CN102975349B - Screw extrusion method for high polymer material pipe - Google Patents

Screw extrusion method for high polymer material pipe Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102975349B
CN102975349B CN201210546851.7A CN201210546851A CN102975349B CN 102975349 B CN102975349 B CN 102975349B CN 201210546851 A CN201210546851 A CN 201210546851A CN 102975349 B CN102975349 B CN 102975349B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
screw
material pipe
screw rod
sizing
macromolecular material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201210546851.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN102975349A (en
Inventor
童风华
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wuhan Institute of Technology
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Wuhan Institute of Technology
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Publication date
Application filed by Wuhan Institute of Technology filed Critical Wuhan Institute of Technology
Priority to CN201210546851.7A priority Critical patent/CN102975349B/en
Publication of CN102975349A publication Critical patent/CN102975349A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN102975349B publication Critical patent/CN102975349B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505Screws
    • B29C48/63Screws having sections without mixing elements or threads, i.e. having cylinder shaped sections
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/361Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die with the barrel or with a part thereof rotating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505Screws
    • B29C48/53Screws having a varying channel depth, e.g. varying the diameter of the longitudinal screw trunk

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a screw extrusion method for a high polymer material pipe. The method comprises the following steps in sequence: driving a rotating screw to rotate through the rotation movement of a power gear and a driven gear, forwards conveying and gradually compacting a high polymer material; standing a sizing screw, and when the high polymer raw material reaches the sizing screw, filling the space formed by a machine tube and the sizing screw with the high polymer raw material to form a high polymer material pipe embryo; gradually plasticizing the obtained high polymer material pipe embryo under the joint action of friction heat, external heat of the machine tube and a heating screw to obtain the high polymer material pipe. According to the screw extrusion method the high polymer material pipe embryo does the absolute movement along with the direction of the screw, the quality of the high polymer material pipe embryo and the stability in the forming process can be improved, and the characteristic of plasticizing after forming is realized; and the high polymer material pipe formed can keep the physical property of raw materials.

Description

Macromolecular material pipe Screw Extrusion method
Technical field
The present invention relates to melt fluidity very poor, even there is no the macromolecular material pipe Screw Extrusion method of melt fluidity.
Background technology
At present, have the shaping forming method generally adopted of the macromolecular material pipe that mobility is very poor: plunger extrusion molding; Macromolecular material carries out flow process modification, after increasing its shaping mobility, takes common Single screw extrusion shaping; The single screw extruder barrel method of forming.
Plunger extrusion molding can regard continuous print sinter molding as, and the method forming process is discontinuous, and fusion time is long, and production efficiency is lower, and unsuitable shaping large finished product, is subject to a definite limitation in production application.
Modified to poor fluidity macromolecule raw material flow process, adopt common Single screw extrusion shaping, although can be shaping, shaping efficiency be low, simultaneously to reduce properties of product for cost.
The main technique feature of singe screw machine barrel method of forming patent ZL200710053227.2 is the technological process realizing " charging → compacting → UHMWPE tubing type embryo forming → plasticizing " in machine barrel, be different from the technological process of the shaping macromolecular material pipe of conventional extruder " charging → compacting → plasticizing → tube forming (machine barrel is outer) ", this first shaping pipe type embryo, then plasticizing process process, ensure that the shaping and raw materials melt mobility of tubing does not have to be related to, also can be shaping even if the melt fluidity of raw material is very poor.But the forms of motion of the tubing type embryo that patent ZL200710053227.2 technology is shaping is difficult to control, tubing type embryo rotates with screw rod on the one hand, and in addition with screw channel intercropping linear relative movement, the absolute movement form of tubing type embryo is screw.In forming process, with the reduction of the concentricity of screw rod, cause the space formed between screw rod polished rod and machine barrel form UHMWPE tubing type embryo geometric accuracy reduce, thus affect the accurate sizing of UHMWPE tubing and the stability of UHMWPE tube forming.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention proposes a kind of novel high polymer material tubing Screw Extrusion method, and it improves forming stability and product quality under remaining the advantageous prerequisite of patent ZL200710053227.2 technology institute.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: macromolecular material pipe Screw Extrusion method, it is characterized in that adopting macromolecular material pipe screw extruder sequentially to carry out according to the following steps: power gear and driven gear rotational movement rotary screw rotate, and are fed forward by macromolecule raw material and are compacted gradually; Sizing screw rod is static, and when macromolecule raw material arrives sizing screw rod place, macromolecule raw material is full of the space formed between machine barrel and sizing screw rod and forms macromolecular material pipe type embryo; The macromolecular material pipe type embryo of gained, under the acting in conjunction of frictional heat, the outer heat of machine barrel and heating spiral rod, plastifies gradually, obtains macromolecular material pipe; Then, under the continuation effect of extrusion pressure, macromolecular material pipe realizes the homogenization process of temperature and physical dimension by sizing plug and shaping cover; Complete cooling and shaping process by coolant jacket again, finally by under the common co-ordination of draw-gear, metering device and cutter sweep, realize the continuously shaped of macromolecular material pipe.
By such scheme, described macromolecular material pipe screw extruder, include cabinet, power gear, rotary screw, sizing screw rod, screw rod positioning sleeve, driven gear, flange, machine barrel, heater and spin, wherein, pair of bearings is equipped with at the two ends of power gear, bearing is arranged on cabinet, power gear engages with the driven gear be installed on cabinet, under the effect of external force, drive driven gear rotates, described cabinet is fixedly installed screw rod positioning sleeve, it is fixed with sizing screw rod, sizing screw rod passes in rotary screw, remain static, sizing screw rod matches with rotary screw and has groove close to rotary screw end, spin is installed in groove, sizing screw rod is avoided directly to contact with rotary screw, the both sides of machine barrel are fixed on cabinet by flange, heater is installed on outside machine barrel.
By such scheme, described rotary screw is provided with pair of bearings locating surface, and it is installed on pair of bearings, and bearing is arranged on cabinet, guarantees concentricity when rotary screw works.
By such scheme, described rotary screw has spiral shell rib, play the object of charging compacting, its structure is divided into: compacting section: uniform pitch becomes the spiral groove depths such as spiral groove depth, variable-pitch and variable spiral groove depth or varying pitch; Changeover portion, changeover portion does not have spiral shell rib, and rotary screw wall thickness progressively reduces until disappear; Described rotary screw has the keyway of fitting key, realize the connection with driven gear by key.
By such scheme, described sizing screw rod has the keyway of fitting key, realize the connection with screw rod positioning sleeve, non rotating when guaranteeing that sizing screw rod works by key; Sizing screw rod has stopping-receding bench, contacts with screw rod positioning sleeve during work, stand fast when guaranteeing that sizing screw rod works.
By such scheme, described machine barrel has groove, the corresponding compacting section at rotary screw, to improve the conveying capacity of rotary screw.
General principle of the present invention is: sizing screw rod is static, and rotary screw rotates, and macromolecule raw material is carried compacting and produces enough extrusion pressures, rotary screw only has charging compacting section compared with common screw, and does not have fluxing zone; When being compacted raw material and arriving sizing screw rod and machine barrel die cavity, thus form tubing type embryo; Under frictional heat and the heat conducting acting in conjunction of barrel heater, when tubing type embryo arrives machine barrel front end place, tubing plastifies fully completely; Thereafter, in sizing machine barrel, the accurate sizing of macromolecular material pipe is realized.
The present invention and patent ZL200710053227.2, denomination of invention " the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene tube single screw extruder barrel method of forming " is compared and is had the following advantages:
(1) ensure that macromolecular material pipe type embryo does absolute movement along screw rod direction: due to sizing screw rod transfixion, ensure that the forms of motion of the macromolecular material pipe type embryo formed is with screw rod direction moving linearly;
(2) improve the stability of macromolecular material pipe type idioplasm amount and forming process: patent ZL200710053227.2 technology in forming process due to the impact of screw rod eccentric rotary, the geometric accuracy of macromolecule tubing type embryo is caused to be difficult to ensure, the simultaneously motion of tubing type embryo in machine barrel to be rotated with screw rod by it and and screw channel between the synthesis of relative motion, the absolute movement form of tubing type embryo is screw, and this have impact on the sizing of tubing and the stability of forming process.Screw rod transfixion of the present invention, the direction of motion of tubing type embryo, for do absolute movement along screw rod direction, improves formed precision and the forming stability of macromolecular material pipe type embryo;
(3) patented technology of the present invention plastifies feature after having ready-made type: the moulding process breaching the shaping macromolecular material pipe of traditional Single screw extrusion in polymer tube material forming technique: namely first in machine barrel, form tubing type embryo, then the technique plastified;
(4) the present invention the shaping macromolecular material pipe obtained can keep the physical property of raw material: when carrying out polymer material molding tubing, forming temperature is lower than feed material degradation temperature, then shaping macromolecular material pipe is by the performance of intact reservation raw material.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is former structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of sizing screw rod of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of rotary screw of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described, but can not be construed as limiting the invention.
Macromolecular material pipe screw extruder of the present invention, include cabinet 1, power gear 2, rotary screw 3, sizing screw rod 4, screw rod positioning sleeve 5, driven gear 6, flange 8, machine barrel 9, heater 10 and spin 11, wherein, pair of bearings is equipped with at the two ends of power gear, bearing is arranged on cabinet 1, power gear 2 engages with the driven gear 6 be installed on cabinet, under the effect of external force, drive driven gear rotates, described cabinet is fixedly installed screw rod positioning sleeve 5, it is fixed with sizing screw rod 4, sizing screw rod 4 passes in rotary screw 3, remain static, sizing screw rod matches with rotary screw and has groove 13 close to rotary screw end, spin 11 is installed in groove, sizing screw rod is avoided directly to contact with rotary screw, the both sides of machine barrel 9 are fixed on cabinet by flange 8, heater 10 is installed on outside machine barrel.
As shown in Figure 2, described rotary screw 3 is provided with pair of bearings locating surface 16, and it is installed on pair of bearings, and bearing is arranged on cabinet, guarantees concentricity when rotary screw works; Described rotary screw has spiral shell rib 17, play the object of charging compacting, its structure is divided into: compacting section: uniform pitch becomes the spiral groove depths such as spiral groove depth, variable-pitch and variable spiral groove depth or varying pitch; Changeover portion 18, changeover portion does not have spiral shell rib, and rotary screw wall thickness progressively reduces until disappear; Described rotary screw has the keyway 15 of fitting key 12, realize, with the connection of driven gear, described machine barrel having groove by key, the corresponding compacting section at rotary screw, to improve the conveying capacity of rotary screw.
As shown in Figure 3, described sizing screw rod has the keyway 15 of fitting key, realize the connection with screw rod positioning sleeve, non rotating when guaranteeing that sizing screw rod works by key; Sizing screw rod has stopping-receding bench 14, contact with screw rod positioning sleeve during work, stand fast when guaranteeing that sizing screw rod works.
Power set, transmission device, the temperature control system wanted required for the present invention all can adopt existing single screw extrusion machine identical device and technology, and draw-gear, metering device and cutter sweep adopt existing conventional equipment.
The shaping machine barrel method of forming of macromolecular material pipe Single screw extrusion, order is carried out according to the following steps: power gear and driven gear rotational movement rotary screw rotate, and rotary screw only has charging compacting section compared with common screw, and does not have fluxing zone; Macromolecule raw material is fed forward and is compacted gradually; Sizing screw rod is static, and when macromolecule raw material arrives sizing screw rod place, macromolecule raw material is full of the space formed between machine barrel and sizing screw rod and forms macromolecular material pipe type embryo; The macromolecular material pipe type embryo of gained is under the acting in conjunction of frictional heat, the outer heat of machine barrel and heating spiral rod, and plastify gradually, when tubing type embryo arrives machine barrel front end place, tubing plastifies fully completely, obtains macromolecular material pipe; Then, under the continuation effect of extrusion pressure, macromolecular material pipe realizes the homogenization process of temperature and physical dimension by sizing plug and shaping cover; Complete cooling and shaping process by coolant jacket again, finally by under the common co-ordination of draw-gear, metering device and cutter sweep, realize the continuously shaped of macromolecular material pipe.All be less than the decomposition temperature of macromolecular material in the temperature of the thermal treatment zone in macromolecular material pipe forming process.
The pure UHMWPE tubing that table 1 is produced for the embodiment of the present invention 1 carries out critical performance parameters examining report, shows the physical property remaining pure UHMWPE that sample is intact in density, vicat softening temperature and wearability etc.
The pure UHMWPE tubing that the table 1 pair machine barrel method of forming is produced carries out critical performance parameters examining report

Claims (5)

1. macromolecular material pipe Screw Extrusion method, it is characterized in that adopting macromolecular material pipe screw extruder sequentially to carry out according to the following steps: power gear and driven gear rotational movement rotary screw rotate, and are fed forward by macromolecule raw material and are compacted gradually, sizing screw rod is static, and when macromolecule raw material arrives sizing screw rod place, macromolecule raw material is full of the space formed between machine barrel and sizing screw rod and forms macromolecular material pipe type embryo, the macromolecular material pipe type embryo of gained, under the acting in conjunction of frictional heat, the outer heat of machine barrel and heating spiral rod, plastifies gradually, obtains macromolecular material pipe, then, under the continuation effect of extrusion pressure, macromolecular material pipe realizes the homogenization process of temperature and physical dimension by sizing plug and shaping cover, complete cooling and shaping process by coolant jacket again, finally by under the common co-ordination of draw-gear, metering device and cutter sweep, realize the continuously shaped of macromolecular material pipe, described macromolecular material pipe screw extruder, include cabinet (1), power gear (2), rotary screw (3), sizing screw rod (4), screw rod positioning sleeve (5), driven gear (6), flange (8), machine barrel (9), heater (10) and spin (11), wherein, pair of bearings is equipped with at the two ends of power gear, bearing is arranged on cabinet (1), power gear (2) engages with the driven gear be installed on cabinet (6), under the effect of external force, drive driven gear rotates, described cabinet is fixedly installed screw rod positioning sleeve (5), it is fixed with sizing screw rod (4), sizing screw rod (4) passes in rotary screw (3), remain static, sizing screw rod matches with rotary screw and has groove (13) close to rotary screw end, spin (11) is installed in groove, sizing screw rod is avoided directly to contact with rotary screw, the both sides of machine barrel (9) are fixed on cabinet by flange (8), heater (10) is installed on outside machine barrel.
2. by macromolecular material pipe Screw Extrusion method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described rotary screw (3) is provided with pair of bearings locating surface (16), it is installed on pair of bearings, and bearing is arranged on cabinet, guarantees concentricity when rotary screw works.
3. by macromolecular material pipe Screw Extrusion method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described rotary screw there is spiral shell rib (17), play the object of charging compacting, its structure is divided into: compacting section: uniform pitch becomes the spiral groove depths such as spiral groove depth, variable-pitch and variable spiral groove depth or varying pitch; Changeover portion (18), changeover portion does not have spiral shell rib, and rotary screw wall thickness progressively reduces until disappear; Described rotary screw has the keyway (15) of fitting key (12), realize the connection with driven gear by key.
4. by the macromolecular material pipe Screw Extrusion method described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that the keyway (15) described sizing screw rod having fitting key, realize the connection with screw rod positioning sleeve, non rotating when guaranteeing that sizing screw rod works by key; Sizing screw rod has stopping-receding bench (14), contact with screw rod positioning sleeve during work, stand fast when guaranteeing that sizing screw rod works.
5. by macromolecular material pipe Screw Extrusion method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described machine barrel has groove, the corresponding compacting section at rotary screw, to improve the conveying capacity of rotary screw.
CN201210546851.7A 2012-09-28 2012-12-17 Screw extrusion method for high polymer material pipe Expired - Fee Related CN102975349B (en)

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CN201210368398 2012-09-28
CN201210368398.5 2012-09-28
CN201210546851.7A CN102975349B (en) 2012-09-28 2012-12-17 Screw extrusion method for high polymer material pipe

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CN102975349B true CN102975349B (en) 2014-12-24

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103507244A (en) * 2013-09-18 2014-01-15 吉林大学 Continuous molding device for tubular organic composite materials

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101117017A (en) * 2007-09-14 2008-02-06 武汉工程大学 Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene tube single screw extruder barrel forming method and the forming device thereof
CN101434124A (en) * 2008-12-24 2009-05-20 王建 Rotating barrel
CN201728823U (en) * 2010-07-29 2011-02-02 山东恒润邦和机械制造有限公司 Large-aperture ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene pipe extruder
CN102358022A (en) * 2011-08-01 2012-02-22 武汉工程大学 Polymer material pipe single-screw continuous extrusion forming cylinder forming method and forming device thereof
CN202318859U (en) * 2011-12-01 2012-07-11 山东迪浩耐磨管道股份有限公司 Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene tube extruding machine

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JP2000185317A (en) * 1998-12-22 2000-07-04 Ube Ind Ltd Twin screw-type waste extrusion molding machine and method for molding two-layer structure molding of waste using this machine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101117017A (en) * 2007-09-14 2008-02-06 武汉工程大学 Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene tube single screw extruder barrel forming method and the forming device thereof
CN101434124A (en) * 2008-12-24 2009-05-20 王建 Rotating barrel
CN201728823U (en) * 2010-07-29 2011-02-02 山东恒润邦和机械制造有限公司 Large-aperture ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene pipe extruder
CN102358022A (en) * 2011-08-01 2012-02-22 武汉工程大学 Polymer material pipe single-screw continuous extrusion forming cylinder forming method and forming device thereof
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