CN102978539A - Burdening and preparation method for columnar crystal alnico permanent magnet alloy - Google Patents
Burdening and preparation method for columnar crystal alnico permanent magnet alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN102978539A CN102978539A CN2012104206606A CN201210420660A CN102978539A CN 102978539 A CN102978539 A CN 102978539A CN 2012104206606 A CN2012104206606 A CN 2012104206606A CN 201210420660 A CN201210420660 A CN 201210420660A CN 102978539 A CN102978539 A CN 102978539A
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Abstract
The invention relates to columnar crystal alnico permanent magnet alloy and especially to burdening and a preparation method for columnar crystal alnico permanent magnet alloy. The preparation method comprises the following steps: moulding, fusing and casting, coarse grinding and cutting, and heat treatment. With the burdening and the preparation method for columnar crystal alnico permanent magnet alloy provided by the invention, product quality is improved, and work efficiency is enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of column crystal alnico, particularly a kind of batching of column crystal alnico and preparation method.
Background technology
Column crystal alnico in the prior art, complex process, and also product performance are relatively low, cause quality product not good.
Chinese patent 01130484.7, a kind of aluminium nickel cobalt titanium permanent magnet alloy sintering process is disclosed, it is characterized in that: 1) prescription (powder stock % by weight): Al (aluminium) 6～8, Co (cobalt) 36.1～37.9, Cu (copper) 2.5～5, Nb (niobium) 0.2～1.5, Ni (nickel) 10～14, Ti (titanium) 5～8, its surplus of Fe (iron); 2) multistage sintering, then furnace cooling or be filled with argon gas and be cooled to about 100 ℃ and come out of the stove; Wherein typical technique is the level Four sintering; 3) thermal treatment.This technique relative complex, and quality is relatively not high, can't satisfy high performance demand.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of compact construction is provided, and castability is high, batching and the preparation method of the column crystal alnico that result of use is outstanding.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly solved by following technical proposals:
A kind of batching of column crystal alnico, prepare burden by following per-cent:
Comprise: aluminium 8%～9%, nickel 13.5%～15.5%, cobalt 24%～26%, copper 2%～4%, titanium 0.1%～0.5%, silicon 0.4%～0.8%, sulphur 0.4%, SmCo 0.5～2%, all the other are iron.
A kind of preparation method of column crystal alnico, carry out according to the following steps:
(1), moulding:
1. mulling: first 0～100 height of eye aluminium vanadine is poured into sand mill and added the water that accounts for sand amount about 8%, sand mill stirs first 2～5min, the mixing velocity of sand mill is 15～30 rev/mins, add again kaolin and stir 5～6min, the formation sand material sand cylinder of packing into was stand-by after stirring was finished, high-aluminium vanadine: kaolin=3:1;
2. make sand mo(u)ld: the pilot hole that mould is inserted base plate, guarantee that mould is vertical with base plate, base plate is placed on the smooth iron plate, guarantee that its sand mo(u)ld is smooth, sand material in the sand cylinder is put into sand mo(u)ld carry out moulding, modeling process is firmly wanted evenly, height≤the 30mm that at every turn adds the sand amount, knocking iron plate with wooden mallet should be evenly strong, the topmost of iron plate iron hammer consolidation, and use little doctor blade, guarantee during the demoulding that thin iron staff is vertical with base plate, firmly be careful, in case the bulk drop, inspection type inner chamber has or not disjunctor, and whether top and bottom are smooth;
3. make sprue cup: put sprue cup mould and lasso well at flat board, make the sprue cup mould in the lasso center, the sand material in the sand cylinder is added in the sprue cup mould ties a knot to putting down with lasso, take out mould, it is stand-by to unload lasso;
(2), fusing, pouring technology:
Sand mo(u)ld is put and the pushing away on the brick of heating fire door, is adjusted and push away the brick position, make to push away brick and fire door alignment, put sprue cup on the sand mo(u)ld, push the fire door that closes behind the sand mo(u)ld, progressively adjust oven dry sand mo(u)ld to required temperature and be respectively:
The temperature of progressively adjusting for five class column crystal alnicos is: first step temperature is 1450 ± 20 ℃, and second stage temperature is 1450 ± 20 ℃, and third stage temperature is 1350 ± 20 ℃, and fourth stage temperature is 1200 ± 20 ℃, and every grade of temperature stopped 30 minutes;
The temperature of progressively adjusting for eight class column crystal alnicos is: first step temperature is 1500 ± 20 ℃, and second stage temperature is 1500 ± 20 ℃, and third stage temperature is 1450 ± 20 ℃, and fourth stage temperature is 1200 ± 20 ℃; Every grade of temperature stopped 30 minutes;
Remove scum silica frost and sand grains on the intermediate frequency furnace lining, with iron, nickel, cobalt, copper, SmCo is packed in the intermediate frequency furnace stove, silicon, aluminium and titanium are placed on the top of intermediate frequency furnace, send electricity to carry out melting with peak power 100kW output, the time of melting is 8 minutes, form molten steel and make it oxidation, when temperature is raised to: during for 1600 ℃～1660 ℃ of five class column crystal alnicos, during for 1620 ℃～1680 ℃ of eight class column crystal alnicos, added pasc reaction 2～3 seconds, wherein add again carbon reaction 10～20 seconds for eight class column crystal alnicos, then add aluminium, titanium and sulphur, all after the fusing power is transferred to 20～30kW, stir with stirring rod, drag for slag in the stirring, churning time can not be above 15 seconds, have a power failure after about 15 seconds and left standstill 5 seconds, preparation is poured into a mould, the temperature of cast: the teeming temperature for five class column crystal alnicos is 1600 ℃～1660 ℃, teeming temperature for eight class column crystal alnicos is 1620 ℃～1680 ℃, pours into a mould the formation casting mold:
1., the cast before will be coated in uniformly on the cooling plate with the white clay that alcohol stirs in the pasty state, the thickness of white clay is 1～3 millimeter, and with blower white clay is dried up;
2., shift sand mo(u)ld onto stove gate in the start fusing after 5 minutes, quick and stable was taken out sand mo(u)ld and heat-preserving cover plate when fusing had a power failure in continuous tunnel furnace, be placed on the cooling plate that the surface is coated with white clay, muff and foundary weight are poured into a mould on the cover, carry out pushing off the slag during cast, can not stop in the casting process, should pour into a mould uniformly, be 15 seconds the duration of pouring, builds with the insulation pressing plate behind the casting complete;
3., behind the casting complete, remove residue in the clean crucible with drill rod rapidly;
4., crucible is placed on original position, carry out again the melting of a stove when pourable to next sand mo(u)ld;
Behind the complete solidification and crystallization of molten steel, the time of molten steel solidification is 30 minutes, and casting mold is removed from cooling plate, is placed on the ground that spreads pure aluminium silicate and continues to make the casting mold Slow cooling with the pure aluminium silicate insulation, wait the complete cool to room temperature of product after, carry out again sand removal and process;
(3), corase grind, cutting:
With sharpening machine product surface peak, burr are repaiied, to centreless grinding product is roughly ground again, at last product is cut to required size;
(4), thermal treatment:
1., product is arranged in the stainless steel box by magnetizing direction, in stainless steel box, put quartz sand;
2., stainless steel box is sandwiched in 700～900 ℃ the preheating oven;
3., the preheating temperature in the preheating oven is 700～900 ℃, soaking time is 20～30 minutes;
4., after soaking time arrives, directly stainless steel box is sandwiched in the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus;
5., the solid melting temperatur in the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus is 1280～1320 ℃, soaking time is 20～30 minutes;
6., after soaking time arrives, press from both sides out stainless steel box, and close fire door, whole box magnet steel is clipped in the magnetic field, open magnetic field;
7., a pure aluminium silicate is respectively filled at the two ends of magnetic field working clearance:
8., asbestos plate or silicate aluminum board are added a cover in magnetic field on the working clearance
9., monitor process of cooling, control product cooling time is 15～30 minutes;
10., magnet steel is cooled to about 600 ℃ of surface, turn off magnetic field, with the pending temper of magnet steel dress basket, the tempering basket is hung in the tempering stove, blow-on heats up, every stove tempering basket number is not more than 4 baskets, the classification temperature adjustment is carried out in tempering: transfer the first step tempering temperature during blow-on, first step tempering temperature is 600～630 ℃, the soaking time of first step tempering temperature is 3.8～4.2 hours, after first step tempering insulation time arrives, begins to transfer second stage tempering temperature, second stage tempering temperature is 580～600 ℃, the soaking time of second stage tempering temperature is 5.8～6.2 hours, after second stage tempering insulation time arrives, begins to transfer third stage tempering temperature, third stage tempering temperature is 550～570 ℃, the soaking time of third stage tempering temperature is 4.8～5.2 hours, soaking time to after close stove, magnet steel cools off gradually with stove, when magnet steel cools to the furnace below 400 ℃, magnet steel is come out of the stove.
Therefore, the batching of a kind of column crystal alnico provided by the invention and preparation method
, the processing units compact construction, Improving The Quality of Products is increased work efficiency.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1: a kind of batching of column crystal alnico, prepare burden by following per-cent:
Comprise: aluminium 8%, nickel 13.5%, cobalt 24%, copper 2%, titanium 0.1%, silicon 0.4%, sulphur 0.4%, SmCo 0.5, all the other are iron.
A kind of preparation method of column crystal alnico, carry out according to the following steps:
(1), moulding:
1. mulling: first 0～100 height of eye aluminium vanadine is poured into sand mill and added the water that accounts for sand amount about 8%, sand mill stirs first 2min, the mixing velocity of sand mill is 15 rev/mins, add again kaolin and stir 5min, the formation sand material sand cylinder of packing into was stand-by after stirring was finished, high-aluminium vanadine: kaolin=3:1;
2. make sand mo(u)ld: the pilot hole that mould is inserted base plate, guarantee that mould is vertical with base plate, base plate is placed on the smooth iron plate, guarantee that its sand mo(u)ld is smooth, sand material in the sand cylinder is put into sand mo(u)ld carry out moulding, modeling process is firmly wanted evenly, height≤the 30mm that at every turn adds the sand amount, knocking iron plate with wooden mallet should be evenly strong, the topmost of iron plate iron hammer consolidation, and use little doctor blade, guarantee during the demoulding that thin iron staff is vertical with base plate, firmly be careful, in case the bulk drop, inspection type inner chamber has or not disjunctor, and whether top and bottom are smooth;
3. make sprue cup: put sprue cup mould and lasso well at flat board, make the sprue cup mould in the lasso center, the sand material in the sand cylinder is added in the sprue cup mould ties a knot to putting down with lasso, take out mould, it is stand-by to unload lasso;
(2), fusing, pouring technology:
Sand mo(u)ld is put and the pushing away on the brick of heating fire door, is adjusted and push away the brick position, make to push away brick and fire door alignment, put sprue cup on the sand mo(u)ld, push the fire door that closes behind the sand mo(u)ld, progressively adjust oven dry sand mo(u)ld to required temperature and be respectively:
The temperature of progressively adjusting for five class column crystal alnicos is: first step temperature is 1430 ℃, and second stage temperature is 1430 ℃, and third stage temperature is 1330 ℃, and fourth stage temperature is 1180 ℃, and every grade of temperature stopped 30 minutes;
The temperature of progressively adjusting for eight class column crystal alnicos is: first step temperature is 1480 ℃, and second stage temperature is 1480 ℃, and third stage temperature is 1430 ℃, and fourth stage temperature is 1180 ℃; Every grade of temperature stopped 30 minutes;
Remove scum silica frost and sand grains on the intermediate frequency furnace lining, with iron, nickel, cobalt, copper, SmCo is packed in the intermediate frequency furnace stove, silicon, aluminium and titanium are placed on the top of intermediate frequency furnace, send electricity to carry out melting with peak power 100kW output, the time of melting is 8 minutes, form molten steel and make it oxidation, when temperature is raised to: during for 1600 ℃ of five class column crystal alnicos, during for 1620 ℃ of eight class column crystal alnicos, added pasc reaction 2 seconds, wherein add again carbon reaction 10 seconds for eight class column crystal alnicos, then add aluminium, titanium and sulphur all transfer to 20kW with power after the fusing, stir with stirring rod, drag for slag in the stirring, churning time can not surpass 15 seconds, has a power failure after about 15 seconds and leaves standstill 5 seconds, preparation is poured into a mould, the temperature of cast: the teeming temperature for five class column crystal alnicos is 1600 ℃, is 1620 ℃ for the teeming temperature of eight class column crystal alnicos, pours into a mould the formation casting mold:
1., the cast before will be coated in uniformly on the cooling plate with the white clay that alcohol stirs in the pasty state, the thickness of white clay is 1 millimeter, and with blower white clay is dried up;
2., shift sand mo(u)ld onto stove gate in the start fusing after 5 minutes, quick and stable was taken out sand mo(u)ld and heat-preserving cover plate when fusing had a power failure in continuous tunnel furnace, be placed on the cooling plate that the surface is coated with white clay, muff and foundary weight are poured into a mould on the cover, carry out pushing off the slag during cast, can not stop in the casting process, should pour into a mould uniformly, be 15 seconds the duration of pouring, builds with the insulation pressing plate behind the casting complete;
3., behind the casting complete, remove residue in the clean crucible with drill rod rapidly;
4., crucible is placed on original position, carry out again the melting of a stove when pourable to next sand mo(u)ld;
Behind the complete solidification and crystallization of molten steel, the time of molten steel solidification is 30 minutes, and casting mold is removed from cooling plate, is placed on the ground that spreads pure aluminium silicate and continues to make the casting mold Slow cooling with the pure aluminium silicate insulation, wait the complete cool to room temperature of product after, carry out again sand removal and process;
(3), corase grind, cutting:
With sharpening machine product surface peak, burr are repaiied, to centreless grinding product is roughly ground again, at last product is cut to required size;
(4), thermal treatment:
1., product is arranged in the stainless steel box by magnetizing direction, in stainless steel box, put quartz sand;
2., stainless steel box is sandwiched in 700 the preheating oven;
3., the preheating temperature in the preheating oven is 700, soaking time is 20 minutes;
4., after soaking time arrives, directly stainless steel box is sandwiched in the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus;
5., the solid melting temperatur in the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus is 1280 ℃, soaking time is 20 minutes;
6., after soaking time arrives, press from both sides out stainless steel box, and close fire door, whole box magnet steel is clipped in the magnetic field, open magnetic field;
7., a pure aluminium silicate is respectively filled at the two ends of magnetic field working clearance:
8., asbestos plate or silicate aluminum board are added a cover in magnetic field on the working clearance
9., monitor process of cooling, control product cooling time is 15 minutes;
10., magnet steel is cooled to about 600 ℃ of surface, turn off magnetic field, with the pending temper of magnet steel dress basket, the tempering basket is hung in the tempering stove, blow-on heats up, and every stove tempering basket number is not more than 4 baskets, and the classification temperature adjustment is carried out in tempering: transfer the first step tempering temperature during blow-on, first step tempering temperature is 600 ℃, the soaking time of first step tempering temperature is 3.8 hours, after first step tempering insulation time arrives, begins to transfer second stage tempering temperature, second stage tempering temperature is 580 ℃, the soaking time of second stage tempering temperature is 5.8 hours, after second stage tempering insulation time arrives, begins to transfer third stage tempering temperature, third stage tempering temperature is 550 ℃, the soaking time of third stage tempering temperature is 4.8 hours, soaking time to after close stove, magnet steel cools off gradually with stove, when magnet steel cools to the furnace below 400 ℃, magnet steel is come out of the stove.
Embodiment 2: a kind of batching of column crystal alnico, prepare burden by following per-cent:
Comprise: aluminium 8.5%, nickel 14.0%, cobalt 25%, copper 3%, titanium 0.3%, silicon 0.6%, sulphur 0.4%, SmCo 1%, all the other are iron.
A kind of preparation method of column crystal alnico, carry out according to the following steps:
(1), moulding:
1. mulling: first 0～100 height of eye aluminium vanadine is poured into sand mill and added the water that accounts for sand amount about 8%, sand mill stirs first 3.5min, the mixing velocity of sand mill is 25 rev/mins, add again kaolin and stir 5.5min, the formation sand material sand cylinder of packing into was stand-by after stirring was finished, high-aluminium vanadine: kaolin=3:1;
2. make sand mo(u)ld: the pilot hole that mould is inserted base plate, guarantee that mould is vertical with base plate, base plate is placed on the smooth iron plate, guarantee that its sand mo(u)ld is smooth, sand material in the sand cylinder is put into sand mo(u)ld carry out moulding, modeling process is firmly wanted evenly, height≤the 30mm that at every turn adds the sand amount, knocking iron plate with wooden mallet should be evenly strong, the topmost of iron plate iron hammer consolidation, and use little doctor blade, guarantee during the demoulding that thin iron staff is vertical with base plate, firmly be careful, in case the bulk drop, inspection type inner chamber has or not disjunctor, and whether top and bottom are smooth;
3. make sprue cup: put sprue cup mould and lasso well at flat board, make the sprue cup mould in the lasso center, the sand material in the sand cylinder is added in the sprue cup mould ties a knot to putting down with lasso, take out mould, it is stand-by to unload lasso;
(2), fusing, pouring technology:
Sand mo(u)ld is put and the pushing away on the brick of heating fire door, is adjusted and push away the brick position, make to push away brick and fire door alignment, put sprue cup on the sand mo(u)ld, push the fire door that closes behind the sand mo(u)ld, progressively adjust oven dry sand mo(u)ld to required temperature and be respectively:
The temperature of progressively adjusting for five class column crystal alnicos is: first step temperature is 1450 ℃, and second stage temperature is 1450 ℃, and third stage temperature is 1350 ℃, and fourth stage temperature is 1200 ℃, and every grade of temperature stopped 30 minutes;
The temperature of progressively adjusting for eight class column crystal alnicos is: first step temperature is 1500 ℃, and second stage temperature is 1500 ℃, and third stage temperature is 1450 ℃, and fourth stage temperature is 1200 ℃; Every grade of temperature stopped 30 minutes;
Remove scum silica frost and sand grains on the intermediate frequency furnace lining, with iron, nickel, cobalt, copper, SmCo is packed in the intermediate frequency furnace stove, silicon, aluminium and titanium are placed on the top of intermediate frequency furnace, send electricity to carry out melting with peak power 100kW output, the time of melting is 8 minutes, form molten steel and make it oxidation, when temperature is raised to: during for 1630 ℃ of five class column crystal alnicos, during for 1650 ℃ of eight class column crystal alnicos, added pasc reaction 2.5 seconds, wherein add again carbon reaction 15 seconds for eight class column crystal alnicos, then add aluminium, titanium and sulphur all transfer to 25kW with power after the fusing, stir with stirring rod, drag for slag in the stirring, churning time can not surpass 15 seconds, has a power failure after about 15 seconds and leaves standstill 5 seconds, preparation is poured into a mould, the temperature of cast: the teeming temperature for five class column crystal alnicos is 1630 ℃, is 1650 ℃ for the teeming temperature of eight class column crystal alnicos, pours into a mould the formation casting mold:
1., the cast before will be coated in uniformly on the cooling plate with the white clay that alcohol stirs in the pasty state, the thickness of white clay is 2 millimeters, and with blower white clay is dried up;
2., shift sand mo(u)ld onto stove gate in the start fusing after 5 minutes, quick and stable was taken out sand mo(u)ld and heat-preserving cover plate when fusing had a power failure in continuous tunnel furnace, be placed on the cooling plate that the surface is coated with white clay, muff and foundary weight are poured into a mould on the cover, carry out pushing off the slag during cast, can not stop in the casting process, should pour into a mould uniformly, be 15 seconds the duration of pouring, builds with the insulation pressing plate behind the casting complete;
3., behind the casting complete, remove residue in the clean crucible with drill rod rapidly;
4., crucible is placed on original position, carry out again the melting of a stove when pourable to next sand mo(u)ld;
Behind the complete solidification and crystallization of molten steel, the time of molten steel solidification is 30 minutes, and casting mold is removed from cooling plate, is placed on the ground that spreads pure aluminium silicate and continues to make the casting mold Slow cooling with the pure aluminium silicate insulation, wait the complete cool to room temperature of product after, carry out again sand removal and process;
(3), corase grind, cutting:
With sharpening machine product surface peak, burr are repaiied, to centreless grinding product is roughly ground again, at last product is cut to required size;
(4), thermal treatment:
1., product is arranged in the stainless steel box by magnetizing direction, in stainless steel box, put quartz sand;
2., stainless steel box is sandwiched in 800 ℃ the preheating oven;
3., the preheating temperature in the preheating oven is 800 ℃, soaking time is 25 minutes;
4., after soaking time arrives, directly stainless steel box is sandwiched in the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus;
5., the solid melting temperatur in the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus is 1300 ℃, soaking time is 25 minutes;
6., after soaking time arrives, press from both sides out stainless steel box, and close fire door, whole box magnet steel is clipped in the magnetic field, open magnetic field;
7., a pure aluminium silicate is respectively filled at the two ends of magnetic field working clearance:
8., asbestos plate or silicate aluminum board are added a cover in magnetic field on the working clearance
9., monitor process of cooling, control product cooling time is 25 minutes;
10., magnet steel is cooled to about 600 ℃ of surface, turn off magnetic field, with the pending temper of magnet steel dress basket, the tempering basket is hung in the tempering stove, blow-on heats up, and every stove tempering basket number is not more than 4 baskets, and the classification temperature adjustment is carried out in tempering: transfer the first step tempering temperature during blow-on, first step tempering temperature is 610 ℃, the soaking time of first step tempering temperature is 4.0 hours, after first step tempering insulation time arrives, begins to transfer second stage tempering temperature, second stage tempering temperature is 590 ℃, the soaking time of second stage tempering temperature is 6 hours, after second stage tempering insulation time arrives, begins to transfer third stage tempering temperature, third stage tempering temperature is 560 ℃, the soaking time of third stage tempering temperature is 5 hours, soaking time to after close stove, magnet steel cools off gradually with stove, when magnet steel cools to the furnace below 400 ℃, magnet steel is come out of the stove.
Embodiment 3: a kind of batching of column crystal alnico, prepare burden by following per-cent:
Comprise: aluminium 9%, nickel 15.5%, cobalt 26%, copper 4%, titanium 0.5%, silicon 0.8%, sulphur 0.4%, SmCo 2%, all the other are iron.
A kind of preparation method of column crystal alnico, carry out according to the following steps:
(1), moulding:
1. mulling: first 0～100 height of eye aluminium vanadine is poured into sand mill and added the water that accounts for sand amount about 8%, sand mill stirs first 5min, the mixing velocity of sand mill is 30 rev/mins, add again kaolin and stir 6min, the formation sand material sand cylinder of packing into was stand-by after stirring was finished, high-aluminium vanadine: kaolin=3:1;
2. make sand mo(u)ld: the pilot hole that mould is inserted base plate, guarantee that mould is vertical with base plate, base plate is placed on the smooth iron plate, guarantee that its sand mo(u)ld is smooth, sand material in the sand cylinder is put into sand mo(u)ld carry out moulding, modeling process is firmly wanted evenly, height≤the 30mm that at every turn adds the sand amount, knocking iron plate with wooden mallet should be evenly strong, the topmost of iron plate iron hammer consolidation, and use little doctor blade, guarantee during the demoulding that thin iron staff is vertical with base plate, firmly be careful, in case the bulk drop, inspection type inner chamber has or not disjunctor, and whether top and bottom are smooth;
3. make sprue cup: put sprue cup mould and lasso well at flat board, make the sprue cup mould in the lasso center, the sand material in the sand cylinder is added in the sprue cup mould ties a knot to putting down with lasso, take out mould, it is stand-by to unload lasso;
(2), fusing, pouring technology:
Sand mo(u)ld is put and the pushing away on the brick of heating fire door, is adjusted and push away the brick position, make to push away brick and fire door alignment, put sprue cup on the sand mo(u)ld, push the fire door that closes behind the sand mo(u)ld, progressively adjust oven dry sand mo(u)ld to required temperature and be respectively:
The temperature of progressively adjusting for five class column crystal alnicos is: first step temperature is 1470 ℃, and second stage temperature is 1470 ℃, and third stage temperature is 1370 ℃, and fourth stage temperature is 1220 ℃, and every grade of temperature stopped 30 minutes;
The temperature of progressively adjusting for eight class column crystal alnicos is: first step temperature is 1520 ℃, and second stage temperature is 1520 ℃, and third stage temperature is 1470 ℃, and fourth stage temperature is 1220 ℃; Every grade of temperature stopped 30 minutes;
Remove scum silica frost and sand grains on the intermediate frequency furnace lining, with iron, nickel, cobalt, copper, SmCo is packed in the intermediate frequency furnace stove, silicon, aluminium and titanium are placed on the top of intermediate frequency furnace, send electricity to carry out melting with peak power 100kW output, the time of melting is 8 minutes, form molten steel and make it oxidation, when temperature is raised to: during for 1660 ℃ of five class column crystal alnicos, during for 1680 ℃ of eight class column crystal alnicos, added pasc reaction 3 seconds, wherein add again carbon reaction 20 seconds for eight class column crystal alnicos, then add aluminium, titanium and sulphur all transfer to 30kW with power after the fusing, stir with stirring rod, drag for slag in the stirring, churning time can not surpass 15 seconds, has a power failure after about 15 seconds and leaves standstill 5 seconds, preparation is poured into a mould, the temperature of cast: the teeming temperature for five class column crystal alnicos is 1660 ℃, is 1680 ℃ for the teeming temperature of eight class column crystal alnicos, pours into a mould the formation casting mold:
1., the cast before will be coated in uniformly on the cooling plate with the white clay that alcohol stirs in the pasty state, the thickness of white clay is 3 millimeters, and with blower white clay is dried up;
2., shift sand mo(u)ld onto stove gate in the start fusing after 5 minutes, quick and stable was taken out sand mo(u)ld and heat-preserving cover plate when fusing had a power failure in continuous tunnel furnace, be placed on the cooling plate that the surface is coated with white clay, muff and foundary weight are poured into a mould on the cover, carry out pushing off the slag during cast, can not stop in the casting process, should pour into a mould uniformly, be 15 seconds the duration of pouring, builds with the insulation pressing plate behind the casting complete;
3., behind the casting complete, remove residue in the clean crucible with drill rod rapidly;
4., crucible is placed on original position, carry out again the melting of a stove when pourable to next sand mo(u)ld;
Behind the complete solidification and crystallization of molten steel, the time of molten steel solidification is 30 minutes, and casting mold is removed from cooling plate, is placed on the ground that spreads pure aluminium silicate and continues to make the casting mold Slow cooling with the pure aluminium silicate insulation, wait the complete cool to room temperature of product after, carry out again sand removal and process;
(3), corase grind, cutting:
With sharpening machine product surface peak, burr are repaiied, to centreless grinding product is roughly ground again, at last product is cut to required size;
(4), thermal treatment:
1., product is arranged in the stainless steel box by magnetizing direction, in stainless steel box, put quartz sand;
2., stainless steel box is sandwiched in 900 ℃ the preheating oven;
3., the preheating temperature in the preheating oven is 900 ℃, soaking time is 30 minutes;
4., after soaking time arrives, directly stainless steel box is sandwiched in the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus;
5., the solid melting temperatur in the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus is 1320 ℃, soaking time is 30 minutes;
6., after soaking time arrives, press from both sides out stainless steel box, and close fire door, whole box magnet steel is clipped in the magnetic field, open magnetic field;
7., a pure aluminium silicate is respectively filled at the two ends of magnetic field working clearance:
8., asbestos plate or silicate aluminum board are added a cover in magnetic field on the working clearance
9., monitor process of cooling, control product cooling time is 30 minutes;
10., magnet steel is cooled to about 600 ℃ of surface, turn off magnetic field, with the pending temper of magnet steel dress basket, the tempering basket is hung in the tempering stove, blow-on heats up, and every stove tempering basket number is not more than 4 baskets, and the classification temperature adjustment is carried out in tempering: transfer the first step tempering temperature during blow-on, first step tempering temperature is 630 ℃, the soaking time of first step tempering temperature is 4.2 hours, after first step tempering insulation time arrives, begins to transfer second stage tempering temperature, second stage tempering temperature is 600 ℃, the soaking time of second stage tempering temperature is 6.2 hours, after second stage tempering insulation time arrives, begins to transfer third stage tempering temperature, third stage tempering temperature is 570 ℃, the soaking time of third stage tempering temperature is 45.2 hours, soaking time to after close stove, magnet steel cools off gradually with stove, when magnet steel cools to the furnace below 400 ℃, magnet steel is come out of the stove.
Claims (2)
1. the batching of a column crystal alnico is characterized in that preparing burden by following per-cent:
Comprise: aluminium 8%～9%, nickel 13.5%～15.5%, cobalt 24%～26%, copper 2%～4%, titanium 0.1%～0.5%, silicon 0.4%～0.8%, sulphur 0.4%, SmCo 0.5～2%, all the other are iron.
2. the preparation method of 1 described a kind of column crystal alnico as requested is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
(1), moulding:
1. mulling: first 0～100 height of eye aluminium vanadine is poured into sand mill and added the water that accounts for sand amount about 8%, sand mill stirs first 2～5min, the mixing velocity of sand mill is 15～30 rev/mins, add again kaolin and stir 5～6min, the formation sand material sand cylinder of packing into was stand-by after stirring was finished, high-aluminium vanadine: kaolin=3:1;
2. make sand mo(u)ld: the pilot hole that mould is inserted base plate, guarantee that mould is vertical with base plate, base plate is placed on the smooth iron plate, guarantee that its sand mo(u)ld is smooth, sand material in the sand cylinder is put into sand mo(u)ld carry out moulding, modeling process is firmly wanted evenly, height≤the 30mm that at every turn adds the sand amount, knocking iron plate with wooden mallet should be evenly strong, the topmost of iron plate iron hammer consolidation, and use little doctor blade, guarantee during the demoulding that thin iron staff is vertical with base plate, firmly be careful, in case the bulk drop, inspection type inner chamber has or not disjunctor, and whether top and bottom are smooth;
3. make sprue cup: put sprue cup mould and lasso well at flat board, make the sprue cup mould in the lasso center, the sand material in the sand cylinder is added in the sprue cup mould ties a knot to putting down with lasso, take out mould, it is stand-by to unload lasso;
(2), fusing, pouring technology:
Sand mo(u)ld is put and the pushing away on the brick of heating fire door, is adjusted and push away the brick position, make to push away brick and fire door alignment, put sprue cup on the sand mo(u)ld, push the fire door that closes behind the sand mo(u)ld, progressively adjust oven dry sand mo(u)ld to required temperature and be respectively:
The temperature of progressively adjusting for five class column crystal alnicos is: first step temperature is 1450 ± 20 ℃, and second stage temperature is 1450 ± 20 ℃, and third stage temperature is 1350 ± 20 ℃, and fourth stage temperature is 1200 ± 20 ℃, and every grade of temperature stopped 30 minutes;
The temperature of progressively adjusting for eight class column crystal alnicos is: first step temperature is 1500 ± 20 ℃, and second stage temperature is 1500 ± 20 ℃, and third stage temperature is 1450 ± 20 ℃, and fourth stage temperature is 1200 ± 20 ℃; Every grade of temperature stopped 30 minutes;
Remove scum silica frost and sand grains on the intermediate frequency furnace lining, with iron, nickel, cobalt, copper, SmCo is packed in the intermediate frequency furnace stove, silicon, aluminium and titanium are placed on the top of intermediate frequency furnace, send electricity to carry out melting with peak power 100KW output, the time of melting is 8 minutes, form molten steel and make it oxidation, when temperature is raised to: during for 1600 ℃～1660 ℃ of five class column crystal alnicos, during for 1620 ℃～1680 ℃ of eight class column crystal alnicos, added pasc reaction 2～3 seconds, wherein add again carbon reaction 10～20 seconds for eight class column crystal alnicos, then add aluminium, titanium and sulphur, all after the fusing power is transferred to 20～30KW, stir with stirring rod, drag for slag in the stirring, churning time can not be above 15 seconds, have a power failure after about 15 seconds and left standstill 5 seconds, preparation is poured into a mould, the temperature of cast: the teeming temperature for five class column crystal alnicos is 1600 ℃～1660 ℃, teeming temperature for eight class column crystal alnicos is 1620 ℃～1680 ℃, pours into a mould the formation casting mold:
1., the cast before will be coated in uniformly on the cooling plate with the white clay that alcohol stirs in the pasty state, the thickness of white clay is 1～3 millimeter, and with blower white clay is dried up;
2., shift sand mo(u)ld onto stove gate in the start fusing after 5 minutes, quick and stable was taken out sand mo(u)ld and heat-preserving cover plate when fusing had a power failure in continuous tunnel furnace, be placed on the cooling plate that the surface is coated with white clay, muff and foundary weight are poured into a mould on the cover, carry out pushing off the slag during cast, can not stop in the casting process, should pour into a mould uniformly, be 15 seconds the duration of pouring, builds with the insulation pressing plate behind the casting complete;
3., behind the casting complete, remove residue in the clean crucible with drill rod rapidly;
4., crucible is placed on original position, carry out again the melting of a stove when pourable to next sand mo(u)ld;
Behind the complete solidification and crystallization of molten steel, the time of molten steel solidification is 30 minutes, and casting mold is removed from cooling plate, is placed on the ground that spreads pure aluminium silicate and continues to make the casting mold Slow cooling with the pure aluminium silicate insulation, wait the complete cool to room temperature of product after, carry out again sand removal and process;
(3), corase grind, cutting:
With sharpening machine product surface peak, burr are repaiied, to centreless grinding product is roughly ground again, at last product is cut to required size;
(4), thermal treatment:
1., product is arranged in the stainless steel box by magnetizing direction, in stainless steel box, put quartz sand;
2., stainless steel box is sandwiched in 700～900 ℃ the preheating oven;
3., the preheating temperature in the preheating oven is 700～900 ℃, soaking time is 20～30 minutes;
4., after soaking time arrives, directly stainless steel box is sandwiched in the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus;
5., the solid melting temperatur in the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus is 1280～1320 ℃, soaking time is 20～30 minutes;
6., after soaking time arrives, press from both sides out stainless steel box, and close fire door, whole box magnet steel is clipped in the magnetic field, open magnetic field;
7., a pure aluminium silicate is respectively filled at the two ends of magnetic field working clearance:
8., asbestos plate or silicate aluminum board are added a cover in magnetic field on the working clearance
9., monitor process of cooling, control product cooling time is 15～30 minutes;
10., magnet steel is cooled to about 600 ℃ of surface, turn off magnetic field, with the pending temper of magnet steel dress basket, the tempering basket is hung in the tempering stove, blow-on heats up, every stove tempering basket number is not more than 4 baskets, the classification temperature adjustment is carried out in tempering: transfer the first step tempering temperature during blow-on, first step tempering temperature is 600～630 ℃, the soaking time of first step tempering temperature is 3.8～4.2 hours, after first step tempering insulation time arrives, begins to transfer second stage tempering temperature, second stage tempering temperature is 580～600 ℃, the soaking time of second stage tempering temperature is 5.8～6.2 hours, after second stage tempering insulation time arrives, begins to transfer third stage tempering temperature, third stage tempering temperature is 550～570 ℃, the soaking time of third stage tempering temperature is 4.8～5.2 hours, soaking time to after close stove, magnet steel cools off gradually with stove, when magnet steel cools to the furnace below 400 ℃, magnet steel is come out of the stove.
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| CN113102686A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-13 | 杭州红山磁性材料有限公司 | Alnico integral magnetic steel orientation casting method |
| CN113369818A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-10 | 马桂英 | Magnetic steel and magnetic steel processing method |
| CN113393993A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-14 | 杭州科德磁业有限公司 | Manufacturing method of annular oriented alnico magnet |
| CN114635070A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-06-17 | 杭州永磁集团有限公司 | Preparation method of high-toughness alnico magnetic steel |
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