CN102983774A - Liquid phase pulse discharge system based on multi-way switch delay output - Google Patents
Liquid phase pulse discharge system based on multi-way switch delay output Download PDFInfo
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- CN102983774A CN102983774A CN2012105495444A CN201210549544A CN102983774A CN 102983774 A CN102983774 A CN 102983774A CN 2012105495444 A CN2012105495444 A CN 2012105495444A CN 201210549544 A CN201210549544 A CN 201210549544A CN 102983774 A CN102983774 A CN 102983774A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
- H03K3/53—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback
- H03K3/57—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback the switching device being a semiconductor device
Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid phase pulse discharge system based on the multi-way switch delay output. The system comprises a driving unit, and a main loop unit consisting of n-stage discharge loops, wherein the driving unit is used for successive delay output of discharge control signals to the discharge loops respectively; the discharge loops are used for storing electric energy and performing pulse discharge on load according to the discharge control signals. The system generates trigger pulse strings at a certain time interval through a time-sequential pulse generator; phase differences exist among pulse sound waves generated by the discharge loops due to the time interval; the pulse sound waves with different phase differences are superimposed together; pulse width extension can be realized; and the width and the amplitude of the superimposed sound pulses can be adjusted by the adjustment of the phase differences. A frequency and amplitude adjustable sound pulse generating technology has a significant application prospect in the fields of marine high-resolution seismic explorations and underwater acoustics.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Pulse Power Techniques field, be specifically related to a kind of pulsed-liquid phase discharge system based on variable connector time-delay output.
Background technology
Pulsed-liquid phase discharge is that high-voltage pulse is loaded into the technology that produces electric arc or corona discharge on the electrode load in the liquid.System Working Principle is to adopt capacitance energy storage, by triggering discharge switch abrupt release energy, carries out plasma discharge in the water body thereby the output of realization high power electrical pulse is implemented in.System at first converts industrial-frequency alternating current to the medium-high frequency alternating current, boost by transformer again and the silicon stack rectification forms high voltage direct current output storage capacitor is charged, after charging is finished, trigger the high-power semiconductor switch conducting by control circuit control, storage capacitor discharges to load by transmission line.Discharge process can produce blast effect, and " electrohydraulic effect " is otherwise known as.The generation of pulsed sound is because the HTHP of liquid mesohigh Pulsed Discharge plasma channel (zone) has caused the strong pulsation process of bubble.When plasma generated, walls overcame the external force such as hydrostatic, surface tension, viscous force to water body acting on every side because the internal high temperature high pressure outwards expands.Along with the bubble internal plasma is extinguished gradually, internal temperature begins to descend, internal pressure also descends thereupon, the outside movement velocity of walls diminishes, until speed is zero, this moment, the bubble internal pressure was much smaller than hydrostatic, bubble begins to shrink, in contraction process, internal pressure becomes greatly again, namely forms and so forth gas bubble pulsation.During initial the and collapse of air bubble expansion, internal pressure is very large, generation be pressure wave; And bubble radius is when larger, and internal pressure is less than hydrostatic, and what produced this moment is rarefaction wave, and rarefaction wave has been concentrated the acoustic energy of low frequency part.The gas bubble pulsation process has periodically, energy and hydrostatic conditional decision that pulsation number of times and cycle size are had by bubble itself.Energy is greatly then pulsed often, and the cycle is long; The hydrostatic number of times of greatly then pulsing is few, and the cycle is short.
At present, plasma focus or the pulse sound source based on the pulsed-liquid phase discharge technological development has been applied to the fields such as ocean high-resolution subbottom survey, underwater sound research.Especially ocean high-resolution subbottom survey field, France SIG, Holland GEO-Resource, the companies such as Britain AppliedAcoustic have developed many moneys product, and the product of China's independent development has also been realized the engineering application in a plurality of large project construction such as a plurality of site of nuclear power plant addressings of country, bridge spanning the sea and seabed tunnel geological prospecting investigation.The pulsed-liquid phase discharge circuit of having developed and having used mainly comprises storage capacitor, fly-wheel diode, semiconductor switch pipe and transmission line as shown in Figure 1.This circuit generally adopts the synchronously method of output of one-way switch or variable connector, if major loop parameter is fixed, be that output pulse width can't be regulated under the certain condition of storage capacitor appearance value, charging voltage and load, the pulsed sound frequency characteristic of discharge generation also can't be regulated.
Survey for high resolution marine seismic, change faster waters when running into the depth of water, when especially changing from shallow water to deep water, need in time reduce the ping dominant frequency that the plasma focus produces according to the depth of water.In general, the stratum is the 0.2dB/ wavelength to the absorbing rule of sound wave, and therefore reducing dominant frequency can improve the stratum penetration depth.At present, in the system of one-way switch output or synchronously output of variable connector, the method of regulating impulse frequency of sound wave has: the method for French SIG company's employing control capacittance appearance value and replacing load, the relay switch but the former ablates easily, the latter need to stop operation, change load, complicated operation is loaded down with trivial details; Holland Geo-Resource company adopts the method for control capacittance charging voltage, but this method can't change the power supply output pulse width, and the ping frequency change is very little.Therefore to be difficult to all realize that ping is carried out quick amplitude modulation accent wide for above-mentioned existing technical method, thereby change its frequency characteristic.
Summary of the invention
For the existing above-mentioned technological deficiency of prior art, the invention discloses a kind of pulsed-liquid phase discharge system based on variable connector time-delay output, can realize multiplex pulse time-delay output, so that the output pulse width after the stack combinations is adjustable.
A kind of pulsed-liquid phase discharge system based on variable connector time-delay output, comprising: by main loop unit and the driver element that n level discharge loop forms, n is the natural number greater than 1;
Described driver element is for the output discharge control signal of delaying time one by one to discharge loops at different levels;
Described discharge loop is used for storage of electrical energy and carries out pulsed discharge according to discharge control signal to load.
For positive pulse output, described discharge loop is comprised of two isolating diode D1～D2, a storage capacitor, a fly-wheel diode, semiconductor switch and a pulse transmission line; Wherein, one end of storage capacitor links to each other with the anode of the negative electrode of isolating diode D1, semiconductor switch and the negative electrode of fly-wheel diode, the negative electrode of semiconductor switch links to each other with the pulse transmission line inner wire, the pulse transmission line outer conductor links to each other with the other end of storage capacitor, the anode of fly-wheel diode and the anode of isolating diode D2, and the gate pole of semiconductor switch receives described discharge control signal.
For negative pulse output, described discharge loop is comprised of two isolating diode D1～D2, a storage capacitor, a fly-wheel diode, semiconductor switch and a pulse transmission line; Wherein, one end of storage capacitor links to each other with the negative electrode of the anode of isolating diode D2, semiconductor switch and the anode of fly-wheel diode, the anode of semiconductor switch links to each other with the pulse transmission line inner wire, the pulse transmission line outer conductor links to each other with the other end of storage capacitor, the negative electrode of fly-wheel diode and the negative electrode of isolating diode D1, and the gate pole of semiconductor switch receives described discharge control signal.
Load DC power supply between the negative electrode two ends of the anode of isolating diode D1 and isolating diode D2, described DC power supply is used for by isolating diode storage capacitor being charged.
Described isolating diode is comprised of a diode or is comprised of a plurality of diode serial or parallel connections; The effect of two isolating diodes is at discharge regime each discharge loop to be isolated, when avoiding multichannel time-delay discharge generation, the phenomenon that high-voltage energy storage capacitor charges to the low pressure storage capacitor by charge circuit, guarantee the abundant release of energy, also solve the too fast and problem of breakdown voltage semiconductor switch of Current rise that storage capacitor causes altogether simultaneously.
Described storage capacitor is comprised of an electric capacity or by a plurality of capacitances in series or compose in parallel.
Described fly-wheel diode is comprised of a diode or is composed in series by a plurality of diodes; Can eliminate the effect of current oscillation in the discharge loop.
Described semiconductor switch is comprised of a power semiconductor switch or is composed in series by a plurality of power semiconductor switchs; Described power semiconductor switch adopts triode thyristor, IGCT (integrated gate commutated thyristor) or RSD (phase-veversal switch transistor) etc.
Described pulse transmission line adopts high-pressure coaxial cable or other high-voltage cables, its another termination load.
Described driver element comprises time sequential pulse signal generator, photoelectric isolating circuit and signal amplification circuit; Wherein:
Described time sequential pulse signal generator is used for one by one time-delay and generates n group pulse triggering signal;
Described signal amplification circuit is used for receiving described pulse triggering signal by photoelectric isolating circuit, and this signal is amplified the rear output discharge control signal that boosts.
Described time sequential pulse signal generator is made up by crystal oscillating circuit, direct current regulation circuit, single-chip microcomputer and negative circuit; Wherein:
Described crystal oscillating circuit is used to single-chip microcomputer that clock signal is provided, described direct current regulation circuit is used to single-chip microcomputer that operating voltage is provided, described single-chip microcomputer is used for output n group pulse triggering signal, and described negative circuit is used for that the triggering of pulse triggering signal high level is converted to low level and triggers.
Operation principle of the present invention is: high voltage direct current is charged by the storage capacitor of isolating diode to discharge loops at different levels, this moment, fly-wheel diode was in the back-pressure state, after charging is finished, the time sequential pulse signal generator produces a plurality of pulse triggering signals that the certain hour interval is arranged, input pulse transformer after photoelectricity isolation and signal amplification triggers the semiconductor switch of each discharge loop.Behind the switch conduction, the pulse high current on each road is loaded in the corresponding load by pulse transmission line.Because the semiconductor switch of each road discharge loop is not synchronous conducting, the time difference of conducting is the time interval of time sequential pulse triggering signal, therefore the pressure drop meeting of storage capacitor is variant, this moment, the pulse high current of each discharge loop was isolated by the isolating diode at storage capacitor two ends, the phenomenon of on the one hand avoiding the high-voltage capacitance in a certain loop that the low-voltage capacitance in another loop is charged, the too fast and problem of breakdown voltage semiconductor switch of the Current rise of avoiding on the other hand storage capacitor to cause altogether.
The each discharge generation of electricity generation system of the present invention be the pulse train that n pulse high current forms; Since the parallel connection of storage capacitor two ends fly-wheel diode, so each pulse is pulse, do not have current oscillation.
The process that each discharge loop produces pulse is as follows: if load is larger, when the loop was in overdamp or critical damping, fly-wheel diode was in back-pressure state, not conducting always; If load is less, when the loop was in underdamping state, the storage capacitor both end voltage reached zero point prior to electric current, this moment the fly-wheel diode forward conduction, high-power semiconductor switch does not turn-off, and both and pulse transmission line consist of continuous current circuit, and the electric current in the loop is kept by the stray inductance energy storage.When electric current was kept electric current (tens milliamperes) less than semiconductor switch, switch disconnected; This shutoff is soft shutoff, and is little to the loss of device; When each road discharge all finished, the single step of releasing electric process of system was just finished.
The present invention produces the trigger impulse string that the certain hour interval is arranged by sequence timer, triggers the multichannel discharge loop and forms discharge system, and each discharge loop discharges to single load, the independent pulsed sound that produces; Because there is phase difference in the life period interval between the pulsed sound that each discharge loop produces.The pulsed sound of out of phase is superimposed, and can realize that pulsewidth extends, and can be by poor width and the amplitude of regulating the rear ping of combination of control phase.The ping width is wider, and amplitude is less, and low frequency energy is abundanter, and instead then amplitude is larger, and high-frequency energy is abundanter.
The ping generation technique of this Frequency Adjustable amplitude modulation has important application prospect in high resolution marine seismic field of detecting and marine acoustics field; Especially high resolution marine seismic field of detecting, adapt to job requirements under the different water depth condition by regulating the ping width, and do not need the interruption operation process, need not to change the major loop electric parameter or change load, therefore be particularly suitable for continental slope extends seismic survey operation from process to trench.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing pulsed-liquid phase discharge system.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of pulsed-liquid phase discharge system positive pulse output of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of time sequential pulse signal generator.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of photoelectric isolating circuit and signal amplification circuit.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of pulsed-liquid phase discharge system negative pulse output of the present invention.
Fig. 6 (a) and (b) be current waveform and the acoustic waveform spectrogram of 100 μ s systems output for time delay interval.
Fig. 7 (a) and (b) be current waveform and the acoustic waveform spectrogram of 200 μ s systems output for time delay interval.
Embodiment
In order more specifically to describe the present invention, below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments technical scheme of the present invention and related work principle thereof are elaborated.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of pulsed-liquid phase discharge system based on the output of variable connector time-delay positive polarity comprises the main loop unit and the driver element that are comprised of three grades of discharge loops; Wherein:
Discharge loop is used for storage of electrical energy and carries out pulsed discharge and be positive pulse output to load according to the discharge control signal that driver element provides; It is comprised of two isolating diode D1～D2, a storage capacitor C, a sustained diode T, semiconductor switch GT and a pulse transmission line L; Wherein: the end of storage capacitor C links to each other with the anode of the negative electrode of isolating diode D1, semiconductor switch GT and the negative electrode of sustained diode T, the negative electrode of semiconductor switch GT links to each other with pulse transmission line L inner wire, pulse transmission line L outer conductor links to each other with the other end of storage capacitor C, the anode of sustained diode T and the anode of isolating diode D2, the gate pole of semiconductor switch GT receives discharge control signal, another termination load of pulse transmission line L; Load DC power supply between the negative electrode two ends of the anode of isolating diode D1 and isolating diode D2, DC power supply is charged to storage capacitor C by isolating diode.
In the present embodiment, storage capacitor adopts the CBB solid capacitor of epoxy encapsulation, and each capacitor's capacity is 30 μ F, specified charging voltage 10kV, and maximum charging voltage is 5600V during work; Isolating diode adopts the fast recovery diode of 4 withstand voltage 1600V to be composed in series; Semiconductor switch adopts the pie thyristor of forward and reverse withstand voltage 6500V of being; Fly-wheel diode adopt two reverse withstand voltage be the pie diode series connection formation of 4500V; Pulse transmission line adopts internal and external conductor to be the coaxial transmission line that 200 strands of diameter 0.3mm enamel covered wires consist of.
Driver element is for the output discharge control signal of delaying time one by one to discharge loops at different levels, and it comprises time sequential pulse signal generator, photoelectric isolating circuit and signal amplification circuit; Wherein:
The time sequential pulse signal generator is used for one by one time-delay and generates one group of trigger impulse string that is comprised of 3 pulse triggering signals with certain time-delay interval, and time delay interval is that 5 μ s to 200 μ s are adjustable; In the present embodiment, the time sequential pulse signal generator is made up by crystal oscillating circuit, direct current regulation circuit, single-chip microcomputer and negative circuit; Crystal oscillating circuit, direct current regulation circuit and negative circuit all link to each other with single-chip microcomputer.
As shown in Figure 3, crystal oscillating circuit is used to single-chip microcomputer that clock signal is provided, and it adopts the vertical crystal oscillator of 12MHz (being made up by two capacitor C R1～CR2 and a quartz oscillator Z); Direct current regulation circuit is used to single-chip microcomputer that operating voltage is provided, and it adopts LM2576T voltage stabilizing chip (being made up by two adjustable resistance R4～R5), and adjustable resistance is used for the time interval of regulating impulse triggering signal; Single-chip microcomputer is used for output n group pulse triggering signal, and it adopts 96 serial model No.s is 16 single-chip microcomputers of Intel87C196KC; Negative circuit is used for that the triggering of pulse triggering signal high level is converted to low level and triggers, and it adopts 74LS06 hex inverter (being made up by three resistance R 1～R3 and three inverter INV1～INV3).
Signal amplification circuit is used for by photoelectric isolating circuit received pulse triggering signal, and this signal is amplified the rear output discharge control signal that boosts; In the present embodiment, photoelectric isolating circuit and signal amplification circuit are as shown in Figure 4, photoelectric isolating circuit is comprised of three optocoupler G1～G3 and three current-limiting resistance RS1～RS3, and optocoupler input anode connects 5V voltage by current-limiting resistance, negative electrode received pulse triggering signal; Signal amplification circuit is made up by three triode T1～T3, six current-limiting resistance RS4～RS9, three earth resistance RS10～RS12 and three pulse transformer Y1～Y3; The gate pole of semiconductor switch links to each other with negative electrode in two outputs of pulse transformer and the corresponding discharge loop; Pulse transformer adopts the pulse transformer of KCB series (newly creating cubic electronics), and no-load voltage ratio is 2: 1.
In the present embodiment, three grades of discharge loops share a DC power supply, DC power supply is charged to storage capacitor by isolating diode, this moment, fly-wheel diode was in the back-pressure state, after charging is finished, the time sequential pulse signal generator produces the trigger impulse string that three pulse triggering signals by the certain hour interval form, and input pulse transformer after photoelectricity isolation and signal amplification triggers the thyristor on each road.After the thyristor conducting, the pulse high current on each road is loaded into independently load by pulse transmission line.The burst transmissions line length is 80 meters, and inductance value is about about 80 μ H; The emission battle array that load adopts 100 sparking electrodes to form, be that load is about 0.5 Ω in the salt solution of 53mS/cm in salinity, this moment, each road discharge loop all was in underdamping state, when the storage capacitor both end voltage reaches zero point prior to electric current, the fly-wheel diode forward conduction, thyristor does not turn-off, and both and pulse transmission line consist of continuous current circuit, and the electric current in the loop is kept by the energy storage of transmission line stray inductance; When electric current less than thyristor keep electric current (tens milliamperes) time, the soft shutoff of thyristor; When each road discharge all finished, the single step of releasing electric process of system was just finished.
As shown in Figure 5, a kind of pulsed-liquid phase discharge system based on the output of variable connector time-delay positive polarity comprises the main loop unit and the driver element that are comprised of three grades of discharge loops; Wherein:
Discharge loop is used for storage of electrical energy and carries out pulsed discharge and be negative pulse output to load according to the discharge control signal that driver element provides; It is comprised of two isolating diode D1～D2, a storage capacitor C, a sustained diode T, semiconductor switch GT and a pulse transmission line L; Wherein: the end of storage capacitor C links to each other with the negative electrode of the anode of isolating diode D2, semiconductor switch GT and the anode of sustained diode T, the anode of semiconductor switch GT links to each other with pulse transmission line L inner wire, pulse transmission line L outer conductor links to each other with the other end of storage capacitor C, the negative electrode of sustained diode T and the negative electrode of isolating diode D1, the gate pole of semiconductor switch GT receives discharge control signal, another termination load of pulse transmission line L; Load DC power supply between the negative electrode two ends of the anode of isolating diode D1 and isolating diode D2, DC power supply is charged to storage capacitor C by isolating diode.
In the present embodiment, the composition of driver element and the operation principle of system are all identical with embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are that present embodiment 1 obtains electric current output waveform and acoustic waveform and result of spectrum analysis when capacitor charging voltage is 2500V, wherein Fig. 6 is the result that each road discharge lag of system is spaced apart 100 μ s, Fig. 7 is the result that each road discharge lag of system is spaced apart 200 μ s, comparison diagram 6 and Fig. 7 are as can be known, along with the discharge lag interval on each road is elongated, the sound wave pulsewidth broadens, amplitude diminishes, the radio-frequency component energy is pressed, low-frequency component can enrich in quantitative change, and the sound pulsewidth of output can be adjusted in provable discharge lag interval by each road of regulating system thus, amplitude and spectral characteristic.
Claims (5)
1. the pulsed-liquid phase discharge system based on variable connector time-delay output is characterized in that comprise: by main loop unit and the driver element that n level discharge loop forms, n is the natural number greater than 1;
Described driver element is for the output discharge control signal of delaying time one by one to discharge loops at different levels;
Described discharge loop is used for storage of electrical energy and carries out pulsed discharge according to discharge control signal to load.
2. pulsed-liquid phase discharge system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: for positive pulse output, described discharge loop is comprised of two isolating diode D1～D2, a storage capacitor, a fly-wheel diode, semiconductor switch and a pulse transmission line; Wherein, one end of storage capacitor links to each other with the anode of the negative electrode of isolating diode D1, semiconductor switch and the negative electrode of fly-wheel diode, the negative electrode of semiconductor switch links to each other with the pulse transmission line inner wire, the pulse transmission line outer conductor links to each other with the other end of storage capacitor, the anode of fly-wheel diode and the anode of isolating diode D2, and the gate pole of semiconductor switch receives described discharge control signal.
3. pulsed-liquid phase discharge system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: for negative pulse output, described discharge loop is comprised of two isolating diode D1～D2, a storage capacitor, a fly-wheel diode, semiconductor switch and a pulse transmission line; Wherein, one end of storage capacitor links to each other with the negative electrode of the anode of isolating diode D2, semiconductor switch and the anode of fly-wheel diode, the anode of semiconductor switch links to each other with the pulse transmission line inner wire, the pulse transmission line outer conductor links to each other with the other end of storage capacitor, the negative electrode of fly-wheel diode and the negative electrode of isolating diode D1, and the gate pole of semiconductor switch receives described discharge control signal.
4. pulsed-liquid phase discharge system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described driver element comprises time sequential pulse signal generator, photoelectric isolating circuit and signal amplification circuit; Wherein:
Described time sequential pulse signal generator is used for one by one time-delay and generates n group pulse triggering signal;
Described signal amplification circuit is used for receiving described pulse triggering signal by photoelectric isolating circuit, and this signal is amplified the rear output discharge control signal that boosts.
5. pulsed-liquid phase discharge system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described time sequential pulse signal generator is made up by crystal oscillating circuit, direct current regulation circuit, single-chip microcomputer and negative circuit; Described crystal oscillating circuit is used to single-chip microcomputer that clock signal is provided, described direct current regulation circuit is used to single-chip microcomputer that operating voltage is provided, described single-chip microcomputer is used for output n group pulse triggering signal, and described negative circuit is used for that the triggering of pulse triggering signal high level is converted to low level and triggers.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210549544.4A CN102983774B (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2012-12-17 | Liquid phase pulse discharge system based on multi-way switch delay output |
| PCT/CN2013/087375 WO2014094515A1 (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2013-11-19 | Discharge system for liquid phase pulses output in time-delay manner based on multiple switches |
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| CN201210549544.4A CN102983774B (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2012-12-17 | Liquid phase pulse discharge system based on multi-way switch delay output |
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| CN102983774B CN102983774B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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| WO2014094515A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
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