CN103008331B - The recycling processing method of one way of life rubbish and biochemical sludge - Google Patents
The recycling processing method of one way of life rubbish and biochemical sludge Download PDFInfo
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- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses the recycling processing method of one way of life rubbish and biochemical sludge, its feature comprises refuse classification, sludge drying, low temperature distillation, melting incinerating, Oil-gas Separation purification and fume treatment, concrete steps are as follows: 1), by house refuse send into refuse classification operation, sub-elect available fuel; Biochemical sludge is sent into sludge drying operation, produce dewatered sludge; 2), by available fuel and dewatered sludge send into low temperature distillation operation, produce destructive distillation oil gas and destructive distillation residue; 3), by destructive distillation oil gas and destructive distillation residue send into oil-feed gas isolation of purified and melting incinerating operation, isolate tar and glassy solids residue; 4), flue gas high altitude discharge after the process of fume treatment operation of melting incinerating operation generation.The present invention is conducive to the difficult problem solving rubbish and the pollution of sludge incineration generation bioxin, is conducive to the recycling of house refuse and biochemical sludge, reduces the difficulty of refuse classification, be convenient to industrial applications.<!--1-->
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to method house refuse and biochemical sludge being carried out processing, specifically, relate to the recycling processing method of one way of life rubbish and biochemical sludge.
Background technology
Along with the expansion of the growth of population, the progress of urbanization and city size, the municipal refuse generation of China also day by day increases, not only serious harm environment, and also occupy a large amount of land resource, some city even causes the situation of garbage-surrounded city.According to 668 Urban Statisticals in the whole nation, the house refuse that the whole nation produces for 1 year has at present reached 1.5 hundred million t, and refuse production is at about 450 ~ 500kg per capita, and constantly increases in the growth rate with annual 8% ~ 9%.House refuse is after suitably compressing, and density is about 0.8t/m3, and therefore, 1.5 hundred million tons of house refuses are equivalent to 1.875 billion cubic meters.
In addition along with the raising of urban wastewater treatment level, the process of corresponding biochemical sludge more and more becomes a difficult problem.
Current engineer applied is in the world the most extensive and effective biochemical rubbish and biochemical sludge processing method mainly contain sanitary landfills, burning, three kinds, compost.
Sanitary landfills is a kind of final processing mode of solid residue, is a kind of requisite disposal options.But the maximum problem of sanitary landfills is place election difficulty, find suitable landfill place after Closure of landfill site more more and more difficult especially, the landfill yard away from city will increase more freight.In addition, along with the raising of landfill stabilization standard, the processing cost of sanitary landfill method also can be more and more higher; Refuse landfill also brings a lot of unfavorable factor, landfill yard utilize volume reducing, production rate of methane reduce, percolate complicated component and be difficult to process, cause the effect of landfill stabilization not reach designing requirement due to engineering construction unpredictable element, thus cause the secondary pollution of surrounding environment.
Burning disposal can make rubbish reduce volume; minimizing is comparatively thorough, processing speed is fast; play an important role in environmental protection and Ecological Construction; but because the calorific value of China's rubbish is lower; cause burning disposal to be invested and operating cost large, China is founding a capital and built garbage burning factory a lot needs by oil application burning and adds carbon burning ability incendivity.In incineration technology and technique, still have many problems to need to solve, than if any: improve and burn effect, make burning more abundant, reduce the growing amount of pollutant in incineration process of domestic garbage; The purification techniques of research, the effective NOx of exploiting economy, heavy metal and organic pollutant and technique, especially strengthen the process of Dui bioxin and avoid the generation of bioxin; The raw landfill of ash Slag treatment rear guard.But waste incineration also has a derivative advantage to be exactly the biochemical sludge of neighbouring Sewage Plant (after mummification) can be added incinerator in the lump to process, and so just has the Treatment of Sludge of the Sewage Plant of areal to have found new outlet.
Compost be rely on nature extensively to exist the metabolic activity of the microorganism such as bacterium, actinomyces, fungi to the organic substance of degrading in rubbish, make it the process of stabilisation.Microbial growth breeding is subject to the impact of following many factors: content, moisture content, the ventilation oxygen supply situation of organic matter in garbage matter, turn requirement, carbon-nitrogen ratio (adding fertilizer as required), compost temperature, pH value and natural climate condition etc.Effectively promoting and controlling the normal procreation of microorganism in composting process is the core of whole compost treatment technology.
In recent years, governments at all levels of China pay attention to the process of domestic waste and biochemical sludge gradually, and environmental protection circle is from the technology and equipment of rubbish and Treatment of Sludge, and the pattern of final process is also constantly being groped.Along with the development of science and technology, rubbish and sewage sludge harmlessness, minimizing, resource technology are increasing, under the prerequisite of Guarantee item social benefit and environmental benefit, the optimal path that the comprehensive reutilization seeking resource will be house refuse and biochemical sludge process.
For this reason, number of patent application be 98104732.7 Chinese patent disclose and a kind of in coal, add waste plastics, under nitrogen or coke oven destructive distillation oil gas atmosphere, copyrolysis or co carbonization are to increase the method for tar yield and minimizing moisture.The method treatment temperature is 650 DEG C, belongs to Low temperature processing techniques, but do not consider that waste plastics is collected, processing and waste plastics process system such as coking process in high temperature coke oven, be not suitable for large-scale application.
The patent No. is that Japanese patent discloses of JP2001187406, JP2001323280, JP2001139952, JP2001123180, JP2002012876 a series ofly utilizes coke oven treatment of waste plastics and by the technology of waste plastics and coal mixed coking, but relate to when to refine the situation of waste plastics as the raw material of coke oven and coal cocoaking from domestic waste in this series methods, have to pass through very strict and complicated sorting and process, the waste plastics in rubbish finally can only be utilized to make raw material, be not therefore also suitable for large-scale application.
Patent publication No. is that the Chinese patent of CN1465655A discloses a kind of domestic waste high-temperature retorting processing method, traditional coking device, tar recovery system and destructive distillation oil gas purification recovery device is utilized to realize the high-temperature retorting process of organic light components in house refuse, but the method will mix a certain proportion of coal, therefore there is limitation in industrial applications.
The patent No. be 200510085232.2 Chinese patent disclose a kind of incinerator and burning process thereof of high-temperature retorting, house refuse is loaded and burns car, then burn car on closed Crane Rail, enter baking zone, destructive distillation combustion zone and burnt zone respectively, complete high-temperature retorting process, but due to the feature that China's component of refuse is complicated, moisture is high, the carbide bad that this technology produces, and need supplementary certain fuel, therefore there is some problems in industrial applications.
Patent publication No. is that the Chinese patent of CN102061181A discloses a kind of low temperature distillation rubbish retort without burning and neutralization utilizes technology, rubbish is directly entered the retort destructive distillation of inclination body of heater, but in view of the feature that China's component of refuse is complicated, moisture is high, the industrial applications of this technology also will face series of problems.
In sum, China's house refuse complicated component, moisture is high, will become the significant obstacle of house refuse destructive distillation resource, and the destructive distillation resource of biochemical sludge and the comprehensive utilization of destructive distillation residue are also blank substantially.
Summary of the invention
For China's house refuse complicated component, feature that moisture is high, in conjunction with biochemical sludge destructive distillation resource and the basic blank present situation of destructive distillation residue comprehensive utilization, take a kind of with " low temperature distillation " and " melting incinerating " be core process house refuse and biochemical sludge integrated conduct method, realize the abundant recycling of wherein useful component, and the innoxious and minimizing process of whole process materials, and produce obvious economic benefit and environmental benefit, to meet the requirement of industrial application.
For solving the problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
The recycling processing method of one way of life rubbish and biochemical sludge, is characterized in that: comprise refuse classification, sludge drying, low temperature distillation, melting incinerating, Oil-gas Separation purification and fume treatment six operations; Concrete steps are as follows:
1), by house refuse be sent to refuse classification operation, sub-elect available fuel, biochemical sludge is sent to sludge drying operation, produce dewatered sludge;
2), by available fuel and dewatered sludge be sent to low temperature distillation operation, produce destructive distillation oil gas and destructive distillation residue;
3), destructive distillation oil gas and destructive distillation residue are sent to respectively Oil-gas Separation purification and melting incinerating operation; The isolated tar of Oil-gas Separation cleaning procedure is sold as final products outward transport; The glassy solids residue outward transport that melting incinerating operation produces is as building materials raw material;
4), melting incinerating operation produce flue gas after the process of fume treatment operation, high altitude discharge.
Say further:
Described refuse classification operation house refuse is divided into available fuel, inorganic impurity, organic matter and metal four most of, wherein the moisture content of available fuel when entering into low temperature distillation operation is 10% ~ 30%, the outer operation landfill disposal of inorganic impurity, organic outer operation compost treatment, metal outward transport is as production marketing.
Furthermore:
Described sludge drying operation thermal source used is the heat energy that melting incinerating operation produces; The dewatered sludge moisture content entering into low temperature distillation operation is 10% ~ 30%.
Furthermore:
Described low temperature distillation operation be by available fuel and dewatered sludge under 100 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C conditions, isolated air heat 0.5h ~ 1h, wherein controls at 0.1h ~ 0.25h, 0.1h ~ 0.15h, 0.1h ~ 0.2h, 0.2h ~ 0.4h respectively in the time of staying of 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, 150 DEG C ~ 250 DEG C, 250 DEG C ~ 350 DEG C and 350 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C of temperature ranges.
Described low temperature distillation operation fuel used is the destructive distillation oil gas that Oil-gas Separation cleaning procedure produces.
Furthermore:
Described melting incinerating operation is by destructive distillation residue Thorough combustion under 1100 DEG C ~ 1450 DEG C conditions, and the flue gas of generation produces steam for waste heat boiler, and steam is for sludge drying operation, and last flue gas is high altitude discharge after fume treatment operation.
Furthermore:
Described Oil-gas Separation cleaning procedure be by destructive distillation oil gas successively through washing cooling, water-oil separating, indirect cooling, electrically trapped tar oil, except ammonia and desulfurization process, isolate tar, sewage and destructive distillation oil gas, wherein tar is as international sale, sewage reuse after treatment or arrange outward.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, compared with prior art, technical advantage of the present invention is:
(1) difficult problem solving rubbish and the pollution of sludge incineration generation bioxin is conducive to.
In the present invention, the raw material of melting incinerating operation is destructive distillation residue, and destructive distillation residue is mainly carbide, and ignition temperature is very high, so melting incinerating operation does not have the generation of bioxin substantially.The technology used in the present invention will fundamentally solve bioxin problem.
(2) recycling of house refuse and biochemical sludge is conducive to.
From domestic waste and biochemical sludge, extract the resources such as tar, change household garbage field is energy treasure-house, has both had environmental benefit and social benefit, and has also had economic interests.China produces the biochemical sludge of about 2.5 hundred million tons of domestic wastes and more than one hundred million tons every year, fully develops these resources, is conducive to alleviating depending on unduly fossil resources.
(3) difficulty of refuse classification is reduced.
This project adopts simple ripe garbage sorting technology can reach subsequent technique requirement, therefore without the need to changing existing garbage collecting and transferring system, decreases the difficulty of refuse classification.
(4) industrial applications is convenient to.
The present invention is optimized combination to the various material whereabouts in technical process, eliminate pollutant to greatest extent on this basis, fully reclaimed useful resources and heat, can produce obvious environmental benefit and economic benefit, therefore industrial applications is very favourable.
Detailed description of the invention:
Embodiment
The recycling processing method of one way of life rubbish and biochemical sludge, comprises refuse classification, sludge drying, low temperature distillation, melting incinerating, Oil-gas Separation purification and fume treatment six operations.The concrete steps of processing method are as follows:
1), by house refuse be sent to refuse classification operation, sub-elect available fuel, biochemical sludge is sent to sludge drying operation, produce dewatered sludge.
2), by available fuel and dewatered sludge be sent to low temperature distillation operation, produce destructive distillation oil gas and destructive distillation residue.
3), destructive distillation oil gas and destructive distillation residue are sent to respectively Oil-gas Separation purification and melting incinerating operation; The isolated tar of Oil-gas Separation cleaning procedure is sold as final products outward transport; The glassy solids residue outward transport that melting incinerating operation produces is as building materials raw material.
4), melting incinerating operation produce flue gas after the process of fume treatment operation, high altitude discharge.
In above-mentioned steps, first house refuse enters refuse classification operation, and refuse classification operation adopts conventional method process completely, recommends the technological process adopting " one-level artificial separation+spring belt+broken bag screening+secondary artificial separation+magnetic separation+fragmentation+screening ".Wherein large part inorganic refuse is mainly removed in one-level artificial separation; The smallclothes inorganic refuses such as stone, glass, pottery removed by spring belt.Rubbish is divided into available fuel (oversize) and organic (screenings) two parts by broken bag screening, wherein available fuel is based on plastics, rubber, waste paper, bamboo wood, leather, fabric etc., and organic matter is based on more than dish leaf, pericarp, kitchen etc.; Fuel meat can be had to remove metal through secondary artificial separation and magnetic separation and be not separated clean inorganic refuse impurity, then enter broken and sieve after operation removes inorganic refuse impurity further, entering low temperature distillation operation; Organic matter fractions removes metal after not being separated clean inorganic refuse impurity through secondary artificial separation and magnetic separation, the quality raw materials of outer operation compost; The inorganic refuse impurity such as large part inorganic refuse, stone, glass, pottery, dust that in above process, sorting is got off is worth owing to lacking to recycle, therefore outer operation landfill disposal; The metal that in above process, sorting is got off then is recycled as useful resources.It should be noted that, the available fuel main component entering low temperature distillation operation is plastics, rubber, waste paper, bamboo wood, leather, fabric etc., moisture control, 10% ~ 30%, is very beneficial for taking the mode of low temperature distillation to reclaim the useful resources such as oil gas.
First biochemical sludge enters sludge drying operation, is mainly used in the most of moisture removed in biochemical sludge.Sludge drying operation adopts conventional method process completely, recommends to adopt paddle type drying machine.It should be noted that, due to melting incinerating operation producing steam, sludge drying adopts steam-heated mode; Moisture control after mummification is 10% ~ 30%, and organic matter accounts for 40% ~ 80% of mud contents on dry basis, is very beneficial for taking the mode of low temperature distillation to reclaim the useful resources such as oil gas.
Available fuel after refuse classification and sludge drying process and dewatered sludge are directly mixed into low temperature distillation operation.The mixture of available fuel and dewatered sludge is heated to 350 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C by low temperature distillation operation under the condition of isolated air, whole heating process continues 0.5h ~ 1h, organic matter contained by it and volatile matter just can the overwhelming majority be separated out, and obtain destructive distillation oil gas and solid residue two kinds of products after destructive distillation.The gas retort that heating and destructive distillation use is the nucleus equipment of this operation.For ensureing the controllability of whole process temperature and mixing of materials, gas retort needs to adopt special version:
(1) gas retort burner hearth ringwise, and furnace bottom can rotate continuously, with the uniformity of the continuity and cloth that ensure input and output material to greatest extent.According to the different thermal process of destructive distillation material destructive distillation process in stove, stove circumferencial direction is divided into dress, discharge zone, preheating section, a conversion zone, two conversion zones and three conversion zones, and wherein preheating section and three conversion zones adopt heat accumulation type radiant tube heat supply.
(2) available fuel and dewatered sludge are loaded in rotary hearth furnace by feeding device, and be laid in equably on furnace bottom, layer thickness is 100 ~ 200mm about.Furnace bottom machine drives furnace bottom to rotate continuously, and the bed of material be layered on furnace bottom rotates with furnace bottom, successively through the preheating section of stove, a conversion zone, two conversion zones and three conversion zones, is finally heated to 350 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C, and completes dry distillation reactor.Wherein preheating section temperature controls at 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, and the time of staying controls at 0.1h ~ 0.25h; One conversion zone temperature controls at 150 DEG C ~ 250 DEG C, and the time of staying controls at 0.1h ~ 0.15h; Two conversion zone temperature control at 250 DEG C ~ 350 DEG C, and the time of staying controls at 0.1h ~ 0.2h; Three conversion zone temperature control at 350 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C, and the time of staying controls at 0.2h ~ 0.4h;
(3) residual after destructive distillation solid residue enters melting incinerating operation outside being unloaded come out of the stove by drawing mechanism immediately.
(4) the destructive distillation oil gas that destructive distillation volatilizes is discharged from multiple outlets of burner hearth, is sent to Oil-gas Separation operation and processes after collecting.
(5) fuel of gas retort heating adopts the destructive distillation oil gas through purified treatment of Oil-gas Separation operation generation, adopts radiant tube to heat material in radiant heat transfer mode.Preheating section and three conversion zones all arrange the radiant tube of sufficient amount.The feature of radiant tube is that burning is carried out in pipe, and the atmosphere in flue gas and burner hearth is completely isolated, can ensure destructive distillation oil gas not by flue gas blending.Radiant tube is horizontally disposed under furnace roof, on the bed of material.The temperature of regional is accurately controlled by the gas quantity controlling to pass in each area radiation heating tube of body of heater.
Destructive distillation residue enters melting incinerating operation by the drawing mechanism of low temperature distillation operation.Melting incinerating operation is primarily of incinerator and waste heat boiler two parts composition, and wherein incinerator is the nucleus equipment of this operation.
Destructive distillation residue Thorough combustion under 1100 DEG C ~ 1450 DEG C conditions in incinerator, the flue gas of generation for waste heat boiler producing steam, and after fume treatment high altitude discharge.Burning the slag produced is high temperature molten glass state, is got off by cooling of furnace slag by part combustion air, the raw material of the building materials raw materials such as outer operation floor tile that then discharge out of the furnace.Because destructive distillation residue is mainly carbide, and ignition temperature is very high, so melting incinerating operation does not have the generation of bioxin substantially, and sulfide is mainly present in destructive distillation oil gas, remove at Oil-gas Separation cleaning procedure, the content of sulfur dioxide therefore in tail gas is also very little.
The destructive distillation oil gas that low temperature distillation operation produces enters Oil-gas Separation cleaning procedure.Destructive distillation oil gas (350 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C) from low temperature distillation stove first carries out washing cooling, sprayed Quench continuously by the cyclic ammonia waters of 75 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C and be cooled to 80 DEG C ~ 85 DEG C, the liquid part produced enters water-oil separating operation, and the destructive distillation oil gas after washing enters indirect refrigerating work procedure; Indirect refrigerating work procedure adopts transverse tube heat exchange to realize the further cooling of destructive distillation oil gas, adopts recirculated cooling water that empyreumatic oil gas is cooled to 35 DEG C ~ 40 DEG C; Enter electrically trapped tar oil afterwards, remove the tar carried secretly in destructive distillation oil gas; By air blast, empyreumatic oil pneumatic transmission is extremely removed ammonia operation again, the ammonia adopting the concentrated sulfuric acid to absorb in destructive distillation oil gas makes byproduct of ammonium sulfate; Except the destructive distillation oil gas after ammonia enters desulfurization process, destructive distillation oil gas enters from the desulfurizing tower bottom that desulfurizing agent is housed, and top is discharged, and the hydrogen sulfide in destructive distillation oil gas is by adsorbing and removing; Empyreumatic oil pneumatic transmission after desulfurization is to rotary hearth furnace as fuel gas, and flap portion empyreumatic oil pneumatic transmission melting incinerating operation does fuel.
The tar separated by washing refrigerating work procedure and cyclic ammonia water enter water-oil separating operation, carry out cyclic ammonia water, tar light oil is separated with heavy tar at this.Cyclic ammonia water is pumped to Quench gas-liquid separator Inner eycle by the chilled water that circulates and sprays cooling destructive distillation oil gas, and after cycles left ammoniacal liquor adopts biochemical treatment and advanced treating to reach certain standard, the supplementing water of recirculated water is done in most of reuse, all the other standard discharges.The isolated tar of oil water separator is delivered to oil depot outward transport and is sold.Bottom oil water separator, the tar slag of sedimentation drains into the tar slag car, and regular and destructive distillation residue blending enters melting incinerating operation burning disposal or transport outward sale to make fuel.
The flue gas that melting incinerating operation produces enters fume treatment operation, fume treatment mainly removes dust in flue gas and nitrogen oxide, adopt conventional " bag-type dust+selective catalytic reduction (SCR) " technique, the requirement of standard limit of smog release can be met.
For the experimental result of certain domestic waste and biochemical sludge, detailed description of the invention is as follows:
Certain municipal solid waste classification is as shown in the table:
Certain city biochemical sludge component is as shown in the table:
| Sequence number | Project | Unit | Numerical value | Remarks |
| 1 | Ash content | ％ | 52.5 | |
| 2 | Moisture content | ％ | 76.9 | |
| 3 | Content of organics | ％ | 47.5 | |
| 4 | Sulfide | mg/kg | Do not detect | |
| 5 | Total nitrogen | 10 -4mg/kg | 3.18 | |
| 6 | Total chromium | mg/kg | 306 | |
| 7 | Total mercury | mg/kg | Do not detect | |
| 8 | Total phosphorus | 10 -4mg/kg | 1.63 | |
| 9 | Total manganese | mg/kg | 520 | |
| 10 | Total nickel | mg/kg | 125 | |
| 12 | Total lead | mg/kg | 145 | |
| 13 | Total arsenic | mg/kg | 22.5 | |
| 14 | Total copper | 10 -3mg/kg | 3.02 | |
| 15 | Total zinc | 10 -3mg/kg | 1.38 | |
| 16 | Total cadmium | mg/kg | Do not detect | |
| 17 | Calorific value | kJ/kg | 10845 |
Getting scheme that 5t house refuse and 4t biochemical sludge adopt the present invention to describe, to carry out experimental result as follows: 5t house refuse directly enters refuse classification operation, and adopt artificial separation, result is as follows:
(1) inorganic impurity: 0.7t;
(2) metal: 0.02t;
(3) organic: 3.2t;
(4) available fuel: 1.1t.
Above-mentioned house refuse and biochemical sludge enter low temperature distillation operation, and composition is as follows by analysis:
| Sequence number | Project | Unit | Numerical value | Remarks |
| 1 | Moisture | ％ | 21.4 | |
| 2 | Organic | ％ | 28.0 | |
| 3 | Stationery | ％ | 17.3 | |
| 4 | Plastics | ％ | 43.0 | |
| 5 | Bamboo wood | ％ | 2.0 | |
| 6 | Pi Bu | ％ | 9.6 | |
| 7 | Calorific value | kJ/kg | 14578 |
Sludge drying operation adopts small paddle type drying machine, and by the moisture content mummification to 10% of steam by biochemical sludge, dewatered sludge final quantity is 0.85t, then enters low temperature distillation operation.
The heat accumulating type destructive distillation that low temperature distillation operation adopts Beijing Shen Wu environmental energy Science and Technology Co., Ltd. to manufacture turns end experimental furnace, disposal ability 0.4t/h.
According to the different thermal process of destructive distillation material destructive distillation process in experimental furnace, experimental furnace circumferencial direction is divided into loading area, discharge zone, preheating section, a conversion zone, two conversion zones and three conversion zones, and wherein preheating section and three conversion zones adopt heat accumulation type radiant tube heat supply.
Furnace wall and furnace roof are fixing, are made up of steel construction, steel plate furnace shell and compound heat-insulation liner.Furnace bottom rotates, and furnace bottom metal chassis builds heat-barrier material by laying bricks or stones and spreads steel plate.There is gap at the bottom of rotary furnace and between interior outer furnace wall, be called inside and outside circumferential weld.Inside and outside circumferential weld adopts water sealed tank sealing, and water sealed tank is arranged on furnace wall steel column, and the fixing water seal cutter of furnace wall bottom peace, movable water seal cutter is arranged on the edge at the bottom of rotary furnace, rotates with furnace bottom.
Radiant tube is adopted to heat material in radiant heat transfer mode.Preheating section and three conversion zones all arrange the radiant tube of sufficient amount.The feature of radiant tube is that burning is carried out in pipe, and the atmosphere in flue gas and burner hearth is completely isolated, can ensure destructive distillation oil gas not by flue gas blending.Radiant tube is horizontally disposed under furnace roof, on the bed of material.
Stove top establishes four destructive distillation oil gas outlets.Rotary hearth furnace adopts special feeding device and drawing mechanism to carry out taking on material.Rotary hearth furnace adopts heat accumulation type radiant tube heating, and the composition of combustion system is divided into: radiation tube heater, destructive distillation petroleum system, combustion-aid air system, smoke evacuation system, compressed air system, purging diffusion system.
The fuel that radiant tube uses is the self-produced destructive distillation oil gas of stove, and the destructive distillation oil gas that namely separating oil is later, its low heating value is about 5900 × 4.18kJ/Nm3.
Destructive distillation oil gas is connected to gas retort district from the destructive distillation oil gas supervisor after Oil-gas Separation, revolving bed gas retort destructive distillation oil gas house steward is connected from destructive distillation oil gas contact, house steward is arranged hard seal butterfly valve 1, blank-plate valve 1, consider that gas retort supplied without destructive distillation oil gas at the production initial stage, plant area need build LNG gasifaction station, deliver to stove district liquefied gas contact after being gasified by bottled gas, arrange twice ball valve after liquefied gas contact, after valve, liquefied gas is incorporated to destructive distillation oil gas house steward.Separate 4 tunnels by destructive distillation oil gas house steward to be in charge of, receive preheating zone respectively, react a district, react 2nd district, react the distributing pipe in 3rd district, then be distributed to each radiant tube burner.Every bar is in charge of installation flow measurement device and flow control valve.The empyreumatic oil tracheae of each radiant tube burner installs 1 manual hard seal butterfly valve and an expansion bellow.
Heat accumulation type radiant tube need set up a road ever-burning flame destructive distillation oil gas, igniting destructive distillation oil gas picks out before destructive distillation oil gas header valve, twice ball valve is set after contact, after valve, pipeline is connected to bottom the heat accumulation type radiant tube of furnace side, each heat-accumulating burner draws a waypoint fire empyreumatic oil gas branch pipe, arm is arranged manual needle-like stop valve.
Regenerative radiant tube burner air draws a road air header by two air blasts, and air header separates 4 tunnels and is in charge of, and the combustion air receiving four combustion zones is respectively in charge of, then is distributed to each radiant tube burner.Every bar is in charge of installation flow measurement device and flow control valve coordinates a flow detector control valve of gas manifold to carry out each district radiant tube burner sky, combustion than controlling.Each radiant tube burner air hose installs 1 manual air butterfly valve and 1 expansion bellow.
Regenerative radiant tube burner flue-gas temperature about 180 ~ 250 DEG C, come together in respective waste gas from four district's regenerative radiant tube burner combustion gas to be in charge of, being in charge of of Zai Cong tetra-district is pooled to waste gas header, and waste gas header connects an air-introduced machine, and waste gas is drained into steel stack and enters air by air-introduced machine.Article 4, exhaust manifold installing control valve respectively, for regulating the flow of discharging flue gas, controlling exhaust gas temperature.
Stove every section of furnace roof establishes a destructive distillation oil gas outlet to connect stainless steel discharge line, each outlet arranges a hand off valve (high temperature), four discharge pipes enter oil gas quencher respectively, going out that the coal gas after quencher and oil-water mixture collect respectively is a house steward, be connected to oil and gas separating system contact, the draft produced by the pump group of oil and gas separating system is drawn, before contact, arrange furnace pressure control valve (high temperature), the vacuum cavitations control valve opening that pressure in the burner hearth produces according to oil and gas separating system pump group controls.
Stove preheating section, a conversion zone, two conversion zones and three conversion zone temperature are set as 150 DEG C, 250 DEG C, 350 DEG C and 500 DEG C respectively, and the time of staying is set as 0.25h, 0.15h, 0.2h and 0.4h respectively.The solid residue amount obtained is 1.03t, and Lower heat value is 10.5MJ/kg.
The residue of low temperature distillation operation enters melting incinerating operation, and the heat accumulating type gasification and melting experimental furnace adopting Beijing Shen Wu environmental energy Science and Technology Co., Ltd. to manufacture processes, disposal ability 0.2t/h.
Combustion zone temperature controls at 1300 DEG C ~ 1350 DEG C, and the final glassy state residue produced is the raw material of 0.85t, the building materials raw materials such as the clinker ignition loss of residue is less than 0.5%, outer operation floor tile; The flue-gas temperature produced is about 1050 DEG C, for waste heat boiler producing steam, after control flue-gas temperature is reduced to 200 DEG C ~ 250 DEG C, after the process of employing bag-type dust shown in the following form of data:
According to above table, the fume emission of melting incinerating is better than Standard, general area can direct qualified discharge, but because certain areas discharge standard (as Beijing DB/11-2008) is stricter, NOX item (Beijing provincial standard DB/11-2008 requires to be not more than 250mg/Nm3) exceeds standard slightly, can realize qualified discharge after selecting property of by-election catalytic reduction method (SCR) process later.
The oil gas oil-feed gas isolation of purified operation that low temperature distillation produces, adopts the complete experimental facilities that Beijing Huafu Shenwu Industrial Furnace Co., Ltd. manufactures and designs.
From 500 DEG C of destructive distillation oil gas of rotary hearth furnace, sprayed after Quench is cooled to about 80 DEG C along its tedge to Quench gas-liquid separator continuously by 75 DEG C of cyclic ammonia waters, destructive distillation oil gas enters the transverse pipe initial cooler of 2 parallel operations by top, with 32 DEG C of cyclic ammonia waters, empyreumatic oil gas is cooled to 35 ~ 36 DEG C.The destructive distillation oil gas of being discharged by transverse pipe initial cooler bottom, enters the electrical tar precipitator of 2 parallel operations, removes the tar carried secretly in destructive distillation oil gas, then by empyreumatic oil tympanites blower fan, empyreumatic oil pneumatic transmission is extremely removed ammonia tower, removes the destructive distillation oil gas after ammonia and enters dry desulfurization operation.Destructive distillation oil gas enters from the desulfurizing tower bottom that desulfurizing agent is housed, and top is discharged.Empyreumatic oil pneumatic transmission after desulfurization to rotary hearth furnace as fuel gas.
The tar got off by gas-liquid separator separates and cyclic ammonia water enter oil water separator, carry out cyclic ammonia water, tar light oil is separated with heavy tar at this.Cyclic ammonia water is pumped to Quench gas-liquid separator Inner eycle by the chilled water that circulates and sprays the waste destructive distillation oil gas of cooling, remained ammonia reuse after treatment or qualified discharge.The isolated tar of oil water separator is delivered to outside oil depot and is sold.Bottom oil water separator, the tar slag of sedimentation drains into the tar slag car, and melting incinerating stove is entered in regular and dewatered sludge blending.
Purifying through Oil-gas Separation the destructive distillation oil and gas production obtained is 0.41t, and Lower heat value is 23.3MJ/kg, substantially can meet the fuel requirement of the operation of low temperature distillation stove; Tar and tar slag output 0.11t, calorific value is 32.0MJ/kg, and producing remained ammonia amount is 0.39t.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention be not only confined to above-described embodiment, and all technical schemes belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to protection scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvement without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvement also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the recycling processing method of one way of life rubbish and biochemical sludge, is characterized in that: comprise refuse classification, sludge drying, low temperature distillation, melting incinerating, Oil-gas Separation purification and fume treatment six operations, concrete steps are as follows:
1), by house refuse be sent to refuse classification operation, sub-elect available fuel, biochemical sludge is sent to sludge drying operation, produce dewatered sludge; Described sludge drying operation thermal source used is the heat energy that melting incinerating operation produces; The dewatered sludge moisture content entering into low temperature distillation operation is 10% ~ 30%;
2), by available fuel and dewatered sludge be sent to low temperature distillation operation, produce destructive distillation oil gas and destructive distillation residue; Described low temperature distillation operation be by available fuel and dewatered sludge under 100 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C conditions, isolated air heat 0.5h ~ 1h, wherein controls at 0.1h ~ 0.25h, 0.1h ~ 0.15h, 0.1h ~ 0.2h, 0.2h ~ 0.4h in the time of staying of 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, 150 DEG C ~ 250 DEG C, 250 DEG C ~ 350 DEG C and 350 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C of temperature ranges respectively;
3), destructive distillation oil gas and destructive distillation residue are sent to respectively Oil-gas Separation purification and melting incinerating operation; Oil-gas Separation cleaning procedure isolates tar; The glassy solids residue that melting incinerating operation produces is as building materials raw material;
4), melting incinerating operation produce flue gas after the process of fume treatment operation, high altitude discharge;
Described refuse classification operation house refuse is divided into available fuel, inorganic impurity, organic matter and metal four most of, wherein the moisture content of available fuel when entering into low temperature distillation operation is 10% ~ 30%, the outer operation landfill disposal of inorganic impurity, organic outer operation compost treatment, metal outward transport is as production marketing;
Described low temperature distillation operation fuel used is the destructive distillation oil gas that Oil-gas Separation cleaning procedure produces;
Described melting incinerating operation is by destructive distillation residue Thorough combustion under 1100 DEG C ~ 1450 DEG C conditions, and the flue gas of generation produces steam for waste heat boiler, steam for sludge drying operation, last flue gas high altitude discharge after fume treatment;
Described Oil-gas Separation cleaning procedure be by destructive distillation oil gas successively through washing cooling, water-oil separating, indirect cooling, electrically trapped tar oil, except ammonia and desulfurization process, isolate tar, sewage and destructive distillation oil gas, wherein tar is as international sale, sewage reuse after treatment or arrange outward.
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| CN103881737B (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2016-05-04 | 山东汉菱电气有限公司 | Organic materials treatment system and method |
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| CN103712216B (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-04-06 | 四川四通欧美环境工程有限公司 | Mud and rubbish combine incineration thermoelectric treatment system and processing method |
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| CN103756697B (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2017-01-18 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Method and system for processing waste and sludge |
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| CN104962300B (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2018-03-13 | 南京三乐微波技术发展有限公司 | Coal microwave destructive distillation equipment and its coal microwave destructive distillation processing method |
| CN107282589B (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2019-04-05 | 王冬 | House refuse cryogenic treatment process |
| CN108114968A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-06-05 | 杨恒武 | A kind of garbage classification processing method |
| CN111609410A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-09-01 | 湖南叶林环保科技有限公司 | Household garbage and municipal sludge co-processing system and method |
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