CN101954865A - Intelligent device and method for monitoring drunk driving - Google Patents
Intelligent device and method for monitoring drunk driving Download PDFInfo
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- CN101954865A CN101954865A CN 201010299236 CN201010299236A CN101954865A CN 101954865 A CN101954865 A CN 101954865A CN 201010299236 CN201010299236 CN 201010299236 CN 201010299236 A CN201010299236 A CN 201010299236A CN 101954865 A CN101954865 A CN 101954865A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent device and a method for monitoring drunk driving in the technical field of controlling in the automotive engineering. The device comprises a driven infrared sensor, an alcohol sensor, a first disposal amplifier, a second disposal amplifier, a signal processor, a controller, an electronic starting switch, a voice prompter, a vehicle speed control mechanism, a first power supply adapter and a second power supply adapter. The method comprises the following steps: 1) initializing, 2) confirming if someone is in the cab, 3) quickly heating the alcohol sensor, 4) heating the alcohol sensor through a low current, 5) identifying the alcohol component, 6) judging the alcohol content, 7) prohibiting drunk driving, 8) judging if the drunker leaves the driving seat, and 9) confirming the continuous monitoring work mode. The invention can efficiently prevent other people from blowing instead of the driver or other people from driving instead of the driver in midstream and can accurately monitor and efficiently prevent the drunk driver from driving.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the apparatus and method in the control technology field in a kind of automotive engineering, specifically is intelligent apparatus and method that a kind of monitoring is driven when intoxicated.
Background technology
Behavior generally is subjected to the public's condemnation and hates although drive when intoxicated, Jue Daduoshuo country all takes very tough laws measure to be prevented and punish to the behavior of driving when intoxicated in the world, but for all bad habits and the bad common practice in the society, wish that all motorists can thoroughly accomplish the voluntary observance traffic law, still need one very long period of experience.At situation like this, adopt the advanced intelligent technology that automotive performance is improved, obviously be indispensable thing, and be highly effective technical measures.Therefore the mal-practice that intelligent apparatus that monitoring provided by the invention is driven when intoxicated and method can accurately be monitored and effectively stop chaufeur to be driven when intoxicated can prevent the generation that leads to various forms of traffic tragic incidents because of drive when intoxicated (and even drunk driving).
Find by prior art documents, " a kind of Automobile air sensitive self-locking device and monitored control system thereof of preventing drunk driver from driving " (Chinese invention patent of all xun, one of the Eight Diagrams, the patent No.: 02152589.7) propose: " a kind of Automobile air sensitive self-locking device and monitored control system thereof of preventing drunk driver from driving; be by setting up near the seat drive motor: drinks gas sensor and be serially connected in storage battery to the relay contact in the starting motor of automobile supply line by its control; and mainly realized by the instruction route through and off of safety traffic department long-distance remote control drinks gas sensor; in addition; can also demonstrate the automobile license number at the driver place of desiring to drive when intoxicated and open item and the behave that relates to monitoring with this car driver's Interface etc. in safety traffic department, purpose are to control effectively the drive when intoxicated generation of incident of driver." this apparatus system is worth certainly, but still has two defectives: (1) can't take precautions against by other people on behalf of after starting, alcohol user's row corrupt practice of getting on the bus and driving again; (2) " by safety traffic department long-distance remote control " system is too complicated, but also the omission phenomenon can occur unavoidably.
Find by prior art documents again, Wu Yuecheng, thank to pendant, " a kind of anti-drunk driving vehicle-mounted system that ensures driver uniqueness " (Chinese invention patent application number: 200910100453.0) disclose a kind of anti-drunk driving vehicle-mounted system that ensures driver uniqueness of summer Yun Qing etc., this onboard system comprises alcohol detector, A/D converter, starter controller, alcohol detector is connected with A/D converter, and comprise face identification system, the ccd sensor circuit, choker relief valve, central process unit, face identification system is connected with central process unit with the ccd sensor circuit respectively, central process unit respectively with A/D converter, starter controller is connected with choker relief valve, choker relief valve comprises air scoop, and alcohol detector is located at the position near described air scoop.This technology detects the alcohol detection system as main, face identification system is as auxiliary monitoring, these two systems are combined, when stopping to drive when intoxicated, chaufeur is carried out complete monitoring, can carry out uniqueness control to chaufeur, look for the people on behalf of the corrupt practice of blowing or stop off is substituted and driven in order to prevent chaufeur.Must be pointed out: this system has increased " ccd sensor circuit " and " face identification system " has certain effect to " prevent chaufeur from looking for the people on behalf of the corrupt practice of blowing or stop off is substituted and driven ", but, system is too complicated undoubtedly, stop the reliability of driving when intoxicated obviously can be lowered, in addition " on behalf of blowing " person and " driving when intoxicated " person add respectively under the camouflage situations such as wear dark glasses and cap, the false determination ratio of " face identification system " identification is significantly promoted, and its practicality must be had a greatly reduced quality.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, the intelligent apparatus and the method that provide a kind of monitoring to drive when intoxicated, the mal-practice that the present invention can effectively stop chaufeur to be driven when intoxicated has greatly been brought into play the effect that ensures people's security of the lives and property.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention relates to monitor the intelligent apparatus of driving when intoxicated, comprising: passive infrared sensor, alcohol sensor, the first conditioning amplifier, the second conditioning amplifier, signal processor, controller, electric start derailing switch, voice prompting device, speed of a motor vehicle operating-controlling mechanism, first power supply adaptor, second source adapter.Passive infrared sensor is used for sensing people infrared radiation, and the output interface of passive infrared sensor is connected with the input interface of the first conditioning amplifier; The output interface of the first conditioning amplifier is connected with signal processor first input interface; Alcohol sensor is used for the alcohol steam of sensing surrounding air, and the output interface of alcohol sensor is connected with the input interface of the second conditioning amplifier; The output interface of the second conditioning amplifier is connected with signal processor second input interface; Signal processor first output interface is connected with the input interface of controller, and the output interface of controller is connected with the input interface of electric start derailing switch; The output interface of electric start derailing switch is connected with the input interface of original automobile initiating means; Signal processor second output interface is connected with the input interface of voice prompting device and speed of a motor vehicle operating-controlling mechanism; The input interface of first power supply adaptor is connected with the output port of vehicle-mounted 24V direct supply, and the output interface of first power supply adaptor is in parallel with the power port of the first conditioning amplifier, the second conditioning amplifier, signal processor, controller, voice prompting device, electric start derailing switch, speed of a motor vehicle operating-controlling mechanism; The anodal termination of the output interface of first power supply adaptor also is connected with the anodal termination of passive infrared sensor; The negative pole of the negative pole termination of the output interface of first power supply adaptor and passive infrared sensor, alcohol sensor altogether; The input port of second source adapter and signal processor+5V voltage output end mouth is connected, and the positive and negative electrode termination of the output interface of second source adapter is connected negative earth with the positive and negative electrode termination of alcohol sensor respectively.
Described alcohol sensor is a based semiconductor gas sensor.When semiconductor gas sensor is worked, at first its substrate material surface produces the interfacial potential variation to the ambient gas adsorption, again by oxidation, reduction reaction, forms the conductivity variations phenomenon of gas sensitive therefrom, change chemical signal into electric signal, thereby reach the purpose of detection.
In other words, when certain gas of oxide semiconductor adsorption since adsorbate at the Fermi level of the formed surface energy level of semiconductor surface and quartz conductor itself not in same level, therefore, near surface formation space charge layer.The width of this space-charge region and carrier concentration profile and conductivity change with the character of adsorbate and the variation of concentration, thereby can be qualitative even reflect the existence and the content thereof of tested gas quantitatively.
Described " Fermi level of quartz conductor itself " is meant the one type of oxide semiconductor that is exposed in the atmosphere, as Pd-La
2O
3-SnO
2Deng, its total surface is to adsorb certain amount of electrons alms giver (as hydrogen atom) or electronics is subjected to main (as oxygen atom), forms the size of spatial surface quantity of electric charge thus.Because the difference of the surface energy level that forms just forms potential barrier therebetween, thereby form the space charge layer that is positioned near surface with quartz conductor inside.This surface energy level depends on the electrophilicity of adsorbate with respect to the position of the Fermi level of quartz conductor own.If its electrophilicity low (being reducibility gas), the surface energy level of generation will be positioned at Fermi level below, being adsorbed molecule provides electronics and becomes positive ion and be adsorbed on semiconductor surface to space charge region; Simultaneously, because electron density increases, make the corresponding increase of conductivity of charge layer in the space charge layer.Otherwise if the electrophilicity height of adsorbate (being oxidizing gas), the surface energy level of generation will be positioned at Fermi level top, be adsorbed molecule and draw electronics in the space charge region and become negative ion and be adsorbed on semiconductor surface; Simultaneously, because electron density reduces, make the corresponding minimizing of conductivity of charge layer in the space charge layer.Therefore, when gas concentration when semiconductor surface changes, the conductivity of space charge region just changes.In other words, the conductivity of space-charge region is modulated by gas type and concentration.
Specifically, as Pd-La
2O
3-SnO
2And so on semi-conductive conduction current carrier be electronics, the changes delta g of its surface conductivity can be provided by following formula
Δ g=e μ Δ n (formula one)
In the formula, e is an electron charge; μ is the surface electronic mechanical mobility; Δ n is surperficial carrier density variable quantity.
In thickness was the space charge layer of h, Δ n can try to achieve by integration, and
In the formula, n
bBe quartz conductor inside carrier concentration, n (z) is a carrier concentration in the space charge layer.
To the space charge layer of regular cuboid, being changed to of its surface conductance
In the formula, Δ G is a space charge layer surface conductance variable quantity; A is the sectional area of semiconductor element; L is the length of semiconductor element.
Equally, the sensitive material of supposing composed component is continuous thick film, then to the oxide semiconductor element of regular cuboid, and its internal conductance G
bFor
In the formula, μ
bBe quartz conductor internal electron mechanical mobility; H is the quartz conductor gross thickness.
If the influence of the oxidated thing semiconductor surface of electron mobility state is minimum, i.e. μ
b≈ μ, then the electricity relatively of oxide semiconductor is led variation and can be drawn by formula (formula one), (formula two) and (formula three)
The electricity relatively of oxide semiconductor gas sensor is led variation
The detection sensitivity of this element just.Therefore, by (formula five) as can be known,, must select the inner carrier concentration n of quartz conductor for use if will improve the sensitivity of gas sensor
bLow oxide material, and should reduce component thickness H as far as possible.And to the gas sensor of selected material and structure, its sensitivity then depends on the variation delta n of the oxide semiconductor surface carrier concentration that the unit concentration gases can be introduced.
Described passive infrared sensor is called for short infrared pickoff, has passive reception human body (or other outwards the object of infrared radiation) the ultrared function that gives off, and converts thereof into electric signal and export.Passive infrared sensor has D, S, three electrodes of G, D power connection positive pole, and G ground connection, S is the electric signal output stage.
The described first conditioning amplifier comprises the two-stage voltage amplifier.When the conditioning amplifier input terminal receives the infrared electric signal of infrared pickoff output, at first original signal is amplified through first order voltage amplifier, signal after the amplification is proceeded to amplify through resistance capacity coupling to second stage voltage amplifier, and the signal after amplify the second stage inputs to signal processor first input interface.The circuit structure of the described second conditioning amplifier is identical with the first conditioning amplifier, just both quiescent points are different, the second conditioning amplifier is specifically designed to the electric signal that amplifies alcohol sensor output, and the alcohol sensor sensing electric signal that amplifies through the second conditioning amplifier is delivered to signal processor second input interface by its output interface.
Described signal processor comprises: first input interface, second input interface, first analog-to-digital conversion module, second analog-to-digital conversion module, computing decision-making module, first output interface, second output interface.Wherein: the output port of first input interface is connected with the input port of first analog-to-digital conversion module, and the output port of first analog-to-digital conversion module is connected with the computing decision-making module first input channel port; The output port of second input interface is connected with the input port of second analog-to-digital conversion module, and the output port of second analog-to-digital conversion module is connected with the computing decision-making module second input channel port; The first delivery channel port of computing decision-making module is connected with the input port of first output interface, and the second delivery channel port of computing decision-making module is connected with the input port of second output interface; The output port of first output interface is connected with the input interface of controller, and the output port of second output interface is connected with the input interface of second source adapter.
Described voice prompting device comprises: digital command input interface, on-off signal input interface, decoder, digital voice module, D and A converter, power amplifier module, loud speaker; Wherein: the mouth of digital command input interface is connected with the digital signal input end mouth of decoder, the mouth of on-off signal input interface is connected with the on-off signal input port of decoder, the output port of decoder is connected with the input port of digital voice module, the output port of digital voice module is connected with the input port of D and A converter, the output port of D and A converter is connected with the input port of power amplifier module, and the output port of power amplifier module is connected with the input port of loud speaker.Receive the control command of signal processor output when voice prompting device digital command input interface after, explanation through decoder, voice unit in the link digital voice module, voice unit sequence after the link is transported to D and A converter successively be converted to voice analog signal, again voice analog signal is transported to power amplifier module and sent corresponding phonetic warning through power gain rear drive loud speaker.
Described speed of a motor vehicle operating-controlling mechanism comprises: input interface, first D and A converter, power amplifier, electromagnetic valve and electric brake push rod.Wherein, the input port of input interface is connected with the output interface of signal processor, the output port of input interface is connected with the input port of first D and A converter, the output port of first D and A converter is connected with the input port of power amplifier, the output port of power amplifier simultaneously with two end points of two end points of electromagnetic valve coil and electric brake push rod coil mutually and connect.
Described electromagnetic valve coil is enclosed within the outside of electromagnetic core, produce magnetic force by electromagnetic core when magnet coil is subjected to electricity valve is produced magnetic attraction, along with the size variation that is added in magnet coil two-end-point voltage signal, the magnetic attraction of electromagnetic core produces corresponding variation simultaneously, the magnetic attraction of electromagnetic core acts on valve, the pulling valve is to change the aperture of valve, resistance spring is a kind of extension spring, valve is in the pulling of electromagnetic core magnetic attraction, resistance spring is also stretched simultaneously, therefore produce an elastic force opposite with the electromagnetic core magnetic attraction, when electromagnetic core magnetic attraction and resistance spring elastic force reach balance, valve just is stopped pulling, and promptly valve opening is with to be added in magnet coil two-end-point voltage corresponding.
Described electric brake push rod, comprise: electric brake coil and electromagnetism push rod, the electric brake mounting coil is at an end of electromagnetism push rod, the other end of electromagnetism push rod is connected with footbrake bar thick stick mechanism, when the electric brake coil is subjected to electricity, the electromagnetic field that the electric brake coil is produced produces axial mechanical thrust to the push rod that is sleeved in the electric brake coil, this axial mechanical thrust acts on the electric pushrod of footbrake bar thick stick mechanism and does on the force, plays with the same effect of footbrake making the vehicle self-actuating brake by bar thick stick mechanism.
Described first power supply adaptor for passive infrared sensor, two conditioning amplifiers, signal processor, controller, voice prompting device, electric start derailing switches are provided with, can require to provide corresponding work voltage according to different circuit workings.
Described second source adapter be specially for the heater circuit of alcohol sensor is provided with, and its on-off mode directly is subjected to the control of signal processor output command.
Described electric start derailing switch comprises: first grade of mechanical/electrical switch module; Second grade of alcohol sensing control switch module; Third gear engine start switch module.The class conversion of electric start derailing switch is realized by the mechanical rotation of automobile starting key.Each class function of electric start derailing switch is: clockwise rotate first grade, the mechanical switch device is opened first power supply adaptor, provides working power to vehicle-mounted inspection control system equipment such as passive infrared sensor, two conditioning amplifiers, signal processor, controller, voice prompting device, electric start derailing switches; Continue to clockwise rotate second grade, the main channel conducting of alcohol sensing control switch module; Third gear promptly enters the mode of operation of preparing start the engine.First grade of mechanical/electrical switch module and third gear engine starting electric switch module are original auto electric switch module.Described second grade of alcohol sensing control switch module, its core devices is a bidirectional thyristor, second grade of turning handle switch contact is serially connected with on the control signal passage of bidirectional thyristor, promptly the input contact of second grade of turning handle switch is connected with the output interface of controller, and its output contact is connected with the control utmost point of bidirectional thyristor; The source of bidirectional thyristor, leakage the two poles of the earth are serially connected with in the third gear engine starting loop, when signal processor judges that current operator's compartment is full of certain density alcohol steam, the controller output low level is to the control utmost point of bidirectional thyristor, cause bidirectional thyristor to be in, forbid the automobile engine starting of third gear by (not conducting) state; Otherwise the output of controller high level guarantees that bidirectional thyristor is in conducting state, and the automotive engine that can carry out third gear normally starts.
That is to say that when the electric start derailing switch was opened first gear switch, vehicle-mounted inspection control system was initially located in mode of operation, first power supply adaptor is powered to relevant device; Then, when the electric start derailing switch is opened second gear switch, will be subjected to the control of alcohol transducing signal: so long as the drunken driving person, the instruction of apparatus system output will forbid that the electric start derailing switch can't make starter motor and auxiliary circuit thereof possess working power at the switch of third gear.
Meanwhile, if chaufeur looks for the people on behalf of blowing or stop off when substituting the corrupt practice of driving, the present invention can not allow this type of corrupt practice succeed yet.Because, alcohol sensor wherein is in the monitoring mode of operation all the time, behind the automobile starting, in a single day this apparatus system continues to detect alcohol in the operator's compartment and still exceeds and appraise and decide threshold value, then signal processor can be in real time to voice prompting device and speed of a motor vehicle operating-controlling mechanism sending controling instruction, under the effect of control command, warning drivers is forbidden driving and automatically vehicle is implemented to slow down until brake.
The invention still further relates to the intelligent method that monitoring is driven when intoxicated, comprise that step is as follows:
Step 1, initial work state, be that the electric start derailing switch is opened first grade, first power supply adaptor is unlocked, and infrared pickoff, two conditioning amplifiers, signal processor, controller, voice prompting device, electric start derailing switch, speed of a motor vehicle operating-controlling mechanism etc. are in running order.
The time-delay t of step 4, process certain hour
1, as t
1=0.5～2s, signal processor sends second control command to the second source adapter, turn-off the electronic switch on the big current channel, open little electric current simultaneously, it is the specified electronic switch of keeping on the heating current passage, make the heater strip of alcohol sensor under little electric current, continue alcohol (gas) end instr is heated, and it is stable to keep operating ambient temperature, is called the normal heating alcohol sensor.
After step 6, signal processor calculate the alcohol transducing signal that receives, determine according to decision threshold whether the alcohol content of current detected person's emission gases " exceeds standard "; In this way, then generate parallel controller and the voice prompting device, execution in step seven of exporting to of the 3rd control command; Otherwise signal processor is at time-delay certain hour t
2After, as t
2=2s, system's execution in step nine.
The mal-practice that the present invention can effectively stop chaufeur to be driven when intoxicated, therefore can prevent to lead to the generation of various forms of traffic accidents because of drive when intoxicated (and even drunk driving), can play the good result of forbidding drunken driving, the rate of accuracy reached to 100% of identification has greatly been brought into play the effect that ensures people's security of the lives and property.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention system architecture scheme drawing;
Fig. 2 is an alcohol sensor structure principle chart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is an alcohol sensor equivalent circuit diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is provided with site plan for passive infrared sensor of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is provided with site plan for alcohol sensor of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is electric start derailing switch principle of work scheme drawing figure of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a speed of a motor vehicle operating-controlling mechanism scheme drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the inventive method functional block diagram.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment relates to the intelligent apparatus that monitoring is driven when intoxicated, and comprising: passive infrared sensor 1, alcohol sensor 2, the first conditioning amplifier 3, the second conditioning amplifier 4, signal processor 5, controller 6, electric start derailing switch 8, voice prompting device 7, speed of a motor vehicle operating-controlling mechanism 9, first power supply adaptor 10, second source adapter 11.Passive infrared sensor 1 is used for sensing people infrared radiation, and the output interface of passive infrared sensor 1 is connected with the input interface of the first conditioning amplifier 3; The output interface of the first conditioning amplifier 3 is connected with signal processor 5 first input interfaces; Alcohol sensor 2 is used for the alcohol steam of sensing surrounding air, and the output interface of alcohol sensor 2 is connected with the input interface of the second conditioning amplifier 4; The output interface of the second conditioning amplifier 4 is connected with signal processor 5 second input interfaces; Signal processor 5 first output interfaces are connected with the input interface of controller 6, and the output interface of controller 6 is connected with the input interface of electric start derailing switch 8; The output interface of electric start derailing switch 8 is connected with the input interface of original automobile initiating means; Signal processor 5 second output interfaces are connected with the input interface of voice prompting device 7 and speed of a motor vehicle operating-controlling mechanism 9; The input interface of first power supply adaptor 10 is connected with the output port of vehicle-mounted 24V direct supply, and the output interface of first power supply adaptor 10 is in parallel with the power port of the first conditioning amplifier 3, the second conditioning amplifier 4, signal processor 5, controller 6, voice prompting device 7, electric start derailing switch 8 and speed of a motor vehicle operating-controlling mechanism 9; The anodal termination of the output interface of first power supply adaptor 10 also is connected with the anodal termination of passive infrared sensor 1; The negative pole of the negative pole termination of the output interface of first power supply adaptor 10 and passive infrared sensor 1, alcohol sensor 2 altogether; The input port of second source adapter 11 and signal processor 5+5V voltage output end mouth is connected, and the positive and negative electrode termination of the output interface of second source adapter 11 is connected negative earth with the positive and negative electrode termination of alcohol sensor 2 respectively.
As shown in Figure 2, described alcohol sensor 2, utility structure comprises: Pd-La
2O
3-SnO
2Quartz conductor is called for short tin ash quartz conductor 21, temperature booster 22, heating electrode 23, sensing high potential output termination 24, pedestal 25, metal case 26, corrosion-resistant steel guard 27.Wherein, the parts of core are end instr tin ash quartz conductor 21 and the temperature booster 22 that activates end instr.Temperature booster 22 is installed near tin ash quartz conductor 21, and the radiant heat energy of utilizing temperature booster 22 to be produced when energising heats tin ash quartz conductor 21; Tin ash quartz conductor 21 is fixing with pedestal 25 by two heating electrodes 23 by support, temperature booster 22; Sensing high potential output termination 24 is connected with extraneous by pedestal 25; Metal case 26 is made of one with corrosion-resistant steel guard 27 and covers on the pedestal 25; Alcohol steam can spread and be distributed in the end instr surface of tin ash quartz conductor 21 by corrosion-resistant steel guard 27.Tin ash quartz conductor 21 end insties must be under heated condition in the alcohol sensor 2, just can be activated, as long as have alcohol steam to be spread out over around the tin ash quartz conductor 21 this moment, tin ash quartz conductor 21 just produces the fuel effect, is connecting formation high potential output on the sensing high potential output termination 24 of tin ash quartz conductor 21.The equivalent circuit of alcohol sensor 2, as shown in Figure 3.Wherein, V
kHeater voltage signal for temperature booster 12; V
COperating voltage for tin ash quartz conductor 21; V is the alcohol sensing voltage of tin ash quartz conductor 21 outputs.
As shown in Figure 4, passive infrared sensor 1 is arranged at the operator's compartment top and faces the head of chaufeur in order to receive human body head to extraradial infrared ray.Can change the size of infrared ray receiving angle by the protruding sheet of optically focused (the protruding sheet of resin) of adjusting infrared pickoff 1 front end, be the protruding sheet of resin of conversion different focal, just can change that infrared pickoff 1 can sense from the infra-red range size of peripheral human body to its radiation.According to operator's compartment top height, control infrared ray receiving angle is advisable between 30～40 °.As shown in Figure 5, it is comparatively suitable that alcohol sensor 2 is arranged near the central area of bearing circle, promptly can best sense the position of the alcohol steam that the human body face give out towards driver face.Its advantage is:
(1) face of close chaufeur is easy to sense the gas that chaufeur is breathed out;
(2) I﹠M is convenient;
(3) simple and direct with the link path of signal processor 5 and electric start derailing switch 8.
The induction threshold value of 2 pairs of gaseous alcohol concentration of alcohol sensor can be determined by the gain amplifier and the signal processor 5 operational mathematics models of the second conditioning amplifier 4.
As shown in Figure 6, described electric start derailing switch 8 comprises: first grade of mechanical/electrical switch module 81; Second grade of alcohol sensing control switch module 82; Third gear engine start switch module 83.The class conversion of electric start derailing switch 8 is realized by the mechanical rotation of automobile starting key.Electric start derailing switch 8 each class function are: clockwise rotate first grade, the conducting of mechanical switch device provides working power to vehicle-mounted inspection control system equipment such as passive infrared sensor 1, the first conditioning amplifier 3, the second conditioning amplifier 4, signal processor 5, controller 6, voice prompting device 7, electric start derailing switches 8; Continue to clockwise rotate second grade, the main channel conducting of alcohol sensing control switch module 82; Third gear promptly enters the mode of operation of preparing start the engine.First grade of mechanical/electrical switch module 81 is original auto electric switch module with third gear engine starting electric switch module 83.Described second grade of alcohol sensing control switch module 82 is made of bidirectional thyristor; The source of bidirectional thyristor, leakage the two poles of the earth are serially connected with in the third gear engine starting loop, the control of bidirectional thyristor is connected with the output interface of controller 6 for extreme mouthful, when signal processor 5 judges that current operator's compartment is full of certain density alcohol steam, the output of controller 6 low levels, cause bidirectional thyristor to be in, forbid the automobile engine starting of third gear by (not conducting) state; Otherwise the output of controller 6 high level guarantees that bidirectional thyristor is in conducting state, and the automotive engine that can carry out third gear normally starts.
As shown in Figure 7, described speed of a motor vehicle operating-controlling mechanism 9 comprises: input interface 91, first D and A converter 92, power amplifier 93, electromagnetic valve 94 and electric brake push rod 95.Wherein, the input port of input interface 91 is connected with the output interface of signal processor 5, the output port of input interface 91 is connected with the input port of D and A converter 92, the output port of D and A converter 92 is connected with the input port of power amplifier 93, the output port of power amplifier 93 simultaneously with two end points of two end points of electromagnetic valve 94 coils and electric brake push rod 95 coils mutually and connect; Described electromagnetic valve 94 is by magnet coil 96, electromagnetic core 97, valve 98,90 5 parts of resistance spring 99 and valve body are formed, magnet coil 96 is enclosed within the outside of electromagnetic core 97, produce magnetic force by electromagnetic core 97 when magnet coil 96 is subjected to electricity valve 98 is produced magnetic attraction, along with the size variation that is added in magnet coil 96 two-end-point voltages, the magnetic attraction of electromagnetic core 97 produces corresponding variation simultaneously, the magnetic attraction of electromagnetic core 97 acts on valve 98, pulling valve 98 is to change the aperture of valve 98, resistance spring 99 is a kind of extension springs, valve 98 is in the pulling of electromagnetic core 97 magnetic attraction, resistance spring 99 is also stretched simultaneously, therefore produce one with the opposite elastic force of electromagnetic core 97 magnetic attraction, when electromagnetic core 97 magnetic attraction and resistance spring 99 elastic force reach balance, valve 98 just is stopped pulling, promptly stops at and be added in corresponding valve 98 apertures of magnet coil 96 two-end-point voltages; Described electric brake push rod 95, comprise: electric brake coil and electromagnetism push rod, the electric brake mounting coil is at an end of electromagnetism push rod, the other end of electromagnetism push rod is connected with footbrake bar thick stick mechanism, when the electric brake coil is subjected to electricity, the electromagnetic field that the electric brake coil is produced produces axial mechanical thrust to the push rod that is sleeved in the electric brake coil, this axial mechanical thrust acts on the doing on the force of electric pushrod of footbrake bar thick stick mechanism, plays with the same effect of footbrake making the vehicle self-actuating brake by bar thick stick mechanism.
When present embodiment was opened first gear switch when electric start derailing switch 8, vehicle-mounted inspection control system was initially located in mode of operation, and first power supply adaptor 10 is powered to relevant device; Then, when the electric start derailing switch is opened second gear switch, will be subjected to the control of alcohol transducing signal: so long as the drunken driving person, the instruction of apparatus system output will forbid that electric start derailing switch 8 can't make starter motor and auxiliary circuit thereof possess working power at the switch of third gear.
Meanwhile, if chaufeur looks for the people on behalf of blowing or stop off when substituting the corrupt practice of driving, present embodiment can not allow this type of corrupt practice succeed yet.Because, alcohol sensor 2 wherein is in the monitoring mode of operation all the time, behind the automobile starting, in a single day present embodiment continues to detect alcohol in the operator's compartment and still exceeds and appraise and decide threshold value, then signal processor 5 can be in real time to voice prompting device 7 and speed of a motor vehicle operating-controlling mechanism 9 sending controling instructions, under the effect of control command, warning drivers is forbidden driving and automatically vehicle is implemented to slow down until brake.
As shown in Figure 8, present embodiment also relates to the intelligent method that monitoring is driven when intoxicated, and comprises that step is as follows:
Step 1, initial work state, first power supply adaptor 10 is unlocked, and passive infrared sensor 1, the first conditioning amplifier 3, the first conditioning amplifier 4, signal processor 5, controller 6, voice prompting device 7, electric start derailing switch 8 etc. are in running order;
After the alcohol transducing signal that step 6,5 pairs of signal processors receive calculates, determine according to decision threshold whether the alcohol content of current detected person's emission gases " exceeds standard "; In this way, then generate parallel controller 6 and voice prompting device 7, the execution in step seven of exporting to of the 3rd control command; Otherwise signal processor 5 is at time-delay t
2After the time of=2s, system's execution in step nine;
The enforcement of present embodiment can be played the good result of forbidding drunken driving, and under the standard compliant situation of decision threshold, the rate of accuracy reached to 100% of apparatus system identification.
Claims (4)
1. intelligent apparatus that monitoring is driven when intoxicated, it is characterized in that, comprise: passive infrared sensor, alcohol sensor, the first conditioning amplifier, the second conditioning amplifier, signal processor, controller, the electric start derailing switch, voice prompting device, speed of a motor vehicle operating-controlling mechanism, first power supply adaptor, the second source adapter, the output interface of passive infrared sensor is connected with the input interface of the first conditioning amplifier, the output interface of the first conditioning amplifier is connected with signal processor first input interface, the output interface of alcohol sensor is connected with the input interface of the second conditioning amplifier, the output interface of the second conditioning amplifier is connected with signal processor second input interface, signal processor first output interface is connected with the input interface of controller, the output interface of controller is connected with the input interface of electric start derailing switch, signal processor second output interface is connected with the input interface of voice prompting device and speed of a motor vehicle operating-controlling mechanism respectively, the output interface of first power supply adaptor and the first conditioning amplifier, the second conditioning amplifier, signal processor, controller, voice prompting device, the electric start derailing switch, the power port parallel connection of speed of a motor vehicle operating-controlling mechanism, the anodal termination of the output interface of first power supply adaptor also is connected with the anodal termination of passive infrared sensor, the negative pole termination and the passive infrared sensor of the output interface of first power supply adaptor, the negative pole of alcohol sensor altogether, the input port of second source adapter is connected with signal processor voltage output end mouth, the output interface of second source adapter just, the negative pole termination respectively with alcohol sensor just, the negative pole termination connects, negative earth.
2. the intelligent apparatus that monitoring according to claim 1 is driven when intoxicated, it is characterized in that, described electric start derailing switch, comprise: first grade of mechanical/electrical switch module, second grade of alcohol sensing control switch module, third gear engine start switch module, second grade of alcohol sensing control switch module is made of bidirectional thyristor, the source of bidirectional thyristor, leakage the two poles of the earth are serially connected with in the third gear engine starting loop, and the control of bidirectional thyristor is connected with the output interface of controller for extreme mouthful;
When signal processor judged that current operator's compartment is full of alcohol steam, the output of controller low level caused bidirectional thyristor to be in by for not on-state, forbids the automobile engine starting of third gear;
Otherwise the output of controller high level guarantees that bidirectional thyristor is in conducting state, and the automotive engine that can carry out third gear normally starts.
3. the intelligent apparatus of driving when intoxicated according to claim 1 or 2 described monitoring, it is characterized in that, described electric start derailing switch class is: first grade, the conducting of mechanical switch device provides working power to vehicle-mounted inspection control system equipment such as passive infrared sensor, two conditioning amplifiers, signal processor, controller, voice prompting device, electric start derailing switches; Second grade, the main channel conducting of alcohol sensing control switch module; Third gear enters the mode of operation of preparing start the engine.
4. the intelligent method of a monitoring according to claim 1 intelligent apparatus of driving when intoxicated is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, initial work state, be that the electric start derailing switch is opened first grade, first power supply adaptor is unlocked, and infrared pickoff, two conditioning amplifiers, signal processor, controller, voice prompting device, electric start derailing switch, speed of a motor vehicle operating-controlling mechanism etc. are in running order;
Step 2, signal processor are confirmed according to the human body radiation infrared ray that infrared pickoff receives:
Someone operator seat of taking a seat then continues execution in step three;
Otherwise executive routine is in the step 2 mode of operation of monitoring human infrared radiation always;
Step 3, signal processor send first control command to the second source adapter, electronic switch in the control second source adapter is opened big electric current Fast Heating passage, makes the heater strip of alcohol sensor carry out Fast Heating to the alcohol end instr rapidly under the effect of big electric current;
The time-delay t in step 4, elapsed time
1Signal processor sends second control command to the second source adapter, turn-off the electronic switch on the big current channel, open little electric current simultaneously, it is the specified electronic switch of keeping on the heating current passage, make the heater strip of alcohol sensor under little electric current, continue the alcohol end instr is heated, and it is stable to keep operating ambient temperature, is the normal heating alcohol sensor;
Step 5, alcohol sensor begin differentiating attached to the gas componant around the end instr, if the gaseous alcohol concentration that is adsorbed surpasses sensitivity, then high potential output is arranged in its sensing high potential output termination, high potential to " " voltage signal that forms behind the second conditioning amplifier, be admitted to the second tunnel analog signal input channel of signal processor;
After step 6, signal processor calculate the alcohol transducing signal that receives, determine according to decision threshold whether the alcohol content of current detected person's emission gases " exceeds standard ":
In this way, then generate parallel controller and the voice prompting device, execution in step seven of exporting to of the 3rd control command;
Otherwise signal processor is at time-delay certain hour t
2After, system's execution in step nine;
Step 7, under the effect of the 3rd control command, controller is to second grade of alcohol sensing control switch module output low level control signal of electric start derailing switch, bidirectional thyristor is in off condition, the electric loop of starter motor is in off-state, be that electric start derailing switch second gear switch is by locking, driving engine can't start, and has forbidden drunken driving;
Simultaneously, voice prompting device carries out phonetic synthesis and warns to chaufeur by voice prompting device;
Step 8, signal processor are confirmed according to the human body radiation infrared ray that infrared pickoff receives: whether the person of drinking leaves operator seat:
If do not leave, the operation program of signal processor continues above-mentioned steps seven, till " drunk driving person " leaves operator's compartment;
Otherwise signal processor interrupts the output of the 3rd control command, i.e. the locking of electric start derailing switch second gear switch is disengaged, and the control voice prompting device stops to play " caution ", and system comes back to the initial work state;
Step 9, signal processor interrupt the output of the 3rd control command, the locking that is electric start derailing switch second gear switch is disengaged, the control voice prompting device stops to play " caution ", it is inferior that permission electric start derailing switch enters third gear, carry out the startup work of automotive engine, and continue the gas that the motorist distributed is tested;
If, this moment, the alcohol concentration that exists of the alcohol concentration in the operator's compartment exceeded the demarcation threshold value, and then signal processor sends the 4th control command to speed of a motor vehicle operating-controlling mechanism, under the effect of this control command, vehicle begins to cut out throttle, automatic deceleration until brake, gets back to the initial work state.
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