CN102989409A - Double-reaction-tube circulation bed device for heavy oil pyrolysis and gasification coupling - Google Patents
Double-reaction-tube circulation bed device for heavy oil pyrolysis and gasification coupling Download PDFInfo
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- CN102989409A CN102989409A CN2012103876494A CN201210387649A CN102989409A CN 102989409 A CN102989409 A CN 102989409A CN 2012103876494 A CN2012103876494 A CN 2012103876494A CN 201210387649 A CN201210387649 A CN 201210387649A CN 102989409 A CN102989409 A CN 102989409A
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Abstract
The invention provides a double-reaction-tube circulation bed device for heavy oil pyrolysis and gasification coupling. A downstream reaction tube is communicated with a lifting tube gasification reactor through a return feeder, a stripper and a flow regulator so as to form a circulation reaction system; efficient atomizing nozzles are arranged in symmetry at the upper part of the downstream reaction tube; a rapid gas-solid separator is installed at the lower part of the downstream reaction tube; a gas outlet of the rapid gas-solid separator is a pyrolysis gas outlet; a solid outlet of the rapid gas-solid separator is communicated with the stripper; an outlet of the stripper is communicated with the lower part of the lifting tube gasification reactor through the flow regulator; a steam inlet and an oxidizing agent inlet are formed at the lower part of the lifting tube gasification reactor; a synthesis gas separator is arranged at the upper part of the lifting tube gasification reactor; a solid outlet of the synthesis gas separator is communicated with the return feeder in inclination; an outlet of the return feeder is connected with the top part of the downstream reaction tube; and a gas outlet of the synthesis gas separator is connected with a synthesis gas outlet through a heat exchanger.
Description
1. technical field
The invention provides the double-reaction tube circulation fluidized bed device of Heavy Oil Thermal and gasification coupling, belong to the PETROLEUM PROCESSING field.
2. background technology
The heavy oil lighting is one of important topic of world PETROLEUM PROCESSING.Residual oil content is high in the most of crude oil of China, and light oil content is low, and the introduction of the in recent years continuous growth of some mink cell focuses (viscous crude) output and the external heavy crude of part makes heavy oil lighting problem more outstanding in addition.The processing of heavy oil method often has the methods such as catalytic cracking, solvent deasphalting, visbreaking, coking, thermal cracking, heavy-oil hydrogenation, generally speaking, nothing more than hydrogenation and decarburization two large classes, wherein heavy oil decarburization processing is the major way of current petroleum refining, and the reasonable utilization of deviating from carbon does not obtain fine solution always.In heavy oil solid phase carrier circulation cracking technology, mainly contain heavy oil catalytic pyrolysis, flexicoking, fluid coking, heavy oil fluidized upgrading etc.Heavy oil catalytic pyrolysis is except the purpose product that obtains (petrol and diesel oil and alkene industrial chemicals), the carbon residue that the removes heat release of in regenerator, burning, part heatable catalyst is as the thermal source of cracking, a part is sent outside with heat collector heat-obtaining generation steam or is generated electricity, low about 500 ℃-650 ℃ of reaction temperatures, higher to the heavy oil ingredient requirement, do not reach fully effectively utilizing petroleum resources; Low about 450 ℃-600 ℃ of flexicoking and fluid coking reaction temperature, it mainly is the wax tailings of producing coker gasoline, diesel oil and being used as fcc raw material, char combustion partly circulates and produces synthesis gas as heat carrier, partial gasification, but pyrolysis time is long, and yield of light oil is lower; Heavy oil fluidized upgrading (such as the ART technique of Engelhardt moral exploitation, the HCC technique of Luoyang Petrochemical designing institute etc.) adopts the circulating fluidized bed technique similar to heavy oil catalytic cracking process, about 400 ℃-600 ℃ of reaction temperature, pyrolysis time is short, yield of light oil is higher, but the carbon residue that removes is not utilized effectively always.
Because national requirements for environmental protection is more and more higher, petroleum refining enterprise needs again a large amount of hydrogen that light-end products are carried out hydrofinishing to satisfy qualified vehicle fuel with production in addition, but each Petrochemical Enterprises lacks a large amount of cheap sources of hydrogen at present.
How to develop most economical, the technology and equipment of cleaning, the most reasonable and good heavy oil of maximum using, realize without scorification, will become the China's oil worker and compel key subjects to be solved.
3. summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the double-reaction tube circulation fluidized bed device of a kind of Heavy Oil Thermal and gasification coupling for the deficiency that overcomes existing processing of heavy oil device existence, form circulating system by descending reaction tube and the coupling of riser gasification reactor, descending reaction tube pyrolysis heavy oil is produced light oil or alkene, the synthesis gas hydrogen making is produced in the gasification of riser gasification reactor, utilize the steam gasification heat absorption to solve the superfluous difficult problem of heat of burnt regeneration, can produce light oil or alkene, can obtain again a large amount of cheap hydrogen resources, realize that the low reserve of processing of heavy oil is efficiently without scorification.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
The double-reaction tube circulation fluidized bed device of Heavy Oil Thermal and gasification coupling, formed by synthesis gas separator, material returning device, high-efficiency atomizing nozzle, descending reaction tube, gas-solid quick disconnector, pyrolysis gas outlet, stripper, flow regulator, steam inlet, oxidant inlet, riser gasification reactor, heat exchanger, syngas outlet, it is characterized in that descending reaction tube is communicated with circular response system of composition by material returning device, stripper and flow regulator with the riser gasification reactor; Descending reaction tube top is provided with symmetrical high-efficiency atomizing nozzle, the gas-solid quick disconnector is equipped with in the bottom, gas-solid quick disconnector gas vent is pyrolysis gas outlet, gas-solid quick disconnector solid outlet passes into stripper, and the stripper outlet is communicated with riser gasification reactor bottom by flow regulator; Riser gasification reactor bottom is provided with steam inlet and oxidant inlet, top is provided with the synthesis gas separator, pass into material returning device under synthesis gas separator solid outlet is oblique, the material returning device outlet connects descending reaction tube top, and the outlet of synthesis gas separator gas links to each other with syngas outlet by heat exchanger.
The mid point of descending reaction tube and riser gasification reactor is at the same level face, and its diameter ratio is 1: 1～2.5, and riser gasification reactor length is 15-30m, and descending reaction tube is than the short 3-15m of riser gasification reactor.
Material returning device is a kind of in the on-mechanical valves such as L-type material returning device, U-shaped material returning device, J type material returning device and N-type material returning device, and optimal selection is U-shaped material returning device.
Gas-solid quick disconnector and synthesis gas separator are a kind of in vertical cyclone separator, horizontal cyclone separator, the inertia separator, and optimal selection is horizontal cyclone separator.
Flow regulator is a kind of in the on-mechanical valves such as L-type material returning device, U-shaped material returning device, J type material returning device and N-type material returning device and the mechanical valve such as hydraulic pressure slip plug valve, electronic slip plug valve, and optimal selection is U-shaped material returning device.
The present invention is described in detail characteristics of the present invention with embodiment.
4. description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is structural representation of the present invention.The drawing of accompanying drawing is established bright as follows:
1. synthesis gas separator, 2. material returning device, 3. high-efficiency atomizing nozzle, 4. descending reaction tube, 5. gas-solid quick disconnector, 6. pyrolysis gas outlet, 7. flow regulator, 8. steam inlet, 9. oxidant inlet, 10. riser gasification reactor, 11. heat exchangers, 12. syngas outlet, 13. strippers.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples in detail process characteristic of the present invention is described in detail.
5. the specific embodiment
Embodiment, the double-reaction tube circulation fluidized bed device of Heavy Oil Thermal and gasification coupling, by synthesis gas separator (1), material returning device (2), high-efficiency atomizing nozzle (3), descending reaction tube (4), gas-solid quick disconnector (5), pyrolysis gas outlet (6), stripper (13), flow regulator (7), steam inlet (8), oxidant inlet (9), riser gasification reactor (10), heat exchanger (11), syngas outlet (12) forms, and descending reaction tube (4) is by material returning device (2), stripper (13) and flow regulator (7) are communicated with riser gasification reactor (10) and form a circular response system; Descending reaction tube (4) top is provided with symmetrical high-efficiency atomizing nozzle (3), gas-solid quick disconnector (5) is equipped with in the bottom, gas-solid quick disconnector (5) gas vent is pyrolysis gas outlet (6), gas-solid quick disconnector (5) solid outlet passes into stripper (13), and stripper (13) outlet is communicated with riser gasification reactor (10) bottom by flow regulator (7); Riser gasification reactor (10) bottom is provided with steam inlet (8) and oxidant inlet (9), top is provided with synthesis gas separator (1), pass into material returning device (2) under synthesis gas separator (1) solid outlet is oblique, material returning device (2) outlet connects descending reaction tube (4) top, and synthesis gas separator (1) gas vent links to each other with syngas outlet (12) by heat exchanger (11).
The mid point of descending reaction tube (4) and riser gasification reactor (10) is at the same level face, its diameter ratio is 1: 1～2.5, riser gasification reactor (10) length is 15-30m, and descending reaction tube (4) is than the short 3-15m of riser gasification reactor (10).
Material returning device (2) is a kind of in the on-mechanical valves such as L-type material returning device, U-shaped material returning device, J type material returning device and N-type material returning device, and optimal selection is U-shaped material returning device.
Gas-solid quick disconnector (5) and synthesis gas separator (1) are a kind of in vertical cyclone separator, horizontal cyclone separator, the inertia separator, and optimal selection is horizontal cyclone separator.
Flow regulator (7) is a kind of in the mechanical valve such as the on-mechanical valves such as L-type material returning device, U-shaped material returning device, J type material returning device and N-type material returning device and hydraulic pressure slip plug valve, electronic slip plug valve, and optimal selection is U-shaped material returning device.
During concrete operation, high-efficiency atomizing nozzle (3) will be preheating to 180 ℃-350 ℃ heavy oil and spray into descending reaction tube (4) top from descending reaction tube (4) charging aperture, mist of oil mixes heating, vaporization and pyrolysis with 800 ℃ that flow down from material returning device (2)-1100 ℃ of high-temp solid carriers; The downward high speed following current of solid carrier is carried out gas solid separation to the gas-solid quick disconnector (5) of descending reaction tube (4) bottom after oil gas and the coking; Oil gas advances fractionating column from pyrolysis gas outlet (6) to be separated, and slurry oil returns heavy oil and recycles, and other are as output of products; Enter riser gasification reactor (10) bottom and the oxygen and the steam generation gasification reaction that enter from vapour inlet (8) and oxidant inlet (9) by flow controller (7) behind the solid carrier stripping after the coking, after 850 ℃-1200 ℃ of the reaction temperatures, the synthesis gas separator (1) that the synthesis gas of generation and high-temp solid carrier upwards flow at a high speed riser gasification reactor (10) top carries out gas solid separation; The high-temp solid carrier that separates flows into material returning device (2) to be continued to recycle as the Heavy Oil Thermal thermal source, synthesis gas through heat exchanger (11) heat exchange after from syngas outlet (12) as output of products, realize that heavy oil processes without scorification.
Oxidant can be selected in oxygen, oxygen-enriched air and the air a kind of.
The double-reaction tube circulation fluidized bed device of Heavy Oil Thermal provided by the present invention and gasification coupling, form circulating system by descending reaction tube and the coupling of riser gasification reactor, descending reaction tube pyrolysis heavy oil is produced light oil or alkene, the synthesis gas hydrogen making is produced in the gasification of riser gasification reactor, utilize the steam gasification heat absorption to solve the superfluous difficult problem of heat of burnt regeneration, can improve light oil or olefin yields 5% one 30%, can obtain again a large amount of cheap hydrogen resources (cost is about 50%), realize that the low reserve of processing of heavy oil is efficiently without scorification.
Claims (5)
1. the double-reaction tube circulation fluidized bed device of Heavy Oil Thermal and gasification coupling, formed by synthesis gas separator, material returning device, high-efficiency atomizing nozzle, descending reaction tube, gas-solid quick disconnector, pyrolysis gas outlet, stripper, flow regulator, steam inlet, oxidant inlet, riser gasification reactor, heat exchanger, syngas outlet, it is characterized in that descending reaction tube is communicated with circular response system of composition by material returning device, stripper and flow regulator with the riser gasification reactor; Descending reaction tube top is provided with symmetrical high-efficiency atomizing nozzle, the gas-solid quick disconnector is equipped with in the bottom, gas-solid quick disconnector gas vent is pyrolysis gas outlet, gas-solid quick disconnector solid outlet passes into stripper, and the stripper outlet is communicated with riser gasification reactor bottom by flow regulator; Riser gasification reactor bottom is provided with steam inlet and oxidant inlet, top is provided with the synthesis gas separator, pass into material returning device under synthesis gas separator solid outlet is oblique, the material returning device outlet connects descending reaction tube top, and the outlet of synthesis gas separator gas links to each other with syngas outlet by heat exchanger.
2. carry according to claim 1 the Heavy Oil Thermal stated and the double-reaction tube circulation fluidized bed device of gasification coupling, it is characterized in that the mid point of descending reaction tube and riser gasification reactor is at the same level face, its diameter ratio is 1: 1～2.5, riser gasification reactor length is 15-30m, and descending reaction tube is than the short 3-15m of riser gasification reactor.
3. carry according to claim 1 the Heavy Oil Thermal stated and the double-reaction tube circulation fluidized bed device of gasification coupling, it is characterized in that material returning device is a kind of in the on-mechanical valves such as L-type material returning device, U-shaped material returning device, J type material returning device and N-type material returning device, optimal selection is U-shaped material returning device.
4. carry according to claim 1 the Heavy Oil Thermal stated and the double-reaction tube circulation fluidized bed device of gasification coupling, it is characterized in that gas-solid quick disconnector and synthesis gas separator are a kind of in vertical cyclone separator, horizontal cyclone separator, the inertia separator, optimal selection is horizontal cyclone separator.
5. carry according to claim 1 the Heavy Oil Thermal stated and the double-reaction tube circulation fluidized bed device of gasification coupling, it is characterized in that flow regulator is a kind of in the mechanical valve such as the on-mechanical valves such as L-type material returning device, U-shaped material returning device, J type material returning device and N-type material returning device and hydraulic pressure slip plug valve, electronic slip plug valve, optimal selection is U-shaped material returning device.
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| CN2012103876494A CN102989409A (en) | 2012-10-11 | 2012-10-11 | Double-reaction-tube circulation bed device for heavy oil pyrolysis and gasification coupling |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108315045A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-07-24 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Heavy oil double-reaction tube circulation fluidized bed millisecond is pyrolyzed and gasification coupling device |
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| US4359326A (en) * | 1979-04-26 | 1982-11-16 | Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. | Fluidized bed reactor apparatus and related gasification system |
| US4695370A (en) * | 1984-08-02 | 1987-09-22 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Process and apparatus for fluid bed catalytic cracking |
| JP2000109859A (en) * | 1998-10-07 | 2000-04-18 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Process and device for converting coal into fuel for generating unit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108315045A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-07-24 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Heavy oil double-reaction tube circulation fluidized bed millisecond is pyrolyzed and gasification coupling device |
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Application publication date: 20130327 |