CN103017903A - Optical racemization and slit scanning integrated device based on solar telescope grating spectrometer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an optical racemization and slit scanning integrated device based on a solar telescope grating spectrometer. The optical racemization and slit scanning integrated device comprises a solar telescope (1), a K1 plane mirror (2), a K2 plane mirror (3), a K3 plane mirror (4), an electrical control translation stage (5), an electrical control rotating platform (6), a grating spectrometer slit (7), a grating spectrometer (8), a photoelectric detector (9), a controller (10) and a data processing and control computer (11). At present, most of solar telescopes use horizontal type rack structures, image field rotation problems are easily caused in the object tracking process by means of the structures, so that on one hand, a special image field racemization device is required to be equipped, and on the other hand, a special slit scanning device is required to be equipped to obtain three-dimensional information of a solar activity region. The optical racemization and slit scanning integrated device is simple in structure, small in occupied space, few in optical mirror planes and high in innovativeness and practicality.

Description

Optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on the helioscope grating spectrograph

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field for the device of the optics racemization of helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan, particularly a kind of optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on the helioscope grating spectrograph.

Background technology

Altitude azimuth form rack construction has obvious mechanics superiority, and adopts the helioscope infield of this structure and geographic latitude to have nothing to do.Most of helioscopes all adopt this structure in the world at present, especially the heavy caliber helioscope.Horizontal solar telescope can produce picture and revolve when sun surface regional area is carried out tracking observation, be that observed object in the visual field can be around central visual axis rotation, give helioscope image consistance and brought inconvenience based on the image processing algorithm of Frame accumulation.For this reason, need to carry out racemization to the rotation of helioscope image planes.The optics racemization is to eliminate one of approach of image planes rotation, refers to place before the system light path image device racemization device and the rotation of racemization angle on request, thus the rotation that produces emergent ray, to offset the rotation of image.The optics racemization has the characteristics of noncontact, real-time, full visual field.And adopt the three dimensions catoptron to form " K " mirror composite set, one of optical devices commonly used at present, such as 100 inches Aperture Telescopes of the U.S.'s Mount Wilson Observatory K mirror despin mechanism (SCOTT W.T. just has been installed before the Coude focus, UnISIS field de-rotator, EB/OL, 2000); K mirror racemization mechanism is in the application of succeeding of China's satellite fields, the optical spectrum imagers that carries on No. three (FY-3) weather satellite of the ocean color scanner that carries on the HY-1 oceanographic satellite and wind and cloud all adopts K illuminating apparatus structure to eliminate as revolving (Guan Min, Guo Qiang, the application of optical image racemization system in FY-3 MERSI framing, the applicating atmosphere journal, 2008,9 (4): 420-427).

On the other hand, the basic reason that causes various solar activitys is the Distribution of Magnetic Field on sun surface, and to the measurement of the monochromatic different polarization state in behaviour area, is to obtain the key that corresponding active region magnetic fields distribute.For this reason, grating spectrograph is that helioscope often is equipped with one of instrument, is used for obtaining active region monochromatic light imaging data.In order to obtain higher Spectral resolution, slit is the indispensable means of helioscope grating spectrograph, in order to limit the imaging viewing field of a certain dimension, in case overlapping between the different imaging viewing field spectrum.In order to obtain active region continuous spectrum three-dimensional imaging data, need to adopt special full-field scanning mechanism that the behaviour area is scanned.Single slit scanning-free spectrum imaging synoptic diagram as shown in Figure 1, Fig. 2 is for adopting slit scan mechanism that slit is carried out obtaining continuous spectrum three-dimensional imaging data synoptic diagram behind the full-field scanning.Usually the method that adopts in the helioscope is to increase by 4 catoptrons before helioscope Coude focus, and wherein two catoptrons are done whole the adjustment, so that edge, image planes position is perpendicular to the slit direction translation, thereby change so that enter the visual field of slit, realize the purpose of full-field scanning.

Describe as can be known according to above background, in order to realize the optics racemization of helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan, at least need two to overlap independently optical facilities and control gear, and the complicacy of optical texture reduces system performance to a certain extent, and increased the implementation difficulty.Based on above background, this patent proposes a kind of optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on the helioscope grating spectrograph, by some reflector positions in the K mirror are carried out translation, the function of slit scan can be dissolved in the K mirror despinner, and whole as the K mirror, the function of its optics racemization is not affected.

The present invention adopts better simply method to realize the integrated of the optics racemization of helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan function, it is minimum that the optical device use amount reaches, compact conformation, it is little to take up room, the control relation is simple, can guarantee to the full extent the system optics performance, discharge the instrument space, novelty and practicality are obvious.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: for the optics racemization of flat rack construction helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan mechanism are separate traditionally, the use optical component is more, larger on the optical system imaging quality impact, and it is large to take up room, the problems such as control system complexity, propose a kind of optics racemization based on the helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan integrated apparatus, attempt with minimum optical component, the compactest optical texture, the simplest control program etc. realizes the function of optics racemization and slit scan simultaneously.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical matters employing is: a kind of optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on the helioscope grating spectrograph, and this device comprises: helioscope, K1 plane mirror, K2 plane mirror, K3 plane mirror, electronic control translation stage, automatically controlled universal stage, grating spectrograph slit, grating spectrograph, photodetector, controller and data are processed and the control computing machine; K1 plane mirror, K2 plane mirror and K3 plane mirror form the K mirror, and by automatically controlled universal stage control K mirror integral-rotation, realize the purpose of optics racemization; After electronic control translation stage is installed on the K1 plane mirror, be used for control K1 plane mirror along one party to translation; After moving, the K1 plane mirror that electronic control translation stage is installed to change the relative position of hot spot and grating spectrograph slit on the helioscope system focal plane, thereby realize that grating spectrograph carries out high spectral resolution power scanning imagery to the full field range of helioscope active region, and utilize the scanning imagery result of photodetectors register corresponding wavelength.In whole scanning process, the data processing that computing machine is mainly finished the scanning imagery data that photodetector is gathered is processed and controlled to data, and according to the speed of respective optical racemization and slit scan and size control controller, and the final control that realizes automatically controlled universal stage and electronic control translation stage;

This grating spectrograph slit is positioned on the helioscope system focal plane, because helioscope is in following the tracks of the active region process, picture on the helioscope system focus constantly rotates variation, therefore, spectrum observation a certain behaviour area on the sun carried out spectral scan observation or when need to carry out the exposure of long period, need to adopt the way of optics racemization that the image planes rotation is eliminated, picture revolves size and represents with parallactic angle p that usually the position of parallactic angle and pace of change are shown in formula (1) and formula (2):

$\tan p=\frac{\sin t}{\tan \mathrm{\φ}\cos \mathrm{\δ}-\sin \mathrm{\δ}\cos t}---\left(1\right)$

$\frac{\mathrm{dp}}{\mathrm{dt}}=-\frac{\cos \mathrm{\φ}\cos A}{\sin Z}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, A and Z represent respectively position angle and the zenith distance of active region, and Φ is the geographic latitude at helioscope place, and δ and t are respectively declination and the hour angle that is observed the behaviour area;

K mirror acting as in coordinate transform and image planes rotation:

A'=S ^-1R _kSA (3)

Wherein, S is the transformation matrix of coordinates of K mirror, R _kBe the acting matrix of K mirror, A is the incident beam vector, and A ' is through outgoing beam vector behind the K mirror;

If incident beam vector A has rotation angle θ, so for so that image planes do not rotate i.e. A '=[0,0,1] ^T, behind the substitution formula (3), can obtain the integrally rotated angle of K mirror is θ/2, that is to say, after the K mirror rotates with 1/2 rotating speed of incident light rotation angle, can realize the racemization to image planes;

On the K mirror optics racemization basis shown in formula (1) ~ (3), behind the K1 of K mirror plane mirror, increase motorized precision translation stage, can realize different visual field scannings along elevation axis direction rectilinear translation K1 plane mirror, particularly:

If the helioscope bore is D, helioscope system focus place equivalence F number is F, and helioscope observes full visual field (FOV) be Ψ, and image planes size in helioscope system focus place is d, and then image planes size d satisfies following relation:

d＝F×D×tan(Ψ)×F×D×Ψ (4)

The incident angle on K1, K2, the K3 is respectively θ in the K mirror if the visual field, center is incided ₁, θ ₂And θ ₃Angle between this incident angle digital reflex mirror and the incident light, and certain satisfied can making through the emergent light after the K mirror along the elevation axis direction between them, according to above analysis, because the K1 plane mirror does not change beam-pointing along the translation of elevation axis direction, namely pass through in the K mirror after any one mirror reflects, the light beam before and after the translation is parallel; Because it is θ that incident light enters the incident angle of K3 plane mirror ₃, according to simple geometric optical theory, its emergence angle also should be θ mutually ₃Angle between this emergence angle digital reflex mirror and the emergent light, intersect according to straight line and two parallel lines its etc. the plane geometry principle that equates of parallactic angle, the common triangle that forms of the incident ray of the emergent ray of plane mirror K1 translation frontal plane catoptron K3, plane mirror K1 translation back plane catoptron K3 and the reflecting surface of plane mirror K3 is isosceles triangle, and two the waist length corresponding with plane mirror K3 are d _K1, corresponding interior angle is θ ₃, accordingly, can extrapolate image planes position under the Universal Conditions along the translational movement △ d of slit vertical direction and K1 plane mirror along elevation axis direction translational movement d _K1Between quantitative relationship, be shown below:

Δd=d _k1×cos(180°-2θ ₃-90°)=d _k1×sin(2θ ₃) (5)

In conjunction with the size of the helioscope image planes shown in the formula (4), can obtain the size of the up and down scope of K1 plane mirror, be shown below:

$-\frac{d}{2}\≤\mathrm{\Δd}\≤\frac{d}{2}\⇒-\frac{\mathrm{FD\ψ}}{2\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)}\≤d_{k1}\≤\frac{\mathrm{FD\ψ}}{2\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)}---\left(6\right)$

If the image plane scanning speed that needs is v, then the rising or falling speed v of corresponding K1 plane mirror _K1For:

$v=\frac{d\left\{\mathrm{\Δd}\right\}}{\mathrm{dt}}=\frac{d\left\{d_{k1}\right\}}{\mathrm{dt}}\×\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)=v_{k1}\×\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)\⇒v_{k1}=\frac{v}{\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)}---\left(7\right)$

It is pointed out that the K1 plane mirror is along the make progress equivalent distances d of translation of elevation axis _K1Refer to after the K1 translation the front distance in visual field and the relative translation of K1 plane mirror contact point on the axle, if electronic control translation stage control K1 plane mirror is along certain irregular direction translational, here need at first to calculate its along the elevation angle axial translatory distance, then according to formula (5) ~ (7) calculate image plane scanning distance, sweep limit and scanning element etc. parameter.

Wherein, establish three sub-mirror spacing of K mirror and be L, and form the triangle interior angle and be made as 60 °, namely form equilateral triangle; When K mirror K1 plane mirror is d along the elevation axis translation distance that makes progress _K1, this moment, the position was designated as K1 ', and the distance of corresponding same field rays translation also should be d mutually _K1, and sensing does not change; The outgoing of K3 plane mirror, incident ray and K3 plane mirror reflecting surface are common before and after the translation of K1 plane mirror forms an isosceles triangle, and corresponding waist length is d _K1And the reflecting surface tangent line of K1 ~ K3 plane mirror forms an isoceles triangle shape, according to geometrical principle as can be known before and after the translation of K1 plane mirror K3 plane mirror incident and emergent ray angle be 120 °, accordingly, can calculate that the K1 plane mirror is before and after translation, image planes position translation amount △ d is shown below:

Wherein, described grating spectrograph refers to that the structure of not refering in particular to a certain spectrometer is as long as it satisfies the fundamental of grating spectrograph through forming the instrument of certain spectral resolution behind the slit.

Wherein, described electronic control translation stage can be controlled in the K mirror K1 plane mirror along the elevation axis direction translational, also can control in the K mirror K3 plane mirror along the elevation axis direction translational, as long as realize full-field scanning function to slit by some reflector positions in the translation K mirror.

Wherein, describedly realize function to the grating spectrograph slit scan by a certain reflector position in the electronic control translation stage translation K mirror, the translation of a certain catoptron in the described K mirror, do not refer in particular to this catoptron translation direction truly along the elevation axis direction translational, and refer to its along the elevation angle axial equivalent translatory distance, as long as realize full-field scanning function to slit by a certain catoptron in the translation K mirror.

Wherein, described optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus, be not only applicable to helioscope, so long as be applied to altazimuth telescope and grating spectrograph thereof, and optics racemization or similar get final product identical with the integrated apparatus structure with the slit scan structure of adopting.

Wherein, described controller, its basic function is that the control of finishing electronic control translation stage and automatically controlled universal stage is carried out, it can be an individual devices, also can be to process with the control computing machine with data to combine together.

Wherein, described integrated apparatus refers on the structure optics racemization and slit scan be combined together, can carry out simultaneously during practical operation, perhaps can timesharing carry out, as long as structurally the two is combined together.

Principle of the present invention is: present most of helioscope adopts altitude azimuth form rack construction, and this is because its unique mechanics superiority.But this structure causes the Image rotation problem in the tracking target process, needs to be equipped with special image field despin mechanism.On the other hand, grating spectrograph is the requisite important instrument of helioscope, and it can provide the active region imaging results of high light spectrum resolving power.But it need to be equipped with special slit scan device, obtains the three-dimensional information of active region.The present invention is based on above background, propose a kind of optics racemization based on the helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan integrated apparatus, can finish simultaneously optics racemization and slit scan function to grating spectrograph.The present invention is simple in structure, and it is little to take up room, and optical mirror plane is few, and novelty and practical is significant to optics racemization and the slit scan control of helioscope grating spectrograph.

Proposition technology of the present invention has following advantage:

(1) optics racemization and the slit scan integrated apparatus based on the helioscope grating spectrograph of this patent proposition, on the basis of traditional K mirror optics racemization structure, do not increase any optical element, realized the grating spectrograph slit scan, reduced to greatest extent the adverse effect that the use of optical surface brings to the system imaging quality.

(2). optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on the helioscope grating spectrograph that this patent proposes, combine optics racemization and slit scan together, so that more compact structure.

(3). optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on the helioscope grating spectrograph that this patent proposes, under the prerequisite that does not increase optics despun control difficulty, only just can realize slit scan to grating spectrograph by the translation that changes a catoptron, and the control relation is linear corresponding relation, control algolithm is simple, is easy to realize.

(4). optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on the helioscope grating spectrograph that this this patent proposes, optics racemization function and slit scan function are incorporated into one, both can operate simultaneously, also can time-sharing operation, be convenient to integrated control and enforcement.

In a word, optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on the helioscope grating spectrograph that the present invention proposes, in the complicacy that does not increase the racemization of traditional K mirror optics, only just can realize the integrated of optics racemization and slit scan by increasing an electronic control translation stage, it is simple in structure, and optical mirror plane uses few, is easy to control, be convenient to integrated operation, novelty and practicality are obvious.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is single slit scanning-free spectrum imaging synoptic diagram;

Fig. 2 obtains continuous spectrum three-dimensional imaging data synoptic diagram for slit is carried out behind the full-field scanning;

Fig. 3 is based on the optics racemization of helioscope grating spectrograph and slit scan integrated apparatus;

Fig. 4 is slit scan principle schematic (K1, K2 and K3 form equilateral triangle);

Fig. 5 is slit scan principle schematic (K1, K2 and K3 are arbitrary triangle).

Embodiment

Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment.

Based on optics racemization and the slit scan integrated apparatus of helioscope grating spectrograph, comprise that helioscope 1, K1 plane mirror 2, K2 plane mirror 3, K3 plane mirror 4, electronic control translation stage 5, automatically controlled universal stage 6, grating spectrograph slit 7, grating spectrograph 8, photodetector 9, controller 10 and data are processed and control computing machine 11.Grating spectrograph slit 7 is positioned on the helioscope Coude focal plane, because telescope is in following the tracks of the active region process, picture on the Coude focus constantly rotates variation, therefore, a certain behaviour area on the sun is being carried out spectral scan observation or when spectrum observation need to carry out the exposure of long period, needing to adopt the way of optics racemization that the image planes rotation is eliminated.Picture revolves size and represents with parallactic angle p that usually the position of parallactic angle and pace of change are shown in formula (1) and formula (2):

$\tan p=\frac{\sin t}{\tan \mathrm{\φ}\cos \mathrm{\δ}-\sin \mathrm{\δ}\cos t}---\left(1\right)$

$\frac{\mathrm{dp}}{\mathrm{dt}}=-\frac{\cos \mathrm{\φ}\cos A}{\sin Z}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, A and Z represent respectively position angle and the zenith distance of active region, and Φ is the geographic latitude at helioscope place, and δ and t are respectively declination and the hour angle that is observed the behaviour area.

According to former achievements (Cheng Jingquan, the astronomical telescope theory and design, China Science Tech Publishing House, Beijing), the effect of K mirror (comprising K1 plane mirror 2, K2 plane mirror 3, K3 plane mirror 4) in coordinate transform and image planes rotation can be written as:

A'=S ^-1R _kSA (3)

Wherein, S is the transformation matrix of coordinates of K mirror, R _kBe the acting matrix of K mirror, A is the incident beam vector, and A ' is through outgoing beam vector behind the K mirror.

According to former achievements (Cheng Jingquan, astronomical telescope theory and design, China Science Tech Publishing House, Beijing), if incident beam vector A has rotation angle θ, so for so that image planes do not rotate i.e. A '=[0,0,1] ^T, behind the substitution formula (3), can obtain the integrally rotated angle of K mirror is θ/2.That is to say, after the K mirror rotates with 1/2 rotating speed of incident light rotation angle, can realize the racemization to image planes.

The present invention increases motorized precision translation stage behind the K1 of K mirror plane mirror on the K mirror optics racemization basis shown in formula (1) ~ (3), can along elevation axis direction rectilinear translation K1 plane mirror, can realize different visual field scannings.

The large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS as shown in Figure 3, if the helioscope bore is D, Coude (helioscope system) focus place equivalence F number is F, helioscope observes full visual field (FOV) be Ψ, Coude focus place image planes size is d, and then image planes size d satisfies following relation:

d＝F×D×tan(Ψ)×F×D×Ψ (4)

For general situation, the center visual field of establishing incides that the incident angle on K1, K2, the K3 is respectively θ in the K mirror ₁, θ ₂And θ ₃(angle between digital reflex mirror and the incident light here), and certain satisfied can making through the emergent light after the K mirror along the elevation axis direction between them.According to above analysis, because the K1 plane mirror do not change beam-pointing along the translation of elevation axis direction, namely as a result in the K mirror after any one mirror reflects, the light beam before and after the translation is parallel.As shown in Figure 5, because the incident angle that incident light enters the K3 plane mirror is θ ₃, according to simple geometric optical theory, its emergence angle (angle between digital reflex mirror and the emergent light here) also should be θ mutually ₃Intersect according to straight line and two parallel lines its etc. the plane geometry principle that equates of parallactic angle, △ ABC is an isosceles triangle, the length of two waist AC and BC is d _K1, corresponding interior angle is θ ₃, accordingly, can extrapolate image planes position under the Universal Conditions along the translational movement △ d of slit vertical direction and K1 plane mirror along elevation axis direction translational movement d _K1Between quantitative relationship, be shown below:

Δd=d _k1×cos(180°-2θ ₃-90°)=d _k1×sin(2θ ₃) (5)

In conjunction with the size of the helioscope image planes shown in the formula (4), can obtain the size of the up and down scope of K1 plane mirror, be shown below:

$-\frac{d}{2}\≤\mathrm{\Δd}\≤\frac{d}{2}\⇒-\frac{\mathrm{FD\ψ}}{2\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)}\≤d_{k1}\≤\frac{\mathrm{FD\ψ}}{2\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)}---\left(6\right)$

If the image plane scanning speed that needs is v, then the rising or falling speed v of corresponding K1 plane mirror _K1For:

$v=\frac{d\left\{\mathrm{\Δd}\right\}}{\mathrm{dt}}=\frac{d\left\{d_{k1}\right\}}{\mathrm{dt}}\×\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)=v_{k1}\×\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)\⇒v_{k1}=\frac{v}{\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)}---\left(7\right)$

It is pointed out that the K1 plane mirror is along the make progress equivalent distances d of translation of elevation axis _K1Refer to after the translation of K1 plane mirror the front distance in visual field and the relative translation of K1 plane mirror contact point on the axle, if electronic control translation stage control K1 plane mirror is along certain irregular direction translational, here need at first to calculate its along the elevation angle axial translatory distance, then according to formula (6) ~ (8) calculate image plane scanning distance, sweep limit and scanning element etc. parameter.

Special, as shown in Figure 4, establishing three sub-mirrors of K mirror (K1 plane mirror 2, K2 plane mirror 3, K3 plane mirror 4) spacing is L, and forms the triangle interior angle and be made as 60 °, namely forms equilateral triangle.When K mirror K1 plane mirror is d along the elevation axis translation equivalent distances that makes progress _K1, translation is position shown in the K1 ' to Fig. 4, and the distance of corresponding same field rays (solid line is with shown in the dotted line among the figure) translation also should be d mutually _K1, and sensing does not change.In like manner, the transmission course from the K2 plane mirror to the K3 plane mirror, because electronic control translation stage control K1 plane mirror is upper the generation before and after the translation vertically, its beam-pointing does not change, therefore the distance that vertically goes up between the same field light beam does not change, i.e. AC=d _K1Because K1 ~ K3 forms an equilateral triangle, according to simple plane geometry principle, can obtain △ ABC is an isosceles triangle take C as the summit, and two exterior angles corresponding with summit C are 120 °, accordingly, can calculate the K1 plane mirror before and after translation, image planes position translation amount △ d is shown below:

The above; it only is the specific embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; anyly be familiar with the people of this technology in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention; the replacement that is understood that or increase and decrease; all should be encompassed in of the present invention comprising within the scope, therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.

Claims (8)

1. optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on a helioscope grating spectrograph, it is characterized in that: this device comprises: helioscope (1), K1 plane mirror (2), K2 plane mirror (3), K3 plane mirror (4), electronic control translation stage (5), automatically controlled universal stage (6), grating spectrograph slit (7), grating spectrograph (8), photodetector (9), controller (10) and data are processed and control computing machine (11); K1 plane mirror (2), K2 plane mirror (3) and K3 plane mirror (4) form the K mirror, and by automatically controlled universal stage (6) control K mirror integral-rotation, realize the purpose of optics racemization; After electronic control translation stage (5) is installed on K1 plane mirror (2), be used for control K1 plane mirror (2) along one party to translation; The relative position that the K1 plane mirror (2) of electronic control translation stage (5) will change hot spot and grating spectrograph slit (7) on the helioscope system focal plane after mobile is installed, thereby realize that grating spectrograph (8) carries out high spectral resolution power scanning imagery to the full field range of helioscope active region, and utilize photodetector (9) to record the scanning imagery result of corresponding wavelength, in whole scanning process, the data processing that computing machine (11) is mainly finished the scanning imagery data that photodetector (9) is gathered is processed and controlled to data, and according to the speed of respective optical racemization and slit scan and size control controller (10), and the final control that realizes automatically controlled universal stage (6) and electronic control translation stage (5);

This grating spectrograph slit (7) is positioned on the helioscope system focal plane, because helioscope is in following the tracks of the active region process, picture on the helioscope system focus constantly rotates variation, therefore, spectrum observation a certain behaviour area on the sun carried out spectral scan observation or when need to carry out the exposure of long period, need to adopt the way of optics racemization that the image planes rotation is eliminated, picture revolves size and represents with parallactic angle p that usually the position of parallactic angle and pace of change are shown in formula (1) and formula (2):

$\tan p=\frac{\sin t}{\tan \mathrm{\φ}\cos \mathrm{\δ}-\sin \mathrm{\δ}\cos t}---\left(1\right)$

$\frac{\mathrm{dp}}{\mathrm{dt}}=-\frac{\cos \mathrm{\φ}\cos A}{\sin Z}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, A and Z represent respectively position angle and the zenith distance of active region, and Φ is the geographic latitude at helioscope place, and δ and t are respectively declination and the hour angle that is observed the behaviour area;

K mirror acting as in coordinate transform and image planes rotation:

A′＝S ^-1R _kSA (3)

Wherein, S is the transformation matrix of coordinates of K mirror, R _kBe the acting matrix of K mirror, A is the incident beam vector, and A ' is through outgoing beam vector behind the K mirror;

If incident beam vector A has rotation angle θ, so for so that image planes do not rotate i.e. A '=[0,0,1] ^T, behind the substitution formula (3), can obtain the integrally rotated angle of K mirror is θ/2, that is to say, after the K mirror rotates with 1/2 rotating speed of incident light rotation angle, can realize the racemization to image planes;

On the K mirror optics racemization basis shown in formula (1) ~ (3), behind the K1 of K mirror plane mirror, increase motorized precision translation stage, can realize different visual field scannings along elevation axis direction rectilinear translation K1 plane mirror, particularly:

If the helioscope bore is D, helioscope system focus place equivalence F number is F, and helioscope observes full visual field (FOV) be Ψ, and image planes size in helioscope system focus place is d, and then image planes size d satisfies following relation:

d＝F×D×tan(Ψ)×F×D×Ψ (4)

The incident angle on K1, K2, the K3 is respectively θ in the K mirror if the visual field, center is incided ₁, θ ₂And θ ₃Angle between this incident angle digital reflex mirror and the incident light, and certain satisfied can making through the emergent light after the K mirror along the elevation axis direction between them, according to above analysis, because the K1 plane mirror is along the translation of elevation axis direction, its minute surface inclination angle does not change, so it does not change beam-pointing, namely pass through in the K mirror after any one mirror reflects, the light beam before and after the translation is parallel; Because it is θ that incident light enters the incident angle of K3 plane mirror ₃, according to simple geometric optical theory, its emergence angle also should be θ mutually ₃Angle between this emergence angle digital reflex mirror and the emergent light, intersect according to straight line and two parallel lines its etc. the plane geometry principle that equates of parallactic angle, the common triangle that forms of the incident ray of the emergent ray of plane mirror K1 translation frontal plane catoptron K3, plane mirror K1 translation back plane catoptron K3 and the reflecting surface of plane mirror K3 is isosceles triangle, and two the waist length corresponding with plane mirror K3 are d _K1, corresponding interior angle is θ ₃, accordingly, can extrapolate image planes position under the Universal Conditions along the translational movement △ d of slit vertical direction and K1 plane mirror along elevation axis direction translational movement d _K1Between quantitative relationship, be shown below:

Δd=d _k1×cos(180°-2θ ₃-90°)＝d _k1×sin(2θ ₃) (5)

In conjunction with the size of the helioscope image planes shown in the formula (4), can obtain the size of the up and down scope of K1 plane mirror, be shown below:

$-\frac{d}{2}\≤\mathrm{\Δd}\≤\frac{d}{2}\⇒-\frac{\mathrm{FD\ψ}}{2\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)}\≤d_{k1}\≤\frac{\mathrm{FD\ψ}}{2\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)}---\left(6\right)$

If the image plane scanning speed that needs is v, then the rising or falling speed v of corresponding K1 plane mirror _K1For

$v=\frac{d\left\{\mathrm{\Δd}\right\}}{\mathrm{dt}}=\frac{d\left\{d_{k1}\right\}}{\mathrm{dt}}\×\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)=v_{k1}\×\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)\⇒v_{k1}=\frac{v}{\sin \left({2\mathrm{\θ}}_3\right)}---\left(7\right)$

It is pointed out that the K1 plane mirror is along the make progress equivalent distances d of translation of elevation axis _K1Refer to after the K1 translation the front distance in visual field and the relative translation of K1 plane mirror contact point on the axle, if electronic control translation stage control K1 plane mirror is along certain irregular direction translational, here need at first to calculate its along the elevation angle axial translatory distance, then according to formula (5) ~ (7) calculate image plane scanning distance, sweep limit and scanning element etc. parameter.

2. optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on the helioscope grating spectrograph according to claim 1 is characterized in that: establish three sub-mirror spacing of K mirror and be L, and form the triangle interior angle and be made as 60 °, namely form equilateral triangle; When K mirror K1 plane mirror is d along the elevation axis translation distance that makes progress _K1, this moment, the position was designated as K1 ', and the distance of corresponding same field rays translation also should be d mutually _K1, and sensing does not change; According to claim 1, before and after the description, the translation of K1 plane mirror the outgoing of K3 plane mirror, incident ray and K3 plane mirror reflecting surface are common forms an isosceles triangle, and corresponding waist length is d _K1And the reflecting surface tangent line of K1 ~ K3 plane mirror forms an isoceles triangle shape, according to geometrical principle as can be known before and after the translation of K1 plane mirror K3 plane mirror incident and emergent ray angle be 120 °, accordingly, can calculate that the K1 plane mirror is before and after translation, image planes position translation amount △ d is shown below:

3. optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on the helioscope grating spectrograph according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described grating spectrograph refers to through forming the instrument of certain spectral resolution behind the slit, do not refer in particular to the structure of a certain spectrometer, as long as it satisfies the fundamental of grating spectrograph.

4. optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on the helioscope grating spectrograph according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described electronic control translation stage can be controlled in the K mirror K1 plane mirror along the elevation axis direction translational, also can control in the K mirror K3 plane mirror along the elevation axis direction translational, as long as realize full-field scanning function to slit by some reflector positions in the translation K mirror.

5. according to claim 1 or optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on the helioscope grating spectrograph claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: describedly realize function to the grating spectrograph slit scan by a certain reflector position in the electronic control translation stage translation K mirror, the translation of a certain catoptron in the described K mirror, do not refer in particular to this catoptron translation direction truly along the elevation axis direction translational, and refer to its along the elevation angle axial equivalent translatory distance, as long as realize full-field scanning function to slit by a certain catoptron in the translation K mirror.

6. optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on the helioscope grating spectrograph according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus, be not only applicable to helioscope, so long as be applied to altazimuth telescope and grating spectrograph thereof, and the optics racemization and integrated apparatus structure identical or similar get final product of slit scan structure with its claim 1 adopted.

7. optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on the helioscope grating spectrograph according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described controller, its basic function is that the control of finishing electronic control translation stage and automatically controlled universal stage is carried out, it can be an individual devices, also can be to process with the control computing machine with data to combine together.

8. optics racemization and slit scan integrated apparatus based on the helioscope grating spectrograph according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described integrated apparatus, refer on the structure optics racemization and slit scan be combined together, can carry out simultaneously during practical operation, perhaps can timesharing carry out, as long as structurally the two is combined together.

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