CN103013582A - Integral bunchy radiation preheating mixing-type energy utilization device with flue gas chilling - Google Patents
Integral bunchy radiation preheating mixing-type energy utilization device with flue gas chilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN103013582A CN103013582A CN2012105303463A CN201210530346A CN103013582A CN 103013582 A CN103013582 A CN 103013582A CN 2012105303463 A CN2012105303463 A CN 2012105303463A CN 201210530346 A CN201210530346 A CN 201210530346A CN 103013582 A CN103013582 A CN 103013582A
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 119
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003250 coal slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004523 agglutinating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The invention relates to an energy utilization device adopting a coal gasification technology, in particular to an integral bunchy radiation preheating mixing-type energy utilization device with flue gas chilling. The device comprises a gasification furnace body and a heat recovery unit, wherein the heat recovery unit is a bunchy heat recovery unit, and comprises a radiation heat exchange component, a flue gas chilling component and a convection heat transfer component; the radiation heat exchange component is arranged at the upper part in a pressurized shell, and conducts sufficient heat exchange with heated gas; both the flue gas chilling component and the convection heat transfer component are arranged at the lower part in the pressurized shell; the convection heat transfer component is arranged between the flue gas chilling component and the pressurized shell; and the radiation heat exchange component, the flue gas chilling component and the convection heat transfer component are integrated. Through the adoption of the device, sensible heat of gasified crude syngas can be absorbed effectively to produce high-pressure steam or medium-pressure steam to conduct power generation or pre-heating of working mediums, the entire energy utilization rate is increased greatly, the energy recycling rate is high, the overall dimension of a waste-heat recovery boiler is reduced effectively, the manufacturing, transporting and installing are more convenient, and the problem of dust stratification on convection heat transfer surface can be eliminated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the energy utilization device of Coal Gasification Technology, particularly with the hybrid energy utilization device of integrated pencil radiation preheating of flue gas Quench.
Background technology
Gasification be clean, efficiently utilize one of the main approach of coal, gasified raw material and oxygenant are mixed in the vapourizing furnace, react rapidly, the high-temperature synthesis gas of generation (about 1400 ℃) is delivered to next workshop and is effectively utilized through cooling, dedusting.
The type of cooling of high-temperature synthesis gas mainly contains two kinds in the Coal Gasification Technology, and a kind of is chilling process, and another kind is pot destroying process.Chilling process is that high-temperature synthesis gas fully contacts with chilled water, and coal gas cooling down, slag are solidified.Chilling process does not reclaim the sensible heat in the high-temperature synthesis gas, and efficiency of energy utilization is low.High-temperature synthesis gas enters successively radiant boiler and preboiler and carries out the heat exchange cooling in the pot destroying process, and carries out rough dusting.It can reclaim the sensible heat in the synthetic gas to greatest extent, to produce high pressure steam or other processing mediums of preheating, this mode can reclaim and be equivalent in the feed coal low-grade heat 15 ~ 18% energy, so that heating gas efficient can reach 90 ~ 95%, has improved the efficiency of energy utilization of system.
In existing entrained flow bed gasification technology, the heat that adopts waste heat boiler to reclaim high-temperature synthesis gas generally has dual mode: the one, and the powdered coal pressuring gasified technology of the air flow bed take Shell company as representative, circulation cold air returns the outlet of vapourizing furnace high-temperature synthesis gas synthetic gas is cooled to 700～750 ℃, and then enters convection current exhaust-heat boiler heat exchange by-product middle pressure steam.Another kind is the coal water slurry gasification technique take GE company as representative, and high-temperature synthesis gas sensible heat adopts the mode of radiant boiler+counter current boiler to reclaim the by-product high-pressure saturated steam.But also there are the problems such as complex structure, failure rate is high, work-ing life is short in waste heat boiler of the prior art, is mainly manifested in:
(1) the Shell bed pulverized coal gasification technology adopts 1.3～1.5 times circulation cold air chilling high-temperature synthesis gas, increased the size of convection current exhaust-heat boiler and follow-up synthetic gas dust removal installation thereof, increased simultaneously the investment of equipment, the synthetic gas recycle compressor has increased the energy consumption of gasification installation; Owing to the counter current boiler dust stratification, reduced the heat transfer effect of counter current boiler, need to add than the more Quench gas of design Quench tolerance for guaranteeing heat exchange.
(2) the full cement sensible heat recovery system of synthetic gas in the GE coal water slurry gasification technique is comprised of radiation waste heat boiler and two equipment of convection current exhaust-heat boiler, and facility investment is large, and it is large to take up room, and the simultaneity factor reliability of operation is also owing to the complicacy of equipment is affected; Radiant boiler synthetic gas temperature shortage regulating measure causes the counter current boiler dust stratification to stop up simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is defective and the deficiency that overcomes existing vapourizing furnace waste heat boiler, the hybrid energy utilization device of integrated pencil radiation preheating with the flue gas Quench is provided, with radiant boiler and counter current boiler in conjunction with as a whole, reach abundant recovery high-temperature synthesis gas and sensible heat that slag is with, reduce investment and save energy, improve the purpose of thermo-efficiency.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The hybrid energy utilization device of integrated pencil radiation preheating with the flue gas Quench is characterized in that: comprise the gasification body of heater and the heat reclamation device that connect by flange, the gasification body of heater is arranged at the heat reclamation device top; The gasification body of heater comprises the refractory liner of pressure housing, vapourizing furnace of vapourizing furnace or water wall, nozzle passage, refractory liner or the water wall of the vapourizing furnace that arranges in the pressure housing of vapourizing furnace, and the top of gasification body of heater arranges nozzle passage; Described heat reclamation device comprises pressure housing, synthetic gas entrance, radiation heat transfer assembly, flue gas Quench assembly, convective heat exchange assembly, slag bath, syngas outlet, the synthetic gas entrance is positioned at the top of pressure housing, and syngas outlet is positioned at the upper end of pressure housing sidewall; The radiation heat transfer assembly is fixed at the top in the pressure housing, and with the abundant heat exchange of the gas of heat; Flue gas Quench assembly, convective heat exchange assembly all are fixedly installed on the bottom in the pressure housing, and the convective heat exchange assembly is between flue gas Quench assembly and pressure housing; Slag bath is arranged at the bottom in the pressure housing, and the bottom of slag bath and the bottom of pressure housing form slag-drip opening jointly; Radiation heat transfer assembly, convective heat exchange assembly, flue gas Quench assembly, slag bath are positioned at pressure housing and form one.
Described synthetic gas entrance lower end is a long narrow passage, and the inwall of this passage is refractory liner.
Described radiation heat transfer assembly vertically is located in the pressure housing, and with the abundant heat exchange of the gas of heat; The radiation heat transfer assembly comprises radiation water wall and radiation screen, the radiation water wall is the cylindrical wall that the standpipe by several parallel longitudinal settings surrounds, two adjacent standpipes are by being welded to connect, the centre of cylindrical wall is the radiation heat transfer chamber, cylindrical wall extends downward the slag bath upper end, and radiation screen is positioned at the cylindrical wall upper end; The radiation heat transfer assembly also comprises radiation water wall upper collecting chamber, radiation water wall lower header, radiation water wall water inlet pipe, radiation water wall fairlead and radiation water wall surface, radiation water wall upper collecting chamber is communicated with the upper end of each standpipe, radiation water wall lower header is communicated with the lower end of each standpipe, one end of radiation water wall water inlet pipe and pressure housing are affixed and be located at the outside of pressure housing, the other end of radiation water wall water inlet pipe is communicated with radiation water wall upper collecting chamber, and an end of radiation water wall fairlead and the upper cover of pressure housing are affixed, the other end is communicated with radiation water wall upper collecting chamber.
Described radiation screen is formed by several standpipes row, and standpipe row outwards disperses with the center of heat reclamation device and is distributed in the radiation heat transfer chamber, and each standpipe row is formed by some standpipes, and adjacent two standpipes of standpipe row are close to setting; The radiation heat transfer assembly also comprises radiation screen upper collecting chamber, radiation screen lower header, radiation screen water inlet pipe, radiation screen fairlead, the lower end of radiation screen heating surface is communicated with the radiation screen lower header, the upper end of radiation screen heating surface is communicated with the radiation screen upper collecting chamber, radiation screen water inlet pipe and radiation screen fairlead are communicated with radiation screen lower header and radiation screen upper collecting chamber respectively, and are drawn out to outside the pressure housing.
Described flue gas Quench assembly comprises Quench gas entrance and gas mixing chamber, and radiation water wall and the Quench gas of gas mixing chamber below radiation screen enters interruption-forming; Described Quench gas entrance is uniformly distributed on the radiation water wall, and extends to outside the pressure housing.
Described convective heat exchange assembly comprises vaporizer, superheater and economizer, and vaporizer, superheater and economizer are arranged between gas mixing chamber and the pressure housing from top to bottom successively.
Described vaporizer, superheater and economizer are formed by one group of spiral pipe respectively, and every group of spiral pipe comprises respectively four helical layer endless tubes, between every two-layer spiral endless tube certain distance are arranged, every helical layer endless tube by pipe closely around forming.
Described vaporizer also comprises vaporizer upper collecting chamber, vaporizer lower header, vaporizer water inlet pipe, vaporizer fairlead, the upper end that forms the spiral pipe of vaporizer is communicated with the vaporizer upper collecting chamber, the lower end that forms the spiral pipe of vaporizer is communicated with the vaporizer lower header, the vaporizer water inlet pipe is communicated with the vaporizer lower header, and the vaporizer fairlead is communicated with the vaporizer upper collecting chamber; Described superheater also comprises superheater upper collecting chamber, superheater lower header, superheater water inlet pipe, superheater fairlead, the upper end that forms the spiral pipe of superheater is communicated with the superheater upper collecting chamber, the lower end that forms the spiral pipe of superheater is communicated with the superheater lower header, the superheater water inlet pipe is communicated with the superheater lower header, and the superheater fairlead is communicated with the superheater upper collecting chamber; Described economizer also comprises economizer upper collecting chamber, economizer lower header, economizer water inlet pipe, economizer fairlead, the upper end that forms the spiral pipe of superheater is communicated with the economizer upper collecting chamber, the lower end that forms the spiral pipe of economizer is communicated with the economizer lower header, the economizer water inlet pipe is communicated with the economizer lower header, and the economizer fairlead is communicated with the economizer upper collecting chamber; Vaporizer water inlet pipe, vaporizer fairlead, superheater water inlet pipe, superheater fairlead, economizer water inlet pipe, economizer fairlead all extend to outside the pressure housing.
The upper end of described slag bath is connected with convective heat exchange water wall lower end.
Described energy utilization device is airflow bed gasification furnace, can be single nozzle or multi nozzle of gasification furnace, also can be coal slurry or powder coal gasification furnace, also can be the various forms of vapourizing furnaces such as water wall or refractory liner vapourizing furnace.
Principle of work of the present invention is as follows:
Gasified raw material and oxygenant are mixed in the gasification body of heater, rapidly generating gasification reaction, the crude synthesis gas of generation High Temperature High Pressure; After the synthetic gas of High Temperature High Pressure and melting slag went out to gasify body of heater, the synthetic gas entrance by heat reclamation device entered the radiation heat transfer assembly, in the radiation heat transfer chamber, high-temperature synthesis gas stream and melting slag is carried out the radiation water-cooled cooling;
Then, synthetic gas and melting slag enter gas mixing chamber after passing the radiation heat transfer chamber, mix further rapidly cooling in gas mixing chamber with the Quench gas that passes into;
Cooled melting slag directly enters slag bath, and in slag bath, melting slag mixes sharply cooling with water, forms the solid-state lime-ash of high rigidity, and solid-state lime-ash is discharged with water;
After synthetic gas cooled off through gas mixing chamber, the reflexed of the process slag bath water surface upwards entered in the convective heat exchange assembly, flow through successively vaporizer, superheater, economizer and carried out the heat exchange cooling, was discharged by syngas outlet.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
(1) the hybrid energy utilization device of integrated pencil radiant boiler preboiler provided by the invention, can effectively absorb the crude synthesis gas sensible heat after the gasification, produce high pressure steam or middle pressure steam and be used for generating or other working medium of preheating, whole energy utilization rate improves greatly, has the high advantage of energy recovery utilization ratio.
(2) the hybrid energy utilization device of integrated pencil radiant boiler preboiler provided by the invention, its heat reclamation device adopts the design of Double water-cooled wall construction and radiation heat transfer screen and convective heat exchange face is set, effectively reduced the waste heat boiler overall dimensions, it is comparatively convenient to make, transport and install.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is cross-sectional schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the A-A cross section cross-sectional schematic among Fig. 1 of the present invention; Please in Fig. 2, show
Fig. 3 is the B-B cross section cross-sectional schematic among Fig. 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the partial schematic diagram of the I section among Fig. 1 of the present invention.
Wherein, Reference numeral is: 1 gasification body of heater, 2 heat reclamation devices, 3 pressure housings, the refractory liner of 4 vapourizing furnaces (or water wall), 5 nozzle passages, 6 synthetic gas entrances, 7 radiation heat transfer assemblies, 7-1 radiation water wall, the 7-2 radiation screen, 8 convective heat exchange assemblies, 8-1 convective heat exchange water wall, 8-2 vaporizer, the 8-3 superheater, the 8-4 economizer, 9 flue gas Quench assemblies, 9-1 chiller inlet pipe, the 9-2 shock chamber, 10 slag baths, 10-1 slag-drip opening, 11 flanges, 12 passages, the refractory liner of 13 heat reclamation devices (or water wall).
Embodiment
Shown in Fig. 1-4, with the hybrid energy utilization device of integrated pencil radiation preheating of flue gas Quench, comprise the gasification body of heater and the heat reclamation device that connect by flange, the gasification body of heater is arranged at the heat reclamation device top; The gasification body of heater comprises the refractory liner of pressure housing, vapourizing furnace of vapourizing furnace or water wall, nozzle passage, refractory liner or the water wall of the vapourizing furnace that arranges in the pressure housing of vapourizing furnace, and the top of gasification body of heater arranges nozzle passage; Described heat reclamation device comprises pressure housing, synthetic gas entrance, radiation heat transfer assembly, flue gas Quench assembly, convective heat exchange assembly, slag bath, syngas outlet, the synthetic gas entrance is positioned at the top of pressure housing, and syngas outlet is positioned at the upper end of pressure housing sidewall; The radiation heat transfer assembly is fixed at the top in the pressure housing, and with the abundant heat exchange of the gas of heat; Flue gas Quench assembly, convective heat exchange assembly all are fixedly installed on the bottom in the pressure housing, and the convective heat exchange assembly is between flue gas Quench assembly and pressure housing; Slag bath is arranged at the bottom in the pressure housing, and the bottom of slag bath and the bottom of pressure housing form slag-drip opening jointly; Radiation heat transfer assembly, convective heat exchange assembly, flue gas Quench assembly, slag bath are positioned at pressure housing and form one.
Described synthetic gas entrance 6 lower ends are a long narrow passage 12, and the inwall of this passage 12 is refractory liner 13.
Described radiation heat transfer assembly vertically is located in the pressure housing, and with the abundant heat exchange of the gas of heat; The radiation heat transfer assembly comprises radiation water wall and radiation screen, the radiation water wall is the cylindrical wall that the standpipe by several parallel longitudinal settings surrounds, two adjacent standpipes are by being welded to connect, the centre of cylindrical wall is the radiation heat transfer chamber, cylindrical wall extends downward the slag bath upper end, and radiation screen is positioned at the cylindrical wall upper end; The radiation heat transfer assembly also comprises radiation water wall upper collecting chamber, radiation water wall lower header, radiation water wall water inlet pipe, radiation water wall fairlead and radiation water wall surface, radiation water wall upper collecting chamber is communicated with the upper end of each standpipe, radiation water wall lower header is communicated with the lower end of each standpipe, one end of radiation water wall water inlet pipe and pressure housing are affixed and be located at the outside of pressure housing, the other end of radiation water wall water inlet pipe is communicated with radiation water wall upper collecting chamber, and an end of radiation water wall fairlead and the upper cover of pressure housing are affixed, the other end is communicated with radiation water wall upper collecting chamber.
Described radiation screen is formed by several standpipes row, and standpipe row outwards disperses with the center of heat reclamation device and is distributed in the radiation heat transfer chamber, and each standpipe row is formed by some standpipes, and adjacent two standpipes of standpipe row are close to setting; The radiation heat transfer assembly also comprises radiation screen upper collecting chamber, radiation screen lower header, radiation screen water inlet pipe, radiation screen fairlead, the lower end of radiation screen heating surface is communicated with the radiation screen lower header, the upper end of radiation screen heating surface is communicated with the radiation screen upper collecting chamber, radiation screen water inlet pipe and radiation screen fairlead are communicated with radiation screen lower header and radiation screen upper collecting chamber respectively, and are drawn out to outside the pressure housing.
Described flue gas Quench assembly comprises Quench gas entrance and gas mixing chamber, and radiation water wall and the Quench gas of gas mixing chamber below radiation screen enters interruption-forming; Described Quench gas entrance is uniformly distributed on the radiation water wall, and extends to outside the pressure housing.
Described convective heat exchange assembly comprises vaporizer, superheater and economizer, and vaporizer, superheater and economizer are arranged between gas mixing chamber and the pressure housing from top to bottom successively.
Described vaporizer, superheater and economizer are formed by one group of spiral pipe respectively, and every group of spiral pipe comprises respectively four helical layer endless tubes, between every two-layer spiral endless tube certain distance are arranged, every helical layer endless tube by pipe closely around forming.
Described vaporizer also comprises vaporizer upper collecting chamber, vaporizer lower header, vaporizer water inlet pipe, vaporizer fairlead, the upper end that forms the spiral pipe of vaporizer is communicated with the vaporizer upper collecting chamber, the lower end that forms the spiral pipe of vaporizer is communicated with the vaporizer lower header, the vaporizer water inlet pipe is communicated with the vaporizer lower header, and the vaporizer fairlead is communicated with the vaporizer upper collecting chamber; Described superheater also comprises superheater upper collecting chamber, superheater lower header, superheater water inlet pipe, superheater fairlead, the upper end that forms the spiral pipe of superheater is communicated with the superheater upper collecting chamber, the lower end that forms the spiral pipe of superheater is communicated with the superheater lower header, the superheater water inlet pipe is communicated with the superheater lower header, and the superheater fairlead is communicated with the superheater upper collecting chamber; Described economizer also comprises economizer upper collecting chamber, economizer lower header, economizer water inlet pipe, economizer fairlead, the upper end that forms the spiral pipe of superheater is communicated with the economizer upper collecting chamber, the lower end that forms the spiral pipe of economizer is communicated with the economizer lower header, the economizer water inlet pipe is communicated with the economizer lower header, and the economizer fairlead is communicated with the economizer upper collecting chamber; Vaporizer water inlet pipe, vaporizer fairlead, superheater water inlet pipe, superheater fairlead, economizer water inlet pipe, economizer fairlead all extend to outside the pressure housing.
The upper end of described slag bath is connected with convective heat exchange water wall lower end.
Described energy utilization device is airflow bed gasification furnace, can be single nozzle or multi nozzle of gasification furnace, also can be coal slurry or powder coal gasification furnace, also can be the various forms of vapourizing furnaces such as water wall or refractory liner vapourizing furnace.
Working process of the present invention is:
Gasified raw material (coal water slurry or dry pulverized coal) and oxygenant are mixed in the gasification body of heater, rapidly generating gasification reaction, the crude synthesis gas (temperature is about 1400 ℃) of generation High Temperature High Pressure.After high-temperature synthesis gas stream enters heat reclamation device from the synthetic gas entrance, by behind the radiation heat transfer chamber, change direction downwards, reflexed upwards carries out cooling down, and reclaims a large amount of sensible heats.This heat reclamation device has saved the connection portion between radiant boiler and the preboiler, and recovery sensible heat that high-temperature synthesis gas is with as much as possible.
The gas inlet of heat reclamation device is long narrow throat's passage, and inwall is refractory liner.After high-temperature synthesis gas and melting slag (about 1400 ℃ of temperature) went out vapourizing furnace, the throat's passage by long narrow entered the radiation heat transfer part with higher gas velocity.
The radiation heat transfer part is comprised of the screen of the radiation heat transfer in membrane wall chamber and the chamber.High-temperature synthesis gas and melting slag enter in the water wall chamber, the membrane wall around in the mode of radiative transfer heat being passed to.Because circulation area enlarges, to splash all around, sufficiently cooled from leaving throat's passage to the process that arrives membrane wall, curing loses agglutinating value(of coal) to melting slag under airflow function, falls under gravity in the slag bath of radiation heat transfer part bottom.The radiation heat transfer screen is in the middle and lower part in membrane wall chamber, and its existence has increased the radiation heat transfer face, has reduced the volume of radiation heat transfer part, makes heat transfer effect better.
Slag bath is in the bottom of radiation heat transfer part.After lime-ash after the curing passes the membrane wall chamber, fall into the slag bath of bottom, in slag bath, mix sharply cooling with water, form the solid-state lime-ash of high rigidity.Lime-ash enters in the lock slag ladle with water.Blow device is set near slag bath, carries out the disturbance of Anti-slagging precipitation, guarantee the reliable and stable operation of dreg removing system.
The convective heat exchange part is comprised of some groups of spiral pipes, and the spiral pipe skin is membrane wall.Every group of spiral pipe by four layers closely around the spiral endless tube form, every group of spiral pipe is staggered in arrangement.Flow through successively vaporizer, superheater, economizer and carry out the heat exchange cooling with the water of the inside through the synthetic gas of draining cooling.
Claims (10)
1. with the hybrid energy utilization device of integrated pencil radiation preheating of flue gas Quench, it is characterized in that: comprise the gasification body of heater and the heat reclamation device that connect by flange, the gasification body of heater is arranged at the heat reclamation device top; The gasification body of heater comprises the refractory liner of pressure housing, vapourizing furnace of vapourizing furnace or water wall, nozzle passage, refractory liner or the water wall of the vapourizing furnace that arranges in the pressure housing of vapourizing furnace, and the top of gasification body of heater arranges nozzle passage; Described heat reclamation device comprises pressure housing, synthetic gas entrance, radiation heat transfer assembly, flue gas Quench assembly, convective heat exchange assembly, slag bath, syngas outlet, the synthetic gas entrance is positioned at the top of pressure housing, and syngas outlet is positioned at the upper end of pressure housing sidewall; The radiation heat transfer assembly is fixed at the top in the pressure housing, and with the abundant heat exchange of the gas of heat; Flue gas Quench assembly, convective heat exchange assembly all are fixedly installed on the bottom in the pressure housing, and the convective heat exchange assembly is between flue gas Quench assembly and pressure housing; Slag bath is arranged at the bottom in the pressure housing, and the bottom of slag bath and the bottom of pressure housing form slag-drip opening jointly; Radiation heat transfer assembly, convective heat exchange assembly, flue gas Quench assembly, slag bath are positioned at pressure housing and form one.
2. the hybrid heat reclamation device of integrated pencil radiant boiler preboiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described synthetic gas entrance lower end is a long narrow passage, and the inwall of this passage is refractory liner.
3. the hybrid heat reclamation device of integrated pencil radiant boiler preboiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described radiation heat transfer assembly vertically is located in the pressure housing, and with the abundant heat exchange of the gas of heat; The radiation heat transfer assembly comprises radiation water wall and radiation screen, the radiation water wall is the cylindrical wall that the standpipe by several parallel longitudinal settings surrounds, two adjacent standpipes are by being welded to connect, the centre of cylindrical wall is the radiation heat transfer chamber, cylindrical wall extends downward the slag bath upper end, and radiation screen is positioned at the cylindrical wall upper end; The radiation heat transfer assembly also comprises radiation water wall upper collecting chamber, radiation water wall lower header, radiation water wall water inlet pipe, radiation water wall fairlead and radiation water wall surface, radiation water wall upper collecting chamber is communicated with the upper end of each standpipe, radiation water wall lower header is communicated with the lower end of each standpipe, one end of radiation water wall water inlet pipe and pressure housing are affixed and be located at the outside of pressure housing, the other end of radiation water wall water inlet pipe is communicated with radiation water wall upper collecting chamber, and an end of radiation water wall fairlead and the upper cover of pressure housing are affixed, the other end is communicated with radiation water wall upper collecting chamber.
4. the hybrid heat reclamation device of integrated pencil radiant boiler preboiler according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described radiation screen is formed by several standpipes row, standpipe row outwards disperses with the center of heat reclamation device and is distributed in the radiation heat transfer chamber, each standpipe row is formed by some standpipes, and adjacent two standpipes of standpipe row are close to setting; The radiation heat transfer assembly also comprises radiation screen upper collecting chamber, radiation screen lower header, radiation screen water inlet pipe, radiation screen fairlead, the lower end of radiation screen heating surface is communicated with the radiation screen lower header, the upper end of radiation screen heating surface is communicated with the radiation screen upper collecting chamber, radiation screen water inlet pipe and radiation screen fairlead are communicated with radiation screen lower header and radiation screen upper collecting chamber respectively, and are drawn out to outside the pressure housing.
5. according to claim 3 or the hybrid heat reclamation device of 4 described integrated pencil radiant boiler preboilers, it is characterized in that: described flue gas Quench assembly comprises Quench gas entrance and gas mixing chamber, and radiation water wall and the Quench gas of gas mixing chamber below radiation screen enters interruption-forming; Described Quench gas entrance is uniformly distributed on the radiation water wall, and extends to outside the pressure housing.
6. according to claim 1 or the hybrid heat reclamation device of 4 or 5 described integrated pencil radiant boiler preboilers, it is characterized in that: described convective heat exchange assembly comprises vaporizer, superheater and economizer, and vaporizer, superheater and economizer are arranged between gas mixing chamber and the pressure housing from top to bottom successively.
7. the hybrid heat reclamation device of integrated pencil radiant boiler preboiler according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described vaporizer, superheater and economizer are formed by one group of spiral pipe respectively, every group of spiral pipe comprises respectively four helical layer endless tubes, between every two-layer spiral endless tube certain distance is arranged, every helical layer endless tube by pipe closely around forming.
8. the hybrid heat reclamation device of integrated pencil radiant boiler preboiler according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described vaporizer also comprises vaporizer upper collecting chamber, vaporizer lower header, vaporizer water inlet pipe, vaporizer fairlead, the upper end that forms the spiral pipe of vaporizer is communicated with the vaporizer upper collecting chamber, the lower end that forms the spiral pipe of vaporizer is communicated with the vaporizer lower header, the vaporizer water inlet pipe is communicated with the vaporizer lower header, and the vaporizer fairlead is communicated with the vaporizer upper collecting chamber; Described superheater also comprises superheater upper collecting chamber, superheater lower header, superheater water inlet pipe, superheater fairlead, the upper end that forms the spiral pipe of superheater is communicated with the superheater upper collecting chamber, the lower end that forms the spiral pipe of superheater is communicated with the superheater lower header, the superheater water inlet pipe is communicated with the superheater lower header, and the superheater fairlead is communicated with the superheater upper collecting chamber; Described economizer also comprises economizer upper collecting chamber, economizer lower header, economizer water inlet pipe, economizer fairlead, the upper end that forms the spiral pipe of superheater is communicated with the economizer upper collecting chamber, the lower end that forms the spiral pipe of economizer is communicated with the economizer lower header, the economizer water inlet pipe is communicated with the economizer lower header, and the economizer fairlead is communicated with the economizer upper collecting chamber; Vaporizer water inlet pipe, vaporizer fairlead, superheater water inlet pipe, superheater fairlead, economizer water inlet pipe, economizer fairlead all extend to outside the pressure housing.
9. the hybrid heat reclamation device of integrated pencil radiant boiler preboiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the upper end of described slag bath is connected with convective heat exchange water wall lower end.
10. the hybrid heat reclamation device of integrated pencil radiant boiler preboiler according to claim 8 is characterized in that the specific works principle is:
After the synthetic gas of high temperature and melting slag went out vapourizing furnace, the long narrow synthetic gas entrance by this device top entered the radiation heat transfer assembly, in the radiation heat transfer chamber, high-temperature synthesis gas stream and melting slag is carried out the radiation water-cooled cooling;
Then, synthetic gas and melting slag enter gas mixing chamber after passing the radiation heat transfer chamber, mix further rapidly cooling in gas mixing chamber with the Quench gas that passes into;
Cooled melting slag directly enters slag bath, and in slag bath, melting slag mixes sharply cooling with water, forms the solid-state lime-ash of high rigidity, and solid-state lime-ash is discharged with water;
After synthetic gas cooled off through gas mixing chamber, the reflexed of the process slag bath water surface upwards entered in the convective heat exchange assembly, flow through successively vaporizer, superheater, economizer and carried out the heat exchange cooling, was discharged by syngas outlet.
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| CN103013582B (en) | 2014-08-27 |
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Effective date of registration: 20180425 Address after: 610000 18 West core road, hi-tech West District, Chengdu, Sichuan Patentee after: Dongfang Electric Co., Ltd. Address before: 610036 Shu Han Road, Jinniu District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, No. 333 Patentee before: Dongfang Electric Corporation |
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