CN103011882A - Inorganic heat-insulating material with three-level hole structure and preparation method of inorganic heat-insulating material - Google Patents
Inorganic heat-insulating material with three-level hole structure and preparation method of inorganic heat-insulating material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103011882A CN103011882A CN2012105927787A CN201210592778A CN103011882A CN 103011882 A CN103011882 A CN 103011882A CN 2012105927787 A CN2012105927787 A CN 2012105927787A CN 201210592778 A CN201210592778 A CN 201210592778A CN 103011882 A CN103011882 A CN 103011882A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an inorganic heat-insulating material with a three-level hole structure and a preparation method of the inorganic heat-insulating material, belonging to the technical field of a novel light-weight heat-insulating material. The preparation method comprises the steps: evenly mixing a hollow ball, glass powder, a high-temperature foaming agent and a foam stabilizer into premix; then mixing the premix with an epoxy resin water solution; adding a foaming agent, and agitating at high speed to obtain foam paste; pouring the foam paste into a mould; curing at room temperature to obtain a blank; conducting drying, glue discharging, high-temperature foaming, sizing and cooling to prepare the inorganic heat-insulating material with the three-level hole structure. The apparent density of the material is 100kg/m<3>-500kg/m<3>, the compressive strength is 0.5MPa-10.0MPa, the heat conducting coefficient is 0.020W/(m.K)-0.060W(m.K), and the water absorption is smaller than 3%; and the inorganic heat-insulating material with the three-level hole structure has the properties of low heat conducting coefficient, low volume weight, small water absorption, high compressive strength and the like, is widely applied to the fields of heat preservation in building and industrial heat preservation, and has high practical application values.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to novel light lagging material technical field, particularly a kind of inorganic heat insulation material with three grades of pore structures and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, energy-saving and cost-reducing is the common recognition of entire society, and China's building energy consumption accounts for more than 1/3 of social total energy consumption, therefore develops green construction material, and reducing the buildings Energy in use is the important component part of China's energy conservation.In whole buildings, body of wall is heat transfer accounting example maximum in the buildings overall heat transfer of exterior wall particularly, and adopting heat-preserving energy-saving wall is to realize the most important means of building energy conservation.Wall thermal insulating can be divided into according to the difference of thermal insulation layer position: 3 kinds of external wall outer insulation, the insulations of the gentle hollow sandwich composite wall of exterior wall insulating body.The at present External Walls Heating Insulation of China development is very fast, is the emphasis of energy conservation, and inseparable with the development of External Walls Heating Insulation is the update of energy-saving and heat-insulating material, architecture exterior wall insulating materials select to energy-saving and cost-reducing play a part very important.At present, the lagging material that is widely used in external wall is organic insulation material, comprises the EPS(expansion polyphenyl plate), the XPS(extruded polystyrene board), PU(urethane) etc., it is light that these materials have density, water-intake rate is little, the advantages such as good heat insulating.Be applied to external wall and can play good heat insulation and preservation effect, have also simultaneously that agglomerability is poor, a poor dimensional stability, the easy deficiency such as aging, easy firing.Particularly, the event of fire that is caused by building thermal insulation material happens occasionally, several big fire that in succession occur have in recent years caused serious loss of life and personal injury and property damage, caused the thinking of each bound pair lagging material fire resistance, the fire resistance of lagging material is beyond example to have caused the in the industry great attention of all circles, organic insulation material can constantly produce to melt in combustion processes and drip thing and toxic smoke, discharge the toxic and harmfuls such as prussic acid, Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), HFC compound, serious threat people's life security causes environmental pollution simultaneously.Although the organic insulating material improves through the fire-retardant finish afterfire, in the experimentation naked light can not appear, still can produce a large amount of toxic fumes under the big fire in the scene of a fire and the baking of continuous high temperature.The Highrise buildings that has used this lagging material is the frequent occurrence fire still, and inflammable external wall body thermal insulation material is indicating the generation of fire by no means fortuitous.Therefore, the emphasis that effects a permanent cure must be placed on selection and not fire on the external-wall heat-insulation material, uses instead not fire external-wall heat-insulation material and become the task of top priority, and this is last one effective means of being avoided occuring wildfire.
Architecture exterior wall insulating materials also all adopts inflammable thermal insulation material at first abroad, and after the one section detour of passing by, just exploitation not only had been incubated but also the fp energy-saving material, and the U.S. early existing more than 20 state bans use of polystyrene foam; In Britain, building does not allow to use EPS plate thin plastering exterior wall heat-insulation system more than 18 meters; The Germany's building of regulation more than 22 meters do not allow to use this system.A lot of Insurance Company refuse to insure to the building of EPS insulation.The Highrise buildings of China is more much bigger than external construction amount, and the styrofoam system is that selectable substitute products are few because very high to energy-conservation requirement on the rules in high-rise even widespread use on Super High.The supply wretched insufficiency of lagging material is not fired in China at present, and the lagging material that does not fire all is traditional inorganic heat insulation material, and the fireproof inorganic lagging material of a new generation also rarely has report.Traditional inorganic heat insulation material for building mainly contains pearlstone, rock wool, multicellular glass, foamed concrete etc.
Pearlstone: be that the natural peral rock and ore (is belonged to acid larger glassy rock, be the concentrated natural aluminosilicate matter ceramic that forms of volcanic eruption magma chilling), through broken screening, under high-temperature calcination, its volume sharply expands, the porous that makes, the particulate material that look white, thermal conductivity low (0.047～0.074W/ (mK)), refractory temperature〉1250 ℃, unit weight is at 40～280kg/m
3Pearlstone belongs to the glass mineral material, is cellular porous structure, and main component is silicon-dioxide; Silica sphere is easy to be covered by the silanol base, and the surface adsorption free water, therefore is easy to accept external functional group, and namely water-intake rate is very large, and expanded perlite product easily suction causes its thermal conductivity sharply to increase, and loses thermal and insulating performance.
Rock wool: with raw materials such as natural rock, ores, fusing (temperature is below 2000 ℃) in cupola furnace or other tank furnaces, with 50 atmospheric pressure blow by force, quenching becomes fibrous; Or with getting rid of a method, fused solution stream is come off on the multi-stage rotary rotor, borrow centrifugal force to get rid of into fiber, general 3～9 microns of diameter, unit weight 50～200 kg/m
3, thermal conductivity 0.029～0.046 W/ (mK) under the normal temperature, rock wool belongs to the fiber-like lagging material, and water-intake rate is large, and is similar with pearlstone, and goods easily suction cause its thermal conductivity sharply to increase, and lose thermal and insulating performance.In Europe, rock wool is applied to exterior-wall heat insulation as lagging material and also only occupies about 20% of lagging material market, reason is that exterior-wall heat insulation is high with the specification of quality of rock wool, expensive, rock wool is strict to its constructing operation rules and the measure of ensuring the quality of products as external-wall heat-insulation material in addition, is restricted in rainy season and winter construction.
Multicellular glass: be as main raw material take cullet, flyash and nonmetalliferous ore etc., add whipping agent, suds-stabilizing agent, fusing assistant and properties-correcting agent etc., mix after crushed the formation admixtion, be placed in the particular mold, form the porous glass material that a kind of inside is full of countless even bubbles through preheating, 750～900 ℃ of techniques such as melting, foaming, cooling and annealing in process furnace, its unit weight is 200 ~ 300kg/ m
3, the multicellular glass void content reaches 80% ~ 95%, and hole diameter is 0. 1 ~ 2 mm, thermal conductivity 0. 060 under the normal temperature～0. 085 W/ (m. K).Multicellular glass is used more in industrial circle heat insulating engineering, and it is less that building field is used, and the share of occupying in the exterior wall field of thermal insulation is less than thousandth.
Foamed concrete: be by cement, lime, water, foam, filler, aggregate and admixture, form through preparation slurry, casting, maintenance drying.Unit weight 300 ~ 500 kg/ m
3, thermal conductivity 0.051 ~ 0.076 W/ (mK), ultimate compression strength 0.2 ~ 0.5MPa.Foamed concrete has cast-in-place and two kinds of forms of prefabrication as external-wall heat-insulation material, the early stage of development is take cast-in-place foamed concrete as main, at present then take foamed concrete external wall insulation and goods thereof as main, there is the low problem of intensity in foamed concrete, especially in the situation that unit weight is lower, this enlarges its application in the building heat preservation field to foamed concrete and has restriction.
Above-mentioned traditional inorganic heat insulation material cause its very difficult large scale application, so the inorganic building thermal insulation material of development of new is imperative owing to itself can't overcome.
Coal gangue is the solid waste that produces in coal mining, the dressing of coal by washing process, and annual quantity discharged is equivalent to about the 10-30% of coal production then.According to incompletely statistics, the coal gangue that at present whole nation accumulation over the years is stacked has added up approximately 4,500,000,000 tons, larger waste dump has more than 1600, take up an area approximately 1.5 ten thousand hectares, and accumulating amount is one of industrial solid castoff of present China quantity discharged maximum also with annual 1.5～200,000,000 tons speed increase.Coal gangue is stored up for a long time, takies a large amount of soils, easily causes spontaneous combustion, atmosphere pollution and groundwater quality.Although coal gangue is the waste of coal-mining industry, be again available natural resources simultaneously, fully excavate the application prospect of coal gangue, the Application Areas of widening coal gangue is the important component part of coal resources comprehensive utilization.
The main component of coal gangue is Al
2O
3, SiO
2(average content is more than 50%), Fe
2O
3, CaO, MgO and potassium and compounds of phosphorus etc., and micro heavy.Organic matter changes (generally about 20%) with containing the coal amount in the coal gangue, mainly comprises the elements such as C, H, O, N, S, and wherein C is main component.The moisture of various coal gangues is all less than 5%.The main chemical compositions of coal gangue routine sees Table 1.
The conventional chemical of table 1 coal gangue forms
China has carried out the work of coal gangue comprehensive utilization from the 70's of 20th century, opened up the approach that utilizes of a series of coal gangues.But because resource qualitative factor, the restriction of economic condition, the gap of technical equipment and the impact of turn of the market, the utilization ratio of coal gangue is 10%-30% at present, and gap is still larger compared with developed countries.
At present, the research of China's coal gangue and application mainly concentrate on coal gangue power generation, extract Chemicals, directly utilize the aspects such as (as roadbed, ground, soil improvement and shaped coal additive) and production building materials.The coal gangue that carbon content is lower can be used for producing the material of construction such as brick and tile, cement, light skeletal, slag wool and engineering plastics; The few coal gangue of carbon content can be used for filling out the hole, make ground, backfill surface mines and as roadbed material; Coal gangue after the spontaneous combustion can be prepared gelling material through broken, screening.Some colliery powders also can be used to improve soil, do fertilizer and farm chemical carrier.The coal gangue that alumina content is high can extract the Chemicals such as polymeric aluminum, aluminum chloride and Tai-Ace S 150.
Although the research of coal gangue classification application caused extensive attention and carried out corresponding research work, the scientific classification index of generally acknowledging is not yet formulated, and major cause is various places coal gangue complicated components, and physicochemical characteristic is different.In addition, different coal gangue processing and utilization directions requires difference to chemical composition and the physics-chem characteristic of coal gangue, and this also is the classification of coal gangue and the reason that name is difficult to reach an agreement.This shows, the coal gangue complicated component is the major reason of its large-scale application of restriction.
Hebei YL-inno Co., Ltd. is on the basis of not considering the coal gangue complicated component, coal gangue is prepared into the functional materials-hollow ball (cenosphere) with special construction, applied for Chinese invention patent " a kind of method and apparatus for preparing hollow ceramic microspheres " (number of patent application: 200910131051.7) and PCT patent " a kind of method and apparatus for preparing cenosphere " (PCT/CN2010/000538), its structure as shown in Figure 1.
When the unique texture of hollow ball makes it have higher-strength, have again that tap density is low, quality is light, thermal conductivity is little, good heat insulating, the characteristics such as sound insulation, wear-resisting, high dispersive, electrical insulating property and Heat stability is good, can be used as a kind of high-strength, lightweight, the excellent infant industry base mateiral of property, have wide market application foreground.
Summary of the invention
The present invention utilizes that coal gangue hollow ball thermal conductivity is low, the characteristic of good heat insulating, adopts physical foaming technology, has proposed a kind of inorganic heat insulation material with three grades of pore structures and preparation method thereof.
A kind of inorganic heat insulation material with three grades of pore structures is characterized in that, uses the composition that comprises according to following weight part composition to make:
Hollow ball 60 ~ 100 weight parts; Glass powder 10 ~ 30 weight parts; High-temperature foaming agent 1 ~ 3 weight part; Resins, epoxy 5 ~ 15 weight parts; Room temperature whipping agent 0.1 ~ 2.5 weight part; Water 70 ~ 120 weight parts.
Wherein,
Described hollow ball is the coal gangue hollow ball of PCT patent " a kind of method and apparatus for preparing cenosphere " described in (PCT/CN2010/000538); Its preparation method is: the ratio take volume ratio as 1:4 with Coal gangue powder and water, and add simultaneously the ammonium citrate that accounts for cumulative volume 1vol.% and mix rear ball milling, prepare the slurry that solid load is 20vol.%; This slurry is added in the triton x-100 whipping agent of 1vol.%, fully stir, make stable foamed slurry; Stable foamed slurry is added centrifugal atomizing equipment, make its atomizing form hollow slurry drop, and spray in the forming room, the slurry drop drying that dries out fast forms coal gangue hollow ball base substrate, and wherein moulding room temp is 200 ℃; Coal gangue hollow ball base substrate is put into 1200 ℃ of kilns carry out sintering, make the coal gangue hollow ball; The tap density of the coal gangue hollow ball that makes is 100 ~ 600kg/m3; Diameter is 5 ~ 1000 μ m, and the room temperature thermal conductivity is less than 0.12W/mK;
Described glass powder is that softening temperature is 300 ~ 500 ℃ simple glass powder or boron glass powder;
Described high-temperature foaming agent is one or more the mixture in pure carbon, silicon carbide and the carbon black;
Described Resins, epoxy is glycidyl ether bisphenol A-type aqueous epoxy resins;
Described room temperature whipping agent is one or more the mixture in surfactant foaming agent, protein type whipping agent and the composite foamable agent.
Described inorganic heat insulation material with three grades of pore structures has three grades of pore structures:
The one-level hole is the hollow ball inside hole, and its porosity accounts for 20 ~ 65% of overall porosity, and aperture size is 0.01 ~ 0.05mm;
Second hole is the high temperature foam hole, and its porosity accounts for 15 ~ 60% of overall porosity, and aperture size is 0.05 ~ 0.2mm;
Three grades of holes are the room temperature foam hole, and its porosity accounts for 20 ~ 65% of overall porosity, and aperture size is 0.2 ~ 2mm;
Described apparent density with inorganic heat insulation material of three grades of pore structures is 100kg/m
3~ 500kg/m
3, ultimate compression strength is 0.5MPa ~ 10.0MPa, and thermal conductivity is 0.020W/ (mK) ~ 0.060W/ (mK), and water-intake rate is less than 3%.
A kind of preparation method with inorganic heat insulation material of three grades of pore structures comprises the steps:
(1) takes by weighing hollow ball 60 ~ 100 weight parts, glass powder 10 ~ 30 weight parts, high-temperature foaming agent 1 ~ 3 weight part, the powder that preparation mixes;
(2) take by weighing Resins, epoxy 5 ~ 15 weight parts, water 70 ~ 120 weight parts, the preparation Resins, epoxy aqueous solution;
(3) powder that step (1) is made joins in the Resins, epoxy aqueous solution that step (2) makes and stirs, and is prepared into to disperse uniform slurry;
(4) add room temperature whipping agent 0.1 ~ 2.5 weight part in the slurry that makes to step (3); Perhaps the room temperature whipping agent is made first foam, add in the slurry that step (3) makes again, the volume of the foam of adding is 2 ~ 8 times of described slurry volume; Then under the rotating speed of 200 ~ 2000rpm, stir 10 ~ 180s, prepare stable foamed slurry;
(5) the stable foamed slurry that step (4) is made is poured into die for molding, obtains base substrate after the self-vulcanizing; Through super-dry, binder removal, the inorganic heat insulation material finished product that obtains having three grades of pore structures is cooled off in high temperature foaming, insulation typing with described base substrate; The temperature of described high temperature foaming, insulation typing is 500 ~ 1000 ℃, and the time is 10min ~ 2h.
Wherein, the hollow ball described in the step (1) is the coal gangue hollow ball of PCT patent " a kind of method and apparatus for preparing cenosphere " described in (PCT/CN2010/000538); Its preparation method is: the ratio take volume ratio as 1:4 with Coal gangue powder and water, and add simultaneously the ammonium citrate that accounts for cumulative volume 1vol.% and mix rear ball milling, prepare the slurry that solid load is 20vol.%; This slurry is added in the triton x-100 whipping agent of 1vol.%, fully stir, make stable foamed slurry; Stable foamed slurry is added centrifugal atomizing equipment, make its atomizing form hollow slurry drop, and spray in the forming room, the slurry drop drying that dries out fast forms coal gangue hollow ball base substrate, and wherein moulding room temp is 200 ℃; Coal gangue hollow ball base substrate is put into 1200 ℃ of kilns carry out sintering, make the coal gangue hollow ball; The tap density of the coal gangue hollow ball that makes is 100 ~ 600kg/m
3Diameter is 5 ~ 1000 μ m, and the room temperature thermal conductivity is less than 0.12W/mK;
Glass powder described in the step (1) is that softening temperature is 300 ~ 500 ℃ simple glass powder or boron glass powder;
High-temperature foaming agent described in the step (1) is one or more the mixture in pure carbon, silicon carbide and the carbon black;
Resins, epoxy described in the step (2) is glycidyl ether bisphenol A-type aqueous epoxy resins;
Room temperature whipping agent described in the step (4) is one or more the mixture in surfactant foaming agent, protein type whipping agent and the composite foamable agent.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The inorganic heat insulation material of preparation belongs to three grades of pore structures take hollow ball as main raw material.Can make material have a large amount of pores by room temperature foaming technique, high temperature foaming technique, air vent wall is comprised of the hollow ball of countless sealings simultaneously, and this three grades of pore structures can significantly promote heat preservation and insulation and the mechanical property of material.By the hollow inorganic spheres cellular insulant that the present invention makes, have lightweight, heat insulation, insulation, fire prevention, durable characteristics, have simultaneously higher ultimate compression strength, can be used as good heat-insulating heat-preserving material and be used for building energy conservation.The preparation method of the inorganic heat insulation material with three grades of pore structures provided by the invention is simple and convenient, is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is coal gangue hollow ball microscopic appearance figure;
Fig. 2 is the preparation method's block diagram with inorganic heat insulation material of three grades of pore structures.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
Hollow ball: glass powder: high-temperature foaming agent: Resins, epoxy: the mass ratio between the water is 65:20:1:10:90, and the above-mentioned raw materials mixing and stirring is obtained slurry.Preparation foaming agent water solution: the animal whipping agent is obtained foaming agent water solution by the 1:100 dilution, again foaming agent water solution is joined foaming machine, make foam by foaming machine.Foam is joined in the above-mentioned slurry, and the volume that adds foam is 4 times of slurry volume, is poured in the mould after foam and slurry are stirred, and solidifies the demoulding behind the 24h, through super-dry, binder removal, and the high temperature foaming, insulation is finalized the design; Wherein, the temperature of high temperature foaming, insulation typing is 750 ℃, and the time is 30min; The inorganic heat insulation material that at last cooling obtains having three grades of pore structures.
Embodiment 2
Hollow ball: glass powder: high-temperature foaming agent: Resins, epoxy: the mass ratio between the water is 65:25:2:10:100, and the above-mentioned raw materials mixing and stirring is obtained slurry.Preparation foaming agent water solution: the animal whipping agent is obtained foaming agent water solution by the 1:100 dilution, again foaming agent water solution is joined foaming machine, make foam by foaming machine.Foam is joined in the above-mentioned slurry, and the volume that adds foam is 4 times of slurry volume, is poured in the mould after foam and slurry are stirred, and solidifies the demoulding behind the 24h, through super-dry, binder removal, and the high temperature foaming, insulation is finalized the design; Wherein, the temperature of high temperature foaming, insulation typing is 820 ℃, and the time is 20min; The inorganic heat insulation material that at last cooling obtains having three grades of pore structures.
Embodiment 3
Hollow ball: glass powder: high-temperature foaming agent: Resins, epoxy: the mass ratio between the water is 65:30:3:10:110, and the above-mentioned raw materials mixing and stirring is obtained slurry.Preparation foaming agent water solution: the animal whipping agent is obtained foaming agent water solution by the 1:100 dilution, again foaming agent water solution is joined foaming machine, make foam by foaming machine.Foam is joined in the above-mentioned slurry, and the volume that adds foam is 6 times of slurry volume, is poured in the mould after foam and slurry are stirred, and solidifies the demoulding behind the 24h, through super-dry, binder removal, and the high temperature foaming, insulation is finalized the design; Wherein, the temperature of high temperature foaming, insulation typing is 930 ℃, and the time is 30min; The inorganic heat insulation material that at last cooling obtains having three grades of pore structures.
Void content ratio and the physicals survey report of the hollow inorganic spheres lagging material in above-described embodiment are as shown in table 2:
Table 2 embodiment obtains void content ratio and the physicals of lagging material
As can be seen from the above table, the embodiment of the invention 1 ~ 3 prepared hollow inorganic spheres foam thermal insulation product has light weight, insulation, durable characteristics, has simultaneously higher-strength.
Claims (10)
1. the inorganic heat insulation material with three grades of pore structures is characterized in that, described inorganic heat insulation material with three grades of pore structures uses the composition that forms according to following weight part to make:
Hollow ball 60 ~ 100 weight parts; Glass powder 10 ~ 30 weight parts; High-temperature foaming agent 1 ~ 3 weight part; Resins, epoxy 5 ~ 15 weight parts; Room temperature whipping agent 0.1 ~ 2.5 weight part; Water 70 ~ 120 weight parts;
Wherein, the preparation method of described hollow ball is: the ratio take volume ratio as 1:4 with Coal gangue powder and water, and add simultaneously the ammonium citrate that accounts for cumulative volume 1vol.% and mix rear ball milling, prepare the slurry that solid load is 20vol.%; This slurry is added in the triton x-100 whipping agent of 1vol.%, fully stir, make stable foamed slurry; Stable foamed slurry is added centrifugal atomizing equipment, make its atomizing form hollow slurry drop, and spray in the forming room, the slurry drop drying that dries out fast forms coal gangue hollow ball base substrate, and wherein moulding room temp is 200 ℃; Coal gangue hollow ball base substrate is put into 1200 ℃ of kilns carry out sintering, make the coal gangue hollow ball; The tap density of the coal gangue hollow ball that makes is 100 ~ 600kg/m3; Diameter is 5 ~ 1000 μ m, and the room temperature thermal conductivity is less than 0.12W/mK.
2. the inorganic heat insulation material with three grades of pore structures according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described glass powder is that softening temperature is 300 ~ 500 ℃ simple glass powder or boron glass powder.
3. the inorganic heat insulation material with three grades of pore structures according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described high-temperature foaming agent is one or more the mixture in pure carbon, silicon carbide and the carbon black.
4. the inorganic heat insulation material with three grades of pore structures according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described Resins, epoxy is glycidyl ether bisphenol A-type aqueous epoxy resins.
5. the inorganic heat insulation material with three grades of pore structures according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described room temperature whipping agent is one or more the mixture in surfactant foaming agent, protein type whipping agent and the composite foamable agent.
6. the inorganic heat insulation material with three grades of pore structures according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described inorganic heat insulation material with three grades of pore structures has three grades of pore structures:
The one-level hole is the hollow ball inside hole, and its porosity accounts for 20 ~ 65% of overall porosity, and aperture size is 0.01 ~ 0.05mm;
Second hole is the high temperature foam hole, and its porosity accounts for 15 ~ 60% of overall porosity, and aperture size is 0.05 ~ 0.2mm;
Three grades of holes are the room temperature foam hole, and its porosity accounts for 20 ~ 65% of overall porosity, and aperture size is 0.2 ~ 2mm;
Described apparent density with inorganic heat insulation material of three grades of pore structures is 100kg/m
3~ 500kg/m
3, ultimate compression strength is 0.5MPa ~ 10.0MPa, and thermal conductivity is 0.020W/ (mK) ~ 0.060W/ (mK), and water-intake rate is less than 3%.
7. the preparation method with inorganic heat insulation material of three grades of pore structures claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) takes by weighing hollow ball 60 ~ 100 weight parts, glass powder 10 ~ 30 weight parts, high-temperature foaming agent 1 ~ 3 weight part, the powder that preparation mixes;
(2) take by weighing Resins, epoxy 5 ~ 15 weight parts, water 70 ~ 120 weight parts, the preparation Resins, epoxy aqueous solution;
(3) powder that step (1) is made joins in the Resins, epoxy aqueous solution that step (2) makes and stirs, and is prepared into to disperse uniform slurry;
(4) add room temperature whipping agent 0.1 ~ 2.5 weight part in the slurry that makes to step (3); Perhaps the room temperature whipping agent is made first foam, add in the slurry that step (3) makes again, the volume of the foam of adding is 2 ~ 8 times of described slurry volume; Then under the rotating speed of 200 ~ 2000rpm, stir 10 ~ 180s, prepare stable foamed slurry;
(5) the stable foamed slurry that step (4) is made is poured into die for molding, obtains base substrate after the self-vulcanizing; Through super-dry, binder removal, the inorganic heat insulation material finished product that obtains having three grades of pore structures is cooled off in high temperature foaming, insulation typing with described base substrate; The temperature of described high temperature foaming is 500 ~ 1000 ℃; The time of described insulation typing is 10min ~ 2h.
8. the preparation method with inorganic heat insulation material of three grades of pore structures according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of the hollow ball described in the step (1) is: the ratio take volume ratio as 1:4 with Coal gangue powder and water, add simultaneously the ammonium citrate that accounts for cumulative volume 1vol.% and mix rear ball milling, prepare the slurry that solid load is 20vol.%; This slurry is added in the triton x-100 whipping agent of 1vol.%, fully stir, make stable foamed slurry; Stable foamed slurry is added centrifugal atomizing equipment, make its atomizing form hollow slurry drop, and spray in the forming room, the slurry drop drying that dries out fast forms coal gangue hollow ball base substrate, and wherein moulding room temp is 200 ℃; Coal gangue hollow ball base substrate is put into 1200 ℃ of kilns carry out sintering, make the coal gangue hollow ball; The tap density of the coal gangue hollow ball that makes is 100 ~ 600kg/m
3Diameter is 5 ~ 1000 μ m, and the room temperature thermal conductivity is less than 0.12W/mK; Described glass powder is that softening temperature is 300 ~ 500 ℃ simple glass powder or boron glass powder; Described high-temperature foaming agent is one or more the mixture in pure carbon, silicon carbide and the carbon black.
9. the preparation method with inorganic heat insulation material of three grades of pore structures according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the Resins, epoxy described in the step (2) is glycidyl ether bisphenol A-type aqueous epoxy resins.
10. the preparation method with inorganic heat insulation material of three grades of pore structures according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the room temperature whipping agent described in the step (4) is one or more the mixture in surfactant foaming agent, protein type whipping agent and the composite foamable agent.
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