drum and nylon wire, utilized rainfall amount and the difference of the amount of penetrating to measure the interception of litter.Although this assay method can record maximum interception (or instantaneous interception) and minimum cut allowance (or final interception) in the rainfall, in measuring process, changed the basic existing way of litter, destroyed the original state structure of litter.Simultaneously, this assay method can promote litter, so that raindrop speed is not namely hit litter after accelerating to final speed, is not inconsistent fully with strike situation under the current conditions.
As seen, the above-mentioned two kinds of determinators in the prior art and method all can not obtain comparatively accurately maximum interception and minimum cut allowance.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that (one) will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for defects, how cut in the process of holding rain test carrying out litter, can either keep the original state structure of Litter Layer not to be destroyed, can guarantee that again raindrop terminal velocity and real-world situation meet fully, and then Continuous Observation.
(2) technical scheme
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of litter and cut the determinator of holding rainfall, described determinator comprises:
Litter is accepted net, funnel, mozzle, afflux cylinder, bracing or strutting arrangement, the first meausring apparatus and the second meausring apparatus;
Described litter accepts that net is complete to be taken on described funnel suitable for reading, and the described litter diameter of accepting net equals the back cut diameter of described funnel;
One termination of the end opening of described funnel and described mozzle is logical;
The other end of described mozzle places described afflux cylinder;
Described funnel is placed on described the first meausring apparatus by bracing or strutting arrangement, and described afflux cylinder is placed on described the second meausring apparatus.
Concrete, described determinator places in the mensuration space that holds described determinator of digging on the ground, forest land, and described litter accept net around by division board with described mensuration space and outer isolation.
Concrete, described litter is accepted net, described division board and ground and is maintained at the same horizontal plane.
Concrete, described determinator also comprises: the mozzle support, the described mozzle of described mozzle stent support is also born the weight of described mozzle.
Concrete, the end that described mozzle connects funnel is higher than an end that places described afflux cylinder.
Concrete, it is characterized in that, described litter accept net pore size so that the rainwater infiltrate be as the criterion.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention proposes a kind of litter and cut the determinator of holding rainfall, by build one more with the actual determinator that conforms to, guarantee that Litter Layer original state structure is not destroyed, guarantee that simultaneously the final speed that raindrop drop on the litter conforms to real-world situation, so that the interception that records is more accurate, can also carry out Continuous Observation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that a kind of litter of the present invention cuts the determinator one-piece construction synoptic diagram of holding rainfall;
Fig. 2 is that the litter that a kind of litter of the present invention cuts in the determinator of holding rainfall is accepted the net synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that a kind of litter of the present invention cuts the funnel synoptic diagram in the determinator of holding rainfall;
Fig. 4 is that a kind of litter of the present invention cuts the bracing or strutting arrangement synoptic diagram in the determinator of holding rainfall.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used for explanation the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Provide a kind of litter to cut the determinator of holding rainfall in the embodiment of the invention, one-piece construction specifically comprises as shown in Figure 1:
Litter is accepted net 101, funnel 102, mozzle 103, afflux cylinder 104, bracing or strutting arrangement 105, the first meausring apparatus 1061 and the second meausring apparatus 1062.
Wherein, litter accepts that net 101 is complete to be taken on funnel 102 suitable for reading, and collecting the natural litter that comes off, the diameter that litter is accepted net 101 equals the back cut diameter of funnel 102.
One termination of the end opening of funnel 102 and mozzle 103 is logical, and the other end of mozzle 103 places afflux cylinder 104, and funnel 102 is placed on the first meausring apparatus 1061 by bracing or strutting arrangement 105, and afflux cylinder 104 is placed on the second meausring apparatus 1062.
In the present embodiment, bracing or strutting arrangement 105 converts by a round plastic bucket, diameter equates with the diameter of funnel 102, be 60cm, the height of funnel is 30cm, the high 100cm of Plastic Drum is at the osculum of opening a diameter 3cm apart from the position at 40cm suitable for reading place, in order to pass through mozzle.Mozzle 103 adopts the pipe of PVC material, extends to by circular hole in the afflux cylinder 104 of round plastic bucket.The tube wall of mozzle 103 is avoided contacting with the plastic cylinder wall, in order to avoid Plastic Drum is had compression weight, causes the weighing device under the Plastic Drum to measure inaccurate.
The mechanism that litter is accepted net 101 as shown in Figure 2, funnel 102 as shown in Figure 3, plastic cylinder is as shown in Figure 4.
Determinator places in the mensuration space A of the held determinator that digs on the ground, forest land, and litter accept net 101 around will measure space and outer isolation by division board 107, prevent that rainwater from dropping into the afflux cylinder 104 interior experimental results that affect.
Litter is accepted net 101, division board 107 is maintained at the same horizontal plane with ground.
Determinator also comprises: mozzle support 108, mozzle support 108 support mozzle 103 and bear the weight of mozzle 103.
The end that mozzle 103 connects funnel 102 is higher than an end that places afflux cylinder 104.
Litter accepts the pore size of net 101 so that the rainwater infiltrate is as the criterion, and pore size is not all different according to braided material and diameter, flows in the funnel but will make the rainwater of accepting accept net 101 through litter.
Before raining, the reading A of meausring apparatus 1061
1For plastic cylinder, funnel 102, litter are accepted the weight of net 101 and litter, the reading B of meausring apparatus 1062
1Weight for afflux cylinder 104; The reading A of meausring apparatus 1061 after raining
2For plastic cylinder, funnel 102, litter are accepted the minimum cut allowance of net 101, litter and litter, the reading B of meausring apparatus 1062
2For litter in the weight of afflux cylinder 104 and the rainfall cuts the amount of rainfall of holding, so the minimum cut allowance of litter is A
2-A
1, the maximum interception of litter is B
2-B
1
Determinator provided by the invention cuts the rainfall amount of holding than litter before the rainfall after not only can measuring rainfall, can also measure maximum interception and the minimum cut allowance of per minute.
By using the said determination device, guarantee that Litter Layer original state structure is not destroyed, guarantee that simultaneously the final speed that raindrop drop on the litter conforms to real-world situation, so that the interception that records is more accurate, can also carry out Continuous Observation.
Above embodiment only is used for explanation the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; in the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. a litter cuts the determinator of holding rainfall, it is characterized in that, described determinator specifically comprises:
Litter is accepted net, funnel, mozzle, afflux cylinder, bracing or strutting arrangement, the first meausring apparatus and the second meausring apparatus;
Described litter accepts that net is complete to be taken on described funnel suitable for reading, and the described litter diameter of accepting net equals the back cut diameter of described funnel;
One termination of the end opening of described funnel and described mozzle is logical;
The other end of described mozzle places described afflux cylinder;
Described funnel is placed on described the first meausring apparatus by bracing or strutting arrangement, and described afflux cylinder is placed on described the second meausring apparatus.
2. determinator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described determinator places in the mensuration space that holds described determinator of digging on the ground, forest land, and described litter accept net around by division board with described mensuration space and outer isolation.
3. determinator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described litter is accepted net, described division board and ground and is maintained at the same horizontal plane.
4. determinator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described determinator also comprises: the mozzle support, the described mozzle of described mozzle stent support is also born the weight of described mozzle.
5. determinator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the end that described mozzle connects funnel is higher than an end that places described afflux cylinder.
6. determinator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described litter accept net pore size so that the rainwater infiltrate be as the criterion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210585885.7A CN103018795B (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | A kind of litter cuts the determinator holding rainfall |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210585885.7A CN103018795B (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | A kind of litter cuts the determinator holding rainfall |
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| CN103018795A true CN103018795A (en) | 2013-04-03 |
| CN103018795B CN103018795B (en) | 2015-10-14 |
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| CN201210585885.7A Active CN103018795B (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | A kind of litter cuts the determinator holding rainfall |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103728423A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2014-04-16 | 北京林业大学 | Device and method for measuring interception of grass canopy |
| CN108572092A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2018-09-25 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of high altitude glacier zone of ablation precipitation collection device |
| CN109406728A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-03-01 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | Forest Litter rainfall, which is cut, holds and evaporation observation device and method |
| CN110934008A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-03-31 | 青海畜牧兽医职业技术学院 | Vegetation and litter cut off water test device |
| CN117949342A (en) * | 2024-03-27 | 2024-04-30 | 四川省林业和草原调查规划院(四川省林业和草原生态环境监测中心) | On-line measuring device for moisture content of under-forest withered matters |
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| CN2553390Y (en) * | 2002-06-17 | 2003-05-28 | 孙孝波 | Weighing rainfall gauge |
| CN1818603A (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2006-08-16 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Vadose water collector indry land |
| JP3808805B2 (en) * | 2002-06-26 | 2006-08-16 | 盛彰 田村 | Precipitation intensity meter |
| CN102692492A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2012-09-26 | 北京林业大学 | Device for bearing litterthrough |
| KR101198533B1 (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-11-09 | 김창구 | Rain and snow gauge |
| CN203232160U (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-10-09 | 北京林业大学 | Measuring device for litter rainfall interception |
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2012
- 2012-12-28 CN CN201210585885.7A patent/CN103018795B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2553390Y (en) * | 2002-06-17 | 2003-05-28 | 孙孝波 | Weighing rainfall gauge |
| JP3808805B2 (en) * | 2002-06-26 | 2006-08-16 | 盛彰 田村 | Precipitation intensity meter |
| CN1818603A (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2006-08-16 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Vadose water collector indry land |
| CN102692492A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2012-09-26 | 北京林业大学 | Device for bearing litterthrough |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 郭晓平等: "凤阳山枯落物水文特性研究", 《浙江林业科技》, vol. 32, no. 6, 30 November 2012 (2012-11-30), pages 1 - 7 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103728423A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2014-04-16 | 北京林业大学 | Device and method for measuring interception of grass canopy |
| CN103728423B (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2015-11-11 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of devices and methods therefor measuring grass hat interception |
| CN108572092A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2018-09-25 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of high altitude glacier zone of ablation precipitation collection device |
| CN108572092B (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2023-08-01 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Precipitation collection device for extremely high altitude glacier ablation area |
| CN109406728A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-03-01 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | Forest Litter rainfall, which is cut, holds and evaporation observation device and method |
| CN110934008A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-03-31 | 青海畜牧兽医职业技术学院 | Vegetation and litter cut off water test device |
| CN117949342A (en) * | 2024-03-27 | 2024-04-30 | 四川省林业和草原调查规划院(四川省林业和草原生态环境监测中心) | On-line measuring device for moisture content of under-forest withered matters |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103018795B (en) | 2015-10-14 |
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