CN102980559B - Method and device for measuring landslide surface incline and landslide main sliding direction - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring landslide surface incline and landslide main sliding direction Download PDFInfo
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- CN102980559B CN102980559B CN201210461608.5A CN201210461608A CN102980559B CN 102980559 B CN102980559 B CN 102980559B CN 201210461608 A CN201210461608 A CN 201210461608A CN 102980559 B CN102980559 B CN 102980559B
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- landslide
- angular transducer
- cylinder
- obliquity sensor
- sliding direction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for measuring landslide surface incline and a landslide main sliding direction. The device comprises a tilted angle sensor, an angle sensor, and an adaptation machined part, wherein the adaptation machined part comprises a drum, the angle sensor is in a cylinder shape, an eccentric lead pendulum is installed on a main shaft of the angle sensor, the angle sensor is installed on the upper portion inside the drum and is used for measuring angular variation in the main sliding direction of the landslide, and the tilted angle sensor is in a cylinder shape, installed on the bottom portion inside the drum, and used for measuring angular variation of the landslide main sliding direction. Due to the fact that the angle sensor is used for measuring the landslide main sliding direction, through angular variation of the landslide surface incline, the method can conduct effective monitoring for some types of landslides (such as pull-type landside and lithology landside). In addition, the device is relatively low in manufacturing cost, is free of deep drilling for the landsides, convenient to operate, and strong in utility value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to landslide disaster monitoring and landslide disaster forecasts field in advance, particularly relate to a kind of surface, landslide of measuring and tilt and the method and apparatus of main sliding direction of landslide.
Background technology
Failure of Slopes displacement early warning system is one of method forecasting that landslide failure is feasible.Displacement transducer, in the place needing to measure, is installed fixing, is observed the feature of the subsoil of minimal point on slope, then, sent out by these data wireless networks by this system.The risk that the resident of danger zone can use its prevention Failure of Slopes to bring.
But, for the landslide of some types, as retrogressive landslide, rock landslip, the local displacement change that such comes down is also not obvious, even displacement transducer cannot capture the change in displacement at this place, therefore uses traditional displacement monitoring means effectively can not monitor the change of gliding mass.
Summary of the invention
Various types of landslide cannot be effectively monitored for traditional landslide monitoring equipment, the invention provides a kind of method and apparatus can grasping relatively little landslide (as retrogressive landslide, the rock landslip etc.) situation of change of understanding change in displacement, the method and device measure surface, landslide to tilt and main sliding direction of landslide, can effectively to such as retrogressive landslide, rock landslip carry out effective qualitative and quantitative analysis.
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a kind of device measuring the inclination of surface, landslide and main sliding direction of landslide, comprising: obliquity sensor, angular transducer and adaptive workpiece, described adaptive workpiece comprises cylinder; Described angular transducer is cylindrical, and its main shaft is provided with eccentric plumbous pendulum, described angular transducer is arranged on the top in described cylinder, for measuring the angle change of main sliding direction of landslide; Described obliquity sensor is cylindrical, is arranged on the bottom in described cylinder, for measuring the angle change that surface, landslide tilts.
Preferably, said apparatus also has following characteristics:
Described adaptive workpiece also comprises taper entity steel part, and described taper entity steel part is arranged on the bottom of described cylinder.
Preferably, said apparatus also has following characteristics:
The main body of described obliquity sensor and angular transducer is all sealed in described cylinder, only draws data line to described cylindrical outer.
Preferably, said apparatus also has following characteristics:
Described cylinder comprises upper part cylinder, lower part cylinder, top and the bottom web member and top cover labyrinth, and wherein top and the bottom web member connects described upper part cylinder and lower part cylinder, and top cover labyrinth is arranged on upper part cylinder.
Preferably, said apparatus also has following characteristics:
Described obliquity sensor tilts to measure to the rotation of X-axis, and measurement range is-30 ° ~+30 °.
Preferably, said apparatus also has following characteristics:
The tube wall of described cylinder is marked with the direction of X-axis.
Preferably, said apparatus also has following characteristics:
Described angular transducer is non-contacting sensor, and its measurement range is-360 ° ~+360 °.
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a kind of method measuring the inclination of surface, landslide and main sliding direction of landslide, comprising:
Step 1, under described device being positioned over shallow-layer soil body 40cm, draws the data line of obliquity sensor and angular transducer;
Step 2, when keeping described device vertical, backfills the soil body of described bottom of device, the initial value of acquisition and recording obliquity sensor and angular transducer;
Step 3, buries completely by equipment, the data of acquisition and recording obliquity sensor and angular transducer.
Preferably, said method also has following characteristics:
In step 1, according to the direction of the X-axis that the tube wall of described cylinder is marked with, X-axis is pointed to the main glide direction in landslide of pre-estimation.
The present invention measures main sliding direction of landslide by angular transducer, and the angle change of being tilted by surface of coming down, can carry out effective monitoring to the Landslides from top to bottom carried out.In addition, apparatus cost relative moderate of the present invention, also without the need to carrying out gun drilling to slope, easy to operate, there is stronger practical value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the measurement landslide surface inclination of the embodiment of the present invention and the device schematic diagram of main sliding direction of landslide, wherein:
1-obliquity sensor, 2-angular transducer, 3-cylinder, 4-taper entity steel part, 5-data line, the bias lead pendulum of 11-obliquity sensor, 21-angular transducer main shaft, the bias lead pendulum of 22-angular transducer, 31-upper part cylinder, 32-lower part cylinder, 33-top and the bottom web member, 34-top cover labyrinth, 35-vertical level pearl.
Embodiment
Hereinafter will be described in detail to embodiments of the invention by reference to the accompanying drawings.It should be noted that, when not conflicting, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can combination in any mutually.
For the slope of uniform loose's sandstone, the slide displacement measured along ramped surfaces is responsive effective to causing slope angle unstability, ramped surfaces measure landslide rotate then for above monitoring slope progressively the trend of unstability be effective way.As retrogressive landslide, the deformation failure of toe is obvious relative to the deformation failure above slope, and the deformation failure of slope trailing edge adopts the mode of displacement monitoring to be unconspicuous, and adopting obliquity sensor to measure top layer rotation inclination is very effective way.Landslide in the process of carrying out not only slope know from experience produce upper and lower slippage frustrate, also have in the horizontal direction left and right angle change (change of the glide direction that namely comes down).
As described in Figure 1, the surface, measurement landslide of the embodiment of the present invention tilts and the device of main sliding direction of landslide comprises: obliquity sensor 1, angular transducer 2 and adaptive workpiece, and described adaptive workpiece comprises cylinder 3; Described angular transducer 2 is cylindrical, and its main shaft 21 is provided with eccentric plumbous pendulum 22, described angular transducer 2 is arranged on the top in described cylinder, for measuring the angle change of main sliding direction of landslide; Described obliquity sensor 1 is cylindrical, is arranged on the bottom in described cylinder, for measuring the angle change that surface, landslide tilts.
In addition, described adaptive workpiece also comprises taper entity steel part 4, and described taper entity steel part 4 is arranged on the bottom of described cylinder 3.
Obliquity sensor 1 adopts unidirectional measurement, namely only tilt to measure to the rotation of X-axis, measurement range is-30 ° ~+30 °, service precision is per mille, obliquity sensor is made into cylindrical and marks the measurement axis of sensor on the cylinder, and put 11 because its inside is provided with eccentric lead, so there is center of gravity spinfunction, namely the vergence direction of sensor measurement is consistent with the glide direction of tested gliding mass all the time.
Angular transducer 2 is non-contacting sensor, its measurement range is-360 ° ~+360 °, this sensor can realize forward and reverse rotation, measuring accuracy is per mille, this sensor effect is the change of measuring landslide glide direction, also sensor production is become cylindrical, there is a turning axle (main shaft 21) at column top center and connects plumbous pendulum 22, and angular transducer 2 excircle dimension is identical with the excircle dimension of obliquity sensor 1.
Adaptive workpiece main body is pipe 3, cylinder comprises upper part cylinder 31, lower part cylinder 32, top and the bottom web member 33 and top cover labyrinth 34, wherein top and the bottom web member 33 connects described upper part cylinder 31 and lower part cylinder 32, and top cover labyrinth 34 is arranged on upper part cylinder 31.Top cover labyrinth 34 being provided with vertical level pearl 35, whether vertically installing for checking when mounted.
Columned obliquity sensor 1 is fixed on bottom pipe 3, after obliquity sensor 1 fixedly completes, bottom pipe 3, installs taper entity steel part 4 additional.Upper part cylinder 31 is used for setting angle sensor 2, angular transducer 2 in a pre-installation, angular transducer main shaft 21 is installed plumbous pendulum 22, because angular transducer is non-contacting sensor, so sensor main shaft 21 to rotate the friction force be subject to almost nil, glide direction can be measured very accurately by the effect of plumbous pendulum 22 gravity when glide direction changes time.After installation angular transducer 2, upper part cylinder 31 and lower part cylinder 32 are sealed by top and the bottom web member 33 and top cover labyrinth 34, the data line 5 of angular transducer 2 and obliquity sensor 1 is drawn from the middle part of pipe 3 by a single data bus, after drawing data line 5, data line ports is sealed, ensure that the encapsulation of whole measurement mechanism reaches IP68.
The method measuring the inclination of surface, landslide and main sliding direction of landslide comprises the steps:
Step 1, is positioned over described device (about 40cm) under shallow-layer soil body 40cm, draws the data line of obliquity sensor and angular transducer;
Wherein, adaptive workpiece pipe 3 tube wall is marked with X-axis (identical with obliquity sensor X-axis), X-axis is pointed to the main glide direction in landslide of pre-estimation;
Step 2, when keeping described device vertical, draws data bus, backfills the soil body of described bottom of device, the initial value of acquisition and recording obliquity sensor and angular transducer, as the basic parameter of check and correction later;
Step 3, buries completely by equipment, the data of acquisition and recording obliquity sensor and angular transducer.
When there is slippage in landslide, veneer of soil is known from experience appearance and is rotated, at this time obliquity sensor 1 just can capture these data, when the main glide direction come down changes, the lead pendulum 22 of angular transducer can change under gravity, drive the main shaft 21 of angular transducer to produce choosing dress, thus calculate the offset data of angle according to initial value.The indoor design of obliquity sensor 1 has puts 11 with the inside lead of main sliding direction coaxial cable, also there is same change in the inside lead pendulum 11 of obliquity sensor while the lead pendulum 22 of angular transducer changes, and therefore the measured value of obliquity sensor 1 is the tilting value on main sliding direction all the time.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. measure a device for the inclination of surface, landslide and main sliding direction of landslide, it is characterized in that, comprising: obliquity sensor, angular transducer and adaptive workpiece, described adaptive workpiece comprises cylinder; Described angular transducer is cylindrical, and its main shaft is provided with the eccentric plumbous pendulum of angular transducer, described angular transducer is arranged on the top in described cylinder, for measuring the angle change of main sliding direction of landslide; Described obliquity sensor is cylindrical, is arranged on the bottom in described cylinder, and the inside of obliquity sensor has puts with the obliquity sensor lead of the main shaft coaxial cable of angular transducer, the angle change that obliquity sensor tilts for measuring surface, landslide.
2. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described adaptive workpiece also comprises taper entity steel part, and described taper entity steel part is arranged on the bottom of described cylinder.
3. device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that,
The main body of described obliquity sensor and angular transducer is all sealed in described cylinder, only draws data line to described cylindrical outer.
4. device as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that,
Described cylinder comprises upper part cylinder, lower part cylinder, top and the bottom web member and top cover labyrinth, and wherein top and the bottom web member connects described upper part cylinder and lower part cylinder, and top cover labyrinth is arranged on upper part cylinder.
5. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described obliquity sensor tilts to measure to the rotation of X-axis, and measurement range is-30 ° ~+30 °, and measuring accuracy is per mille degree.
6. device as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that,
The tube wall of described cylinder is marked with the direction of X-axis.
7. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described angular transducer is non-contacting sensor, and its measurement range is-360 ° ~+360 °.
8. use a method for the surface inclination of measurement device as claimed in claim 1 landslide and main sliding direction of landslide, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Step 1, under described device being positioned over shallow-layer soil body 40cm, draws the data line of obliquity sensor and angular transducer;
Step 2, when keeping described device vertical, backfills the soil body of described bottom of device, the initial value of acquisition and recording obliquity sensor and angular transducer;
Step 3, buries completely by equipment, the data of acquisition and recording obliquity sensor and angular transducer.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that,
In step 1, according to the direction of the X-axis that the tube wall of described cylinder is marked with, X-axis is pointed to the main glide direction in landslide of pre-estimation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210461608.5A CN102980559B (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2012-11-16 | Method and device for measuring landslide surface incline and landslide main sliding direction |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210461608.5A CN102980559B (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2012-11-16 | Method and device for measuring landslide surface incline and landslide main sliding direction |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102980559A CN102980559A (en) | 2013-03-20 |
| CN102980559B true CN102980559B (en) | 2015-05-06 |
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| CN201210461608.5A Expired - Fee Related CN102980559B (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2012-11-16 | Method and device for measuring landslide surface incline and landslide main sliding direction |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103542893A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2014-01-29 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十九研究所 | Integrated landslide monitoring sensor |
| CN103942446B (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2017-02-22 | 湖北工业大学 | Stability analyzing, forecasting and early warning method based on traction type slope deformation and failure mechanism |
| CN105444736A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2016-03-30 | 中铁西北科学研究院有限公司深圳南方分院 | Intelligent handheld deep hole inclination measurement method, inclinometer and inclination test system |
| CN108303068B (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2023-07-25 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Variable-focus angle-adjustable peeping inclinometer and monitoring method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0936589A2 (en) * | 1998-02-17 | 1999-08-18 | Mitsui Bussan Plant & Project Corp. | Geographical displacement sensing unit and monotoring apparatus using the same |
| CN202031113U (en) * | 2011-04-23 | 2011-11-09 | 金文洪 | Five-dimensional digital detection system for cast-in-place pile hole |
| CN102607488A (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2012-07-25 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Device and method for monitoring displacement deformation of sliding surface of landslip |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3888746B2 (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 2007-03-07 | 株式会社カネコ | Slope failure detector |
| JP2011169705A (en) * | 2010-02-18 | 2011-09-01 | Chuo Kaihatsu Kk | Clinometer device |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0936589A2 (en) * | 1998-02-17 | 1999-08-18 | Mitsui Bussan Plant & Project Corp. | Geographical displacement sensing unit and monotoring apparatus using the same |
| CN202031113U (en) * | 2011-04-23 | 2011-11-09 | 金文洪 | Five-dimensional digital detection system for cast-in-place pile hole |
| CN102607488A (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2012-07-25 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Device and method for monitoring displacement deformation of sliding surface of landslip |
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