CN102981269A - Large-visual field scanning and imaging device based on solar adaptive optical system - Google Patents
Large-visual field scanning and imaging device based on solar adaptive optical system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a large-visual field scanning and imaging device based on a solar adaptive optical system, which comprises a collimator (1), a wavefront corrector DM (2), an optical repeater (3), a scanning mirror (4), a spectroscope (5), a wavefront detector (6), an imaging system (7), a wavefront controller (8) and a data processing computer (9). In the large-visual field scanning and imaging device, an exit pupil position conjugated on the ground floor is created in a traditional adaptive optical system, and the scanning mirror is additionally arranged at the position. The large-visual field scanning and imaging device has the beneficial effects that through controlling two dimension angles of the scanning mirror, large-visual field objectives are effectively divided and respectively corrected; finally, the correction ability of the solar adaptive optical system to a large-visual field activity area is realized through a data infusion method; and the complexity of the solar adaptive optical system is not remarkably increased, so that the correction ability of the solar adaptive optical system is expanded.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of large view field observation target be carried out scanned imagery device after adaptive optics is proofreaied and correct, particularly based on the large field of view scan imaging device of sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS.
Background technology
Sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS is that domestic and international most helioscopes, especially heavy caliber helioscope are successfully realized one of necessary means to the behaviour area observation of sun surface at present.The atmospheric turbulence of atmospheric turbulence, especially surface layer can have a strong impact on the image quality of helioscope, reduces the resolution characteristic to the observation of sun surface.In order to give full play to the imaging capability of heavy caliber helioscope, make it to reach or near diffraction limit observation performance, need to be equipped with corresponding ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS for it.Be equipped with the helioscope of sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS, can not only be to the high resolution imaging of sun surface near diffraction limit under good seeing condition, even under medium seeing condition, also can obtain better even near the high resolution of diffraction limit to observe, thereby satisfy, High Accuracy Observation demand long-time to the active region.
Yet owing to limited by isoplanatic region, sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS Wavefront detecting and correction visual field only have 10 rads even less, and this only is equivalent to the very little part of active region typical sizes.Along with development and the human demand raising to the solar-terrestrial physics environmental monitoring of Solar Physics, it is significant to the progress and the solar-terrestrial physics environmental monitoring that promote solar physics that the high resolution imaging monitoring is carried out in whole active region.Yet the visual field, active region is generally larger, reaches 1 jiao minute to 5 jiaos minutes, and traditional sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS can't realize effective correction of whole active region and high resolution imaging observation.In order to break through the isoplanatic region restriction, American J.Beckers proposed to adopt multi-conjugate adaptive optics technology (MCAO first in 1988, Multi-ConjugateAdaptive Optics) the expansion adaptive optics is to the wavefront correction ability (J.M.Beckers of large visual field target, Increasing the size of the isoplanatic patch with multi-conjugate adaptive optics, 1988), this technology is after the successful Application of night sky literary composition adaptive optics field, be successfully applied to first in the helioscope in 2003, and the Solar watch surface imaging result of the adaptive optics that obtains larger visual field after the proofreading and correct (people such as Berkefeld, Multi-conjugate solar adaptive optics with the VTT and GREGOR, 2003), and in subsequently several years use at helioscopes such as DST.The MCAO technology has successfully broken through traditional adaptive optical technique to the calibration capability restriction of large visual field adaptive optics, realizes the high resolution imaging to the larger local area surfaces of the sun, for the active region high resolution imaging provides possibility.Certainly, the relatively traditional adaptive optical technique of MCAO technology, its optical texture is huge, data handling procedure is complicated, the control difficulty is larger, and costs dearly, for this reason, requiring the not high high resolution observation field of relatively low Space environment monitor and requirement of real-time, its cost and complicacy can not satisfy the demand of system.
The present invention is based on above background, propose a kind of large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS, by exit pupil position that conjugates to ground floor of creation in traditional ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS, and at scanning reflection mirror of this position increase.By the control to two dimension angles of scanning reflection mirror, realize effectively cutting apart and respectively correction large visual field target; Finally by the way of data fusion, realize that sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS is to the calibration capability of behaviour area, large visual field.The present invention proposes the large field of view scan means for correcting obviously not increasing under the sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS complicacy condition, has expanded the calibration capability of sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS, and novelty and practicality are obvious.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: be subject to the isoplanatic region restriction for traditional sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS, its Wavefront detecting and correction visual field are less, can't realize to the full field range of helioscope carry out the adaptive optics wavefront correction and and then obtain the large visual field high resolution imaging of sun surface regional area this problem as a result, propose a kind of corresponding solution, attempt to break through isoplanatic region to the restriction of traditional sun adaptive optics wavefront correction ability.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above employing is: a kind of large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS, and this device comprises collimating apparatus, wave-front corrector DM, optical repeater, scanning reflection mirror, spectroscope, wave front detector, imaging system, wavefront controller and data handling machine; Wherein:
After helioscope with large view field observation ability carries out imaging to sun surface regional area, be placed on the parallel beam that the collimating device collimation of a distance behind the helioscope image planes position becomes go-no-go, the top layer conjugate position is exit pupil position A accordingly, a wave-front corrector DM is installed at exit pupil position A place is used for proofreading and correct the wavefront distortion of sunshine through causing behind the surface layer, sun light beam after wave-front corrector DM reflection carries out in the optical repeater, its effect is that exit pupil position A is carried out optical relay according to certain bore ratio, and the position of formation and exit pupil position A phase conjugate, be exit pupil position B, scanning reflection mirror is installed in conjugate position B place, its folded light beam is divided into reflected light and transmitted light by spectroscope, and enter respectively in wave front detector and the imaging system, in wave front detector will be limited in the Wavefront detecting visual field more among a small circle by built-in field stop, and wavefront measurements is processed rear control wave-front corrector by the wavefront controller proofread and correct the wave front aberration that limits in the visual field; Treat that ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS finishes initial θ
0After the correction of wavefront distortion, imaging system is finished the picture rich in detail collection after the correction of specific region in the field range; At this moment, by the adjusting mechanism of gated sweep catoptron, make it reflecting surface and produce certain angle △ θ
X, yThereby, realize the change of the corresponding sun regional area in visual field, ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS center, proofread and correct by again adaptive optics being carried out in the wavefront distortion of this subcenter visual field, and the picture rich in detail after the adaptive optics correction of acquisition corresponding region; And so forth, thereby can realize the large view field observation scope of helioscope is carried out the purpose that adaptive optics is proofreaied and correct, effectively expand sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS to the ability of sun regional area high precision imaging observation.
Principle of the present invention: propose a kind of large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS, attempt by in traditional sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS, increasing a new conjugate position and corresponding scanning reflection mirror, by the scanning reflection mirror angle is controlled, realization to the active region quasi real time, the subregion proofreaies and correct respectively, and obtain large visual field, active region high resolution imaging observed result by the data fusion way.
Proposition technology of the present invention has following advantage:
(1) the large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS of the present invention's proposition, can break through isoplanatic region to the restriction of ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS wavefront correction ability, thus to the active region carry out quasi real time, the high resolution observation of large field range.
(2) the large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS of the present invention's proposition, simple in structure, data are processed easily, control measure are simple and clear, and cost is lower, is specially adapted to large visual field, static state or quasistatic expansion target are carried out quasi real time adaptive optics wavefront correction field.
(3) the large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS of the present invention's proposition, employing is positioned at the single scanning catoptron realization of conjugate position to the scanning imagery of active region, its control relation is clear and definite, control algolithm is simple, coupled problem when not having the control of multiple reflection mirror, simple.
(4) the large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS of the present invention's proposition, can be when realizing the active region scanning imagery, do not change each exit pupil position with the surface layer phase conjugate, thereby realized under the prerequisite that does not change any optical component position, finishing simultaneously active region scanning imagery and Wavefront detecting.
In a word, the large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS that the present invention proposes by the control to two dimension angles of scanning reflection mirror, is realized effectively cutting apart and respectively correction large visual field target; Finally by the way of data fusion, realize that sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS is to the calibration capability of behaviour area, large visual field.The present invention proposes the large field of view scan means for correcting obviously not increasing under the sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS complicacy condition, has expanded the calibration capability of sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS, and novelty and practicality are obvious.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is traditional sun adaptive optics principle schematic;
Fig. 2 is the large field of view scan imaging device synoptic diagram based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS is comprised of collimating apparatus 1, wave-front corrector DM 2, optical repeater 3, scanning reflection mirror 4, spectroscope 5, wave front detector 6, imaging system 7, wavefront controller 8 and data handling machine 9 etc.After the 10 pairs of sun of helioscope surface regional area with large view field observation ability carries out imaging, be placed on the parallel beam that the collimating apparatus 1 of a distance behind the helioscope 10 image planes positions is collimated into go-no-go, the top layer conjugate position is exit pupil position A accordingly.A wave-front corrector DM 2 is installed at exit pupil position A place is used for proofreading and correct the wavefront distortion of sunshine through causing behind the surface layer.Sun light beam after wave-front corrector DM 2 reflections carries out in the optical repeater 3, and its effect is that exit pupil position A is carried out optical relay according to certain bore ratio, and the position of formation and exit pupil position A phase conjugate, i.e. exit pupil position B.Scanning reflection mirror 4 is installed in conjugate position B place, and its folded light beam is divided into reflected light and transmitted light by spectroscope 5, and enters respectively in wave front detector 6 and the imaging system 7.In wave front detector 6 will be limited in the Wavefront detecting visual field more among a small circle by built-in field stop, and wavefront measurements is processed rear control wave-front corrector 2 by wavefront controller 8 proofread and correct the wave front aberration that limits in the visual field; Treat that ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS finishes initial θ
0After the correction of wavefront distortion, imaging system 7 is finished the picture rich in detail collection after the correction of specific region in the field range; At this moment, by the adjusting mechanism of gated sweep catoptron 4, make it reflecting surface and produce certain angle △ θ
X, yThereby, realize the change of the corresponding sun regional area in visual field, ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS center, proofread and correct by again adaptive optics being carried out in the wavefront distortion of this subcenter visual field, and the picture rich in detail after the adaptive optics correction of acquisition corresponding region; And so forth, thereby can realize the large view field observation scope of helioscope is carried out the purpose that adaptive optics is proofreaied and correct, effectively expand sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS to the ability of sun regional area high precision imaging observation.
If helioscope observation bore is D, be d by the bore of directional light at exit pupil position A place behind collimating apparatus 1 collimation, telescope observation visual field is θ, and the parallel beam bore at exit pupil position B place is d ', and effective detection viewing field that wave front detector limits is θ
0, the scanning reflection mirror Scanning step is △ θ
X, yThus, the conjugate position B place at scanning reflection mirror 4 places, ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS and optical relay system are made as M to telescopical comprehensive angular magnification multiple, and its expression formula is:
M=M1×M2=（D/d）×（d/d’）=D/d’（1）
Wherein M1 and M2 are respectively traditional ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS to telescopical angular magnification and the relay system angular magnification to ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS.
On the other hand, when scanning reflection mirror 4 according to minimum step △ θ
X, yWhen scanning, the variable quantity of the actual orientation angle of folded light beam is 2 △ θ
X, yAccording to the comprehensive magnification rate relation of the large field of view scan adaptive optics shown in the formula (1), the wave front detector 6 actual detecting light beam apparent field that receive are M θ
0For the high-resolution imaging observation after can realizing the adaptive optics that sun surf zone in the helioscope observation field range carries out continuous space proofreaied and correct, then the Scanning step of scanning reflection mirror 4 need to satisfy following relation:
For circular clear aperture, the pass that the Scanning step of scanning reflection mirror 4 need to satisfy is:
In the practical application, proofread and correct the data fusion of rear high resolution image in order better to finish different visual fields, general Scanning step can be suitably less than the critical value shown in formula (2) or the formula (3).
Wherein, described collimating apparatus and optical repeater can be reflective optical component, also can be the optical components of transmission-type.
Wherein, described traditional ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS refers to comprise the classical ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS of wave-front corrector, wavefront controller and wave front detector, and its corresponding wave-front corrector and wave front detector are not restricted to a certain or several types.
Wherein, described scanning reflection mirror 4 refers to that mirror surface can be around the minute surface center along the catoptron of two orthogonal dimensions rotations, and its scanning mechanism can adopt electronic control, also can artificially manually control.
Wherein, described scanning reflection mirror 4 structures, its position can strictly be positioned at B place, exit pupil position, also can be positioned at the distance of having a contest apart from exit pupil position B, and its error margin depends on system's own characteristic, as long as can satisfy scan function.
Wherein, imaging system 7 refers to satisfy the system that sun surface regional area is carried out imaging, and it comprises image device and photodetector and corresponding data acquisition device; Here do not refer in particular to certain specific imaging and sampler, as long as can finish imaging and image collecting function, all can think the imaging system that the present invention declares.
Wherein, described imaging system 7, its resolving power, imaging wavelength and bandwidth can be selected according to the actual requirements; And imaging system can to a plurality of wavelength respectively, side by side to sun surface the same area imaging observation.
Wherein, described wave-front corrector 2 and scanning reflection mirror 4 also can be used for cone light light path, as long as its corresponding position and the mutual conjugation of surface layer atmospheric turbulence except being used in the parallel beam.
Wherein, this system and device not only can be applied to the scanning imagery of sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS, also can be applied to have large visual field, in other ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS of static state or quasistatic target observation.
The above; it only is the specific embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; anyly be familiar with the people of this technology in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention; the replacement that is understood that or increase and decrease; all should be encompassed in of the present invention comprising within the scope, therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (10)
1. large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS, it is characterized in that: this device comprises collimating apparatus (1), wave-front corrector DM(2), optical repeater (3), scanning reflection mirror (4), spectroscope (5), wave front detector (6), imaging system (7), wavefront controller (8) and data handling machine (9); Wherein:
After helioscope (10) with large view field observation ability carries out imaging to sun surface regional area, be placed on the parallel beam that the collimating apparatus (1) of a distance behind helioscope (10) the image planes position is collimated into go-no-go, the top layer conjugate position is exit pupil position A accordingly, at exit pupil position A place a wave-front corrector DM(2 is installed) for proofreading and correct the wavefront distortion of sunshine through causing behind the surface layer, through wave-front corrector DM(2) reflection after sun light beam carry out in the optical repeater (3), its effect is that exit pupil position A is carried out optical relay according to certain bore ratio, and the position of formation and exit pupil position A phase conjugate, be exit pupil position B, scanning reflection mirror (4) is installed in conjugate position B place, its folded light beam is divided into reflected light and transmitted light by spectroscope (5), and enter respectively in wave front detector (6) and the imaging system (7), in wave front detector (6) will be limited in the Wavefront detecting visual field more among a small circle by built-in field stop, and wavefront measurements is processed rear control wave-front corrector (2) by wavefront controller (8) proofread and correct the wave front aberration that limits in the visual field; Treat that ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS finishes initial θ
0After the correction of wavefront distortion, imaging system (7) is finished the picture rich in detail collection after the correction of specific region in the field range; At this moment, by the adjusting mechanism of gated sweep catoptron (4), make it reflecting surface and produce certain angle △ θ
X, yThereby, realize the change of the corresponding sun regional area in visual field, ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS center, proofread and correct by again adaptive optics being carried out in the wavefront distortion of this subcenter visual field, and the picture rich in detail after the adaptive optics correction of acquisition corresponding region; And so forth, thereby can realize the large view field observation scope of helioscope is carried out the purpose that adaptive optics is proofreaied and correct, effectively expand sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS to the ability of sun regional area high precision imaging observation.
2. the large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: establishing helioscope observation bore is D, be d by the bore of directional light at exit pupil position A place behind collimating apparatus (1) collimation, telescope observation visual field is θ, the parallel beam bore at B place, exit pupil position is d ', and effective detection viewing field that wave front detector limits is θ
0, the scanning reflection mirror Scanning step is △ θ
X, y, thus, the conjugate position B place at scanning reflection mirror (4) place, ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS and optical relay system are made as M to telescopical comprehensive angular magnification multiple, and its expression formula is:
M=M1×M2=（D/d）×（d/d’）=D/d’（1）
Wherein M1 and M2 are respectively traditional ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS to telescopical angular magnification and the relay system angular magnification to ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS;
On the other hand, when scanning reflection mirror (4) according to minimum step △ θ
X, yWhen scanning, the variable quantity of the actual orientation angle of folded light beam is 2 △ θ
X, yAccording to the comprehensive magnification rate relation of the large field of view scan adaptive optics shown in the formula (1), the actual detecting light beam apparent field that receives of wave front detector (6) is M θ
0For the high-resolution imaging observation after can realizing the adaptive optics that sun surf zone in the helioscope observation field range carries out continuous space proofreaied and correct, then the Scanning step of scanning reflection mirror (4) need to satisfy following relation:
For circular clear aperture, the pass that the Scanning step of scanning reflection mirror (4) need to satisfy is:
3. the large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in the practical application, proofread and correct the data fusion of rear high resolution image in order better to finish different visual fields, general Scanning step can be suitably less than the critical value shown in formula (2) or the formula (3).
4. the large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described collimating apparatus and optical repeater, be reflective optical component, or the optical component of transmission-type.
5. the large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described scanning reflection mirror (4) refers to that mirror surface can be around the minute surface center along the catoptron of two orthogonal dimensions rotations, its scanning mechanism adopts electronic control, perhaps adopts artificial manually control.
6. the large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described scanning reflection mirror (4), its position can strictly be positioned at B place, exit pupil position, also can be positioned at apart from B closer distance place, exit pupil position.
7. the large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: imaging system (7) refers to satisfy the system that sun surface regional area is carried out imaging, and it comprises image device and photodetector and corresponding data acquisition device.
8. the large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described imaging system (7), and its resolving power, imaging wavelength and bandwidth are selected according to the actual requirements; And imaging system to a plurality of wavelength respectively, side by side to sun surface the same area imaging observation.
9. the large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described wave-front corrector (2) and scanning reflection mirror (4) are except being used in the parallel beam, also can be used in the cone light light path position that it is corresponding and the mutual conjugation of surface layer atmospheric turbulence.
10. the large field of view scan imaging device based on sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this system and device can be applied to the scanning imagery of sun ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS, also can be applied to have large visual field, in other ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS of static state or quasistatic target observation.
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| WO2021254308A1 (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2021-12-23 | 中国科学院苏州生物医学工程技术研究所 | Anisoplanatic aberration correction method and apparatus for adaptive optical biaxial scanning imaging |
| CN114295332A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-08 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Large-caliber telescope calibration system |
| CN114295332B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-02-21 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Large-caliber telescope calibration system |
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