Summary of the invention
The features and advantages of the present invention are partly stated in the following description, or can be apparent from this description, or learn by putting into practice the present invention.
For solving the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, prevention and reduce the risk of chaufeur drunk driving, the invention provides a kind of vehicle-mounted alcohol test system, method and uses the automobile of this system.
It is as follows that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme:
A kind of vehicle-mounted alcohol test system, this system comprises:
Alcohol concentration sensor, for measuring the air alcohol concentration of its installed position and changing this alcohol concentration into electric signal and send to main control module;
Temperature sensor, for measuring the temperature of air in car and being converted into electric signal and sending to main control module;
Rang sensor, is converted into electric signal sends to main control module for the distance measured between alcohol concentration sensor and driver head;
Whether main control module, exceed standard for the electric signal determination chaufeur alcohol sent according to alcohol concentration sensor, temperature sensor and rang sensor, exports control signal to action executing module; And
Action executing module, for receiving the control signal of main control module and performing corresponding actions according to control signal.
As preferred embodiment, alcohol concentration sensor wherein, temperature sensor and rang sensor are on a circuit board integrated, and are installed on the middle part of vehicle steering.
As preferred embodiment, main control module also comprises:
The alcohol diffusion coefficient determination module of the alcohol diffusion coefficient that the electric signal for sending according to temperature sensor is corresponding under determining this temperature, this module is connected with temperature sensor;
Repeatedly perform curve fitting process according to predetermined formula for the electric signal that sends over according to alcohol concentration sensor, rang sensor and alcohol diffusion coefficient and export the numerical fitting module of fitting result, this module is connected with alcohol diffusion coefficient determination module with alcohol concentration sensor, rang sensor respectively;
Whether for exceeding standard according to chaufeur alcohol in fitting result and pre-defined rule determination car and exporting the decision-making module of control signal to action executing module, this module is connected with action executing module with numerical fitting module respectively.
As preferred embodiment, can this alcohol detection system also comprise the enable switch carrying out normal work for controlling this alcohol detection system.
According to a further aspect in the invention, also provide a kind of vehicle-mounted alcohol method of inspection, the method comprises:
In the car that alcohol concentration sensor, temperature sensor and rang sensor are detected respectively, alcohol concentration, temperature and the distance between alcohol concentration sensor and driver head change electric signal into and send to main control module;
Whether the electric signal determination chaufeur alcohol that main control module sends according to alcohol concentration sensor, temperature sensor and rang sensor exceeds standard, and exports control signal to action executing module;
Action executing module receives the control signal of main control module and performs corresponding actions according to control signal.
As preferential embodiment, whether the electric signal determination chaufeur alcohol that main control module wherein sends according to alcohol concentration sensor, temperature sensor and rang sensor exceeds standard, and the step exporting control signal to action executing module comprises:
The alcohol diffusion coefficient that the alcohol diffusion coefficient determination module of main control module is corresponding under determining this temperature according to the electric signal that temperature sensor sends;
The electric signal that the numerical fitting module of main control module sends over according to alcohol concentration sensor, rang sensor and the alcohol diffusion coefficient that alcohol diffusion coefficient determination module sends over also repeatedly perform curve fitting process according to predetermined formula and export fitting result;
Whether the decision-making module of main control module exceeds standard according to chaufeur alcohol in fitting result determination car and exports control signal to action executing module.
As preferred embodiment, the step of the alcohol diffusion coefficient that the alcohol diffusion coefficient determination module of main control module is corresponding under determining this temperature according to the electric signal that temperature sensor sends comprises: the value form of corresponding alcohol diffusion coefficient under setting up different temperatures, table look-up according to Current Temperatures, know the alcohol diffusion coefficient under Current Temperatures.
As preferred embodiment, fitting result wherein comprises the optimum value of expiration alcohol concentration and corresponding minimum error of fitting.
As preferred embodiment, whether the decision-making module of main control module exceeds standard according to chaufeur alcohol in fitting result determination car and export the step of control signal to action executing module comprises: judge whether minimum error of fitting is less than default error of fitting thresholding, if not, then be judged to be non-drunk driving, if so, then judge whether the optimum value of expiration alcohol concentration is greater than default expiration alcohol concentration threshold value further, if not, then be judged to be non-drunk driving, be if so, then judged to be drunk driving.
As preferred embodiment, action executing module receives the control signal of main control module and performs the step of corresponding actions according to control signal and comprise and in car, to send sound and light alarm signal or cut off starting power for engine.
In addition, the present invention also discloses a kind of automobile, and this automobile employs above-mentioned vehicle-mounted alcohol test system.
By above technical scheme, owing to employing algorithm specific to corresponding sensor technology and the present invention, convenient, fast, achieve alcohol screen test to chaufeur in car automatically, exactly, by the matching of main control module and the mode such as to table look-up, automobile is made to possess higher intelligent and hommization.Simultaneously, owing to can test the alcohol of chaufeur according to automatically realizing, determine whether drunk driving, can automatically cut off starting power for engine or sound and light alarm signal is provided, drive when intoxicated for preventing chaufeur and provide good preventive, for the intellectuality and safety improving automobile further provides strong guarantee.
By reading specification sheets, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand the characteristic sum content of these technical schemes better.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the invention is described in further detail.
The groundwork realizing technical solution of the present invention is:
When the alcohol source that has constant density is placed in atmosphere, its alcohol molecule will spread in atmosphere, and this diffusion process meets Fick's law (Fick ' sLaw), being substantially described below of this law: set the constant density in alcohol source as Q
0, the moment of putting into air is t=0, and when temperature is T, the aerial diffusion coefficient of alcohol is D
t, then distance alcohol source L alcohol concentration Q at a distance
l(t) be:
The alcohol concentration Q at L place as can be seen here
lt () is time dependent curve, and in the ideal case, this curve meets above-mentioned formula, has a fixing change procedure.
Therefore, can using chaufeur as an alcohol source, the concentration that an alcohol concentration sensor measures alcohol is installed onboard, the distance L of alcohol concentration sensor and driver head measured by a rang sensor, TEMP measures air themperature T in car, thus can by tabling look-up (this table be one experimentally or the prestoring of empirical value gained) learn the aerial diffusion coefficient D of alcohol at T temperature
t(this diffusion coefficient belongs to the basic physical property of alcohol, any technical personnel that the physical property of alcohol is known about, all can find on corresponding physics handbook), then a series of alcohol concentration value Q measuring L place can be removed according to certain sampling period (this cycle can preset according to actual needs)
l(t
1), Q
l(t
2) ..., Q
l(t
n), then according to above-mentioned formula with Q
0for variable carries out matching, if error of fitting is less than the thresholding of setting, then can be considered and detect an alcohol diffusion process, in its mouthful, the alcohol concentration of breath is the Q that matching obtains
0optimal value, and then to judge
whether be greater than the alcohol concentration thresholding of the steerman breath preset, so just can judge chaufeur whether drunken driving.
The vehicle-mounted alcohol test system realized according to above principle, as shown in Figure 1, comprises following several module:
For measuring the air alcohol concentration of its installed position and being changed into the alcohol concentration sensor 1 that electric signal sends to main control module 4; For measuring the temperature of air in car and being converted into the temperature sensor 2 that electric signal sends to main control module 4; Be converted into the rang sensor 3 that electric signal sends to main control module 4 for the distance measured between alcohol concentration sensor 1 and driver head; Whether the electric signal determination chaufeur alcohol for sending according to alcohol concentration sensor 1, temperature sensor 2 and rang sensor 3 exceeds standard, and exports the main control module 4 of control signal to action executing module 5; And perform the action executing module 5 of corresponding actions according to control signal for the control signal that receives main control module 4; Wherein, alcohol concentration sensor 1, temperature sensor 2, rang sensor 3 and action executing module 5 are connected with main control module 4 respectively.
In a preferred embodiment, alcohol concentration sensor 1, temperature sensor 2 and rang sensor 3 are on a circuit board integrated, and are installed on the middle part of vehicle steering, can certainly be installed on the middle control instrument desk of automobile.
Wherein, main control module 4 also comprises: the alcohol diffusion coefficient determination module 4a of the alcohol diffusion coefficient that the electric signal for sending according to temperature sensor 2 is corresponding under determining this temperature, this module is connected with temperature sensor 2.On concrete technology realizes, this module can be run on the software program in main control module 4, and its Main Function is air themperature T in the car that measures according to temperature sensor 2, determines alcohol diffusion coefficient D corresponding at such a temperature
t, and be sent to numerical fitting module 4b.The size of diffusion coefficient depends primarily on kind and the temperature and pressure thereof of diffusate and dispersive medium, in the present system, diffusate alcohol, dispersive medium air are fixed amount, and due to alcohol be free expanding in atmosphere, therefore pressure also can be considered constant, therefore alcohol diffusion coefficient D
tcan think only relevant with temperature T.Therefore, a kind ofly preferably determine that the method for current alcohol diffusion coefficient is, the value form of corresponding alcohol diffusion coefficient under setting up different temperatures, tables look-up according to the current temperature T measured, and knows current alcohol diffusion coefficient D
t.
Main control module 4 also comprises: for the electric signal that sends over according to alcohol concentration sensor 1, rang sensor 3 and alcohol diffusion coefficient D
tand repeatedly perform curve fitting process according to predetermined formula and export the numerical fitting module 4b of fitting result, this module is connected with rang sensor 3 with alcohol concentration sensor 1, alcohol diffusion coefficient determination module 4a respectively.On concrete technology realizes, this module can be run on the software program in main control module 4, and its execution curve fitting process is:
Make current time be 0 moment, read distance L and diffusion coefficient D
t, and be starting point with current time, read n alcohol concentration observed reading Q continuously
l(0), Q
l(△ t), Q
l(2 △ t) ..., Q
l(n △ t), wherein n is sampling length, △ t is the sampling period, and according to Fick's law (Fick ' sLaw), carries out matching, calculate expiration alcohol concentration Q according to following formula
0optimum value and corresponding minimum error of fitting Err.
Native system can adopt any one NUMERICAL MATCH METHOD FOR to carry out matching, and a kind of preferred approximating method is constructed as follows majorized function, and adopt Least-squares minimization algorithm determination expiration alcohol concentration Q
0optimum value and minimum Err.
Because the optimization of numerical fitting and function has been very ripe algorithm, do not repeat them here.
Whether main control module 4 also comprises: for exceeding standard according to chaufeur alcohol in fitting result and pre-defined rule determination car and export the decision-making module 4c of control signal to action executing module 5.This module can be run on software program in main control module 4, and Main Function obtains expiration alcohol concentration Q according to numerical fitting module 4b
0the minimum error of fitting Err of optimum value and correspondence thereof, calculates the BAC of chaufeur, judges whether chaufeur is drunken driving.Detailed process as shown in Figure 2, first judges whether Err is less than the error of fitting thresholding E preset
threshold(this error of fitting thresholding carries out debugging according to the situation in reality use and obtains, and this value is 0.2 in a preferred embodiment), if not, then illustrate and obvious alcohol diffusion process do not detected, be judged as non-drunken driving, if so, then need to judge expiration alcohol concentration Q further
0whether optimum value is greater than the steerman expiration alcohol concentration thresholding Q preset
threshold, if not, then illustrate that this alcohol concentration is too small, be judged as non-drunken driving, if so, then drunken driving is judged as, and further according to the empirical equation of BAC and expiration alcohol concentration, calculate BAC, the empirical equation calculating BAC is: BAC=expiration alcohol concentration × proportionality coefficient, and wherein proportionality coefficient every country standard is different, and the U.S. is 2000, the a lot of country in Europe adopts 2100, and China adopts 2200.
Main control module 4 after determining that chaufeur is drunk driving, then exports control signal to action executing module 5, and this control signal is activate the useful signal that action executing module 5 carries out corresponding actions.Wherein, action executing module 5 can be a set of can sounding and/or the acoustooptic alarm system of flashing signal, also can be an electronic switch that can cut off starting power for engine.
In a preferred embodiment, owing in car being the environment of a relative closure, when there being passenger to be in intoxication, and chaufeur is not in intoxication, and the alcohol concentration sensor 1 now in car also likely detects alcohol concentration, and produce the situation of flase alarm, so this system can also comprise an enable switch, when this enable switch is opened, this system could normally work, when this enable switch is closed, this system cisco unity malfunction.
Realize based on above system just, as shown in Figure 3, vehicle-mounted alcohol method of inspection disclosed in this invention can be described below:
In the car that step 301, alcohol concentration sensor, temperature sensor and rang sensor are detected respectively, alcohol concentration, temperature and the distance between alcohol concentration sensor and driver head change electric signal into and send to main control module;
Whether the electric signal determination chaufeur alcohol that step 302, main control module send according to alcohol concentration sensor, temperature sensor and rang sensor exceeds standard, and exports control signal to action executing module;
Step 303, action executing module receive the control signal of main control module and perform corresponding actions according to control signal.In a preferred embodiment, whether the electric signal determination chaufeur alcohol that main control module wherein sends according to alcohol concentration sensor, temperature sensor and rang sensor exceeds standard, and the step exporting control signal to action executing module comprises:
The alcohol diffusion coefficient that the alcohol diffusion coefficient determination module of main control module is corresponding under determining this temperature according to the electric signal that temperature sensor sends;
The electric signal that the numerical fitting module of main control module sends over according to alcohol concentration sensor, rang sensor and the alcohol diffusion coefficient that alcohol diffusion coefficient determination module sends over also repeatedly perform curve fitting process according to predetermined formula and export fitting result;
Whether the decision-making module of main control module exceeds standard according to chaufeur alcohol in fitting result and pre-defined rule determination car and exports control signal to action executing module.
In a preferred embodiment, execution corresponding actions wherein comprises and in car, to send sound and light alarm signal or cut off starting power for engine.
Wherein, the pre-defined rule of decision-making module institute foundation mainly refers to: judge whether minimum error of fitting is less than default error of fitting thresholding, if not, then be judged to be non-drunk driving, if so, then judge whether the optimum value of expiration alcohol concentration is greater than default expiration alcohol concentration threshold value further, if not, then be judged to be non-drunk driving, be if so, then judged to be drunk driving.In conjunction with system described above be exactly furthermore: first judge whether Err is less than the error of fitting thresholding E preset
threshold(this error of fitting thresholding carries out debugging according to the situation in reality use and obtains, and this value is 0.2 in a preferred embodiment), if not, then illustrate and obvious alcohol diffusion process do not detected, be judged as non-drunken driving, if so, then need to judge expiration alcohol concentration Q further
0whether optimum value is greater than the steerman expiration alcohol concentration thresholding Q preset
threshold, if not, then illustrate that this alcohol concentration is too small, be judged as non-drunken driving, be if so, then judged as drunken driving.
Realize about further technology, those skilled in the art can realize system and method described in the invention substantially according to the description in conjunction with above system and method, so, do not repeat them here.
In addition, the invention also discloses a kind of automobile, this automobile employs above-mentioned vehicle-mounted alcohol test system and method, and the automobile employing this system and method obviously possesses higher intellectuality, can prevent the generation of drunk driving preferably.By the specific implementation of above technical scheme, owing to employing algorithm specific to corresponding sensor technology and the present invention, convenient, fast, achieve alcohol screen test to chaufeur in car automatically, exactly, and accuracy of detection is higher, by the matching of main control module and the mode such as to table look-up, automobile is made to possess higher intelligent and hommization.Simultaneously, owing to can test the alcohol of chaufeur according to automatically realizing, determine whether drunk driving, can automatically cut off starting power for engine or sound and light alarm signal is provided, drive when intoxicated for preventing chaufeur and provide good preventive, for the intellectuality and safety improving automobile further provides strong guarantee.In addition, owing to having used enable switch, made the automobile using the method and system, the situation of flase alarm can not have been produced because of the alcohol status of non-navigating mate, possess higher intellectuality.
Above with reference to the accompanying drawings of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not depart from the scope and spirit of the present invention, and multiple flexible program can be had to realize the present invention.For example, to illustrate as the part of an embodiment or the feature that describes can be used for another embodiment to obtain another embodiment.These are only the better feasible embodiment of the present invention, not thereby limit to interest field of the present invention that the equivalence change that all utilizations specification sheets of the present invention and accompanying drawing content are done all is contained within interest field of the present invention.