CN103017903B - Optical racemization and slit scanning integrated device based on solar telescope grating spectrometer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an optical racemization and slit scanning integrated device based on a solar telescope grating spectrometer. The optical racemization and slit scanning integrated device comprises a solar telescope (1), a K1 plane mirror (2), a K2 plane mirror (3), a K3 plane mirror (4), an electrical control translation stage (5), an electrical control rotating platform (6), a grating spectrometer slit (7), a grating spectrometer (8), a photoelectric detector (9), a controller (10) and a data processing and control computer (11). At present, most of solar telescopes use horizontal type rack structures, image field rotation problems are easily caused in the object tracking process by means of the structures, so that on one hand, a special image field racemization device is required to be equipped, and on the other hand, a special slit scanning device is required to be equipped to obtain three-dimensional information of a solar activity region. The optical racemization and slit scanning integrated device is simple in structure, small in occupied space, few in optical mirror planes and high in innovativeness and practicality.

Description

Optics racemization based on helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan integrated apparatus

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field for the device of the optics racemization of helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan, particularly a kind of optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on helioscope grating spectrograph.

Background technology

Altitude azimuth form rack construction has obvious mechanics superiority, and adopts the helioscope infield of this structure and geographic latitude to have nothing to do.Most of helioscopes all adopt this structure in the world at present, especially heavy caliber helioscope.Horizontal solar telescope can produce picture and revolve when sun surface regional area is carried out to tracking observation, be that observed object in visual field can be rotated around central visual axis, brought inconvenience to helioscope image consistance and the image processing algorithm based on Frame accumulation.For this reason, need to carry out racemization to the rotation of helioscope image planes.Optics racemization is to eliminate one of approach of image planes rotation, refers to and before system light path image device, places a racemization device and the rotation of racemization angle on request, thus the rotation that produces emergent ray, to offset the rotation of image.Optics racemization has the feature of noncontact, real-time, full visual field.And adopt three plane mirrors to form " K " mirror combination unit, one of at present more conventional optical devices, as 100 inches of Aperture Telescopes of U.S.'s Mount Wilson Observatory have just been installed K mirror despin mechanism (SCOTT W.T. before Coude focus, UnISIS field de-rotator, EB/OL, 2000); K mirror racemization mechanism is in the application of succeeding of China's satellite fields, the optical spectrum imagers carrying on No. three (FY-3) weather satellite of the ocean color scanner carrying on the HY-1 oceanographic satellite and wind and cloud all adopts K illuminating apparatus structure to eliminate as revolving (Guan Min, Guo Qiang, the application of optical image racemization system in FY-3 MERSI framing, applicating atmosphere journal, 2008,9 (4): 420-427).

On the other hand, the basic reason that causes various solar activitys is the Distribution of Magnetic Field on sun surface, and measurement to the monochromatic different polarization state in behaviour area is to obtain the key that corresponding active region magnetic fields distribute.For this reason, grating spectrograph is that helioscope is often equipped with one of instrument, for obtaining active region monochromatic light imaging data.In order to obtain higher Spectral resolution, slit is the indispensable means of helioscope grating spectrograph, in order to limit the imaging viewing field of a certain dimension, in case overlapping between different imaging viewing field spectrum.In order to obtain active region continuous spectrum three-dimensional imaging data, need to adopt special full-field scanning mechanism to scan behaviour area.As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 2 is for adopting slit scan mechanism to carry out obtaining continuous spectrum three-dimensional imaging data schematic diagram after full-field scanning to slit for single slit scanning-free spectrum imaging schematic diagram.Conventionally the method adopting in helioscope is before helioscope Coude focus, to increase by 4 catoptrons, and wherein two catoptrons are done whole adjustment, make edge, image planes position perpendicular to slit direction translation, thereby the visual field that enters slit is changed, realize the object of full-field scanning.

According to above background, describe known, in order to realize the optics racemization of helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan, at least need two to overlap independently optical facilities and control gear, and the complicacy of optical texture reduces system performance to a certain extent, and increased concrete enforcement difficulty.Based on above background, this patent proposes a kind of optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on helioscope grating spectrograph, by some reflector positions in K mirror are carried out to translation, the function of slit scan can be dissolved in K mirror despinner, and whole as K mirror, the function of its optics racemization is not affected.

The present invention adopts better simply method to realize the integrated of the optics racemization of helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan function, it is minimum that optical device use amount reaches, compact conformation, take up room little, control relation is simple, can guarantee to the full extent system optics performance, discharge instrument space, novelty and practicality are obvious.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: for the optics racemization of flat rack construction helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan mechanism are separate traditionally, use optical component is more, larger on optical system imaging quality impact, and it is large to take up room, the problems such as control system complexity, propose a kind of optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on helioscope grating spectrograph, attempt with minimum optical component, the compactest optical texture, the simplest control program etc. realizes the function of optics racemization and slit scan simultaneously.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical matters employing is: a kind of optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on helioscope grating spectrograph, and this device comprises: helioscope, K1 plane mirror, K2 plane mirror, K3 plane mirror, electronic control translation stage, automatically controlled universal stage, grating spectrograph slit, grating spectrograph, photodetector, controller and data processing and control computing machine; K1 plane mirror, K2 plane mirror and K3 plane mirror form K mirror, and control K mirror integral-rotation by automatically controlled universal stage, realize the object of optics racemization; Electronic control translation stage is installed on after K1 plane mirror, for controlling K1 plane mirror along a direction translation; After moving, the K1 plane mirror that electronic control translation stage is installed will change the relative position of hot spot and grating spectrograph slit on helioscope system focal plane, thereby realize grating spectrograph, high spectral resolution power scanning imagery is carried out in the full field range of helioscope active region, and utilize the scanning imagery result of photodetectors register corresponding wavelength.In whole scanning process, data processing and control computing machine mainly complete the data processing of the scanning imagery data that photodetector is gathered, and control controller according to the speed of respective optical racemization and slit scan and size, and finally realize the control to automatically controlled universal stage and electronic control translation stage;

This grating spectrograph slit is positioned on helioscope system focal plane, because helioscope is in following the tracks of active region process, picture in helioscope system focus constantly rotates variation, therefore, spectrum observation a certain behaviour area on the sun carried out to spectral scan observation or when need to carry out the exposure of long period, need to adopt the way of optics racemization that image planes rotation is eliminated, picture revolves size and conventionally with parallactic angle p, represents, the position of parallactic angle and pace of change are as shown in formula (1) and formula (2):

$\tan p=\frac{\sin t}{\tan \mathrm{\φ}\cos \mathrm{\δ}-\sin \mathrm{\δ}\cos t}---\left(1\right)$

$\frac{\mathrm{dp}}{\mathrm{dt}}=-\frac{\cos \mathrm{\φ}\cos A}{\sin Z}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, A and Z represent respectively position angle and the zenith distance of active region, and Φ is the geographic latitude at helioscope place, and δ and t are respectively declination and the hour angle that is observed behaviour area;

K mirror acting as in coordinate transform and image planes rotation:

A'＝S ^-1R _kSA (3)

Wherein, S is the transformation matrix of coordinates of K mirror, R _kfor the acting matrix of K mirror, A is incident beam vector, and A ' is outgoing beam vector after K mirror;

If incident beam vector A has rotation angle θ, so for image planes are not rotated, i.e. A '=[0,0,1] ^t, after substitution formula (3), can obtain the integrally rotated angle of K mirror is θ/2, that is to say, after K mirror rotates with 1/2 rotating speed of incident light rotation angle, can realize the racemization to image planes;

On the K mirror optics racemization basis shown in formula (1)～(3), after the K1 of K mirror plane mirror, increase motorized precision translation stage, can realize different visual field scannings along elevation axis direction rectilinear translation K1 plane mirror, particularly:

If helioscope bore is D, helioscope system focus place equivalence F number is F, and helioscope observes full visual field (FOV) for Ψ, and image planes size in helioscope system focus place is d, and image planes size d meets following relation:

d＝F×D×tan(Ψ)≈F×D×Ψ (4)

If visual field, center is incided the incident angle on K1, K2, K3 in K mirror and is respectively θ ₁, θ ₂and θ ₃angle between this incident angle digital reflex mirror and incident light, and certain satisfied can making through the emergent light after K mirror along elevation axis direction between them, according to above analysis, because K1 plane mirror does not change beam-pointing along the translation of elevation axis direction, after any one catoptron reflection in K mirror, the light beam before and after translation is parallel; The incident angle that enters K3 plane mirror due to incident light is θ ₃, according to simple geometric optical theory, its emergence angle also should be θ mutually ₃angle between this emergence angle digital reflex mirror and emergent light, according to straight line and two parallel lines, intersect its etc. the plane geometry principle that equates of parallactic angle, the common triangle forming of the incident ray of the emergent ray of plane mirror K1 translation frontal plane catoptron K3, plane mirror K1 translation back plane catoptron K3 and the reflecting surface of plane mirror K3 is isosceles triangle, and two the waist length corresponding with plane mirror K3 are d _k1, corresponding interior angle is θ ₃, accordingly, can extrapolate image planes position under Universal Conditions along the translational movement △ d of slit vertical direction and K1 plane mirror along elevation axis direction translational movement d _k1between quantitative relationship, be shown below:

Δd＝d _k1×cos(180°-2θ ₃-90°)＝d _k1×sin(2θ ₃) (5)

In conjunction with the helioscope image planes size shown in formula (4), can obtain the size of the up and down scope of K1 plane mirror, be shown below:

$-\frac{d}{2}\≤\mathrm{\Δd}\≤\frac{d}{2}\⇒-\frac{\mathrm{FD\ψ}}{2\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)}\≤d_{k1}\≤\frac{\mathrm{FD\ψ}}{2\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)}---\left(6\right)$

If the image plane scanning speed needing is v, the rising or falling speed v of corresponding K1 plane mirror _k1for:

$v=\frac{d\left\{\mathrm{\Δd}\right\}}{\mathrm{dt}}=\frac{d\left\{d_{k1}\right\}}{\mathrm{dt}}\×\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)=v_{k1}\×\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)\⇒v_{k1}=\frac{v}{\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)}---\left(7\right)$

It is pointed out that K1 plane mirror is along the make progress equivalent distances d of translation of elevation axis _k1refer to after K1 translation visual field on axle and distance before the relative translation of K1 plane mirror contact point, if electronic control translation stage is controlled K1 plane mirror along certain irregular direction translational, here need first to calculate its along the elevation angle axial translatory distance, then according to formula (5)～(7), calculate the parameter of image plane scanning distance, sweep limit and sweep velocity.

Wherein, establish three sub-mirror spacing of K mirror and be L, and form triangle interior angle and be made as 60 °, form equilateral triangle; When K mirror K1 plane mirror is d along the elevation axis translation distance that makes progress _k1, now position is designated as K1 ', and the distance of corresponding same field rays translation also should be d mutually _k1, and sensing does not change; Before and after the translation of K1 plane mirror, the outgoing of K3 plane mirror, incident ray and K3 plane mirror reflecting surface are common forms an isosceles triangle, and corresponding waist length is d _k1; And the reflecting surface tangent line of K1～K3 plane mirror forms an isosceles triangle, according to K3 plane mirror incident before and after the translation of the known K1 plane mirror of geometrical principle and emergent ray angle, be 120 °, accordingly, can calculate that K1 plane mirror is before and after translation, image planes position translation amount △ d, is shown below:

Wherein, described grating spectrograph refers to the instrument that can form certain spectral resolution after slit, does not refer in particular to the structure of a certain spectrometer, as long as it meets the fundamental of grating spectrograph.

Wherein, described electronic control translation stage can be controlled in K mirror K1 plane mirror along elevation axis direction translational, also can control K3 plane mirror in K mirror, along elevation axis direction translational, needs only and realizes the full-field scanning function to slit by some reflector positions in translation K mirror.

Wherein, the described a certain reflector position in electronic control translation stage translation K mirror that passes through is realized the function to grating spectrograph slit scan, the translation of a certain catoptron in described K mirror, do not refer in particular to this catoptron translation direction truly along elevation axis direction translational, and refer to its along the elevation angle axial equivalent translatory distance, as long as realize the full-field scanning function to slit by a certain catoptron in translation K mirror.

Wherein, described optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus, be not only applicable to helioscope, so long as be applied to altazimuth telescope and grating spectrograph thereof, and the optics racemization adopting is identical with integrated apparatus structure with slit scan structure or similar.

Wherein, described controller, its basic function has been that the control of electronic control translation stage and automatically controlled universal stage is carried out, it can be an individual devices, can be also to combine together with data processing and control computing machine.

Wherein, described integrated apparatus, refers in structure optics racemization and slit scan is combined together, can carry out simultaneously, or can timesharing carry out, as long as structurally the two is combined together during practical operation.

Principle of the present invention is: current most of helioscope adopts altitude azimuth form rack construction, and this is because its unique mechanics superiority.But this structure causes Image rotation problem in tracking target process, need to be equipped with special image field despin mechanism.On the other hand, grating spectrograph is the requisite important instrument of helioscope, and it can provide the active region imaging results of high light spectrum resolving power.But it need to be equipped with special slit scan device, obtain the three-dimensional information of active region.The present invention is based on above background, propose a kind of optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on helioscope grating spectrograph, can complete the optics racemization of grating spectrograph and slit scan function simultaneously.The present invention is simple in structure, takes up room little, and optical mirror plane is few, and novelty and practical is controlled significant to the optics racemization of helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan.

The present invention proposes technology tool and has the following advantages:

(1). the optics racemization based on helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan integrated apparatus that this patent proposes, on the basis of traditional K mirror optics racemization structure, do not increase any optical element, realized grating spectrograph slit scan, reduced to greatest extent the adverse effect that the use of optical surface brings to system imaging quality.

(2). the optics racemization based on helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan integrated apparatus that this patent proposes, optics racemization and slit scan are combined together, make more compact structure.

(3). the optics racemization based on helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan integrated apparatus that this patent proposes, do not increasing under the prerequisite of optics despun control difficulty, only by changing the translation of a catoptron, just can realize the slit scan to grating spectrograph, and control relation is linear corresponding relation, control algolithm is simple, is easy to realize.

(4). the optics racemization based on helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan integrated apparatus that this this patent proposes, optics racemization function and slit scan function are incorporated into one, both can operate simultaneously, also can time-sharing operation, be convenient to integrated control and enforcement.

In a word, the optics racemization based on helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan integrated apparatus that the present invention proposes, when not increasing the complicacy of traditional K mirror optics racemization, only by increasing an electronic control translation stage, just can realize the integrated of optics racemization and slit scan, it is simple in structure, and optical mirror plane is used few, is easy to control, be convenient to integrated operation, novelty and practicality are obvious.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is single slit scanning-free spectrum imaging schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 is for to carry out after full-field scanning obtaining continuous spectrum three-dimensional imaging data schematic diagram to slit;

Fig. 3 is optics racemization and the slit scan integrated apparatus based on helioscope grating spectrograph;

Fig. 4 is slit scan principle schematic (K1, K2 and K3 form equilateral triangle);

Fig. 5 is slit scan principle schematic (K1, K2 and K3 are arbitrary triangle).

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention.

Optics racemization based on helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan integrated apparatus, comprise helioscope 1, K1 plane mirror 2, K2 plane mirror 3, K3 plane mirror 4, electronic control translation stage 5, automatically controlled universal stage 6, grating spectrograph slit 7, grating spectrograph 8, photodetector 9, controller 10 and data processing and control computing machine 11.Grating spectrograph slit 7 is positioned on helioscope Coude focal plane, because telescope is in following the tracks of active region process, picture in Coude focus constantly rotates variation, therefore, a certain behaviour area on the sun is being carried out to spectral scan observation or when spectrum observation need to carry out the exposure of long period, need to adopt the way of optics racemization that image planes rotation is eliminated.Picture revolves size and conventionally with parallactic angle p, represents, the position of parallactic angle and pace of change are as shown in formula (1) and formula (2):

$\tan p=\frac{\sin t}{\tan \mathrm{\φ}\cos \mathrm{\δ}-\sin \mathrm{\δ}\cos t}---\left(1\right)$

$\frac{\mathrm{dp}}{\mathrm{dt}}=-\frac{\cos \mathrm{\φ}\cos A}{\sin Z}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, A and Z represent respectively position angle and the zenith distance of active region, and Φ is the geographic latitude at helioscope place, and δ and t are respectively declination and the hour angle that is observed behaviour area.

According to former achievements (Cheng Jingquan, astronomical telescope theory and design, China Science Tech Publishing House, Beijing), the effect of K mirror (comprising K1 plane mirror 2, K2 plane mirror 3, K3 plane mirror 4) in coordinate transform and image planes rotation can be written as:

A'＝S ^-1R _kSA (3)

Wherein, S is the transformation matrix of coordinates of K mirror, R _kfor the acting matrix of K mirror, A is incident beam vector, and A ' is outgoing beam vector after K mirror.

According to former achievements (Cheng Jingquan, astronomical telescope theory and design, China Science Tech Publishing House, Beijing), if incident beam vector A has rotation angle θ, so for image planes are not rotated, i.e. A '=[0,0,1] ^t, after substitution formula (3), can obtain the integrally rotated angle of K mirror is θ/2.That is to say, after K mirror rotates with 1/2 rotating speed of incident light rotation angle, can realize the racemization to image planes.

The present invention, on the K mirror optics racemization basis shown in formula (1)～(3), increases motorized precision translation stage after the K1 of K mirror plane mirror, can, along elevation axis direction rectilinear translation K1 plane mirror, can realize different visual field scannings.

The large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS as shown in Figure 3, if helioscope bore is D, Coude (helioscope system) focus place equivalence F number is F, helioscope observes full visual field (FOV) for Ψ, Coude focus place image planes size is d, and image planes size d meets following relation:

d＝F×D×tan(Ψ)≈F×D×Ψ (4)

For general situation, the center visual field of establishing is incided the incident angle on K1, K2, K3 in K mirror and is respectively θ ₁, θ ₂and θ ₃(angle between digital reflex mirror and incident light here), and certain satisfied can making through the emergent light after K mirror along elevation axis direction between them.According to above analysis, because K1 plane mirror does not change beam-pointing along the translation of elevation axis direction, after in result K mirror, any one catoptron reflects, the light beam before and after translation is parallel.As shown in Figure 5, the incident angle that enters K3 plane mirror due to incident light is θ ₃, according to simple geometric optical theory, its emergence angle (angle between digital reflex mirror and emergent light here) also should be θ mutually ₃.According to straight line and two parallel lines, intersect its etc. the plane geometry principle that equates of parallactic angle, △ ABC is an isosceles triangle, the length of two waist AC and BC is d _k1, corresponding interior angle is θ ₃, accordingly, can extrapolate image planes position under Universal Conditions along the translational movement △ d of slit vertical direction and K1 plane mirror along elevation axis direction translational movement d _k1between quantitative relationship, be shown below:

Δd＝d _k1×cos(180°-2θ ₃-90°)＝d _k1×sin(2θ ₃) (5)

In conjunction with the helioscope image planes size shown in formula (4), can obtain the size of the up and down scope of K1 plane mirror, be shown below:

$-\frac{d}{2}\≤\mathrm{\Δd}\≤\frac{d}{2}\⇒-\frac{\mathrm{FD\ψ}}{2\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)}\≤d_{k1}\≤\frac{\mathrm{FD\ψ}}{2\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)}---\left(6\right)$

If the image plane scanning speed needing is v, the rising or falling speed v of corresponding K1 plane mirror _k1for:

$v=\frac{d\left\{\mathrm{\Δd}\right\}}{\mathrm{dt}}=\frac{d\left\{d_{k1}\right\}}{\mathrm{dt}}\×\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)=v_{k1}\×\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)\⇒v_{k1}=\frac{v}{\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)}---\left(7\right)$

It is pointed out that K1 plane mirror is along the make progress equivalent distances d of translation of elevation axis _k1refer to after the translation of K1 plane mirror visual field on axle and distance before the relative translation of K1 plane mirror contact point, if electronic control translation stage is controlled K1 plane mirror along certain irregular direction translational, here need first to calculate its along the elevation angle axial translatory distance, then according to formula (6)～(8), calculate the parameter of image plane scanning distance, sweep limit and sweep velocity.

Special, as shown in Figure 4, establishing three sub-mirrors of K mirror (K1 plane mirror 2, K2 plane mirror 3, K3 plane mirror 4) spacing is L, and forms triangle interior angle and be made as 60 °, forms equilateral triangle.When K mirror K1 plane mirror is d along the elevation axis translation equivalent distances that makes progress _k1, translation is to position shown in K1 ' in Fig. 4, and the distance of corresponding same field rays (in figure, solid line is with shown in dotted line) translation also should be d mutually _k1, and sensing does not change.In like manner, the transmitting procedure from K2 plane mirror to K3 plane mirror, because electronic control translation stage is controlled the vertically upper translation front and back that occur of K1 plane mirror, its beam-pointing does not change, therefore the distance vertically going up between same field light beam does not change, i.e. AC=d _k1.Because K1～K3 forms an equilateral triangle, according to simple plane geometry principle, can obtain △ ABC and be one and take the isosceles triangle that C is summit, and two exterior angles corresponding with summit C are 120 °, accordingly, can calculate that K1 plane mirror is before and after translation, image planes position translation amount △ d, is shown below:

The above; it is only the specific embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; any people who is familiar with this technology is in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention; the replacement being understood that or increase and decrease; all should be encompassed in of the present invention comprise scope within, therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.

Claims (8)

1. the optics racemization based on helioscope grating spectrograph and a slit scan integrated apparatus, is characterized in that: this device comprises: helioscope (1), K1 plane mirror (2), K2 plane mirror (3), K3 plane mirror (4), electronic control translation stage (5), automatically controlled universal stage (6), grating spectrograph slit (7), grating spectrograph (8), photodetector (9), controller (10) and data processing and control computing machine (11), K1 plane mirror (2), K2 plane mirror (3) and K3 plane mirror (4) form K mirror, and control K mirror integral-rotation by automatically controlled universal stage (6), realize the object of optics racemization, electronic control translation stage (5) is installed on after K1 plane mirror (2), for controlling K1 plane mirror (2) along a direction translation, the relative position that the K1 plane mirror (2) of electronic control translation stage (5) will change hot spot and grating spectrograph slit (7) on helioscope system focal plane after mobile is installed, thereby realize grating spectrograph (8) high spectral resolution power scanning imagery is carried out in the full field range of helioscope active region, and utilize photodetector (9) to record the scanning imagery result of corresponding wavelength, in whole scanning process, data processing and control computing machine (11) mainly complete the data processing of the scanning imagery data that photodetector (9) is gathered, and control controller (10) according to the speed of respective optical racemization and slit scan and size, and finally realize the control to automatically controlled universal stage (6) and electronic control translation stage (5),

This grating spectrograph slit (7) is positioned on helioscope system focal plane, because helioscope is in following the tracks of active region process, picture in helioscope system focus constantly rotates variation, therefore, spectrum observation a certain behaviour area on the sun carried out to spectral scan observation or when need to carry out the exposure of long period, need to adopt the way of optics racemization that image planes rotation is eliminated, picture revolves size and conventionally with parallactic angle p, represents, the position of parallactic angle and pace of change are as shown in formula (1) and formula (2):

$\tan p=\frac{\sin t}{\tan \mathrm{\φ}\cos \mathrm{\δ}-\sin \mathrm{\δ}\cos t}---\left(1\right)$

$\frac{\mathrm{dp}}{\mathrm{dt}}=-\frac{\cos \mathrm{\φ}\cos A}{\sin Z}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, A and Z represent respectively position angle and the zenith distance of active region, and Φ is the geographic latitude at helioscope place, and δ and t are respectively declination and the hour angle that is observed behaviour area;

K mirror acting as in coordinate transform and image planes rotation:

A'＝S ^-1R _kSA (3)

Wherein, S is the transformation matrix of coordinates of K mirror, R _kfor the acting matrix of K mirror, A is incident beam vector, and A ' is outgoing beam vector after K mirror;

If incident beam vector A has rotation angle θ, so for image planes are not rotated, i.e. A '=[0,0,1] ^t, after substitution formula (3), can obtain the integrally rotated angle of K mirror is θ/2, that is to say, after K mirror rotates with 1/2 rotating speed of incident light rotation angle, can realize the racemization to image planes;

On the K mirror optics racemization basis shown in formula (1)～(3), after the K1 of K mirror plane mirror, increase motorized precision translation stage, can realize different visual field scannings along elevation axis direction rectilinear translation K1 plane mirror, particularly:

If helioscope bore is D, helioscope system focus place equivalence F number is F, and helioscope observes full visual field (FOV) for Ψ, and image planes size in helioscope system focus place is d, and image planes size d meets following relation:

d＝F×D×tan(Ψ)≈F×D×Ψ (4)

If visual field, center is incided the incident angle on K1, K2, K3 in K mirror and is respectively θ ₁, θ ₂and θ ₃angle between this incident angle digital reflex mirror and incident light, and certain satisfied can making through the emergent light after K mirror along elevation axis direction between them, according to above analysis, because K1 plane mirror is along the translation of elevation axis direction, its minute surface inclination angle does not change, so it does not change beam-pointing, after any one catoptron reflection in K mirror, the light beam before and after translation is parallel; The incident angle that enters K3 plane mirror due to incident light is θ ₃, according to simple geometric optical theory, its emergence angle also should be θ mutually ₃angle between this emergence angle digital reflex mirror and emergent light, according to straight line and two parallel lines, intersect its etc. the plane geometry principle that equates of parallactic angle, the common triangle forming of the incident ray of the emergent ray of plane mirror K1 translation frontal plane catoptron K3, plane mirror K1 translation back plane catoptron K3 and the reflecting surface of plane mirror K3 is isosceles triangle, and two the waist length corresponding with plane mirror K3 are d _k1, corresponding interior angle is θ ₃, accordingly, can extrapolate image planes position under Universal Conditions along the translational movement △ d of slit vertical direction and K1 plane mirror along elevation axis direction translational movement d _k1between quantitative relationship, be shown below:

Δd＝d _k1×cos(180°-2θ ₃-90°)＝d _k1×sin(2θ ₃) (5)

In conjunction with the helioscope image planes size shown in formula (4), can obtain the size of the up and down scope of K1 plane mirror, be shown below:

$-\frac{d}{2}\≤\mathrm{\Δd}\≤\frac{d}{2}\⇒-\frac{\mathrm{FD\ψ}}{2\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)}\≤d_{k1}\≤\frac{\mathrm{FD\ψ}}{2\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)}---\left(6\right)$

If the image plane scanning speed needing is v, the rising or falling speed v of corresponding K1 plane mirror _k1for

$v=\frac{d\left\{\mathrm{\Δd}\right\}}{\mathrm{dt}}=\frac{d\left\{d_{k1}\right\}}{\mathrm{dt}}\×\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)=v_{k1}\×\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)\⇒v_{k1}=\frac{v}{\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)}---\left(7\right)$

It is pointed out that K1 plane mirror is along the make progress equivalent distances d of translation of elevation axis _k1refer to after K1 translation visual field on axle and distance before the relative translation of K1 plane mirror contact point, if electronic control translation stage is controlled K1 plane mirror along certain irregular direction translational, here need first to calculate its along the elevation angle axial translatory distance, then according to formula (5)～(7), calculate the parameter of image plane scanning distance, sweep limit and sweep velocity.

2. optics racemization and the slit scan integrated apparatus based on helioscope grating spectrograph according to claim 1, is characterized in that: establish three sub-mirror spacing of K mirror and be L, and form triangle interior angle and be made as 60 °, form equilateral triangle; When K mirror K1 plane mirror is d along the elevation axis translation distance that makes progress _k1, now position is designated as K1 ', and the distance of corresponding same field rays translation also should be d mutually _k1, and sensing does not change; According to the description of claim 1, before and after the translation of K1 plane mirror, the outgoing of K3 plane mirror, incident ray and K3 plane mirror reflecting surface are common forms an isosceles triangle, and corresponding waist length is d _k1; And the reflecting surface tangent line of K1～K3 plane mirror forms an isosceles triangle, according to K3 plane mirror incident before and after the translation of the known K1 plane mirror of geometrical principle and emergent ray angle, be 120 °, accordingly, can calculate that K1 plane mirror is before and after translation, image planes position translation amount △ d, is shown below:

3. optics racemization and the slit scan integrated apparatus based on helioscope grating spectrograph according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described grating spectrograph refers to the instrument that can form certain spectral resolution after slit, do not refer in particular to the structure of a certain spectrometer, as long as it meets the fundamental of grating spectrograph.

4. optics racemization and the slit scan integrated apparatus based on helioscope grating spectrograph according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described electronic control translation stage can be controlled in K mirror K1 plane mirror along elevation axis direction translational, also can control K3 plane mirror in K mirror, along elevation axis direction translational, needs only and realizes the full-field scanning function to slit by some reflector positions in translation K mirror.

5. according to claim 1 or optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on helioscope grating spectrograph claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: the described a certain reflector position in electronic control translation stage translation K mirror that passes through is realized the function to grating spectrograph slit scan, the translation of a certain catoptron in described K mirror, do not refer in particular to this catoptron translation direction truly along elevation axis direction translational, and refer to its along the elevation angle axial equivalent translatory distance, as long as realize the full-field scanning function to slit by a certain catoptron in translation K mirror.

6. optics racemization and the slit scan integrated apparatus based on helioscope grating spectrograph according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus, be not only applicable to helioscope, so long as be applied to altazimuth telescope and grating spectrograph thereof, and the optics racemization adopting is identical or similar with the integrated apparatus structure of its claim 1 with slit scan structure.

7. optics racemization and the slit scan integrated apparatus based on helioscope grating spectrograph according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described controller, its basic function has been that the control of electronic control translation stage and automatically controlled universal stage is carried out, it can be an individual devices, can be also to combine together with data processing and control computing machine.

8. optics racemization and the slit scan integrated apparatus based on helioscope grating spectrograph according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described integrated apparatus, refer in structure optics racemization and slit scan are combined together, during practical operation, can carry out simultaneously, or can timesharing carry out, as long as structurally the two is combined together.