CN103014574A - Preparation method of TC18 ultra-fine grain titanium alloy - Google Patents
Preparation method of TC18 ultra-fine grain titanium alloy Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a TC18 ultra-fine grain titanium alloy, belonging to the technical field of material science. The preparation method provided by the invention comprises the following steps of: firstly, carrying out solution treatment on a TC18 titanium alloy plate blank or rod blank at a temperature of Tbeta-20 to Tbeta+50 DEG C (Tbeta is an alloy beta phase inversion temperature); secondly, after presaging at a temperature of 650-750 DEG C, directly carrying out hot forging or hot rolling deformation, and cooling through water cooling; and finally, re-aging at a temperature of 520-620 DEG C, and cooling with air cooling, so as to prepare the TC18 ultra-fine grain titanium alloy. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple and convenient for operation; the TC18 ultra-fine grain titanium alloy is prepared by using a forging or rolling method, so that a large-size TC18 ultra-fine grain titanium alloy member can be prepared; the beta phase size is more than 0.8 microns, and the alpha phase size is less than 0.3 microns; and the mechanical performance indexes of the TC18 ultra-fine grain titanium alloy, such as strength, can be greatly improved. The problem that the conventional thermoplastic molding process is difficulty used for preparing the TC18 ultra-fine grain titanium alloy can be solved. The preparation method is applicable to industrial application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy, belong to materials science field.
Background technology
TC18 titanium alloy (nominal composition Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-1Cr-1Fe) is a kind of high-strength and high ductility near β titanium alloy, has β phase line temperature (about 875 ± 10 ℃) and forging temperature is low, machining deformation is good, be easy to whole near-net-shape, comprehensive mechanical property excellent (intensity 〉=1100MPa, K
1C〉=50MPam
1/2) etc. characteristics, and can be by the matching regulation and control of the mechanical index such as the means such as viscous deformation and thermal treatment, realization varying strength, plasticity, toughness, therefore as a class high-performance light high strength structure material, be subject to extensive concern at aviation field, and have broad application prospects equally at civil areas such as sports equipment, Structure weight reduce titanium Dai Gang.
Crystal grain thinning is one of important means that improves the titanium alloy performance.Take Ti-6Al-4V as example, grain-size is that the Ultra-fine Grained Alloy At Room Temperature tensile strength of 0.2 ~ 0.5 μ m can reach more than the 1300MPa, is that the conventional alloy of 2 ~ 8 μ m improves about 30% than grain-size.In addition, the Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy also often possesses preferably superplastic deformation ability.Need to be at 870 ℃ ~ 920 ℃, rate of deformation less than 10 such as the Ti-6Al-4V alloy of 2 ~ 8 μ m grain-sizes
-4s
-1Texturizing condition under just can have preferably superplasticity; And 0.2 ~ 0.5 μ m Ultra-fine Grained at 700 ℃ ~ 800 ℃, rate of deformation less than 10
-2s
-1Texturizing condition under can realize superplastic forming, the texturizing conditions such as temperature, speed significantly relax.Therefore, the Ultra-fine Grained preparation has become one of important development direction of titanium alloy.
Multiple isothermal forging process is mainly adopted in the at present preparation of TC18 titanium alloy: at T
β-80 ℃ ~ T
βThe alpha+beta two-phase region carry out the plastic forming of many fire, aximal deformation value, realize original thick β crystal grain (~ 300 μ m) and the mutually fragmentation of (faller gill width ~ 1-2 μ m, length ~ 15 μ m) of α.Because multiple isothermal forging is at T
β-80 ℃ ~ T
βHigh temperature under carry out, be easy to occur the crystal grain dynamic recrystallization phenomenon of growing up fast in the process, the β phase size reaches 5 ~ 10 μ m in the microstructure that therefore obtains, the α phase size reaches 3 ~ 4 μ m, reaches far away the level of submicron-grade superfine crystal grain.In addition, Equal Channel Angular Pressing, at a high speed the Ultra-fine Grained preparation that large plastic forming technique has been used to alloy such as reverse.Yet Equal Channel Angular Pressing can only prepare the titanium alloy rod bar of maximum diameter 60mm, and (thickness 0.2 ~ 0.5mm, diameter 10 ~ 20mm) are difficult to satisfy the requirement of large-size components Ultra-fine Grained preparation mainly for the thin slice exemplar to reverse at a high speed technique.In addition, aforesaid method needs titanium alloy to possess preferably formability, for example, even for the room temperature unit elongation up to 30% pure titanium, also need under comparatively high temps (greater than 400 ℃), carry out Equal Channel Angular Pressing.Therefore, the novel process of a kind of TC18 of preparation Fine Grain Ti Alloy of exploitation becomes one of new direction of this alloy development.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the moulding processs such as the multiple isothermal forging of prior art, hot rolling and be difficult to prepare Ultra-fine Grained, Equal Channel Angular Pressing, at a high speed reverse and be difficult to be applied to the problem of large-size components Ultra-fine Grained preparation and provide a kind of processing method titanium alloy grain fineness number β phase size simple, easy to operate, that can prepare large size Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy member, preparation to reach the preparation method that 0.4 ~ 0.8 μ m, α phase size reach the TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy of 0.1 ~ 0.3 μ m.
The preparation method of a kind of TC18 Ultra-fine Grained of the present invention titanium alloy comprises the steps:
The first step: preageing after the solution treatment
The TC18 titanium alloy is heated to T
β-20 ℃ ~ T
β+ 50 ℃ of (T
βBe alloy β phase transition temperature) carry out solution treatment, cooling by water is to room temperature; Be heated to 650 ~ 750 ℃ and carry out preageing;
Second step: thermal distortion
The first step is finished the TC18 titanium alloy of preageing, directly come out of the stove and carry out forge hot or hot rolling deformation, air cooling is to room temperature after the distortion; Obtain deformation states TC18 titanium alloy;
The 3rd step: timeliness again
Second step gained deformation states TC18 titanium alloy is heated to 520 ~ 620 ℃ carries out again the air cooling of coming out of the stove after the timeliness, namely obtain TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy.
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy, described TC18 titanium alloy be Cr, the Fe of 5% Al, Mo, V and 1% by massfraction, all the other are that Ti forms.
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy, described TC18 titanium alloy is forge hot attitude rod base or slab.
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy, described solution treatment soaking time 1-2 hour.
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy, described preageing soaking time is 1 ~ 4 hour.
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy, described TC18 titanium alloy is through behind the preageing, and the matrix microstructure is disperse distributed pins sheet α phase in the β crystal grain, and faller gill shape α phase is 0.8 ~ 1 with β phase mass ratio; Wherein faller gill shape α phase width 0.1 ~ 0.6 μ m, length 1 ~ 5 μ m.
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy, the inferior jumping-up of at least 4 fire, pulling open die forging are carried out in described forge hot distortion, and each forging times comprises at least 3 upsettings 3 and pulls out technique, and each jumping-up or pulling deflection are 20% ~ 40%; Described hot rolling deformation carries out at least 5 passages, and each pass deformation is 20% ~ 60%.
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy, described again timeliness soaking time is 2 ~ 10 hours.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: (1) has following advantage by the crystalline structure that the solid solution before the thermal distortion and Pre-aging treatment obtain, obtain a kind of fine needle sheet α phase and β phase content ratio and be 0.8 ~ 1 microstructure, this tissue can significantly suppress the dynamic recrystallization of α in the deformation process/β phase, also be conducive to simultaneously between α and β phase, form cooperative transformation, be specifically: α is hard phase mutually, β is soft phase mutually, α occurs broken in plastic history, β replys in plastic history/recrystallize, utilize the plastic flow of the relative β phase of α, reply, the inhibition of recrystallize, reach the purpose of crystal grain thinning, and then promote the formation of ultrafine-grained (UFG) microstructure; (2) forging or roll forming temperature (650 ~ 750 ℃) are lower than existing multiple isothermal forging or hot-rolled temperature (greater than 800 ℃), compare with the method for existing forging or rolling dependence recrystallization softening crystal grain, the cooperative transformation that the present invention relies on α/β phase can be realized the grain refining mutually to α/β under less forging times and rolling pass, be conducive to reduce preparation cost; (3) forge excellent size maximum through the TC18 titanium alloy of present method preparation and can reach Φ 150mm * 200mm, wherein β phase size 0.5 ~ 0.8 μ m, α phase size 0.2 ~ 0.3 μ m, room temperature strength reaches as high as 1350MPa; TC18 rolled plate β phase size 0.4 ~ 0.7 μ m, α phase size 0.1 ~ 0.2 μ m, room temperature strength reaches as high as 1410MPa.
In sum, processing method of the present invention titanium alloy grain fineness number β phase size simple, easy to operate, that can prepare large size Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy member, preparation reaches 0.4 ~ 0.8 μ m, the α phase size reaches 0.1 ~ 0.3 μ m, and can increase substantially the mechanical performance indexs such as intensity of TC18 titanium alloy.Be suitable for industrial applications.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy microstructure of embodiment 1 preparation.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy microstructure of embodiment 2 preparations.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy microstructure of embodiment 3 preparations.
Accompanying drawing 4 is the TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy microstructure of embodiment 4 preparations.
Accompanying drawing 5 is the TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy microstructure of Comparative Examples 1 preparation.
Can find out from accompanying drawing 1: black is α mutually, and the phase chi is generally less than 0.3 micron; White is the β phase mutually, and size is generally less than 0.8 micron.
Can find out from accompanying drawing 2: black is α mutually, and the phase chi is generally less than 0.2 micron; White is the β phase mutually, and size is generally less than 0.7 micron.
Can find out from accompanying drawing 3: black is α mutually, and the phase chi is generally less than 0.3 micron; White is the β phase mutually, and size is generally less than 0.6 micron.
Can find out from accompanying drawing 4: black is α mutually, and the phase chi is generally less than 0.3 micron; White is the β phase mutually, and size is generally less than 0.8 micron.
Can find out from accompanying drawing 5: black is α mutually, and the phase chi is commonly 2 ~ 3 microns; White is the β phase mutually, and size is commonly 7 ~ 9 microns.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Adopt the TC18 titanium alloy forge hot attitude bar of Φ 120mm * 150mm, the beta transus temperature of mensuration is 875 ± 5 ℃.The first step is heated to 895 ℃ with alloy bar material, is incubated after 1 hour water-cooled to room temperature; Second step is heated to 720 ℃ with the TC18 alloy bar material, is incubated 2 hours, and insulation is directly forged at warm forming machine after finishing, and forges and divides 4 fire to carry out, and every fire carries out 3 upsetting pulls, each upsetting pull deflection 35%, and air cooling was to room temperature after forging was finished; The 3rd step, 550 ℃ of heat tracings 4 hours, air cooling was to room temperature with blank.
TC18 forging room-temperature mechanical property among table 1 embodiment 1
Embodiment 2
Adopt the TC18 titanium alloy forge hot attitude bar of Φ 150mm * 200mm, the beta transus temperature of mensuration is 875 ± 5 ℃.The first step is heated to 865 ℃ with alloy bar material, is incubated after 2 hours water-cooled to room temperature; Second step is heated to 650 ℃ with the TC18 alloy bar material, is incubated 2 hours, directly forges at warm forming machine after insulation finishes, and forges minute 4 fire and carries out, and every fire carries out 3 upsetting pulls, each upsetting pull deflection 40%, forge finish after air cooling to room temperature; The 3rd step, 580 ℃ of heat tracings 8 hours, air cooling was to room temperature with blank.
TC18 forging room-temperature mechanical property among table 2 embodiment 2
Embodiment 3
Adopt the TC 18 titanium alloy forge hot attitude square billets of 45mm * 90mm * 200mm, the beta transus temperature of mensuration is 875 ± 5 ℃.The first step is heated to 895 ℃ with the alloy slab, is incubated after 1 hour water-cooled to room temperature; Second step is heated to 725 ℃ with the TC18 alloy bar material, is incubated 1 hour, and insulation directly is rolled at hot rolls after finishing, hot rolling divides 8 passages to finish, and it is that 20%, the 4-8 passage employing pass deformation is 25% that the 1-3 passage adopts pass deformation, finally be rolled to 5.5mm, air cooling is to room temperature; The 3rd step, 520 ℃ of heat tracings 3 hours, air cooling was to room temperature with blank.
TC18 sheet material room-temperature mechanical property among table 3 embodiment 3
Embodiment 4
Adopt the TC18 titanium alloy forge hot attitude square billet of 25mm * 60mm * 150mm, the beta transus temperature of mensuration is 875 ± 5 ℃.The first step is heated to 855 ℃ with the alloy slab, is incubated after 2 hours water-cooled to room temperature; Second step is heated to 680 ℃ with the TC18 alloy bar material, is incubated 1 hour, and insulation directly is rolled at hot rolls after finishing, hot rolling divides 7 passages to finish, and it is that 25%, the 4-7 passage employing pass deformation is 30% that the 1-3 passage adopts pass deformation, finally be rolled to 2.5mm, air cooling is to room temperature; The 3rd step, 600 ℃ of heat tracings 6 hours, air cooling was to room temperature with blank.
TC18 sheet material room-temperature mechanical property among table 4 embodiment 4
Comparative Examples 1
Adopt the TC18 titanium alloy forge hot attitude bar of Φ 220mm, the beta transus temperature of mensuration is 875 ± 5 ℃.At first alloy bar material is heated to 880 ℃ then insulation carry out predeformation, after the predeformation temperature is adjusted to 850 ℃ then insulation then carry out die forging.After the die forging, sample is heated to 850 ℃, insulation 2h, stove are chilled to 750 ℃ of insulation 2h, air cooling.Sample behind the air cooling is heated to 650 ℃ of insulation 4h, air cooling.
TC18 sheet material room-temperature mechanical property in table 5 Comparative Examples
Comparative Examples is for adopting traditional hot deformation method and heat treating regime to prepare the embodiment of TC18 titanium alloy, by embodiments of the invention and Comparative Examples are contrasted, can obviously find out from microstructure: the α phase of the TC18 titanium alloy of embodiment and β phase size are about 1/10 of Comparative Examples, and grain structure is significantly tiny than Comparative Examples.The contrast room-temperature mechanical property can be found: the TC18 sheet material room-temperature mechanical property of embodiment all obviously is better than Comparative Examples.The method for preparing the TC18 titanium alloy that above examples prove the present invention relates to obviously is better than traditional preparation method.
Claims (8)
1. the preparation method of a TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy comprises the steps:
The first step: preageing after the solution treatment
The TC18 titanium alloy is heated to T
β-20 ℃ ~ T
β+ 50 ℃ are carried out solution treatment, and cooling by water is to room temperature; Be heated to 650 ~ 750 ℃ and carry out preageing;
Second step: thermal distortion
The first step is finished the TC18 titanium alloy of preageing, directly come out of the stove and carry out forge hot or hot rolling deformation, air cooling is to room temperature after the distortion; Obtain deformation states TC18 titanium alloy;
The 3rd step: timeliness again
Second step gained deformation states TC18 titanium alloy is heated to 520 ~ 620 ℃ carries out again the air cooling of coming out of the stove after the timeliness, namely obtain TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy.
2. the preparation method of a kind of TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the nominal chemical ingredients of described TC18 titanium alloy is: Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-1Cr-1Fe.
3. the preparation method of a kind of TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described TC18 titanium alloy is forge hot attitude rod base or slab.
4. the preparation method of a kind of TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described solution treatment soaking time 1-2 hour.
5. the preparation method of a kind of TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described preageing soaking time is 1 ~ 4 hour.
6. the preparation method of a kind of TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described TC18 titanium alloy is through behind the preageing, the matrix microstructure is disperse distributed pins sheet α phase in the β crystal grain, and faller gill shape α phase is 0.8 ~ 1 with β phase mass ratio; Wherein faller gill shape α phase width 0.1 ~ 0.6 μ m, length 1 ~ 5 μ m.
7. the preparation method of a kind of TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described forge hot distortion, carry out the inferior jumping-up of at least 4 fire, pulling open die forging, each forging times comprises at least 3 upsettings 3 and pulls out technique, and each jumping-up or pulling deflection are 20% ~ 40%; Described hot rolling deformation carries out at least 5 passages, and each pass deformation is 20% ~ 60%.
8. the preparation method of a kind of TC18 Ultra-fine Grained titanium alloy according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described again timeliness soaking time is 2 ~ 10 hours.
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