CN103008649A - Mixed powder for electric tool and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Mixed powder for electric tool and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of powder metallurgy, and particularly relates to mixed powder for an electric tool and a preparation method thereof. The mixed powder is characterized by being prepared by mixing and bonding water-atomized diffused alloy powder with water-atomized pure iron powder, graphite powder, copper powder and a lubricating agent in a segregation-free way, wherein the ratio of components by weight percentage as follows: 50-55 percent of water-atomized diffused alloy powder, 0.4-0.5 percent of graphite powder, 0.3-0.35 percent of copper powder, 0.7-0.8 percent of lubricating agent and the rest of water-atomized pure iron powder. The preferable ratio is as follows: 50 percent of water-atomized diffused alloy powder, 0.5 percent of graphite powder, 0.35 percent of copper powder, 0.7 percent of lubricating agent and the rest of water-atomized pure iron powder. Compared with the prior art, the mixed powder has the advantages that 1) the mix powder has over 7.05g/cm3 of compressed density; 2) alloy elements cannot be segregated in the transport and mixing treatment process; and 3) the mechanical performance of sintering parts is effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of powder metallurgy, be specifically related to a kind of electric tool mixed powder and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In order to improve sintered metal product intensity, toughness and apparent hardness, what adopt at present is sintering-quenching-tempering production technology.By selecting suitable alloying element, can effectively improve the hardenability of material, make goods in a series of heat treatment processes of process, the martensite phase transformation occur, has again simultaneously certain toughness, the water atomization alloyed powder can improve the sintered metal product comprehensive mechanical performance effectively, especially has good combination property on the shock-resistant product such as electric tool, and can guarantee the dimensional tolerance of sintered metal product, if adopt its weak point of the direct hybrid mode of alloy raw material to be, pressed density is not high enough, can only reach 7 g/cm
3Below; Alloying element can not be further in the goods sintering process complete alloying; In transportation and mixed processing process, can produce the alloy element component segregation; Thin alloying element powder particles can cause protuberance or reunite, and makes the mechanical performance of sintered part influenced.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electric tool with mixed powder and preparation method thereof, overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, improve the pressed density of product, reduce degree of segregation, improve the combination properties such as toughness of products, hardness, intensity.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of electric tool mixed powder, mix bonding with water atomization straight iron powder, graphite powder, copper powder and lubricant by the segregation-free mode by water atomization diffusion alloy powder and form, wherein the proportioning of each compositions in weight percentage is: 50～55% water atomization diffusion alloy powder, 0.4～0.5% graphite powder, 0.3～0.35% copper powder, 0.7～0.8% lubricant, surplus are the water atomization straight iron powder;
Chemical composition in the described water atomization straight iron powder is by weight percentage: C≤0.60%, Si≤0.50%, Mn≤0.50%, P≤0.050%, S≤0.050%, Fe are surplus;
Chemical composition in the described water atomization diffusion alloy powder is by weight percentage: Si≤0.50%, Mn≤0.50%, P≤0.050%, S≤0.050%, Ni 1.53～1.97%, Cu 1.30～1.68%, Mo0.10～0.62%, Fe are surplus;
The micro mist wax that comprises by weight percentage 15～25% zinc stearates and 75～85% in the described lubricant;
Described graphite powder granularity≤10 μ m, copper powder granularity≤75 μ m;
This electric tool is as follows with the preparation method's of mixed powder product concrete operation step:
1) selects apparent density 2.95～3.10g/cm
3With pressed density greater than 7.09g/cm
3The water atomization straight iron powder; The outward appearance of water atomization diffusion alloy powder, copper powder, graphite powder, lubricant is answered non-oxidation, caking, field trash and bulky grain;
2) add in the batch mixer and mixed 40～60 minutes by water atomization diffusion alloy powder, water atomization straight iron powder, graphite powder, the copper powder of prescription with whole components, the lubricant that adds formula ratio mixed 20～30 minutes again, detect apparent density, compressibility and flowability, mixed again 15～20 minutes as defective;
3) sampling detects indices, is finished product after the packing.
Described a kind of electric tool with the optimum ratio of each compositions in weight percentage in the mixed powder is: 50% water atomization diffusion alloy powder, 0.5% graphite powder, 0.35% copper powder, 0.7% lubricant, surplus are the water atomization straight iron powder.
The chemical composition of this product proportioning by weight percentage is: C 0.4～0.55%, Si≤0.50%, Mn≤0.50%, P≤0.050%, Ni 0.76～0.95%, Mo 0.16～0.27%, Cu 1.01～1.23%, S≤0.050%, Fe are surplus.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1) have higher compressibility, pressed density 〉=7.05g/cm
32) alloying element can be further in the goods sintering process complete alloying; 3) in transportation and mixed processing process, can not produce the alloy element component segregation, in the goods sintering process, can keep dimensional tolerance stable, be convenient to obtain the ferrous alloy product of uniform microstructure; 4) thin alloying element powder particles is bonded to and can reduces protuberance on the ferrous powder granules surface or reunite the more effective mechanical performance of improving sintered part.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the specific embodiment:
A kind of electric tool of the present invention preparation method of mixed powder, to mix bonding with water atomization straight iron powder, graphite powder, copper powder and lubricant by the segregation-free mode by the diffusion alloy powder to form, comprise that water atomization straight iron powder preparation process, diffusion alloy powder preparation process and segregation-free mix adhesion step, its specific implementation step is as follows:
One) preparation of water atomization straight iron powder comprises smelting, atomizing, reduction operation, is specifically described as follows:
1) smelt: take steel scrap, the pig iron etc. as primary raw material, the smelting by electric furnace obtains the molten steel that homogeneous chemical composition is stable, impurity is few, 1600～1800 ℃ of tapping temperatures, and its chemical composition is by weight percentage:
C≤0.60%, Si≤0.50%, Mn≤0.50%, P≤0.050%, S≤0.050%, surplus are Fe;
2) atomizing: atomization process is to implement by water atomizing system, atomizing pressure: 60～160Mpa, and the water atomization powder that obtains through dehydration, drying after the atomizing (being called for short the hair powder), baking temperature is 110～300 ℃, hydrogen loss≤3.0%
3) reduction: above-mentioned hair powder is reduced 800～1000 ℃ of 550～800 ℃ of high temperature section temperature of reduction furnace reduction preheating section temperature, 500～800 ℃ of cooling section temperature, ammonia flow 60～190m3/h, the speed of service 90～300 ㎜/min, thickness of feed layer 12～48 ㎜ through reduction furnace;
Hair powder after the reduction through broken, sieve, close batch, detect and obtain finished product water atomization straight iron powder.
Two) preparation method of water atomization diffusion alloy powder comprises smelting, atomizing, reduction, diffusing procedure, in the process of smelting, in molten steel, add certain proportion molybdenum-iron, molybdenum can improve intensity and the hardness of material effectively, be desirable pre-alloyed element, be specifically described as follows:
1) smelts: take steel scrap, the pig iron etc. as primary raw material, smelting by electric furnace obtains the molten steel that homogeneous chemical composition is stable, impurity is few, molybdenum adds in the steel when smelting as pre-alloyed element, and tapping temperature: 1600～1800 ℃, its chemical composition is by weight percentage:
Si≤0.50%, Mn≤0.50%, P≤0.050%, S≤0.050%, Mo0.10～3.0%, surplus are Fe.
2) atomizing: atomization process is to implement by water atomizing system, atomizing pressure: 60～160Mpa, and the water atomization alloyed powder that obtains through dehydration, drying after the atomizing (being called for short the hair powder), baking temperature is 110～300 ℃, hydrogen loss≤3.0%
3) reduction: above-mentioned hair powder is reduced 550～800 ℃ of reduction furnace reduction preheating section temperature, 800～1000 ℃ of high temperature section temperature, 500～800 ℃ of cooling section temperature, ammonia flow 60～190 m3/h, the speed of service 90～300 ㎜/min, thickness of feed layer 12～48 ㎜ through reduction furnace;
4) diffusion: the iron molybdenum powder after will reducing passes through fragmentation, sieves, closes and criticize, then ratio adds nickel powder on request, copper powder mixes through reduction furnace and spreads, 500～750 ℃ of reduction furnace diffusion preheating section temperature, 750～980 ℃ of high temperature section temperature, 450～750 ℃ of cooling section temperature, ammonia flow 60～190 m3/h, the speed of service 90～300 ㎜/min, thickness of feed layer 12～48 ㎜, the diffusion alloy powder that obtains passes through fragmentation, sieves, closes and criticize, detect, and obtains finished product water atomization diffusion alloy powder.
Three) segregation-free mixes bonding, and its concrete operation step is as follows:
1) selects apparent density 2.95～3.10g/cm
3With pressed density greater than 7.09g/cm
3The water atomization straight iron powder; The outward appearance of water atomization diffusion alloy powder, copper powder, graphite powder, lubricant is answered non-oxidation, caking, field trash and bulky grain;
2) add in the batch mixer and mixed 40～60 minutes by water atomization diffusion alloy powder, water atomization straight iron powder, graphite powder, the copper powder of prescription with whole components, the lubricant that adds formula ratio mixed 20～30 minutes again, detect apparent density, pressed density and flowability, mixed again 15～20 minutes as defective;
3) sampling detects indices, is finished product after the packing.
Embodiment 1
50% water atomization diffusion alloy powder, 0.5% graphite powder, 0.35% copper powder, 0.7% lubricant, surplus are the water atomization straight iron powder.Its chemical composition proportioning by weight percentage is: C 0.52%, Si 0.032%, Mn 0.15%, P 0.014%, Ni 0.91%, Mo 0.24%, Cu 1.11%, S 0.023%, Fe are surplus.
Embodiment 2
52% water atomization diffusion alloy powder, 0.45% graphite powder, 0.33% copper powder, 0.75% lubricant, surplus are the water atomization straight iron powder.Its chemical composition proportioning by weight percentage is: C 0.47%, Si 0.032%, Mn 0.15%, P 0.014%, Ni 0.93%, Mo 0.25%, Cu 1.10%, S 0.023%, Fe are surplus.
Embodiment 3
55% water atomization diffusion alloy powder, 0.4% graphite powder, 0.31% copper powder, 0.8% lubricant, surplus are the water atomization straight iron powder.Its chemical composition proportioning by weight percentage is C 0.41%, Si 0.032%, Mn 0.15%, P 0.014%, Ni 0.99%, Mo 0.26%, Cu 1.13%, S 0.023%, and Fe is surplus.
In above-described embodiment, the chemical composition in the water atomization straight iron powder is by weight percentage: C≤0.60%, Si≤0.50%, Mn≤0.50%, P≤0.050%, S≤0.050%, Fe are surplus.Chemical composition in the water atomization diffusion alloy powder is by weight percentage: Si≤0.50%, Mn≤0.50%, P≤0.050%, S≤0.050%, Ni 1.53～1.97%, Cu 1.30～1.68%, Mo0.10～0.62%, surplus are Fe.The micro mist wax that comprises by weight percentage 15～25% zinc stearates and 75～85% in the lubricant.Graphite powder granularity≤10 μ m, copper powder granularity≤75 μ m.
The physical property of the embodiment of the invention such as following table 1.
Table 1
| Embodiment | Apparent density g/cm 3 | Mobile (s/50g) | Pressed density g/cm 3 |
| 1 | 3.35 | 34.9 | 7.058 |
| 2 | 3.38 | 34.6 | 7.054 |
| 3 | 3.29 | 33.8 | 7.053 |
With above-mentioned three embodiment at 1120 ℃, 60min, H
2100%, sintering under the sintering condition of 880 ℃ of hardening heats, 180 ℃ of temperatures, and detect its sintering character such as following table 2 by the forcing press of 6 tons of unit pressures.
Table 2
| Embodiment | Hot strength N/mm 3 | Sintered dimensions changes % | Quenching hardness HRC | Tempering hardness HRC |
| 1 | 457.15 | -0.188 | 42.9 | 37.2 |
| 2 | 468.41 | -0.033 | 41.5 | 35.8 |
| 3 | 481.53 | -0.041 | 39.6 | 35.1 |
Claims (3)
1. electric tool mixed powder, it is characterized in that, mix bonding with water atomization straight iron powder, graphite powder, copper powder and lubricant by the segregation-free mode by water atomization diffusion alloy powder and form, wherein the proportioning of each compositions in weight percentage is: 50～55% water atomization diffusion alloy powder, 0.4～0.5% graphite powder, 0.3～0.35% copper powder, 0.7～0.8% lubricant, surplus are the water atomization straight iron powder;
Chemical composition in the described water atomization straight iron powder is by weight percentage: C≤0.60%, Si≤0.50%, Mn≤0.50%, P≤0.050%, S≤0.050%, Fe are surplus;
Chemical composition in the described water atomization diffusion alloy powder is by weight percentage: Si≤0.50%, Mn≤0.50%, P≤0.050%, S≤0.050%, Ni 1.53～1.97%, Cu 1.30～1.68%, Mo0.10～0.62%, Fe are surplus;
The micro mist wax that comprises by weight percentage 15～25% zinc stearates and 75～85% in the described lubricant;
Described graphite powder granularity≤10 μ m, copper powder granularity≤75 μ m;
This electric tool is as follows with the preparation method's of mixed powder product concrete operation step:
1) selects apparent density 2.95～3.10g/cm
3With pressed density greater than 7.09g/cm
3The water atomization straight iron powder; The outward appearance of water atomization diffusion alloy powder, copper powder, graphite powder, lubricant is answered non-oxidation, caking, field trash and bulky grain;
2) add in the batch mixer and mixed 40～60 minutes by water atomization diffusion alloy powder, water atomization straight iron powder, graphite powder, the copper powder of prescription with whole components, the lubricant that adds formula ratio mixed 20～30 minutes again, detect apparent density, compressibility and flowability, mixed again 15～20 minutes as defective;
3) sampling detects indices, is finished product after the packing.
2. a kind of electric tool mixed powder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the optimum ratio of described each compositions in weight percentage is: 50% water atomization diffusion alloy powder, 0.5% graphite powder, 0.35% copper powder, 0.7% lubricant, surplus are the water atomization straight iron powder.
3. a kind of electric tool mixed powder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the chemical composition of this product proportioning by weight percentage is: C 0.4～0.55%, Si≤0.50%, Mn≤0.50%, P≤0.050%, Ni 0.76～0.95%, Mo 0.16～0.27%, Cu 1.01～1.23%, S≤0.050%, Fe are surplus.
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| CN106141168A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-11-23 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | A kind of wet method anti-oxidation method of copper powder |
| CN107297494A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-10-27 | 江苏军威电子科技有限公司 | A kind of garden tool set mixed powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN107297495A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-10-27 | 江苏军威电子科技有限公司 | A kind of electric tool mixed powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN107321973A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-11-07 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of preparation of lubricant for powder metallurgy and bonding mixed-powder manufacture method |
| CN108160987A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-15 | 鞍钢重型机械有限责任公司 | A kind of phosphorous mixing iron powder of automobile and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106141168A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-11-23 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | A kind of wet method anti-oxidation method of copper powder |
| CN110234448B (en) * | 2017-02-02 | 2021-10-29 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Mixed powder for powder metallurgy, sintered body, and method for producing sintered body |
| CN110234448A (en) * | 2017-02-02 | 2019-09-13 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | The manufacturing method of powder used in metallurgy mixed powder, sintered body and sintered body |
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| CN110267754A (en) * | 2017-02-02 | 2019-09-20 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | The manufacturing method of powder used in metallurgy mixed powder, sintered body and sintered body |
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| CN107297495A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-10-27 | 江苏军威电子科技有限公司 | A kind of electric tool mixed powder and preparation method thereof |
| WO2018232814A1 (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2018-12-27 | 江苏军威电子科技有限公司 | Mixed powder for use in gardening tools and preparation method thereof |
| CN107297494A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-10-27 | 江苏军威电子科技有限公司 | A kind of garden tool set mixed powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN107321973A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-11-07 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of preparation of lubricant for powder metallurgy and bonding mixed-powder manufacture method |
| CN108160987B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2020-06-16 | 鞍钢(鞍山)冶金粉材有限公司 | Phosphorus-containing mixed iron powder for automobiles and preparation method thereof |
| CN108160987A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-15 | 鞍钢重型机械有限责任公司 | A kind of phosphorous mixing iron powder of automobile and preparation method thereof |
| CN112410657A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-02-26 | 山东鲁银新材料科技有限公司 | Powder metallurgy composition for high-performance automobile synchronizer gear hub and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113649559A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-16 | 鞍钢(鞍山)冶金粉材有限公司 | Straight gear mixed iron powder for powder metallurgy and preparation method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20170330 Address after: Lingshan Hongqi Road 114042 Anshan city of Liaoning Province, Lishan District No. 9 Patentee after: Anshan Iron and steel (Anshan) metallurgical powder Co., Ltd. Address before: Anshan City, Liaoning province 114000 Lishan District Jianguo Road 40 A Patentee before: Angang Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd. |