CN102983774B - Liquid phase pulse discharge system based on multi-way switch delay output - Google Patents
Liquid phase pulse discharge system based on multi-way switch delay output Download PDFInfo
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- CN102983774B CN102983774B CN201210549544.4A CN201210549544A CN102983774B CN 102983774 B CN102983774 B CN 102983774B CN 201210549544 A CN201210549544 A CN 201210549544A CN 102983774 B CN102983774 B CN 102983774B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
- H03K3/53—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback
- H03K3/57—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback the switching device being a semiconductor device
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Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid phase pulse discharge system based on the multi-way switch delay output. The system comprises a driving unit, and a main loop unit consisting of n-stage discharge loops, wherein the driving unit is used for successive delay output of discharge control signals to the discharge loops respectively; the discharge loops are used for storing electric energy and performing pulse discharge on load according to the discharge control signals. The system generates trigger pulse strings at a certain time interval through a time-sequential pulse generator; phase differences exist among pulse sound waves generated by the discharge loops due to the time interval; the pulse sound waves with different phase differences are superimposed together; pulse width extension can be realized; and the width and the amplitude of the superimposed sound pulses can be adjusted by the adjustment of the phase differences. A frequency and amplitude adjustable sound pulse generating technology has a significant application prospect in the fields of marine high-resolution seismic explorations and underwater acoustics.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of pulse power, be specifically related to a kind of pulsed-liquid phase discharge system exported based on variable connector time delay.
Background technology
Pulsed-liquid phase discharge high-voltage pulse is loaded into the technology electrode load in liquid producing electric arc or corona discharge.System Working Principle adopts capacitance energy storage, released energy by triggering discharges switching moments, realizes the output of high power electrical pulse thus realize carrying out plasma discharge in water body.First system converts industrial-frequency alternating current to medium-high frequency alternating current, form high voltage direct current output by transformer boost and silicon stack rectification again to charge to storage capacitor, after charging complete, controlled to trigger high-power semiconductor switch conducting by control circuit, storage capacitor is discharged to load by transmission line.Discharge process can produce blast effect, and be otherwise known as " electrohydraulic effect ".The generation of pulsed sound is the strong pumping processes that the HTHP producing plasma channel (region) due to the pulsed discharge of liquid mesohigh causes bubble.When plasma generates, walls outwards expands because of internal high temperature high pressure, overcomes the external force such as hydrostatic, surface tension, viscous force and does work to surrounding water.Along with bubble internal plasma is extinguished gradually, internal temperature starts to decline, internal pressure also declines thereupon, the outside movement velocity of walls diminishes, until speed is zero, now bubble internal pressure is much smaller than hydrostatic, bubble starts to shrink, in contraction process, internal pressure becomes large again, namely forms gas bubble pulsation and so forth.During initial the and collapse of air bubble expansion, internal pressure very greatly, generation be pressure wave; And bubble radius larger time, internal pressure is less than hydrostatic, and what now produce is rarefaction wave, and rarefaction wave has concentrated the acoustic energy of low frequency part.Gas bubble pulsation process has periodically, the energy that pulsation number of times and cycle size are had by bubble itself and hydrostatic conditional decision.Energy is greatly then pulsed often, and the cycle is long; Hydrostatic number of times of greatly then pulsing is few, and the cycle is short.
At present, the fields such as ocean high-resolution subbottom survey, underwater sound research have been applied to based on the plasma focus of pulsed-liquid phase discharge technological development or pulse sound source.Especially ocean high-resolution subbottom survey field, France SIG, Holland GEO-Resource, the companies such as Britain AppliedAcoustic develop many moneys product, and the product of China's independent development also achieves engineer applied in multiple large project construction such as the multiple site of nuclear power plant addressing of country, bridge spanning the sea and seabed tunnel geological prospecting investigation.Developed and the pulsed-liquid phase discharge circuit applied as shown in Figure 1, mainly comprise storage capacitor, fly-wheel diode, semiconductor switch pipe and transmission line.This circuit generally adopts the method for one-way switch or variable connector synchronism output, if major loop parameter is fixed, namely under the condition that storage capacitor capacitance, charging voltage and load are certain, output pulse width cannot regulate, and the pulsed sound frequency characteristic that electric discharge produces also cannot regulate.
For high resolution marine seismic detection, when running into water depth ratio waters faster, when especially changing from shallow water to deep water, need the ping dominant frequency reducing the generation of plasma focus according to the depth of water in time.In general, stratum is 0.2dB/ wavelength to the absorbing rule of sound wave, therefore reduces dominant frequency and can improve stratum penetration depth.At present, one-way switch export or variable connector synchronism output system in, the method of regulating impulse frequency of sound wave has: French SIG company adopts control capacittance capacitance and changes the method for load, but the former easy ablation relay switch, the latter needs to stop operation, change load, complicated operation is loaded down with trivial details; Geo-Resource company of Holland adopts the method for control capacittance charging voltage, but this method cannot change power supply output pulse width, and ping frequency change is very little.Therefore above-mentioned existing technical method is all difficult to realize carrying out quick amplitude modulation to ping and adjusts wide, thus changes its frequency characteristic.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned technological deficiency existing for prior art, the invention discloses a kind of pulsed-liquid phase discharge system exported based on variable connector time delay, multiplex pulse time delay can be realized and export, make the output pulse width after stack combinations adjustable.
Based on variable connector time delay export a pulsed-liquid phase discharge system, comprising: the main loop unit be made up of n level discharge loop and driver element, n be greater than 1 natural number;
Described driver element is used for discharge loop at different levels successively time delay output discharge control signal;
Described discharge loop is used for storage of electrical energy and carries out pulsed discharge according to discharge control signal to load.
Export for positive pulse, described discharge loop is made up of two isolating diode D1 ~ D2, a storage capacitor, a fly-wheel diode, semiconductor switch and a pulse transmission line; Wherein, one end of storage capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of fly-wheel diode with the negative electrode of isolating diode D1, the anode of semiconductor switch, the negative electrode of semiconductor switch is connected with pulse transmission line inner wire, pulse transmission line outer conductor is connected with the anode of isolating diode D2 with the other end of storage capacitor, the anode of fly-wheel diode, the discharge control signal described in gate pole reception of semiconductor switch.
Export for negative pulse, described discharge loop is made up of two isolating diode D1 ~ D2, a storage capacitor, a fly-wheel diode, semiconductor switch and a pulse transmission line; Wherein, one end of storage capacitor is connected with the anode of fly-wheel diode with the anode of isolating diode D2, the negative electrode of semiconductor switch, the anode of semiconductor switch is connected with pulse transmission line inner wire, pulse transmission line outer conductor is connected with the negative electrode of isolating diode D1 with the other end of storage capacitor, the negative electrode of fly-wheel diode, the discharge control signal described in gate pole reception of semiconductor switch.
Load DC power supply between the anode of isolating diode D1 and the negative electrode two ends of isolating diode D2, described DC power supply is used for being charged to storage capacitor by isolating diode.
Described isolating diode is made up of a diode or by multiple Diode series or compose in parallel; The effect of two isolating diodes isolates each discharge loop at discharge regime, when avoiding multi-channel time-delay electric discharge to produce, the phenomenon that high-voltage energy storage capacitor is charged to low pressure storage capacitor by charge circuit, ensure the abundant release of energy, also solve electric current that storage capacitor causes altogether simultaneously and to rise the too fast and problem of breakdown voltage semiconductor switch.
Described storage capacitor is made up of an electric capacity or by multiple capacitances in series or compose in parallel.
Described fly-wheel diode is formed by a diode or is made up of multiple Diode series; The effect of current oscillation in discharge loop can be eliminated.
Described semiconductor switch is made up of a power semiconductor switch or is composed in series by multiple power semiconductor switch; Described power semiconductor switch adopts triode thyristor, IGCT (integrated gate commutated thyristor) or RSD (phase-veversal switch transistor) etc.
Described pulse transmission line adopts high-pressure coaxial cable or other high-voltage cables, its another terminating load.
Described driver element comprises time series pulse signals generator, photoelectric isolating circuit and signal amplification circuit; Wherein:
Described time series pulse signals generator is used for successively time delay and generates n group pulse triggering signal;
Pulse triggering signal described in described signal amplification circuit is used for being received by photoelectric isolating circuit, and carry out exporting discharge control signal after amplifications is boosted to this signal.
Described time series pulse signals generator is built by crystal oscillating circuit, direct current regulation circuit, single-chip microcomputer and negative circuit; Wherein:
Described crystal oscillating circuit is used for providing clock signal for single-chip microcomputer, described direct current regulation circuit is used for providing operating voltage for single-chip microcomputer, described single-chip microcomputer is for exporting n group pulse triggering signal, and described negative circuit is used for pulse triggering signal high level to trigger to be converted to low level triggering.
Operation principle of the present invention is: high voltage direct current is charged by the storage capacitor of isolating diode to discharge loop at different levels, now fly-wheel diode is in back-pressure state, after charging complete, time series pulse signals generator produces the multiple pulse triggering signals having certain hour interval, input pulse transformer after Phototube Coupling and signal amplify, triggers the semiconductor switch of each discharge loop.After switch conduction, the pulse high current on each road is loaded in corresponding load by pulse transmission line.Semiconductor switch due to each road discharge loop is not synchronous conducting, the time difference of conducting is the time interval of time sequential pulse triggering signal, therefore the pressure drop of storage capacitor can be variant, now the pulse high current of each discharge loop is isolated by the isolating diode at storage capacitor two ends, the phenomenon avoiding the high-voltage capacitance in certain primary Ioops to charge to the low-voltage capacitance in another loop on the one hand, the electric current avoiding storage capacitor to cause altogether the on the other hand rising problem of breakdown voltage semiconductor switch too soon.
What electricity generation system of the present invention discharged generation at every turn is the pulse train that n pulse high current forms; Due to storage capacitor two ends fly-wheel diode in parallel, therefore each pulse is pulse, there is not current oscillation.
The process that each discharge loop produces pulse is as follows: if load is comparatively large, when loop is in overdamp or critical damping, fly-wheel diode is in back-pressure state always, not conducting; If load is less, when loop is in underdamping state, storage capacitor both end voltage reaches zero point prior to electric current, now fly-wheel diode forward conduction, high-power semiconductor switch does not turn off, and both and pulse transmission line form continuous current circuit, and the electric current in loop is maintained by stray inductance energy storage.When electric current is less than semiconductor switch maintenance electric current (tens milliamperes), switch disconnects; This shutoff is soft switching, little to the loss of device; At the end of the electric discharge all of each road, the single step of releasing electric process of system just completes.
The present invention produces the trigger impulse string having certain hour interval by sequence timer, trigger multichannel discharge loop composition discharge system, each discharge loop discharges to single load, independently produces pulsed sound; Due to life period interval, between the pulsed sound that each discharge loop produces, there is phase difference.The pulsed sound of out of phase is superimposed, and can realize pulsewidth and extend, and regulates width and the amplitude of the rear ping of combination by control phase difference.Laser-induced liquid breakdown is wider, and amplitude is less, and low frequency energy is abundanter, and instead then amplitude is larger, and high-frequency energy is abundanter.
The ping generation technique of this Frequency Adjustable amplitude modulation has important application prospect in high resolution marine seismic field of detecting and marine acoustics field; Especially high resolution marine seismic field of detecting, the job requirements under different water depth condition is adapted to by adjustment laser-induced liquid breakdown, and do not need interruption operation process, without the need to changing major loop electric parameter or changing load, be therefore particularly suitable for continental slope extends seismic survey operation from process to trench.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing pulsed-liquid phase discharge system.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that pulsed-liquid phase discharge system positive pulse of the present invention exports.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of time series pulse signals generator.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of photoelectric isolating circuit and signal amplification circuit.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation that pulsed-liquid phase discharge system negative pulse of the present invention exports.
Fig. 6 (a) and (b) for time delay interval be the current waveform that exports of 100 μ s systems and acoustic waveform spectrogram.
Fig. 7 (a) and (b) for time delay interval be the current waveform that exports of 200 μ s systems and acoustic waveform spectrogram.
Embodiment
In order to more specifically describe the present invention, below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention and related work principle thereof are described in detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of pulsed-liquid phase discharge system exported based on variable connector time delay positive polarity, comprises the main loop unit and driver element that are made up of three grades of discharge loops; Wherein:
Discharge loop is used for storage of electrical energy and the discharge control signal provided according to driver element carries out pulsed discharge to load and is positive pulse output; It is made up of two isolating diode D1 ~ D2, a storage capacitor C, a sustained diode T, semiconductor switch GT and a pulse transmission line L; Wherein: one end of storage capacitor C is connected with the negative electrode of sustained diode T with the negative electrode of isolating diode D1, the anode of semiconductor switch GT, the negative electrode of semiconductor switch GT is connected with pulse transmission line L inner wire, pulse transmission line L outer conductor is connected with the anode of isolating diode D2 with the other end of storage capacitor C, the anode of sustained diode T, the gate pole of semiconductor switch GT receives discharge control signal, another terminating load of pulse transmission line L; Load DC power supply between the anode of isolating diode D1 and the negative electrode two ends of isolating diode D2, DC power supply is charged to storage capacitor C by isolating diode.
In present embodiment, storage capacitor adopts the CBB solid capacitor of epoxy encapsulation, and each capacitor's capacity is 30 μ F, nominal charging voltage 10kV, and during work, maximum charging voltage is 5600V; Isolating diode adopts the fast recovery diode of 4 withstand voltage 1600V to be composed in series; Semiconductor switch adopts forward and reverse withstand voltage pie thyristor being 6500V; Fly-wheel diode adopts two reverse withstand voltage pie Diode series for 4500V to form; Pulse transmission line adopts internal and external conductor to be the coaxial transmission line of 200 bursts of diameter 0.3mm enamel covered wires formations.
Driver element is used for discharge loop at different levels successively time delay output discharge control signal, and it comprises time series pulse signals generator, photoelectric isolating circuit and signal amplification circuit; Wherein:
Time series pulse signals generator is used for successively time delay and generates one group of trigger impulse string be made up of 3 pulse triggering signals with certain time-delay interval, and time delay interval is that 5 μ s to 200 μ s are adjustable; In present embodiment, time series pulse signals generator is built by crystal oscillating circuit, direct current regulation circuit, single-chip microcomputer and negative circuit; Crystal oscillating circuit, direct current regulation circuit are all connected with single-chip microcomputer with negative circuit.
As shown in Figure 3, crystal oscillating circuit is used for providing clock signal for single-chip microcomputer, and it adopts the vertical crystal oscillator of 12MHz (being built by two electric capacity CR1 ~ CR2 and quartz oscillator Z); Direct current regulation circuit is used for providing operating voltage for single-chip microcomputer, and it adopts LM2576T voltage stabilizing chip (being built by two adjustable resistance R4 ~ R5), and adjustable resistance is used for the time interval of regulating impulse triggering signal; Single-chip microcomputer is for exporting n group pulse triggering signal, and it adopts 96 serial model No.s to be 16 single-chip microcomputers of Intel87C196KC; Negative circuit is used for pulse triggering signal high level to trigger to be converted to low level triggering, and it adopts 74LS06 hex inverter (being built by three resistance R1 ~ R3 and three inverter INV1 ~ INV3).
Signal amplification circuit is used for by photoelectric isolating circuit received pulse triggering signal, and exports discharge control signal after carrying out amplification boosting to this signal; In present embodiment, photoelectric isolating circuit and signal amplification circuit are as shown in Figure 4, photoelectric isolating circuit is made up of three optocoupler G1 ~ G3 and three current-limiting resistance RS1 ~ RS3, and optocoupler input anode connects 5V voltage by current-limiting resistance, negative electrode received pulse triggering signal; Signal amplification circuit is built by three triode T1 ~ T3, six current-limiting resistance RS4 ~ RS9, three earth resistance RS10 ~ RS12 and three pulse transformer Y1 ~ Y3; Pulse transformer two outputs are connected with negative electrode with the gate pole of semiconductor switch in corresponding discharge loop; Pulse transformer adopts the pulse transformer of KCB series (the cubic electronics of new wound), and no-load voltage ratio is 2: 1.
In present embodiment, three grades of discharge loops share a DC power supply, DC power supply is charged to storage capacitor by isolating diode, now fly-wheel diode is in back-pressure state, after charging complete, time series pulse signals generator produces the trigger impulse string be made up of three pulse triggering signals at certain hour interval, and input pulse transformer after Phototube Coupling and signal amplify, triggers the thyristor on each road.After turn on thyristors, the pulse high current on each road is loaded into independently load by pulse transmission line.Burst transmissions line length is 80 meters, and inductance value is about 80 μ about H; Load adopts the transmitting battle array of 100 sparking electrode compositions, be that in the salt solution of 53mS/cm, load is about 0.5 Ω in salinity, now each road discharge loop is all in underdamping state, when storage capacitor both end voltage reaches zero point prior to electric current, fly-wheel diode forward conduction, thyristor does not turn off, and both and pulse transmission line form continuous current circuit, and the electric current in loop is maintained by the energy storage of transmission line stray inductance; When electric current is less than maintenance electric current (tens milliamperes) of thyristor, thyristor soft switching; At the end of the electric discharge all of each road, the single step of releasing electric process of system just completes.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 5, a kind of pulsed-liquid phase discharge system exported based on variable connector time delay positive polarity, comprises the main loop unit and a driver element that are made up of three grades of discharge loops; Wherein:
Discharge loop is used for storage of electrical energy and the discharge control signal provided according to driver element carries out pulsed discharge to load and is negative pulse output; It is made up of two isolating diode D1 ~ D2, a storage capacitor C, a sustained diode T, semiconductor switch GT and a pulse transmission line L; Wherein: one end of storage capacitor C is connected with the anode of sustained diode T with the anode of isolating diode D2, the negative electrode of semiconductor switch GT, the anode of semiconductor switch GT is connected with pulse transmission line L inner wire, pulse transmission line L outer conductor is connected with the negative electrode of isolating diode D1 with the other end of storage capacitor C, the negative electrode of sustained diode T, the gate pole of semiconductor switch GT receives discharge control signal, another terminating load of pulse transmission line L; Load DC power supply between the anode of isolating diode D1 and the negative electrode two ends of isolating diode D2, DC power supply is charged to storage capacitor C by isolating diode.
In present embodiment, the composition of driver element and the operation principle of system are all identical with embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 is that the present embodiment 1 obtains current output waveform and acoustic waveform and result of spectrum analysis when capacitor charging voltage is 2500V, wherein Fig. 6 is the result that each road discharge lag of system is spaced apart 100 μ s, Fig. 7 is the result that each road discharge lag of system is spaced apart 200 μ s, comparison diagram 6 and Fig. 7 known, along with the discharge lag interval on each road is elongated, sound wave pulsewidth broadens, amplitude diminishes, radio-frequency component energy is pressed, the quantitative change of low-frequency component energy is enriched, the provable discharge lag interval by each road of regulating system can adjust the sound pulsewidth of output thus, amplitude and spectral characteristic.
Claims (1)
1. based on variable connector time delay export a pulsed-liquid phase discharge system, it is characterized in that, comprising: the main loop unit be made up of n level discharge loop and driver element, n be greater than 1 natural number;
Described driver element is used for discharge loop at different levels successively time delay output discharge control signal;
Described discharge loop is used for storage of electrical energy and carries out pulsed discharge according to discharge control signal to load;
Export for positive pulse, described discharge loop is made up of two isolating diode D1 ~ D2, storage capacitor C1, fly-wheel diode T1, semiconductor switch G1 and pulse transmission line L1; Wherein, one end of storage capacitor C1 is connected with the negative electrode of fly-wheel diode T1 with the anode of the negative electrode of isolating diode D1, semiconductor switch G1, the negative electrode of semiconductor switch G1 is connected with the inner wire of pulse transmission line L1 one end, the outer conductor of pulse transmission line L1 one end is connected with the anode of isolating diode D2 with the anode of the other end of storage capacitor C1, fly-wheel diode T1, the discharge control signal described in gate pole reception of semiconductor switch G1; Another terminating load of pulse transmission line L1; Load DC power supply between the anode of isolating diode D1 and the negative electrode two ends of isolating diode D2, DC power supply is charged to storage capacitor C1 by isolating diode D1 and D2;
Export for negative pulse, described discharge loop is made up of two isolating diode D3 ~ D4, storage capacitor C2, fly-wheel diode T2, semiconductor switch G2 and pulse transmission line L2; Wherein, one end of storage capacitor C2 is connected with the anode of fly-wheel diode T2 with the negative electrode of the anode of isolating diode D4, semiconductor switch G2, the anode of semiconductor switch G2 is connected with the inner wire of pulse transmission line L2 one end, the outer conductor of pulse transmission line L2 one end is connected with the negative electrode of isolating diode D3 with the negative electrode of the other end of storage capacitor C2, fly-wheel diode T2, the discharge control signal described in gate pole reception of semiconductor switch G2; Another terminating load of pulse transmission line L2; Load DC power supply between the anode of isolating diode D3 and the negative electrode two ends of isolating diode D4, DC power supply is charged to storage capacitor C2 by isolating diode D3 and D4;
Described driver element comprises time series pulse signals generator, photoelectric isolating circuit and signal amplification circuit; Wherein:
Described time series pulse signals generator is used for successively time delay and generates n group pulse triggering signal; It is built by crystal oscillating circuit, direct current regulation circuit, single-chip microcomputer and negative circuit; Described crystal oscillating circuit is used for providing clock signal for single-chip microcomputer, described direct current regulation circuit is used for providing operating voltage for single-chip microcomputer, described single-chip microcomputer is for exporting n group pulse triggering signal, and described negative circuit is used for pulse triggering signal high level to trigger to be converted to low level triggering;
Pulse triggering signal described in described signal amplification circuit is used for being received by photoelectric isolating circuit, and carry out exporting discharge control signal after amplifications is boosted to this signal.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210549544.4A CN102983774B (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2012-12-17 | Liquid phase pulse discharge system based on multi-way switch delay output |
| PCT/CN2013/087375 WO2014094515A1 (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2013-11-19 | Discharge system for liquid phase pulses output in time-delay manner based on multiple switches |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210549544.4A CN102983774B (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2012-12-17 | Liquid phase pulse discharge system based on multi-way switch delay output |
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| CN102983774A CN102983774A (en) | 2013-03-20 |
| CN102983774B true CN102983774B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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| CN201210549544.4A Expired - Fee Related CN102983774B (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2012-12-17 | Liquid phase pulse discharge system based on multi-way switch delay output |
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| WO (1) | WO2014094515A1 (en) |
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| CN102983774B (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2015-04-22 | 浙江大学 | Liquid phase pulse discharge system based on multi-way switch delay output |
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| CN115664385B (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-04-28 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Synchronous trigger pulse generating device and method for field distortion switch |
| CN116667305B (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-10-20 | 北京凌空天行科技有限责任公司 | Method for completely isolating secondary energy storage initiating explosive device activation circuit and timing control method |
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| 裴彦良,刘保华,赵月霞等.《脉冲等离子体震源及其在海洋地震勘探方面的应用》.《Science & * |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN102983774A (en) | 2013-03-20 |
| WO2014094515A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
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