CN102994700B - Smelting method for stably increasing content of boron in boron-containing steel - Google Patents
Smelting method for stably increasing content of boron in boron-containing steel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a smelting method for stably increasing the content of boron in boron-containing steel. The smelting method is characterized in that high-carbon ferromanganese, high-carbon ferrochromium and iron-core aluminum are subjected to the deoxidation alloying in the steel tapping process of a converter, and a whole-course bottom argon blowing and wash heat technology is adopted for reducing oxygen content and nitrogen content in the steel; after steel tapping is completed, molten steel is lifted to an argon station, and the molten steel is converted to an LF (Ladle Furnace) after ferroaluminium is added for adjusting the activity of oxygen in the steel to a required control range; and submerged arc operation, soft argon blowing control, a deep deoxidation technology and a titanium alloy technology are adopted for refining in the LF, then boron alloying is carried out, and later the long-time soft argon blowing is carried out, thus the recovery rate of boron in the steel reaches 82%-86%, the problems of low and instable recovery rate of boron are solved, the fluctuation quantity between the furnaces is less than 0.0005%, the ideal control level is achieved, the dependence of boron alloying on vacuum refining is eliminated, and the requirement of subsequent process for the quality of the boron-containing steel is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method that improves and stablize the boron-containing steel boron rate of recovery at boron-containing cold heading steel LF stove refining process, belong to ferrous metallurgy field.
Background technology
Along with the day by day raising of user to steel product quality and use properties requirement, part steel grade requires to have good quenching property.Boron, as a kind of element that improves hardenability of steel, in addition, adds the low temperature impact properties that boron can improve steel in right amount, reduce yield strength, so boron is used widely in STEELMAKING PRODUCTION.But because the chemical property of boron is very active, very easily oxidation, technique and method be improper easily causes the rate of recovery of boron unstable, the boron content difference between same boron-containing steel heat is apart from larger, and to the boron content requirement in steel lower (≤0.005%), otherwise easily produce " boron is crisp " phenomenon.The recovery of boron and the requirement in steel have following characteristics:
(1) [O] in steel, [N] content directly affect the rate of recovery of boron, and oxygen causes the oxidation of [B], and [N] easily generates boron nitride, reduce the result of use of boron.
(2) [O] in steel, [N] content are high, and the rate of recovery of boron is low, and the reaction product of boron is unfavorable on the contrary to the performance of steel.
(3) [O] in steel, [N] content are unstable, directly cause the recovery of boron unstable.
(4) boron in steel only exists with the form of the molten boron of acid, just can bring into play the useful effect of boron.
(5) boron is difficult in the short period of time reach be uniformly distributed in steel.
Look into pertinent literature, the alloying of boron mainly contains following three kinds of modes:
(1) converter tapping boron alloy: this mode is subject to the large impact of fluctuating of impact that converter terminal controls and oxygen content in steel, and the rate of recovery of boron is low generally on the low side, and rate of recovery fluctuation is very large, generally 10～65%.
(2) LF refining boron alloy: this mode is significantly improved compared with converter tapping boron alloy effect, but closely related with operation and control method, fluctuates also larger, generally 23.5～71.5%.
(3) vacuum refinement boron alloy: by carrying out carrying out boron alloy after vacuum-treat after LF refining, the rate of recovery of boron can reach more than 90% again.
In order to improve and guarantee the quality of boron-containing cold heading steel, reduce production costs, the method for the further raising of research and stable LF refining boron alloy is significant to the quality of raising boron-containing steel.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the smelting process that a kind of LF stove refining process improves and stablize boron-containing cold heading steel boron content, broken away from the dependence of boron alloy to vacuum refinement, guaranteed the specification of quality of rear operation to boron-containing steel.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: converter tapping process adopts high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome, iron core aluminium to enter deoxidation alloying, adopts omnidistance BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING and deslagging process, reduces oxygen level and nitrogen content in steel; The complete molten steel of tapping winches to argon station, adds ferro-aluminum and adjusts in steel oxygen activity to requiring to go to LF refining furnace after span of control; The refining of LF stove is carried out boron alloy after adopting arc-covering slag operation, the control of soft blow argon, deep deoxidation technique, Ti Alloying technique again, soft blow argon while growing again afterwards, the boron rate of recovery in steel reaches 82%～86%, fluctuating quantity between stove and stove is less than 0.0005%, reached desirable level of control, break away from the dependence of boron alloy to vacuum refinement, guaranteed the specification of quality of rear operation to boron-containing steel.
LF stove refining process of the present invention improves and stablizes the production method of boron-containing cold heading steel boron content and carries out according to the following steps:
A, molten steel adopt 50 tons of LD converter top bottom blowings, when tapping ladle molten steel measures to 10～12t, to ladle, add high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome, iron core aluminium deoxidation alloying, deoxidation alloying is sequentially: high carbon ferromanganese → high carbon ferro-chrome → iron core aluminium, add-on is controlled and is: high carbon ferromanganese 9.8～11.1kg/t
steel, high carbon ferro-chrome 2.2～4.15kg/t
steel, iron core aluminium 1.5～2.6kg/t
steel; Tapping process adopts wash heat and omnidistance bottom argon blowing technology, and tapping forward direction ladle bottom adds lime 4 kg/t
steel, refining slag 1.20kg/t
steel, it is 25～35NL/min that argon flow amount is controlled;
B, molten steel winch to argon station, determine according to molten steel oxygen activity, to add ferro-aluminum to adjust oxygen content in steel (mass ratio of oxygen and molten steel amount) to 15～20 * 10 after oxygen
-6, whole process is carried out Argon by the little argon amount of 15～25 NL/min;
After C, argon station molten steel oxygen activity are qualified, winch to LF stove refining station and connect argon gas band, open argon gas and adopt little argon amount (15～25NL/min) Argon 2 minutes, then lower electrode adopts 6～8 grades of gears to change slags; Switch on after 3～4 minutes, lift electrode and observe stove internalization slag situation, thermometric, sampling afterwards; If slag condition is rarer, add lime 2～3kg/t
steel, then add 0.40～0.60kg/t
steelcalcium carbide, 0.20～0.60kg/t
steelferro-aluminum is (containing Al
48 ~ 52%, lumpiness must not surpass 95mm * 95mm * 55mm) slag is carried out deoxidation and adjusts mobility, after slag fluidity is better, in the top of the slag, be sprinkled into carburelant (fixation of C content 94%) 0.40～0.60kg/t
steelmake after slag Pao Dropletsization, lower electrode is heated to 1580～1600 ℃ by liquid steel temperature;
D, according to steel sample assay, add alloy synchronization control molten steel composition and temperature to acceptability limit, then observe slag specimen, after slag bleaches, determine oxygen, oxygen level≤5 * 10 in steel
-6, can guarantee slag composition FeO+MnO(mass percent) and <1.0%, SiO
2after (mass percent) <15.0%, suitably strengthen argon amount, form the bright circle of 300～400mm, then in bright circle, add ferrotianium 1.13～1.32 kg/t
steel, molten steel is carried out to the Ti Alloying N content in one-step removal steel of going forward side by side;
E, turn down immediately argon flow to 10～15 NL/min after adding ferrotianium, soft blow argon 3min, after guaranteeing that Ti Alloying fully melts and react, again suitably strengthen the bright circle of argon amount formation 300～400mm, then in bright circle, add ferro-boron (FeB17) 0.20～0.24kg/t
steel, turn down immediately argon flow to 10～15 NL/min soft blow argon 5min after adding ferro-boron;
F, soft blow argon are opened after finishing to line feeding station, feeding calcium iron wire 7～8m/ t
steel(open and water stove feeding calcium iron wire 8m/ t
steel, connect and water stove feeding calcium iron wire 7m/ t
steel), low argon flow 10～15 NL/min soft blow argon 8min then, soft blow is complete adds large covering agent 0.8～1.0kg/t
steel, buggy ladle is beaten to waiting for that station winches to continuous casting platform, molten steel casting is become to 150mm * 150mm square billet.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantages and effect:
Advantage: (1), by the omnidistance Argon of converter tapping process and argon station, discharges the nitrogen content in steel to greatest extent, can effectively improve the boron content in steel.(2) by argon station, LF refining, strictly control compared with low and stable oxygen activity, can reduce the oxidation of boron, the molten boron content of acid in raising and stabilized steel.(3), by the Ti Alloying after LF refining low-oxygen content, can, in conjunction with the N content in most steel, improve the rate of recovery of boron.(4) by soft blow argon, control, can further discharge on the one hand the gas content in steel and effectively reduce molten steel air-breathing, the rate of recovery of raising and stable boron, the soft blow of the long period after boron alloy on the other hand, can guarantee all discharges of even boron alloy product of boron alloy.
Effect: molten steel is got steel water sample analysis after LF refining, and the boron rate of recovery is stabilized in 82%～86%, between stove and stove, smelting component boron content deviation is less than 0.0005%, has successfully solved the on the low side and large problem that fluctuates of the LF stove refining treatment process boron rate of recovery.
LF stove refining process of the present invention improves and stablizes the smelting process of boron-containing cold heading steel boron content, soft blow argon technology and Control of Nitrogen Content technology are carried out to integrated innovation, make the rate of recovery of boron be improved and stablize, met preferably the requirement of boron-containing cold heading steel to hardening capacity and quality control.
Embodiment
Following examples are used for setting forth the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in following examples.
Embodiment 1
The LF refining 10B21 high-strength cold forging steel of take is example, comprises following operation and step:
A, molten steel adopt 50 tons of LD converter top bottom blowings, and tapping ladle molten steel amount during to 10.5t, adds high carbon ferromanganese 10.8kg/t to ladle
steel, high carbon ferro-chrome 2.8kg/t
steel, iron core aluminium 2.5kg/t
steelcarry out deoxidation alloying, alloy addition sequence is: high carbon ferromanganese → high carbon ferro-chrome → iron core aluminium, and tapping process adopts wash heat and omnidistance bottom argon blowing technology, and tapping forward direction ladle bottom adds lime 4.0kg/t
steel, refining slag 1.2kg/t
steel, it is 26～28NL/min that argon flow amount is controlled;
B, molten steel winch to argon station, and determining oxygen activity after oxygen is 35 * 10
-6(mass ratio of oxygen and molten steel amount, as follows), adds ferro-aluminum 0.60kg/t
steel, add ferro-aluminum after 3min determine oxygen, oxygen activity is 18 * 10
-6, whole process is carried out Argon by the little argon amount of 24 NL/min.
C, argon station molten steel winch to LF stove refining station and connect argon gas band, open argon gas and adopt little argon amount 19NL/min Argon 2 minutes, and then lower electrode adopts 7 grades of gears to change slag; Switch on after 3 minutes, lift electrode and observe stove internalization slag situation, 1560 ℃ of thermometrics, sampling; Add lime 2.4kg/t
steel, add 0.50kg/t
steelcalcium carbide, 0.40kg/t
steelferro-aluminum is (containing Al
48 ~ 52%, lumpiness is no more than 95mm * 95mm * 55mm) slag is carried out deoxidation and adjusts mobility, after slag fluidity is better, in the top of the slag, be sprinkled into carburelant (fixation of C content 94%) 0.60kg/t
steel, make the rear lower electrode of slag Pao Dropletsization that liquid steel temperature is heated to 1595 ℃.
D, according to steel sample assay, add high carbon ferromanganese 0.40kg/t
steelsynchronization control molten steel composition and temperature, to acceptability limit, are observed slag and are bleached, and 1625 ℃ of thermometrics, determine oxygen oxygen activity 3 * 10
-6, analytical furnace slag ingredient FeO+MnO(mass percent) and be 0.56%, SiO
2after (mass percent) is 12.50%, suitably strengthen argon amount, form the bright circle of 350mm, then in bright circle, add ferrotianium 1.30kg/t
steel, molten steel is carried out to the Ti Alloying N content in one-step removal steel of going forward side by side;
E, turn down immediately argon flow to 14L/min after adding ferrotianium, Argon 3min guarantees that Ti Alloying fully melts the bright circle that rear suitable increasing argon amount forms 380mm, then adds ferro-boron Fe-B17 0.20kg/t in bright circle
steel, turn down immediately argon flow to 14 NL/min soft blow argon 5min after adding ferro-boron.
F, soft blow argon are opened after finishing to line feeding station, feeding calcium iron wire 7.0m/t
steel, low argon flow 14NL/min soft blow argon 8min then, soft blow is complete adds large covering agent 1.00kg/t
steel, buggy ladle is beaten to waiting for that station winches to continuous casting platform and casts, molten steel casting is become to the square billet of 150mm * 150mm.
Embodiment 2
The LF refining 10B21 high-strength cold forging steel of take is example, comprises following operation and step:
A, molten steel adopt 50 tons of LD converter top bottom blowings, when tapping ladle molten steel measures to 11t, to ladle, add high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome, iron core aluminium deoxidation alloying, deoxidation alloying is sequentially: high carbon ferromanganese → high carbon ferro-chrome → iron core aluminium, add-on is controlled and is: high carbon ferromanganese 10.0kg/t
steel, high carbon ferro-chrome 3.1kg/t
steel, iron core aluminium 2.0kg/t
steel; Tapping process adopts wash heat and omnidistance bottom argon blowing technology, and tapping forward direction ladle bottom adds lime 4kg/t
steel, refining slag 1.20kg/t
steel, argon flow amount is controlled as 30NL/min;
B, molten steel winch to argon station, and determining oxygen activity after oxygen is 30 * 10
-6, add ferro-aluminum 0.50kg/t
steel, add ferro-aluminum after 3min determine oxygen, oxygen activity is 16 * 10
-6, whole process is carried out Argon by the little argon amount of 22 NL/min.
After C, argon station molten steel oxygen activity are qualified, winch to LF stove refining station and connect argon gas band, open argon gas and adopt little argon amount 20NL/min Argon 2 minutes, then lower electrode adopts 7 grades of gears to change slags; Switch on after 3 minutes 30. seconds, lift electrode and observe stove internalization slag situation, afterwards 1615 ℃ of thermometrics, sampling; If slag condition is rarer, add lime 2.5kg/t
steel, then add 0.50kg/t
steelcalcium carbide, 0.40kg/t
steelferro-aluminum is (containing Al
48 ~ 52%, lumpiness is no more than 95mm * 95mm * 55mm) slag is carried out deoxidation and adjusts mobility, after slag fluidity is better, in the top of the slag, be sprinkled into carburelant (fixation of C content 94%) 0.50kg/t
steelmake after slag Pao Dropletsization, lower electrode is heated to 1594 ℃ by liquid steel temperature;
D, according to steel sample assay, add alloy high carbon ferromanganese 0.4kg/t
steel, adjust molten steel composition and temperature to acceptability limit, then observe slag specimen, after bleaching, slag determines oxygen, and the oxygen level in steel is 3 * 10
-6, analytical furnace slag ingredient FeO+MnO(mass percent) 0.80%, SiO
2after (mass percent) <13.0%, suitably strengthen argon amount, form the bright circle of 350mm, then in bright circle, add ferrotianium 1.20 kg/t
steel, molten steel is carried out to the Ti Alloying N content in one-step removal steel of going forward side by side;
E, turn down immediately argon flow to 13 NL/min after adding ferrotianium, soft blow argon 3min, after guaranteeing that Ti Alloying fully melts and react, suitably strengthens the bright circle of argon amount formation 360mm again, then in bright circle, adds ferro-boron (FeB17) 0.22kg/t
steel, turn down immediately argon flow to 15NL/min soft blow argon 5min after adding ferro-boron;
F, soft blow argon are opened after finishing to line feeding station, feeding calcium iron wire 7m/ t
steel, low argon flow 12NL/min soft blow argon 8min then, soft blow is complete adds large covering agent 1.0kg/t
steel, buggy ladle is beaten to waiting for that station winches to continuous casting platform, molten steel casting is become to the square billet of 150mm * 150mm.
Embodiment 3
The LF refining 10B21 high-strength cold forging steel of take is example, comprises following operation and step:
A, molten steel adopt 50 tons of LD converter top bottom blowings, when tapping ladle molten steel measures to 10.5t, to ladle, add high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome, iron core aluminium deoxidation alloying, deoxidation alloying is sequentially: high carbon ferromanganese → high carbon ferro-chrome → iron core aluminium, add-on is controlled and is: high carbon ferromanganese 9.8kg/t
steel, high carbon ferro-chrome 2.3kg/t
steel, iron core aluminium 1.6kg/t
steel; Tapping process adopts wash heat and omnidistance bottom argon blowing technology, and tapping forward direction ladle bottom adds lime 4 kg/t
steel, refining slag 1.20kg/t
steel, argon flow amount is controlled as 26NL/min;
B, molten steel winch to argon station, and determining oxygen activity after oxygen is 35 * 10
-6, add ferro-aluminum 0.50kg/t
steel, add ferro-aluminum after 3min determine oxygen, oxygen activity is 15 * 10
-6, whole process is carried out Argon by the little argon amount of 16 NL/min.
After C, argon station molten steel oxygen activity are qualified, winch to LF stove refining station and connect argon gas band, open argon gas and adopt little argon amount 16NL/min Argon 2 minutes, then lower electrode adopts 6 grades of gears to change slags; Switch on after 3 minutes, lift electrode and observe stove internalization slag situation, thermometric, sampling afterwards; If slag condition is rarer, add lime 2kg/t
steel, then add 0.40kg/t
steelcalcium carbide, 0.30kg/t
steelferro-aluminum is (containing Al
48 ~ 52%, lumpiness is no more than 95mm * 95mm * 55mm) slag is carried out deoxidation and adjusts mobility, after slag fluidity is better, in the top of the slag, be sprinkled into carburelant (fixation of C content 94%) 0.40kg/t
steelmake after slag Pao Dropletsization, lower electrode is heated to 1585 ℃ by liquid steel temperature;
D, according to steel sample assay, add alloy high carbon ferromanganese 0.4kg/t
steel, adjust molten steel composition and temperature to acceptability limit, then observe slag specimen, after bleaching, slag determines oxygen, and the oxygen level in steel is 2.5 * 10
-6, analytical furnace slag ingredient FeO+MnO(mass percent) 0.75%, SiO
2after (mass percent) is 12.5%, suitably strengthen argon amount, form the bright circle of 350mm, then in bright circle, add ferrotianium 1.15 kg/t
steel, molten steel is carried out to the Ti Alloying N content in one-step removal steel of going forward side by side;
E, turn down immediately argon flow to 10NL/min after adding ferrotianium, soft blow argon 3min, after guaranteeing that Ti Alloying fully melts and react, suitably strengthens the bright circle of argon amount formation 300mm again, then in bright circle, adds ferro-boron (FeB17) 0.21kg/t
steel, turn down immediately argon flow to 12NL/min soft blow argon 5min after adding ferro-boron;
F, soft blow argon are opened after finishing to line feeding station, feeding calcium iron wire 7m/ t
steel, low argon flow 12 NL/min soft blow argon 8min then, soft blow is complete adds large covering agent 0.8kg/t
steel, buggy ladle is beaten to waiting for that station winches to continuous casting platform, molten steel casting is become to 150mm * 150mm square billet.
Claims (3)
1. stablize a smelting process that improves boron content in boron-containing steel, it is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
A, molten steel adopt LD converter top bottom blowing, when tapping ladle molten steel measures to 10～12t, to ladle, add high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome, iron core aluminium deoxidation alloying, and add-on is: high carbon ferromanganese 9.8～11.1kg/t
steel, high carbon ferro-chrome 2.2～4.15kg/t
steel, iron core aluminium 1.5～2.6kg/t
steel; Tapping process adopts wash heat and omnidistance bottom argon blowing technology, and tapping forward direction ladle bottom adds lime 4 kg/t
steel, refining slag 1.20kg/t
steel, it is 25～35NL/min that argon flow amount is controlled;
B, molten steel winch to argon station, determine according to molten steel oxygen activity, to add ferro-aluminum to adjust oxygen content in steel, mass ratio to 15～20 * 10 of oxygen and molten steel amount after oxygen
-6, whole process is carried out Argon with the little argon flow amount of 15～25 NL/min;
After C, argon station molten steel oxygen activity are qualified, winch to LF stove refining station and connect argon gas band, open argon gas and adopt little argon flow amount 15～25NL/min Argon 2 minutes, then lower electrode adopts 6～8 grades of gears to change slags; Switch on after 3～4 minutes, lift electrode and observe stove internalization slag situation, thermometric, sampling afterwards, if slag condition is rarer, adds lime 2～3kg/t
steel, then add 0.40～0.60kg/t
steelcalcium carbide, 0.20～0.60kg/t
steelferro-aluminum, carries out deoxidation and adjusts mobility slag, after slag fluidity is better, in the top of the slag, is sprinkled into carburelant 0.40～0.60kg/t
steelmake after slag Pao Dropletsization, lower electrode is heated to 1580～1600 ℃ by liquid steel temperature;
D, according to steel sample assay, add alloy synchronization control molten steel composition and temperature to acceptability limit, then observe slag specimen, after slag bleaches, determine oxygen, oxygen level≤5 * 10 in steel
-6, guarantee slag composition FeO+MnO mass percent <1.0%, SiO
2after mass percent <15.0%, suitably strengthen argon flow amount, form the bright circle of 300～400mm, then in bright circle, add ferrotianium 1.13～1.32 kg/t
steel, molten steel is carried out to the Ti Alloying N content in one-step removal steel of going forward side by side;
E, turn down immediately argon flow amount to 10～15 NL/min after adding ferrotianium, soft blow argon 3min, after guaranteeing that Ti Alloying fully melts and react, again suitably strengthen the bright circle of argon amount formation 300～400mm, then in bright circle, add ferro-boron FeB17 0.20～0.24kg/t
steel, turn down immediately argon flow amount to 10～15 NL/min soft blow argon 5min after adding ferro-boron;
F, soft blow argon are opened after finishing to line feeding station, feeding calcium iron wire 7～8m/ t
steel, low argon flow 10～15 NL/min soft blow argon 8min then, soft blow is complete adds large covering agent 0.8～1.0kg/t
steel, buggy ladle is beaten to waiting for that station winches to continuous casting platform, becomes square billet by molten steel casting.
2. the smelting process of boron content in stable raising boron-containing steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that the ferro-aluminum described in C step is containing Al
48 ~ 52%, lumpiness is no more than 95mm * 95mm * 55mm.
3. the smelting process of boron content in stable raising boron-containing steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that the carburelant fixed carbon content 94% described in C step.
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| CN105603153A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-05-25 | 铜陵市明诚铸造有限责任公司 | Deoxidation process used in cold forging steel making |
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| SU1024510A1 (en) * | 1981-10-02 | 1983-06-23 | Липецкий политехнический институт | Method for producing niobium steel |
| JP3760589B2 (en) * | 1996-10-01 | 2006-03-29 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | Steel for cold forging |
| JP2000265208A (en) * | 1999-03-16 | 2000-09-26 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Method for adding boron to molten steel in vacuum degassing treatment |
| CN100519769C (en) * | 2007-04-29 | 2009-07-29 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院 | Boron steel producing converter smelting process |
| CN100580117C (en) * | 2008-04-08 | 2010-01-13 | 莱芜钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for improving and stabilizing boron recovery rate for vacuum smelting steel containing boron |
| CN102719724B (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2014-07-30 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for improving and stabilizing boron yield in smelting boron-containing steel |
| CN102424894B (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2013-03-06 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for producing 23MnB steel in converter process |
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2012
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