CN102978502B - Rare-earth lanthanide series sparking alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Rare-earth lanthanide series sparking alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102978502B CN102978502B CN201210546853.6A CN201210546853A CN102978502B CN 102978502 B CN102978502 B CN 102978502B CN 201210546853 A CN201210546853 A CN 201210546853A CN 102978502 B CN102978502 B CN 102978502B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rare-earth lanthanide series sparking alloy and a preparation method thereof. The rare-earth lanthanide series sparking alloy contains 35 to 45 percent of lanthanum, 5 to 15 percent of tin, 35 to 45 percent of zinc, 1 to 5 percent of magnesium and 5 to 10 percent of iron. The preparation method sequentially comprises the following steps of: (1) weighing magnesium, tin, zinc, iron and magnesium serving as raw materials according to the mass percentage of each component in the rare-earth lanthanide series sparking alloy, and cutting each component into small blocks; (2) putting the components into a smelting furnace together, and performing high-temperature smelting in a state of isolated oxygen; and (3) performing electromagnetic stirring and uniform mixing after the components are smelted, discharging, cooling ingots in the state of isolated oxygen, and thus obtaining the finished rare-earth lanthanide series sparking alloy product. The rare-earth lanthanide series sparking alloy product is stable in performance, low in ignition point and strong in abrasion resistance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to alloy preparation field, be specifically related to a kind of rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy and preparation method thereof can be used in industry and daily life.
Background technology
The inflammable sparking alloy of rare earth is because its inflammable characteristic is widely used in industry and daily life, and in daily life, the inflammable sparking alloy of rare earth is mainly used in flint stone, is the important sources of lighter ignition.In defence and military, the inflammable sparking alloy of rare earth is processed into different elements, be respectively charged on different weapons, can obtain satisfied munitions effect.As in weapon for tracer bullet, bullet and shell draw core, portfire and other military applications etc.Other industrial aspect are processed into sparking alloy after element, can be used for industrial gas lamp, geordie, welding gun lighter for ignition and torch ignitor etc.
The inflammable sparking alloy of traditional rare earth is generally synthetic by rare earth or mishmetal, iron, magnesium, copper etc., because the content of alloy rare earth elements is often more than 70%, makes the cost of alloy very expensive; And rare earth element is very easily oxidized, the content in alloy is larger, because its oxidation is larger on the impact of quality product, reduces rare earth element and can not only reduce costs at the middle content of sparking alloy, also can improve the quality of products simultaneously; And rare earth resources is nonrenewable resources, deposit is in the world limited, even if China is the more country of content of rare earth, is also unable to undergo a large amount of Development patternss of using rare earth resources now; Therefore, seek the inflammable sparking alloy of a new generation that a kind of content of rare earth is lower and become development certainty.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of and reduced production costs guaranteeing, under the prerequisite of its performance, to reduce the usage quantity of rare earth, can be applicable to rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy in industry and daily life and preparation method thereof.
To achieve these goals, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
A rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy, wherein: the quality of this rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy of take is benchmark, described rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy contains 35～45% lanthanum, 5～15% tin, 35～45% zinc, 5～10% iron and 1～5% magnesium.
As each component concentration of rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy of the present invention further preferably, the quality of this rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy of take is benchmark, and described rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy contains 37～43% lanthanum, 7～13% tin, 38～42% zinc, 5～8% iron and 1～5% magnesium.
As each component concentration of rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy of the present invention further preferably, the quality of this rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy of take is benchmark, described rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy contains 40% lanthanum, 10% tin, 40% zinc, 7% iron and 3% magnesium.
A method of preparing above-mentioned rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy, comprises the following steps successively:
(1) according to each component of rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy, the mass percent in rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy takes raw material lanthanum, tin, zinc, iron and magnesium, then each component is cut into fritter;
(2) each component is dropped in smelting furnace together, then, under the state of isolation oxygen, carry out high melt; (furnace temperature in smelting furnace is up to more than 900 ℃.）
(3) after the fusing of each component, adopt induction stirring to mix, to come out of the stove, the ingot casting of lowering the temperature under the state of isolation oxygen, can obtain the rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy of finished product.
As the further illustrating of method of preparing rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy in the present invention, the rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy of above-described finished product be take its quality as benchmark, contains 35～45% lanthanum, 5～15% tin, 35～45% zinc, 5～10% iron and 1～5% magnesium.
As the further illustrating of method of preparing rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy in the present invention, the rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy of above-described finished product be take its quality as benchmark, contains 40% lanthanum, 17% cerium, 10% tin, 40% zinc, 7% iron and 3% magnesium.
As the further illustrating of method of preparing rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy in the present invention, above-described raw material lanthanum, tin, zinc, iron, magnesium all adopt simple substance as melting raw material.
As the further illustrating of method of preparing rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy in the present invention, the state of above-described isolation oxygen is vacuum state, or the state in protection of inert gas.
Lanthanum (La), the content of lanthanum in the earth's crust is 0.00183%, is the abundantest one of content in rare earth element; , there is ductility argenteous soft metal; Heating energy burning, generates oxide compound and nitride; Can alloyage, also can make catalyzer.
Tin (Sn), argenteous soft metal, proportion is 7.3, fusing point is low, only has 232 ℃; Chemical property is very stable, is difficult for being at normal temperatures oxidized by oxygen, and is rich in malleability; Mainly for the manufacture of alloy, strengthen the wear resistance of alloy.
Zinc (Zn) is a kind of pearl opal metal.Density is 7.14 grams/cc, and fusing point is 419.5 ℃.At room temperature, property is more crisp; In the time of 100～150 ℃, deliquescing; After surpassing 200 ℃, become fragile again.The chemical property of zinc is active, and in air at normal temperatures, the zinc subcarbonate film that Surface Creation one deck is thin and fine and close, can stop further oxidation.When temperature reaches after 225 ℃, zinc oxidation is fierce; Be mainly used in iron and steel, metallurgy, machinery, electric, chemical industry, light industry, military affairs and medicine and other fields.
Magnesium (Mg), argenteous metal, 1.738 grams/cc of density, 648.9 ℃ of fusing points, 1090 ℃ of boiling points; Be ductile, MAGNESIUM METAL is nonmagnetic, and has good heat dissipation; Can be for tobacco curing fire, flashlight powder, magnesium salts, vent fan, star shell etc.
The component lanthanum of rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy is mainly to have played the effect that alloy is got angry in the present invention, and rare-earth elements of lanthanum can generate with tin, zinc, iron, magnesium etc. the intermetallic compound of low ignition point; Add tin can fall the wear resistance of low-alloyed fusing point and increase alloy; Add a small amount of magnesium can strengthen the ignition quality of alloy; Part iron and zinc can also generate hard crisp FeZn compound, play the effect of putting forward heavy alloyed intensity, hardness; Zinc, as the matrix of alloy, has good ductility, can obviously put forward heavy alloyed erosion resistance, can also increase the density of alloy, has improved the extrusion processing performance of alloy.
Advantage of the present invention:
1. rare earth usage quantity is few, is only half of traditional content, and production cost is low, and quality product is high.
2. product performance are stable, and according to detection, using the alloy density (ρ) that formula of the present invention and preparation method produce is 6.3g/cm
3～7.5g/cm
3, 170～180 ℃ of burning-points (T), hardness (HV) 140～160, sparking rate>=98%.
3. burning-point is low, wear resistance is strong; Due to the increase of tin, magnesium, zinc content, the fusing point of alloy, burning-point reduce, and ductility is good, and the corrosion resistance nature of alloy is obviously better than the inflammable sparking alloy of traditional rare earth.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described, but do not limit the scope of the invention.
The content of each composition in rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy (finished product), unit: %(weight percent):
| ? | Lanthanum | Tin | Zinc | Magnesium | Iron |
| Embodiment 1 | 35 | 10 | 45 | 1 | 9 |
| Embodiment 2 | 45 | 5 | 35 | 5 | 10 |
| Embodiment 3 | 40 | 10 | 40 | 3 | 7 |
| Embodiment 4 | 37 | 15 | 40 | 3 | 5 |
| Embodiment 5 | 40 | 13 | 38 | 4 | 5 |
| Embodiment 6 | 43 | 7 | 42 | 2 | 6 |
| Embodiment 7 | 43 | 7 | 39 | 3 | 8 |
| Embodiment 8 | 39 | 10 | 40 | 4 | 7 |
| Embodiment 9 | 42 | 10 | 38 | 3 | 7 |
The preparation method of the rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy of embodiment 1-5 comprises the following steps:
(1) according to each component of rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy, the mass percent in rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy takes the raw material simple substance of the components such as lanthanum, tin, zinc, iron and magnesium, then each component is cut into fritter;
(2) each component is dropped in smelting furnace together, then, under vacuum state, carry out high melt;
(3) after the fusing of each component, adopt induction stirring to mix, to come out of the stove, the ingot casting of lowering the temperature under vacuum state, can obtain the rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy of finished product.
The preparation method of the rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy of embodiment 6-9 comprises the following steps:
(1) according to each component of rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy, the mass percent in rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy takes the raw material simple substance of the components such as lanthanum, tin, zinc, iron and magnesium, then each component is cut into fritter;
(2) each component is dropped in smelting furnace together, then, under the state in protection of inert gas, carry out high melt;
(3) after the fusing of each component, adopt induction stirring to mix, to come out of the stove, the ingot casting of lowering the temperature under the state in protection of inert gas, can obtain the rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy of finished product.
The rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy finished product product performance of embodiment 1-9 are stablized, burning-point is low, wear resistance is strong.
Claims (8)
1. a rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy, is characterized in that: the quality of this rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy of take is benchmark, and described rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy contains 35～45% lanthanum, 5～15% tin, 35～45% zinc, 1～5% magnesium and 5～10% iron.
2. rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the quality of this rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy of take is benchmark, described rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy contains 37～43% lanthanum, 7～13% tin, 38～42% zinc, 1～5% magnesium and 5～8% iron.
3. rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the quality of this rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy of take is benchmark, and described rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy contains 40% lanthanum, 10% tin, 40% zinc, 3% magnesium and 7% iron.
4. a method of preparing the rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy as described in as arbitrary in claim 1-3, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps successively:
(1) according to each component of rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy, the mass percent in rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy takes raw material lanthanum, tin, zinc, iron and magnesium, then each component is cut into fritter;
(2) each component is dropped in smelting furnace together, then, under the state of isolation oxygen, carry out high melt;
(3) after the fusing of each component, adopt induction stirring to mix, to come out of the stove, the ingot casting of lowering the temperature under the state of isolation oxygen, can obtain the rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy of finished product.
5. the method for preparing rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy of described finished product be take its quality as benchmark, contain 35～45% lanthanum, 5～15% tin, 35～45% zinc, 1～5% magnesium and 5～10% iron.
6. the method for preparing rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy of described finished product be take its quality as benchmark, contains 40% lanthanum, 10% tin, 40% zinc, 3% magnesium and 7% iron.
7. the method for preparing rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described raw material lanthanum, tin, zinc, iron, magnesium all adopt simple substance as melting raw material.
8. the method for preparing rare earth group of the lanthanides sparking alloy according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the state of described isolation oxygen is vacuum state, or the state in protection of inert gas.
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| CN106834879A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-13 | 黄波 | A kind of pyrophoric alloy of element containing praseodymium and preparation method thereof |
| CN106834859A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-13 | 黄波 | A kind of cerium base firestone and preparation method thereof |
| CN106834860A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-13 | 黄波 | A kind of pyrophoric alloy of neodymium element containing cerium and preparation method thereof |
| CN106834861A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-13 | 黄波 | A kind of lanthanum base firestone and preparation method thereof |
| CN106834862A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-13 | 黄波 | A kind of firestone of stable performance and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102787257A (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2012-11-21 | 梁建烈 | Novel mixed rare earth pyrophoric alloy and preparation method thereof |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 稀土金属燃烧剂的研究综述;贾会平;《兵工学报》;19940531(第2期);第70-74页 * |
| 贾会平.稀土金属燃烧剂的研究综述.《兵工学报》.1994,(第2期),第70-74页. |
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