CN103016525B - Constant current biased radial-axial magnetic bearing - Google Patents
Constant current biased radial-axial magnetic bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN103016525B CN103016525B CN201210552633.4A CN201210552633A CN103016525B CN 103016525 B CN103016525 B CN 103016525B CN 201210552633 A CN201210552633 A CN 201210552633A CN 103016525 B CN103016525 B CN 103016525B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a constant current biased radial-axial magnetic bearing. The magnetic bearing comprises a rotating shaft, a rotor and a stator core which are mounted coaxially, wherein the stator core is formed by connection of two identical disks, an outer ring, an inner ring, two identical small rings and three stator core magnetic poles; the outer wall of the inner ring is tightly sleeved with a peripheral magnet-isolating aluminum ring; an internal magnet-isolating aluminum sheet is embedded in the axial middle inside each stator core magnetic pole; an axial control coil connected with a power amplifier is arranged between the peripheral magnet-isolating aluminum ring and the outer ring; a radial control coil is wound on each stator core magnetic pole, and three radial control coils are connected to a three-phase AC power inverter after star connection; a constant current biased coil is arranged in each of two axial cavity formed by the disks, the inner ring and the three stator core magnetic poles; and the two constant current biased coils are connected in series and then connected with the constant current. The magnetic bearing is good in heat dissipation, low in cost, small in power consumption and large in bearing force.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of on-mechanical contact magnetic suspension bearing, refer in particular to a kind of constant-current source bias footpath-axial magnetic bearing, can be used as the contactless suspension bearing of rotary component in the machinery such as suspension of five-freedom degree magnetic high-speed machine tool electro spindle, bearing-free motor, flywheel energy storage system, turbomolecular pump and the astrovehicle such as satellite, space station.
Background technique
Magnetic suspension bearing (magnetic bearing) utilizes magnetic force by rotor suspension in space, makes itself and stator not have the novel block bearing of the one of Mechanical Contact, has without friction, without wearing and tearing, without the need to lubrication and sealing, the advantages such as high speed, highi degree of accuracy and life-span are long.Magnetic bearing, according to magnetic force presentation mode, can be divided into passive magnetic bearing, active magnetic bearings and permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing.Constant-current source bias magnetic bearing is in conjunction with the field controllable of active magnetic bearings and permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing advantage low in energy consumption, a kind of low cost, low power consumption and the New Magnetic Field Controlled bearing of high controllability, it provides bias magnetic field by the [constant of an Independent adjustable, the mode that the bias magnetic field that instead of in active magnetic bearings needs the bias magnetic field in power amplifier generation and permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing to be produced by permanent magnet.
At present, the dependency structure about constant-current source bias magnetic bearing only relates to independent constant-current source bias radial direction magnetic bearing (inner rotor core) and independent constant-current source bias axial magnetic bearing (outer-rotor structure).Wherein, structure about constant-current source bias radial direction magnetic bearing has two kinds: one is China Patent Publication No. is CN101311571, name is called the constant-current source bias radial direction magnetic bearing of the ends of the earth structure that " constant-current source bias magnetic suspension bearing " proposes, magnetic pole of the stator is set with bias coil and control coil simultaneously, all bias coils are all cascaded, control coil series connection in each degrees of freedom or the connection mode of parallel connection link together, the magnetic bearing one degree of freedom of this structure adopt two amplidynes (one independently power amplifier make bias coil provide biased magnetic flux by constant electric current, one independently power amplifier make control coil by constant electric current provide control magnetic flux).Because amplidyne price is high, volume is large, and therefore greatly limit the application of magnetic bearing, and power consumption is high, power amplifier cost is larger.And in this structure magnetic bearing, need a special power amplifier to provide bias current for bias coil, thus produce biased magnetic flux, the power amplifier namely for bias current work will work, and therefore more adds its power consumption and cost always.Another kind is that paper name is called " constant-current source bias three-phase magnetic suspension bearing ", author is Luo Jianzhao, Xu Longxiang, publishing periodical is " machine science and technology ", publication date is (29 volumes in 2010,2nd phase) the constant-current source bias radial direction magnetic bearing of sextupole structure that proposes, this magnetic bearing adopts general three-phase AC power inverter power supply, the power section of magnetic suspension system is made to have versatility, compared to amplidyne, there is power consumption obviously reduce, and the advantage that the cost of power amplifier can greatly reduce.But because this structure magnetic bearing is six level structures, the space being therefore wound around control coil and bias coil is less, and thermal diffusivity is poor, and radial bearing capacity is restricted.
In addition, one is only had about the structure of constant-current source bias axial magnetic bearing at present: the constant-current source bias axial magnetic bearing that Chinese Patent Application No. is 201210247525.6, name is called the external rotor that " a kind of constant-current source bias outer roller axial magnetic bearing " proposes.Because internal rotor magnetic bearing and external rotor magnetic bearing play the advantage of oneself uniqueness in different fields, therefore have the occasion of particular/special requirement at some, external rotor magnetic bearing can not substitute internal rotor magnetic bearing.And arbitrary stable rotary system all needs to impose restriction on its five degree of freedom, as adopted two independent radial direction magnetic bearings and an axial magnetic bearing to form five-degree magnetic suspension supporting system, require that the magnetic bearing that adopts has the advantages that to need type consistent, therefore this structure constant-current source bias outer roller axial magnetic bearing can not form a complete five-degree magnetic suspension supporting system with the constant-current source bias inner rotor radial magnetic bearing realized (above-mentioned two kinds).
Consider when the five-degree magnetic suspension supporting system that structure one is stable, according to the compound mode of two independent radial direction magnetic bearings and an axial magnetic bearing, because radial direction magnetic bearing and axial magnetic bearing all will take larger axial space, the electric machine main shaft axial length that magnetic bearing can be caused to support is longer, and volume is larger.Meanwhile, rotor critical speed also can be caused to decline, and motor or all kinds of rotary main shaft are restricted to higher rotating speed and power development.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for overcoming constant-current source bias radial direction magnetic bearing in prior art, constant-current source bias axial magnetic bearing deficiency separately, and both deficiencies of combinationally using, a kind of constant-current source bias footpath-axial magnetic bearing is proposed, constant-current source bias radial direction magnetic bearing and constant-current source bias axial magnetic bearing are integrated in one, reduce the cost of magnetic bearing, decrease the power consumption of magnetic bearing.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: comprise coaxial mounted rotating shaft, rotor and the stator core be connected into by the disk identical with coaxial two of rotating shaft, cylindrical ring body, interior cirque body, two identical roundlet ring bodies and three stator core magnetic poles, stator core inner sleeve has rotor, and rotor fixed cover is in rotating shaft, a cylindrical ring body and an interior cirque body is fixedly connected with between the axial direction of two identical disks, the external diameter of cylindrical ring body is equal with disk, the roundlet ring body that in interior cirque body, empty set two internal diameters two equal with disk internal diameter are identical, two identical roundlet ring bodies are fixedly connected on disk corresponding end-faces respectively Face to face, interior toric inwall is radially extended with the uniform stator core magnetic pole of three circumferencial directions to axle center place, two identical roundlet ring bodies in the axial direction in the face of the end face of rotor and and leave axial air-gap between rotor end-face, each described stator core magnetic pole all and between rotor outer wall leaves radial air gap diametrically, interior cirque body outer wall is closely socketed an outer enclosure magnetic aluminium ring, the axial middle of each described stator core magnetic pole inside is all embedded with an internal partition magnetic aluminium flake, the outer rim close contact of internal partition magnetic aluminium flake is on outer enclosure magnetic aluminium ring inwall, and the inner edge radius of internal partition magnetic aluminium flake is identical with the internal diameter of described stator core magnetic pole, arrange axial control coil between enclosure magnetic aluminium ring and cylindrical ring body outside, axial control coil connects power amplifier, each coiling radial control coil on each described stator core magnetic pole, connects three-phase AC power inverter after three described radial control coil y connections, the constant-current source bias coil of an adjacent inner circle inner wall of ring body is respectively set in axially two cavitys of disk, interior cirque body and three stator core magnetic pole formations, [constant is connected after two described constant-current source bias coils connected in series.
The present invention's beneficial effect is compared with prior art:
1, current constant-current source bias magnetic bearing, need a special power amplifier to provide bias current for bias coil, thus produce biased magnetic flux, the power amplifier namely for bias current work will work always, causes its power consumption and cost relatively high.And the present invention directly by [constant for bias coil provides bias current, save a power amplifier, thus substantially reduce volume and the cost of power amplification circuit, significantly reduce the power consumption of power amplifier, simplify drived control method, improve the working efficiency of magnetic bearing.
2, the present invention integrates the axis of constant-current source bias magnetic bearing and radial function, decrease the axial length of magnetic bearing, greatly reduce volume and the cost of magnetic bearing system, meet little, the lightweight object of volume required by the astrovehicle such as satellite, space station, the critical speed of rotation of system can also be made to be further enhanced.
3, radial component of the present invention adopts three-phase AC power Driven by inverter and control technique, the radial component of magnetic bearing only can be driven completely with 1 three-phase AC power inverter, thus volume and the cost of power amplification circuit is substantially reduced, significantly reduce the power consumption of power amplifier, simplify drived control method, improve the working efficiency of magnetic bearing.Combine again three-stage structure magnetic bearing, there is the advantage that coil winding space is large, thermal diffusivity good and bearing capacity is large, therefore combine the advantage of existing constant-current source bias radial direction magnetic bearing, be that a kind of thermal diffusivity is good, cost is low, power consumption is little and the magnetic bearing that bearing capacity is large.
4, the present invention is in conjunction with constant-current source bias magnetic bearing bias magnetic field controllability inherently, compare active magnetic bearings and permanent magnet biased magnetic bearing, it is the New Magnetic Field Controlled bearing with more dominance energy, it is to the bearing capacity improving magnetic bearing, realize bearing capacity adjustability and reduce system power dissipation, reducing cost etc. and there is far reaching significance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of axial cross section of constant-current source bias footpath-axial magnetic bearing of the present invention, the wiring of coil and flux circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that the D-D of Fig. 1 is to sectional view and the connection diagram with three-phase AC power inverter;
Fig. 3 is the plan view of stator core in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 be in Fig. 3 B-B to sectional view;
In figure: 1. axial control coil; 2. stator core; 21,22,23. stator core magnetic poles; 24. disks; 25. cylindrical ring bodies; Cirque body in 26.; 27. roundlet ring bodies; 31,32. constant-current source bias coils; 41,42,43. radial control coils; 5. rotor; 6. rotating shaft; 7. outer enclosure magnetic aluminium ring; 8. internal partition magnetic aluminium flake; 9. radial air gap; 10. axial air-gap; 11. constant-current source bias magnetic fluxs; 12. radial control magnetic fluxs; 13. axially control magnetic flux; 14. cross recessed countersunk head sscrews; 15. [constants; 16. power amplifiers; 17. three-phase AC power inverters.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the present invention is internal rotor magnetic bearing structure, comprises coaxial mounted rotating shaft 6, rotor 5 and stator core 2.Stator core 2 is shells of magnetic bearing, be positioned at magnetic bearing outermost, the cross section of stator core 2 is the cylindrical of hollow, stator core 2 empty set is in rotating shaft 6, and inner sleeve rotor 5, rotor 5 is formed by circular silicon steel plate stacking, and the cross section of rotor 5 is the cylindrical of hollow, and rotor 5 fixed cover is in rotating shaft 6.Rotor 5 and stator core 2 all adopt silicon steel plate stacking to form, and guarantee that magnetic property is good, magnetic hysteresis is low, and reduces eddy current loss and hysteresis loss as far as possible.
As shown in Figure 3-4, stator core 2 is connected by the identical roundlet ring body 27 of two identical disk 24, cylindrical ring body 25, interior cirque body 26, two and three stator core magnetic poles 21,22,23 and forms.Two identical disks 24 are coaxial with rotating shaft 6, and between the axial direction of two identical disks 24, be fixedly connected with a cylindrical ring body 25 and an interior cirque body 26, the external diameter of cylindrical ring body 25 is equal with disk 24.The roundlet ring body 27 that in interior cirque body 26, empty set two is identical.Two identical roundlet ring bodies 27 are fixedly connected on two identical disk 24 corresponding end-faces respectively Face to face, and the internal diameter of the roundlet ring body 27 that the internal diameter of two identical disks 24 is all identical with two is equal.Two identical roundlet ring bodies 27 are in the axial direction in the face of the end face of rotor 5, and leave axial air-gap 10 between roundlet ring body 27 and rotor 5 end face, namely stator core 2 leaves axial air-gap 10 in the axial direction and between rotor 5 end face, and axial air-gap 10 length is in the axial direction 0.3-0.6mm.A disk 24 and a roundlet ring body 27 can be processed into one-piece parts, and adopt four cross recessed countersunk head sscrews 14 that cylindrical ring body 25 is fixedly connected with two one-piece parts, adopt four cross recessed countersunk head sscrews 14 that interior cirque body 26 is fixedly connected with two one-piece parts.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.What be connected to a fixed with interior cirque body 26 inwall is three identical stator core magnetic poles 21,22,23, interior cirque body 26 and three stator core magnetic poles 21,22,23 can be processed into one-piece parts.These three stator core magnetic poles 21,22,23 radially extend gained to axle center by the internal chamber wall of cirque body 26 interior in stator core 2, and be uniformly distributed along the circumferencial direction of stator core 2, the interval angles namely between every two stator core magnetic poles is 120 degree.Stator core magnetic pole 21,22,23 all and between the outer wall of rotor 5 leaves radial air gap 9 diametrically, and radial air gap 9 length is diametrically 0.3-0.6mm.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.The radial outer wall of interior cirque body 26 is closely socketed an outer enclosure magnetic aluminium ring 7 by interference fit, at each stator core magnetic pole 21, 22, 23 is inner, and an internal partition magnetic aluminium flake 8 is all embedded with in axial middle, the outer edge radius of internal partition magnetic aluminium flake 8 is identical with the internal diameter of outer enclosure magnetic aluminium ring 7, namely the outer rim close contact of internal partition magnetic aluminium flake 8 is on the inwall of outer enclosure magnetic aluminium ring 7, the inner edge radius of internal partition magnetic aluminium flake 8 and stator core magnetic pole 21, 22, the internal diameter of 23 is identical, namely internal partition magnetic aluminium flake 8 is at the inner edge of close rotor 5 and stator core magnetic pole 21, 22, 23 is concordant.Namely three internal partition magnetic aluminium flakes 8 be embedded in respectively corresponding in the one-piece parts that is processed into of cirque body 26 and three stator core magnetic poles 21,22,23, be divided into two-part of axially symmetry.In the cavity that enclosure magnetic aluminium ring 7 and cylindrical ring body 25 are formed outside, axial control coil 1 is set, on adjacent outer enclosure magnetic aluminium ring 7 outer wall of axial control coil 1.Each coiling radial control coil on each stator core magnetic pole 21,22,23, three radial control coils 41,42,43 identical.An identical constant-current source bias coil 31,32 is respectively set in axially two cavitys that the disk 24 of stator core 2, interior cirque body 26 and stator core magnetic pole 21,22,23 are formed, and on the inwall of adjacent interior cirque body 26.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, two constant-current source bias coils 31,32 produce four terminal, and connected by the connection mode of series connection, finally only have an input terminal, an outlet terminal, so latter two terminal are connected to two output terminals of [constant 15.An axial control coil 1 produces two terminal, an input terminal, an outlet terminal, and so latter two terminal are connected to two output terminals of power amplifier 16.Three radial control coils produce six terminal, will wherein be coupled together by y connection by three output terminals, and then three terminal are connected to three output terminals of three-phase AC power inverter 17 by final formation three input terminals.
As shown in Figure 1.The present invention by the constant-current source bias coils 31,32 of two mutual series connection simultaneously for the radial-axial of magnetic bearing provides the dotted line magnetic circuit with arrow in constant-current source bias magnetic flux 11(Fig. 1), constant-current source bias magnetic flux 11 through stator core magnetic pole 21,22,23, interior cirque body 26, disk 24, roundlet ring body 27, axial air-gap 10, rotor 5, then enter radial air gap 9, eventually pass the stator core magnetic pole 21,22,23 of radial stator iron core 2.The present invention adopts power amplifier 16(amplidyne) provide control electric current for axial control coil 1, cirque body 25 outside, disk 24, roundlet ring body 27, rotor 5, the magnetic loop (the dot and dash line magnetic circuit see with arrow in Fig. 1) axially controlling magnetic flux 13 is produced between axial air-gap 10 and opposite side disk 24, axially control magnetic flux 13 to synthesize at axial air-gap 10 place and constant-current source bias magnetic flux 11, the size in adjustment magnetic field, axial air-gap 10 place, just can so that adjusting axle to the size and Orientation of suspending power, overcome external disturbance or load, realize the stable suspersion of rotor.
As shown in Figure 2.The present invention passes to three-phase alternating current by the radial control coil 41,42,43 be mutually on three stator core magnetic poles 21,22,23 of 120 degree, there is provided radial and control magnetic flux 12, adopt 1 three-phase AC power inverter 17 drived control, stator core magnetic pole 21,22,23, the closed magnetic loop that formed between radial air gap 9 and rotor 5.The radial magnetic flux 12 that controls synthesizes at radial air gap 9 place and constant-current source bias magnetic flux 11, and the size in adjustment magnetic field, radial air gap 9 place just and then can regulate the size and Orientation of radial suspension force, overcomes external disturbance or load, realize the stable suspersion of rotor.When rotor produces skew due to load or outer disturbing force in either direction, principle is produced according to three phase alternating current motor magnetic field, the logical upper Ac of the radial control coil of three-phase 41,42,43 produces rotating magnetic field, form an one pole resultant flux, the constant-current source bias magnetic flux 11 making it to produce with [constant 15 is superimposed or weaken, thus overcome load and disturbance in each air gap place generation controllable magnetic suspension power, make rotor be in the neutral position of suspension all the time.
According to the above, just the present invention can be realized.To the other changes and modifications that those skilled in the art makes in the case of without departing from the spirit and scope of protection of the present invention, be still included within scope.
Claims (2)
1. constant-current source bias footpath-axial magnetic bearing, comprise coaxial mounted rotating shaft (6), rotor (5) and the stator core (2) be connected into by the disk (24) identical with coaxial two of rotating shaft (6), cylindrical ring body (25), interior cirque body (26), two identical roundlet ring bodies (27) and three stator core magnetic poles, stator core (2) inner sleeve has rotor (5), and rotor (5) fixed cover is in rotating shaft (6); A cylindrical ring body (25) and an interior cirque body (26) is fixedly connected with between the axial direction of two identical disks (24), the external diameter of cylindrical ring body (25) is equal with the external diameter of disk (24), two that interior cirque body (26) interior empty set two internal diameters are equal with disk (24) internal diameter identical roundlet ring bodies (27), two identical roundlet ring bodies (27) are fixedly connected on disk (24) corresponding end-faces respectively Face to face, the inwall of interior cirque body (26) is radially extended with the uniform stator core magnetic pole of three circumferencial directions to axle center place
It is characterized in that: two identical roundlet ring bodies (27) in the axial direction in the face of the end face of rotor (5) and and leave axial air-gap (10) between rotor (5) end face, each described stator core magnetic pole all and between rotor (5) outer wall leaves radial air gap (9) diametrically; Interior cirque body (26) outer wall is closely socketed outer enclosure magnetic aluminium ring (7), the axial middle of each described stator core magnetic pole inside is all embedded with an internal partition magnetic aluminium flake (8), the outer rim close contact of internal partition magnetic aluminium flake (8) is on outer enclosure magnetic aluminium ring (7) inwall, and the inner edge radius of internal partition magnetic aluminium flake (8) is identical with the internal diameter of described stator core magnetic pole; Arrange axial control coil (1) between enclosure magnetic aluminium ring (7) and cylindrical ring body (25) outside, axial control coil (1) connects power amplifier (16); Each coiling radial control coil on each described stator core magnetic pole, connects three-phase AC power inverter (17) after three described radial control coil y connections; The constant-current source bias coil of adjacent interior cirque body (26) inwall is respectively set in axially two cavitys of disk (24), interior cirque body (26) and three stator core magnetic pole formations; [constant (15) is connected after two described constant-current source bias coils connected in series.
2. a kind of constant-current source bias footpath-axial magnetic bearing according to claim 1, is characterized in that: axial air-gap (10) length is in the axial direction 0.3-0.6mm; Radial air gap (9) length is diametrically 0.3-0.6mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210552633.4A CN103016525B (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | Constant current biased radial-axial magnetic bearing |
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| CN201210552633.4A CN103016525B (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | Constant current biased radial-axial magnetic bearing |
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| CN103016525A CN103016525A (en) | 2013-04-03 |
| CN103016525B true CN103016525B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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| CN201210552633.4A Active CN103016525B (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | Constant current biased radial-axial magnetic bearing |
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| CN108649764B (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2020-06-02 | 淮阴工学院 | Three-degree-of-freedom bearingless permanent magnet motor with constant current source excitation |
| CN108809029A (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2018-11-13 | 淮阴工学院 | A kind of novel Three Degree Of Freedom bearing-free switch reluctance motor |
| CN111059148A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-24 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Axial magnetic suspension bearing, motor, compressor and air conditioner |
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| CN114810825B (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-05-30 | 清华大学 | Magnetic bearing, control method and device |
| CN114857170B (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2023-03-24 | 华中科技大学 | Axial magnetic bearing structure of magnetic suspension bearing |
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