CN103008582A - Continuous casting device and method for copper pipe with straight fins at inner wall - Google Patents
Continuous casting device and method for copper pipe with straight fins at inner wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN103008582A CN103008582A CN2012105509235A CN201210550923A CN103008582A CN 103008582 A CN103008582 A CN 103008582A CN 2012105509235 A CN2012105509235 A CN 2012105509235A CN 201210550923 A CN201210550923 A CN 201210550923A CN 103008582 A CN103008582 A CN 103008582A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a continuous casting device and a continuous casting method for a copper pipe with straight fins at the inner wall. The continuous casting device comprises a liquid level, a crucible, a heating element, a horizontal pipe, an outer mold, an inner core, a cooler, a dummy ingot pipe and a traction mechanism, wherein the outer circumference of the inner core is provided with a fin groove, the inner core for forming an inner cavity of the copper pipe is placed in a hollow cavity provided by the outer mold for forming the copper pipe appearance, a casting mold is formed through combination, the casting mold is connected with the crucible through the horizontal pipe, the casting mold formed by the crucible, the horizontal pipe, the outer mold and the inner core is respectively provided with the heating element capable of heating to be higher than the copper melting temperature, one end of the dummy ingot pipe is inserted into the outer mold and is combined with the inner core to form an annular mold cavity, the other end of the dummy ingot pipe is clamped in the traction mechanism, and the outer periphery of the dummy ingot pipe is provided with the cooler used for externally cooling the dummy ingot pipe. The continuous casting device is reasonable in design and is convenient and practical. The continuous casting method is convenient to operate, and the production process is stable and reliable. The copper pipe with a plurality of high and thin straight fins at the inner wall of the pipe can be cast, and the inner wall of the copper pipe has the smooth surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is continuous casting apparatus and the method for the copper pipe of a kind of inwall with straight fins, belongs to inwall and has the continuous casting apparatus of copper pipe of straight fins and the renovation technique of method.
Background technology
Straight fin copper pipe is the very high copper pipe of a kind of heat exchange efficiency in existing.It is provided with many longitudinally high fins at the inwall of pipe, has greatly increased the heat exchange area of inside pipe wall, makes simultaneously the flow regime of tube fluid become turbulent condition from the advection state-transition, has strengthened the heat convection of fluid, improves exponentially heat exchange efficiency.The thickness of fin is thinner, and is highly higher, and the increase of heat exchange area is larger.Existing known tube-making technology is plastic processing method, as stretch, extruding, make copper in solid-state current downflow, fill narrow and dark groove on the shaping dies and form fin.Because be subjected to copper in the restriction of solid-state lower flowability, fin must design thicklyer, and highly smaller, just can obtain fin full, that perfect.For example, 1987 by straight fin copper pipe in China Science Tech Publishing House publishes, China YouSe parent company compiles " China YouSe metal product catalogue " middle two kinds of announcing, external diameter is 16mm, thickness of pipe wall reaches 2～4mm, fin thickness in the pipe reaches 1.2mm, and can only arrange 10, causes the intraductal heat exchange area change little, and the copper pipe quality of unit length increases greatly, thereby has increased cost.And for example " rare metal " magazine volume April the 22nd in 1998 has been announced a kind of drawing process, is stretched to diameter 21.6mm with the pipe tube reducing of diameter 25mm.18 straight wings of design in the pipe, height design is 1mm.But owing to be subjected to the flowability affects of copper, the fin height of stretching gained only has (0.5～0.6) mm.
Common continuous casting process also can be used for tubulation.Water mold is adopted in common continuous casting, for making cast tube demoulding from the crystallizer, must adopt to draw-stop-mode of La, makes foundry goods be solidified to the solidification layer of adequate thickness in crystallizer, and the ability drawing demoulding makes the disengaging of foundry goods and crystallizer.This mode makes cast(ing) surface produce periodic scar, even crackle, must remove superficial layer could use.In addition, the inwall of cast tube is formed by interior crystallizer, and the contraction that cast tube produces when solidifying cooling packs tightly interior crystallizer, produces very large frictional force, causes cast tube to be difficult to the demoulding.Therefore common continuous casting process clearly can not be used for the continuous casting of thin-wall copper pipe, more can not be used for the continuous casting of inner fin copper pipe.
Chinese patent ZL01107684.4(is day openly: the continuous casing that on September 8th, 2004) discloses a kind of heated mold formula, it utilizes copper to have good flowability in molten condition, can fill narrow and dark groove, thereby form pipe fitting thin-walled, complex-shaped.This invention proposes to adopt vertical drop-down continuous casting mode.Situation when the operator is difficult to observe cast tube and pulls out from casting mold can not be adjusted rapidly relevant technological parameters but in this manner,, thereby often causing bleedout, copper liquid flows out from casting mold in a large number, and the continuous casting process is interrupted, simultaneously the operator is consisted of danger, technical process is unreliable.In addition, in vertical pull-down, the operation such as the installation of casting mold, replacing is all inconvenient.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to consider the problems referred to above and provide a kind of reasonable in design that convenient and practical inwall has the continuous casting apparatus of the copper pipe of straight fins.The inwall that the present invention can cast out pipe comprises the copper pipe of many high and thin straight fins, and the inwall of copper pipe has smooth surface.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of easy to operate, the reliable inwall of stable production process has the continuous casing of the copper pipe of straight fins.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: inwall of the present invention has the continuous casting apparatus of the copper pipe of straight fins, include liquid level, crucible, heating element heater, horizontal tube, external form, excircle is provided with the inner core of fin groove, cooler, the dummy ingot pipe, haulage gear, the inner core that wherein forms the copper pipe inner chamber places in the set hollow cavity of the external form that forms the copper pipe profile, be combined into a casting mold, casting mold is connected with crucible by horizontal tube, crucible, horizontal tube, the casting mold that external form and inner core form all is provided with the above heating element heater of fusion temperature that can be heated to copper, one end of dummy ingot pipe inserts the ring-type die cavity that forms after external form and the inner core combination, the other end of dummy ingot pipe is clipped in the haulage gear, and the periphery of dummy ingot pipe is provided with the cooler that the dummy ingot pipe is carried out outer cooling.
The position of the liquid level in the above-mentioned crucible after the copper fusing exceeds the position of the center line of horizontal tube, and the vertical height between the center line of liquid level and horizontal tube is h, and this height h is called pressure head.
Inwall of the present invention has the continuous casing of the copper pipe of straight fins, comprises the steps:
1) casting mold with external form and inner core composition is heated to more than the fusion temperature of copper; The static pressure that relies on the interior copper liquid of crucible to produce makes copper liquid overcome the surface tension of self and enters the narrow die cavity of casting mold, is full of narrow and dark fin groove, thereby forms fin in the fin groove;
2) with cooler water spray cooling dummy ingot pipe, make the dummy ingot pipe be cooled to the fusion temperature that temperature is lower than copper, the dummy ingot pipe inserts casting mold from the outlet of casting mold, with the copper liquid fusion in the casting mold;
3) the dummy ingot pipe is flatly pulled out from the casting mold outlet, the copper of dummy ingot pipe the inner solidifies continuously, forms pipe fitting, is pulled out continuously.
The present invention is owing to adopt the side-lower at crucible to connect the horizontal tube that a level is installed, the other end of horizontal tube is connected to form the structure of the casting mold of copper pipe, rely on the static pressure that copper liquid produces in the crucible, make copper liquid overcome the surface tension of self and enter narrow die cavity, fill the groove that forms fin, thereby form narrow and high fin.In addition, the present invention is for making the copper pipe can be from the smooth demoulding of casting mold, all processes tapering at the port of export of external form and inner core, makes copper pipe in case pulling just breaks away from casting mold.The danger of bleedout occurs in this taper design in the time of can also preventing the casting parameters fluctuation.Temperature is lower than the dummy ingot pipe of copper liquid fusion temperature from the port of export insertion casting mold of casting mold, the copper liquid in its front end and the casting mold is fused fully.When the dummy ingot pipe is pulled out by level, the copper pipe that has solidified in the casting mold is drawn, thereby continuous casting goes out interior straight fins pipe.It is ingenious that inwall of the present invention has the continuous casting apparatus design of copper pipe of straight fins, function admirable, and convenient and practical, continuous casing of the present invention is easy to operate, guarantees that stable production process is reliable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of continuous casting apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that copper pipe of the present invention solidifies the position and is conducive to the casting mold structure schematic diagram of the copper pipe demoulding.
Fig. 3 forms copper pipe die cavity figure after external form of the present invention and the inner core combination.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment:
The structural representation of continuous casting apparatus of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, inwall of the present invention has the continuous casting apparatus of the copper pipe of straight fins, include liquid level 1, crucible 2, heating element heater 3, horizontal tube 5, external form 6, excircle is provided with the inner core 7 of fin groove 71, cooler 8, dummy ingot pipe 9, haulage gear 10, the inner core 7 that wherein forms the copper pipe inner chamber places in the set hollow cavity of the external form 6 that forms the copper pipe profile, be combined into a casting mold, casting mold is connected with crucible 2 by horizontal tube 5, crucible 2, horizontal tube 5, the casting mold that external form 6 and inner core 7 form all is provided with the above heating element heater 3 of fusion temperature that can be heated to copper, one end of dummy ingot pipe 9 inserts external form 6 and the rear ring-type die cavity that forms of inner core 7 combinations, the other end of dummy ingot pipe 9 is clipped in the haulage gear 10, and the periphery of dummy ingot pipe 9 is provided with the cooler (8) that dummy ingot pipe 9 is carried out outer cooling.
The position of the liquid level 1 after the above-mentioned crucible 2 interior copper fusings exceeds the position of the center line 4 of horizontal tube 5, and the vertical height between the center line 4 of liquid level 1 and horizontal tube 5 is h, and this height h is called pressure head.Pressure head is that copper liquid obtains mobile power with being full of die cavity.When die cavity was very narrow, copper liquid formed very little radius of curvature in die cavity, thereby produced very large additional surface tension force, stoped flowing of copper liquid.Must improve pressure head, overcome the resistance that surface tension causes, copper liquid could continue to flow, and fills die cavity.Therefore, to the foundry goods of different wall, should set different pressure heads.Although high pressure head is conducive to be full of narrow die cavity, also be easy to make copper pipe have little time cooled and solidified, cause copper liquid to spill from the casting mold front end, cause bleedout.Therefore, to the foundry goods of certain wall thickness, a suitable pressure head scope is arranged, so that can guarantee the good type that fills, obtain sound foundry goods, guarantee simultaneously to be not easy bleedout, the continuous casting process is carried out smoothly.
Vertical height h between the center line 4 of above-mentioned liquid level 1 and horizontal tube 5 is 30～120mm.
The excircle of above-mentioned inner core 7 be provided with five equilibrium, spacing is not less than the fin groove of 1.5mm.
The width of the fin groove that above-mentioned inner core 7 excircles are set is 0.2～0.8mm, and the degree of depth is 0.5～3mm.
The heating-up temperature of above-mentioned crucible 2, horizontal tube 5 is 1100 ℃～1150 ℃, and external form 6 is 1050 ℃～1090 ℃ with the heating-up temperature of the casting mold that inner core 7 forms.
The port of export 11 of above-mentioned external form 6 and inner core 7 all is provided with is convenient to make the tapering that copper pipe is smooth and casting mold breaks away from that solidifies, the method for explanation cast tube demoulding from casting mold in Fig. 2.Foundry goods from settable liquid become solid-state after, in temperature-fall period subsequently, appearance and size will be dwindled, and be called linear shrinkage.For the tubular cast of hollow, cast tube packs tightly inner core 7 when shrinking, and produces very large package power; Simultaneously, the fin of embedding inner core has increased the frictional force of cast tube and inner core greatly.These power so that cast tube be difficult to separate with inner core.Also produce frictional force between external form and the cast tube.Frictional force also makes the cast tube surface produce and draws trace even crackle except hindering the demoulding.In order to overcome this difficulty, the tapering of the outlet of external form 6 and inner core 7 is 1:100～1:20.Wherein, the port of export of external form 6 processes the tapering of 0～1:30 in the cast tube, processes the tapering of 0～1:20, both tapering equal in length at the cast tube port of export of inner core.Casting mold is heated to more than the fusing point of copper, makes copper liquid in casting mold, can not solidify and be full of die cavity.At casting mold exterior-applied liquid medicine cooling dummy ingot pipe, make copper liquid in the casting mold gradually from the casting mold outlet to casting mold in cooled and solidified.When solidifying the position when arriving the tapering starting point, start haulage gear 10, will just solidify and also not have the copper pipe of too much contraction to pull out.Because the tapered configuration of casting mold, in case cast tube is pulled, just disengages with casting mold and can not pack tightly inner core, thus the smoothly demoulding, and obtain bright and clean surface.
The tapered configuration of casting mold can also prevent bleedout.If solidify the position because the impact of various technological parameter fluctuations and when moving to the casting mold Way out, because there is certain length in the tapering district, still is in the tapering district so that solidify the position, thereby bleedout can not occurs.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned cooler 8 is water spraying cooler.
Inwall of the present invention has the continuous casing of the copper pipe of straight fins, comprises the steps:
1) external form 6 and the casting mold that inner core 7 forms are heated to more than the fusion temperature of copper; The static pressure that relies on crucible 2 interior copper liquid to produce makes copper liquid overcome the surface tension of self and enters the narrow die cavity of casting mold, is full of narrow and dark fin groove, thereby forms fin in the fin groove;
2) with cooler 8 water spray cooling dummy ingot pipes 9, make dummy ingot pipe 9 be cooled to the fusion temperature that temperature is lower than copper, dummy ingot pipe 9 inserts casting mold from the outlet of casting mold, with the copper liquid fusion in the casting mold;
3) dummy ingot pipe 9 is flatly pulled out from the casting mold outlet, the copper of dummy ingot pipe 9 the inners solidifies continuously, forms pipe fitting, is pulled out continuously.
Following embodiment is used for the technique of straight fins pipe in the explanation continuous casting of the present invention.
Form the inner core of inserting diameter 9mm in the external form of external diameter 10 mm copper pipes, inner core along excircle etc. minute be milled with 16 grooves, the width 0.3mm of groove, degree of depth 1mm.The material of external form and inner core is graphite.External form and inner core are combined into the copper pipe casting mold with annular gap like this.The copper pipe of dummy ingot is inserted in the annular gap of casting mold, and water directly cools off the dummy ingot pipe.With crucible heating to 1120 ℃, make the copper fusing, its liquid level to casting mold centre-height is 120mm.Copper liquid flows into casting mold under the effect of pressure head, be full of the groove of inner core, and fuses with the dummy ingot pipe.After horizontal tube and casting mold be heated to 1085 ℃, cooling water is moved to the place apart from casting mold 50mm, start carry-over pinch rolls and with the speed of 30mm/min the dummy ingot pipe is pulled out.After this, shorten one by one the cooling water distance to 5mm, simultaneously hauling speed is increased to 300mm/min.The pipe fin that continuous casting goes out is full, sound, smooth surface.
Form the inner core of inserting diameter 4mm in the external form of external diameter 5 mm copper pipes, inner core along excircle etc. minute be milled with 8 grooves, the width 0.3mm of groove, degree of depth 0.8mm.The material of external form and inner core is graphite.External form and inner core are combined into the copper pipe casting mold with annular gap like this.The copper pipe of dummy ingot is inserted in the annular gap of casting mold, and water directly cools off the dummy ingot pipe.With crucible heating to 1120 ℃, make the copper fusing, its liquid level to casting mold centre-height is 110mm.Copper liquid flows into casting mold under the effect of pressure head, be full of the groove of inner core, and fuses with the dummy ingot pipe.After horizontal tube and casting mold be heated to 1085 ℃, cooling water is moved to the place apart from casting mold 50mm, start carry-over pinch rolls and with the speed of 30mm/min the dummy ingot pipe is pulled out.After this, shorten one by one the cooling water distance to 5mm, improve simultaneously hauling speed to 300mm/min.The pipe fin that continuous casting goes out is full, sound, smooth surface.
Form the inner core of inserting diameter 14.5mm in the external form of external diameter 16 mm copper pipes, inner core along excircle etc. minute be milled with 24 grooves, the width 0.5mm of groove, degree of depth 1.2mm.The material of external form and inner core is graphite.External form and inner core are combined into the copper pipe casting mold with annular gap like this.The copper pipe of dummy ingot is inserted in the annular gap of casting mold, and water directly cools off the dummy ingot pipe.With crucible heating to 1120 ℃, make the copper fusing, its liquid level to casting mold centre-height is 40mm.Copper liquid flows into casting mold under the effect of pressure head, be full of the groove of inner core, and fuses with the dummy ingot pipe.After horizontal tube and casting mold be heated to 1085 ℃, cooling water is moved to the place apart from casting mold 50mm, start carry-over pinch rolls and with the speed of 30mm/min the dummy ingot pipe is pulled out.After this, shorten one by one the cooling water distance to 5mm, improve simultaneously hauling speed to 300mm/min.The pipe fin that continuous casting goes out is full, sound, smooth surface.
Claims (10)
1. an inwall has the continuous casting apparatus of the copper pipe of straight fins, it is characterized in that including liquid level (1), crucible (2), heating element heater (3), horizontal tube (5), external form (6), excircle is provided with the inner core (7) of fin groove (71), cooler (8), dummy ingot pipe (9), haulage gear (10), the inner core (7) that wherein forms the copper pipe inner chamber places in the set hollow cavity of the external form (6) that forms the copper pipe profile, be combined into a casting mold, casting mold is connected with crucible (2) by horizontal tube (5), crucible (2), horizontal tube (5), the casting mold that external form (6) and inner core (7) form all is provided with the above heating element heater (3) of fusion temperature that can be heated to copper, one end of dummy ingot pipe (9) inserts external form (6) and the rear ring-type die cavity that forms of inner core (7) combination, the other end of dummy ingot pipe (9) is clipped in the haulage gear (10), and the periphery of dummy ingot pipe (9) is provided with the cooler (8) that dummy ingot pipe (9) is carried out outer cooling.
2. inwall according to claim 1 has the continuous casting apparatus of the copper pipe of straight fins, it is characterized in that the position of the liquid level (1) after the interior copper of above-mentioned crucible (2) melts exceeds the position of the center line (4) of horizontal tube (5), vertical height between the center line (4) of liquid level (1) and horizontal tube (5) is h, and this height h is called pressure head.
3. inwall according to claim 1 has the continuous casting apparatus of the copper pipe of straight fins, it is characterized in that the vertical height h between the center line (4) of above-mentioned liquid level (1) and horizontal tube (5) is 30～120mm.
4. inwall according to claim 1 has the continuous casing of the copper pipe of straight fins, the excircle that it is characterized in that above-mentioned inner core (7) be provided with five equilibrium, spacing is not less than the fin groove of 1.5mm.
5. inwall according to claim 1 has the continuous casting apparatus of the copper pipe of straight fins, it is characterized in that the width of the fin groove that above-mentioned inner core (7) excircle is set is 0.2～0.8mm, and the degree of depth is 0.5～3mm.
6. inwall according to claim 1 has the continuous casting apparatus of the copper pipe of straight fins, and the heating-up temperature that it is characterized in that above-mentioned crucible (2), horizontal tube (5) is 1100 ℃～1150 ℃.
7. inwall according to claim 1 has the continuous casting apparatus of the copper pipe of straight fins, it is characterized in that the heating-up temperature of the casting mold that above-mentioned external form (6) and inner core (7) form is 1050 ℃～1090 ℃.
8. inwall according to claim 1 has the continuous casting apparatus of the copper pipe of straight fins, the port of export that it is characterized in that above-mentioned external form (6) and inner core (7) all be provided be convenient to make the copper pipe that solidifies smoothly with the tapering of casting mold disengaging, the tapering of the outlet of external form (6) and inner core (7) is 1:100～1:20.
9. inwall according to claim 1 has the continuous casting apparatus of the copper pipe of straight fins, it is characterized in that above-mentioned cooler (8) is water spraying cooler.
10. an inwall has the continuous casing of the copper pipe of straight fins, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) external form (6) and the casting mold that inner core (7) forms are heated to more than the fusion temperature of copper; The static pressure that relies on the interior copper liquid of crucible (2) to produce makes copper liquid overcome the surface tension of self and enters the narrow die cavity of casting mold, is full of narrow and dark fin groove, thereby forms fin in the fin groove;
2) with cooler (8) water spray cooling dummy ingot pipe (9), make dummy ingot pipe (9) be cooled to the fusion temperature that temperature is lower than copper, dummy ingot pipe (9) inserts casting mold from the outlet of casting mold, with the copper liquid fusion in the casting mold;
3) dummy ingot pipe (9) is flatly pulled out from the casting mold outlet, the inner copper of dummy ingot pipe (9) solidifies continuously, forms pipe fitting, is pulled out continuously.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012105509235A CN103008582A (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2012-12-18 | Continuous casting device and method for copper pipe with straight fins at inner wall |
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| CN2012105509235A CN103008582A (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2012-12-18 | Continuous casting device and method for copper pipe with straight fins at inner wall |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN106180602A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2016-12-07 | 嘉善百润机械配件有限公司 | Pipe or the former of bar |
| CN106424613A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-02-22 | 郑州中拓知识产权代理有限公司 | Copper rod continuous casting machine |
| CN109894590A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-18 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of continuous casting installation for casting and method of major diameter copper alloy tube |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN106180602A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2016-12-07 | 嘉善百润机械配件有限公司 | Pipe or the former of bar |
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| CN106424613A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-02-22 | 郑州中拓知识产权代理有限公司 | Copper rod continuous casting machine |
| CN109894590A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-18 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of continuous casting installation for casting and method of major diameter copper alloy tube |
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Application publication date: 20130403 |