CN102994700A - Smelting method for stably increasing content of boron in boron-containing steel - Google Patents
Smelting method for stably increasing content of boron in boron-containing steel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a smelting method for stably increasing the content of boron in boron-containing steel. The smelting method is characterized in that high-carbon ferromanganese, high-carbon ferrochromium and iron-core aluminum are subjected to the deoxidation alloying in the steel tapping process of a converter, and a whole-course bottom argon blowing and wash heat technology is adopted for reducing oxygen content and nitrogen content in the steel; after steel tapping is completed, molten steel is lifted to an argon station, and the molten steel is converted to an LF (Ladle Furnace) after ferroaluminium is added for adjusting the activity of oxygen in the steel to a required control range; and submerged arc operation, soft argon blowing control, a deep deoxidation technology and a titanium alloy technology are adopted for refining in the LF, then boron alloying is carried out, and later the long-time soft argon blowing is carried out, thus the recovery rate of boron in the steel reaches 82%-86%, the problems of low and instable recovery rate of boron are solved, the fluctuation quantity between the furnaces is less than 0.0005%, the ideal control level is achieved, the dependence of boron alloying on vacuum refining is eliminated, and the requirement of subsequent process for the quality of the boron-containing steel is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly improve and stablize the processing method of the boron-containing steel boron rate of recovery at boron-containing cold heading steel LF stove refining process, belong to the ferrous metallurgy field.
Background technology
Along with the day by day raising of user to steel product quality and use properties requirement, the part steel grade requires to have good quenching property.Boron in addition, adds the low temperature impact properties that boron can improve steel in right amount as a kind of element that improves hardenability of steel, reduce yield strength, so boron is used widely in STEELMAKING PRODUCTION.But because the chemical property of boron is very active, very easily oxidation, technique and method be improper to cause the rate of recovery of boron unstable easily, the boron content difference between the same boron-containing steel heat is apart from larger, and to the boron content requirement in the steel lower (≤0.005%), otherwise produce easily " boron is crisp " phenomenon.The recovery of boron and the requirement in steel have following characteristics:
(1) [O] in the steel, [N] content directly affect the rate of recovery of boron, and oxygen causes the oxidation of [B], and [N] generates boron nitride easily, reduce the result of use of boron.
(2) [O] in the steel, [N] content height, then the rate of recovery of boron is low, and the reaction product of boron is unfavorable on the contrary to the performance of steel.
(3) [O] in the steel, [N] content are unstable, directly cause the recovery of boron unstable.
(4) boron in the steel only exists with the form of the molten boron of acid, just can bring into play the useful effect of boron.
(5) boron is difficult to reach even distribution in the short period of time in steel.
Look into pertinent literature, the alloying of boron mainly contains following three kinds of modes:
(1) converter tapping boron alloy: this mode is subjected to impact and the large impact of oxygen content in steel fluctuation of converter terminal control, and the rate of recovery of boron is low generally on the low side, and rate of recovery fluctuation is very large, generally 10～65%.
(2) LF refining boron alloy: this mode is significantly improved than converter tapping boron alloy effect, but closely related with operation and control method, and it is also larger to fluctuate, generally 23.5～71.5%.
(3) vacuum refinement boron alloy: by carrying out carrying out boron alloy after the vacuum-treat after the LF refining, the rate of recovery of boron can reach more than 90% again.
In order to improve and guarantee the quality of boron-containing cold heading steel, reduce production costs, the method for the further raising of research and stable LF refining boron alloy is significant to the quality that improves boron-containing steel.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the smelting process that a kind of LF stove refining process improves and stablize boron-containing cold heading steel boron content, broken away from the dependence of boron alloy to vacuum refinement, guaranteed that rear operation is to the specification of quality of boron-containing steel.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: converter tapping process adopts high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome, iron core aluminium to advance deoxidation alloying, adopts omnidistance BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING and deslagging process, reduces oxygen level and nitrogen content in the steel; The complete molten steel of tapping winches to the argon station, adds ferro-aluminum and adjusts in the steel oxygen activity to requiring to go to the LF refining furnace after the span of control; The refining of LF stove is carried out boron alloy after adopting arc-covering slag operation, the control of soft blow argon, deep deoxidation technique, Ti Alloying technique again, soft blow argon when growing again afterwards, the boron rate of recovery in the steel reaches 82%～86%, fluctuating quantity between stove and the stove is less than 0.0005%, reached desirable control level, broken away from the dependence of boron alloy to vacuum refinement, guaranteed that rear operation is to the specification of quality of boron-containing steel.
LF stove refining process of the present invention improves and stablizes the production method of boron-containing cold heading steel boron content and carries out according to the following steps:
A, molten steel adopt 50 tons of LD converter top bottom blowings, when the tapping ladle molten steel measures to 10～12t, add high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome, iron core aluminium deoxidation alloying to ladle, deoxidation alloying sequentially is: high carbon ferromanganese → high carbon ferro-chrome → iron core aluminium, add-on is controlled to be: high carbon ferromanganese 9.8～11.1kg/t
Steel, high carbon ferro-chrome 2.2～4.15kg/t
Steel, iron core aluminium 1.5～2.6kg/t
SteelTapping process adopts wash heat and omnidistance bottom argon blowing technology, and tapping forward direction ladle bottom adds lime 4 kg/t
Steel, refining slag 1.20kg/t
Steel, argon flow amount is controlled to be 25～35NL/min;
B, molten steel winch to the argon station, decide to add ferro-aluminum adjustment oxygen content in steel (mass ratio of oxygen and molten steel amount) to 15～20 * 10 according to the molten steel oxygen activity behind the oxygen
-6, whole process is carried out Argon with the little argon amount of 15～25 NL/min;
Winch to LF stove refining station after C, argon station molten steel oxygen activity are qualified and connect the argon gas band, open argon gas adopt little argon amount (15～25NL/min) Argons 2 minutes, then lower electrode adopts 6～8 grades of gears to change slag; Switch on after 3～4 minutes, lift electrode and observe stove internalization slag situation, afterwards thermometric, sampling; If the slag condition is rarer, add lime 2～3kg/t
Steel, then add 0.40～0.60kg/t
SteelCalcium carbide, 0.20～0.60kg/t
SteelFerro-aluminum (contains Al
48 ~ 52%, lumpiness must not surpass 95mm * 95mm * 55mm) carries out deoxidation to slag and adjusts mobilely, and slag fluidity is sprinkled into carburelant (fixation of C content 94%) 0.40～0.60kg/t in the top of the slag after better
SteelAfter making slag Pao Dropletsization, lower electrode is heated to 1580～1600 ℃ with liquid steel temperature;
D, according to steel sample assay, add alloy synchronization control molten steel composition and temperature to acceptability limit, then observe slag specimen, the slag rear oxygen of deciding that bleaches, the oxygen level in steel≤5 * 10
-6, can guarantee slag composition FeO+MnO(mass percent)＜1.0%, SiO
2Behind (mass percent)＜15.0%, suitably strengthen the argon amount, form the bright circle of 300～400mm, then in bright circle, add ferrotianium 1.13～1.32 kg/t
Steel, molten steel is carried out the Ti Alloying N content in the one-step removal steel of going forward side by side;
E, turn down immediately argon flow to 10～15 NL/min after adding ferrotianium, soft blow argon 3min, after guaranteeing that Ti Alloying fully melts and react, again suitably strengthen the bright circle of argon amount formation 300～400mm, then in bright circle, add ferro-boron (FeB17) 0.20～0.24kg/t
Steel, turn down immediately argon flow to 10～15 NL/min soft blow argon 5min behind the adding ferro-boron;
F, soft blow argon are opened to the line feeding station after finishing, feeding calcium iron wire 7～8m/ t
Steel(open and water stove feeding calcium iron wire 8m/ t
Steel, connect and water stove feeding calcium iron wire 7m/ t
Steel), then hang down argon flow 10～15 NL/min soft blow argon 8min, the large covering agent 0.8～1.0kg/t of the complete adding of soft blow
Steel, buggy ladle is beaten to waiting for that station winches to continuous casting platform, molten steel casting is become 150mm * 150mm square billet.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantages and effect:
Advantage: (1) discharges the nitrogen content in the steel to greatest extent by the omnidistance Argon of converter tapping process and argon station, but the boron content in the Effective Raise steel.(2) by argon station, the lower and stable oxygen activity of the strict control of LF refining, can reduce the oxidation of boron, the sour molten boron content in raising and the stabilized steel.(3) by the Ti Alloying behind the LF refining low-oxygen content, can in conjunction with the N content in most steel, improve the rate of recovery of boron.(4) control by the soft blow argon, can further discharge on the one hand the gas content in the steel and effectively reduce molten steel air-breathing, the rate of recovery of raising and stable boron, the on the other hand soft blow of the long period behind boron alloy can guarantee all discharges of even boron alloy product of boron alloy.
Effect: molten steel is got the analysis of molten steel sample after the LF refining, the boron rate of recovery is stabilized in 82%～86%, and smelting component boron content deviation has successfully solved the on the low side and large problem that fluctuates of the LF stove refining treatment process boron rate of recovery less than 0.0005% between stove and the stove.
LF stove refining process of the present invention improves and stablizes the smelting process of boron-containing cold heading steel boron content, soft blow argon technology and Control of Nitrogen Content technology are carried out integrated innovation, the rate of recovery of boron is improved and stablizes, satisfied preferably the requirement of boron-containing cold heading steel to hardening capacity and quality control.
Embodiment
Following examples are used for setting forth the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in following examples.
Embodiment 1
Take LF refining 10B21 high-strength cold forging steel as example, comprise following operation and step:
A, molten steel adopt 50 tons of LD converter top bottom blowings, and tapping ladle molten steel amount adds high carbon ferromanganese 10.8kg/t to ladle during to 10.5t
Steel, high carbon ferro-chrome 2.8kg/t
Steel, iron core aluminium 2.5kg/t
SteelCarry out deoxidation alloying, the alloy addition sequence is: high carbon ferromanganese → high carbon ferro-chrome → iron core aluminium, and tapping process adopts wash heat and omnidistance bottom argon blowing technology, and tapping forward direction ladle bottom adds lime 4.0kg/t
Steel, refining slag 1.2kg/t
Steel, argon flow amount is controlled to be 26～28NL/min;
B, molten steel winch to the argon station, decide that oxygen activity is 35 * 10 behind the oxygen
-6(mass ratio of oxygen and molten steel amount, as follows) adds ferro-aluminum 0.60kg/t
Steel, 3min decides oxygen behind the adding ferro-aluminum, and oxygen activity is 18 * 10
-6, whole process is carried out Argon with the little argon amount of 24 NL/min.
C, argon station molten steel winch to LF stove refining station and connect the argon gas band, open argon gas and adopt little argon amount 19NL/min Argon 2 minutes, and then lower electrode adopts 7 grades of gears to change slag; Switch on after 3 minutes, lift electrode and observe stove internalization slag situation, 1560 ℃ of thermometrics, sampling; Add lime 2.4kg/t
Steel, add 0.50kg/t
SteelCalcium carbide, 0.40kg/t
SteelFerro-aluminum (contains Al
48 ~ 52%, lumpiness is no more than 95mm * 95mm * 55mm) carries out deoxidation to slag and adjusts mobilely, and the slag fluidity is sprinkled into carburelant (fixation of C content 94%) 0.60kg/t in the top of the slag after better
Steel, make the rear lower electrode of slag Pao Dropletsization that liquid steel temperature is heated to 1595 ℃.
D, according to steel sample assay, add high carbon ferromanganese 0.40kg/t
SteelSynchronization control molten steel composition and temperature are observed slag and are bleached to acceptability limit, and 1625 ℃ of thermometrics are decided oxygen oxygen activity 3 * 10
-6, analytical furnace slag ingredient FeO+MnO(mass percent) and be 0.56%, SiO
2After (mass percent) is 12.50%, suitably strengthen the argon amount, form the bright circle of 350mm, then in bright circle, add ferrotianium 1.30kg/t
Steel, molten steel is carried out the Ti Alloying N content in the one-step removal steel of going forward side by side;
E, turn down immediately the argon flow to 14L/min after adding ferrotianium, Argon 3min guarantees that Ti Alloying fully melts the bright circle that rear suitable increasing argon amount forms 380mm, then adds ferro-boron Fe-B17 0.20kg/t in bright circle
Steel, turn down immediately argon flow to 14 NL/min soft blow argon 5min behind the adding ferro-boron.
F, soft blow argon are opened to the line feeding station after finishing, feeding calcium iron wire 7.0m/t
Steel, then hang down argon flow 14NL/min soft blow argon 8min, the large covering agent 1.00kg/t of the complete adding of soft blow
Steel, buggy ladle is beaten to waiting for that station winches to continuous casting platform and casts, molten steel casting is become the square billet of 150mm * 150mm.
Embodiment 2
Take LF refining 10B21 high-strength cold forging steel as example, comprise following operation and step:
A, molten steel adopt 50 tons of LD converter top bottom blowings, when the tapping ladle molten steel measures to 11t, add high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome, iron core aluminium deoxidation alloying to ladle, deoxidation alloying sequentially is: high carbon ferromanganese → high carbon ferro-chrome → iron core aluminium, add-on is controlled to be: high carbon ferromanganese 10.0kg/t
Steel, high carbon ferro-chrome 3.1kg/t
Steel, iron core aluminium 2.0kg/t
SteelTapping process adopts wash heat and omnidistance bottom argon blowing technology, and tapping forward direction ladle bottom adds lime 4kg/t
Steel, refining slag 1.20kg/t
Steel, argon flow amount is controlled to be 30NL/min;
B, molten steel winch to the argon station, decide that oxygen activity is 30 * 10 behind the oxygen
-6, add ferro-aluminum 0.50kg/t
Steel, 3min decides oxygen behind the adding ferro-aluminum, and oxygen activity is 16 * 10
-6, whole process is carried out Argon with the little argon amount of 22 NL/min.
Winch to LF stove refining station after C, argon station molten steel oxygen activity are qualified and connect the argon gas band, open argon gas and adopted little argon amount 20NL/min Argon 2 minutes, then lower electrode adopts 7 grades of gears to change slag; Switch on after 3 minutes 30. seconds, lift electrode and observe stove internalization slag situation, afterwards 1615 ℃ of thermometrics, sampling; If the slag condition is rarer, add lime 2.5kg/t
Steel, then add 0.50kg/t
SteelCalcium carbide, 0.40kg/t
SteelFerro-aluminum (contains Al
48 ~ 52%, lumpiness is no more than 95mm * 95mm * 55mm) carries out deoxidation to slag and adjusts mobilely, and slag fluidity is sprinkled into carburelant (fixation of C content 94%) 0.50kg/t in the top of the slag after better
SteelAfter making slag Pao Dropletsization, lower electrode is heated to 1594 ℃ with liquid steel temperature;
D, according to steel sample assay, add alloy high carbon ferromanganese 0.4kg/t
Steel, adjust molten steel composition and temperature to acceptability limit, then observe slag specimen, the slag rear oxygen of deciding that bleaches, the oxygen level in the steel is 3 * 10
-6, analytical furnace slag ingredient FeO+MnO(mass percent) 0.80%, SiO
2Behind (mass percent)＜13.0%, suitably strengthen the argon amount, form the bright circle of 350mm, then in bright circle, add ferrotianium 1.20 kg/t
Steel, molten steel is carried out the Ti Alloying N content in the one-step removal steel of going forward side by side;
E, turn down immediately argon flow to 13 NL/min after adding ferrotianium, soft blow argon 3min, guarantee that Ti Alloying fully melts and react after, again suitably strengthen the bright circle of argon amount formation 360mm, then in bright circle, add ferro-boron (FeB17) 0.22kg/t
Steel, turn down immediately the argon flow to 15NL/min soft blow argon 5min behind the adding ferro-boron;
F, soft blow argon are opened to the line feeding station after finishing, feeding calcium iron wire 7m/ t
Steel, then hang down argon flow 12NL/min soft blow argon 8min, the large covering agent 1.0kg/t of the complete adding of soft blow
Steel, buggy ladle is beaten to waiting for that station winches to continuous casting platform, molten steel casting is become the square billet of 150mm * 150mm.
Embodiment 3
Take LF refining 10B21 high-strength cold forging steel as example, comprise following operation and step:
A, molten steel adopt 50 tons of LD converter top bottom blowings, when the tapping ladle molten steel measures to 10.5t, add high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome, iron core aluminium deoxidation alloying to ladle, deoxidation alloying sequentially is: high carbon ferromanganese → high carbon ferro-chrome → iron core aluminium, add-on is controlled to be: high carbon ferromanganese 9.8kg/t
Steel, high carbon ferro-chrome 2.3kg/t
Steel, iron core aluminium 1.6kg/t
SteelTapping process adopts wash heat and omnidistance bottom argon blowing technology, and tapping forward direction ladle bottom adds lime 4 kg/t
Steel, refining slag 1.20kg/t
Steel, argon flow amount is controlled to be 26NL/min;
B, molten steel winch to the argon station, decide that oxygen activity is 35 * 10 behind the oxygen
-6, add ferro-aluminum 0.50kg/t
Steel, 3min decides oxygen behind the adding ferro-aluminum, and oxygen activity is 15 * 10
-6, whole process is carried out Argon with the little argon amount of 16 NL/min.
Winch to LF stove refining station after C, argon station molten steel oxygen activity are qualified and connect the argon gas band, open argon gas and adopted little argon amount 16NL/min Argon 2 minutes, then lower electrode adopts 6 grades of gears to change slag; Switch on after 3 minutes, lift electrode and observe stove internalization slag situation, afterwards thermometric, sampling; If the slag condition is rarer, add lime 2kg/t
Steel, then add 0.40kg/t
SteelCalcium carbide, 0.30kg/t
SteelFerro-aluminum (contains Al
48 ~ 52%, lumpiness is no more than 95mm * 95mm * 55mm) carries out deoxidation to slag and adjusts mobilely, and slag fluidity is sprinkled into carburelant (fixation of C content 94%) 0.40kg/t in the top of the slag after better
SteelAfter making slag Pao Dropletsization, lower electrode is heated to 1585 ℃ with liquid steel temperature;
D, according to steel sample assay, add alloy high carbon ferromanganese 0.4kg/t
Steel, adjust molten steel composition and temperature to acceptability limit, then observe slag specimen, the slag rear oxygen of deciding that bleaches, the oxygen level in the steel is 2.5 * 10
-6, analytical furnace slag ingredient FeO+MnO(mass percent) 0.75%, SiO
2After (mass percent) is 12.5%, suitably strengthen the argon amount, form the bright circle of 350mm, then in bright circle, add ferrotianium 1.15 kg/t
Steel, molten steel is carried out the Ti Alloying N content in the one-step removal steel of going forward side by side;
E, turn down immediately the argon flow to 10NL/min after adding ferrotianium, soft blow argon 3min, guarantee that Ti Alloying fully melts and react after, again suitably strengthen the bright circle of argon amount formation 300mm, then in bright circle, add ferro-boron (FeB17) 0.21kg/t
Steel, turn down immediately the argon flow to 12NL/min soft blow argon 5min behind the adding ferro-boron;
F, soft blow argon are opened to the line feeding station after finishing, feeding calcium iron wire 7m/ t
Steel, then hang down argon flow 12 NL/min soft blow argon 8min, the large covering agent 0.8kg/t of the complete adding of soft blow
Steel, buggy ladle is beaten to waiting for that station winches to continuous casting platform, molten steel casting is become 150mm * 150mm square billet.
Claims (3)
1. stablize the smelting process that improves boron content in the boron-containing steel for one kind, it is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
A, molten steel adopt LD converter top bottom blowing, when the tapping ladle molten steel measures to 10～12t, add high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome, iron core aluminium deoxidation alloying to ladle, and add-on is: high carbon ferromanganese 9.8～11.1kg/t
Steel, high carbon ferro-chrome 2.2～4.15kg/t
Steel, iron core aluminium 1.5～2.6kg/t
SteelTapping process adopts wash heat and omnidistance bottom argon blowing technology, and tapping forward direction ladle bottom adds lime 4 kg/t
Steel, refining slag 1.20kg/t
Steel, argon flow amount is controlled to be 25～35NL/min;
B, molten steel winch to the argon station, decide to add ferro-aluminum adjustment oxygen content in steel, the mass ratio to 15 of oxygen and molten steel amount～20 * 10 according to the molten steel oxygen activity behind the oxygen
-6, whole process is carried out Argon with the little argon amount of 15～25 NL/min;
Winch to LF stove refining station after C, argon station molten steel oxygen activity are qualified and connect the argon gas band, open argon gas and adopted little argon amount 15～25NL/min Argon 2 minutes, then lower electrode adopts 6～8 grades of gears to change slag; Switch on after 3～4 minutes, lift electrode and observe stove internalization slag situation, afterwards thermometric, sampling if the slag condition is rarer, added lime 2～3kg/t
Steel, then add 0.40～0.60kg/t
SteelCalcium carbide, 0.20～0.60kg/t
SteelFerro-aluminum carries out deoxidation and adjusts flowability slag, and slag fluidity is better rear to be sprinkled into carburelant 0.40～0.60kg/t in the top of the slag
SteelAfter making slag Pao Dropletsization, lower electrode is heated to 1580～1600 ℃ with liquid steel temperature;
D, according to steel sample assay, add alloy synchronization control molten steel composition and temperature to acceptability limit, then observe slag specimen, the slag rear oxygen of deciding that bleaches, the oxygen level in steel≤5 * 10
-6, guarantee slag composition FeO+MnO mass percent＜1.0%, SiO
2Behind mass percent＜15.0%, suitably strengthen the argon amount, form the bright circle of 300～400mm, then in bright circle, add ferrotianium 1.13～1.32 kg/t
Steel, molten steel is carried out the Ti Alloying N content in the one-step removal steel of going forward side by side;
E, turn down immediately argon flow to 10～15 NL/min after adding ferrotianium, soft blow argon 3min, guarantee that Ti Alloying fully melts and react after, again suitably strengthen the bright circle that the argon amount forms 300～400mm, then adding ferro-boron FeB17 0.20～0.24kg/t in bright circle
Steel, turn down immediately argon flow to 10～15 NL/min soft blow argon 5min behind the adding ferro-boron;
F, soft blow argon are opened to the line feeding station after finishing, feeding calcium iron wire 7～8m/ t
Steel, then hang down argon flow 10～15 NL/min soft blow argon 8min, the large covering agent 0.8～1.0kg/t of the complete adding of soft blow
Steel, buggy ladle is beaten to waiting for that station winches to continuous casting platform, becomes square billet with molten steel casting.
2. the smelting process of boron content in the stable raising boron-containing steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that the ferro-aluminum described in the C step contains Al
48 ~ 52%, lumpiness is no more than 95mm * 95mm * 55mm.
3. the smelting process of boron content in the stable raising boron-containing steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that the carburelant fixed carbon content 94% described in the C step.
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