CN109849307A - A kind of high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine - Google Patents
A kind of high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN109849307A CN109849307A CN201910288149.7A CN201910288149A CN109849307A CN 109849307 A CN109849307 A CN 109849307A CN 201910288149 A CN201910288149 A CN 201910288149A CN 109849307 A CN109849307 A CN 109849307A
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Abstract
A kind of high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine is by main motor, reduction gearbox, loading hopper, machine barrel, screw rod, head composition, screw rod is by screw mandrel, 2 one start screw modules, 1 double thread module and melt fracture module composition, involute spline is taken to combine between mandrel and module, screw mandrel, which prolongs axis direction, temperature control medium hole, it is controlled for extruded material temperature, screw thread module mainly plays melt heat preservation, the effect of compacting and conveying, melt fracture module mainly plays melt material destruction and shunting function, outer screw diameter 30mm~300mm, draw ratio 1~10, compression ratio is up to 4, screw speed is up to 200rpm, the power of variable-frequency stepless speed-regulating main motor is 10kw~500kw, machine barrel takes longitudinal structure design that deducts marks, extruder barrel temperature control is room temperature~40 It 0 DEG C, realizes high viscosity, reaction thickening, react cured molded composites stable extrusion and granulation, production environment is friendly.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to resin crushing device fields, and in particular to a kind of high viscosity molded composites single screw rod extrusion
Machine.
Background technique
Molded composites refer to phenolic resin, epoxy resin, bimaleimide resin, polyimide resin, gather
The thermosetting resins such as ether ether ketone resin, polycarbonate resin and thermoplastic resin are matrix, with chopped strand, micro-particle filler of receiving
And auxiliary agent is the composite material of adding ingredient;The high viscosity is that the melt viscosity of such composite material is very high, when using GB-
The measurement standard testing of T3682-2000 thermoplastic melt mass flow rate and melt volume-flow rate is above-mentioned high viscous
When spending molded composites melt flow behavior, melt mass flow rate in its melt temperature scope be 0g/min~
15g/10min but do not include 0g/min or its melt volume-flow rate be 0cm3/ min~20cm3/ 10min but do not include
0cm3/min;The single screw extrusion machine, which refers to, to be suitble to above-mentioned high viscosity molded composites melt extrusion molding, squeezes out rule
Shaped particles, that is, extruding pelletization single screw extrusion machine.
With the promotion of the high-tech sectors such as novel electron, new automobile industry, the energy, various chopped strands, each are added
Kind receive the phenolic resin of micro-dimension particle and function additive, epoxy resin, bimaleimide resin, polyimide resin, poly-
The rapid growth of the resins base high-performance macromolecule moulding compound demand such as ether ether ketone resin, polycarbonate resin, but due to the high property
The problems such as very high, reaction that there are viscosity in energy moulding compound extrusion molding and granulation process viscosifies or reaction solidifies, cannot lead to so far
It crosses extruding pelletization and obtains the granular moulding compound of rule, it can only to obtain size uneven, in irregular shape and contain powder by crushing
Hybrid guided mode plastics, production energy consumption is big, and production environment is severe, therefore, a kind of suitable high viscosity molded composites of innovative development
Extrusion molding and granulation have important practical significance with single screw extrusion machine.
Feature in the extrusion molding of high viscosity molded composites and granulation process are as follows: chopped strand and inorganic particulate of receiving
Loading is big, moulding compound melt viscosity is very high, easily react thickening and easily reaction solidification, when using classic screw extruder,
Because the draw ratio and compression ratio of its screw rod are big, the pressure of head inner cavity is big, causes to crash and shut down, or even screw rod fracture occurs,
Extrusion process is unstable, greatly affected the deep development and application field of above-mentioned composite material.
It is rarely reported both at home and abroad about high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine technology.Application number
201110274660.5 Chinese invention patent provide the processing method that a kind of fine powder material of phenolic plastic finished products recycles
Patent of invention, be primarily characterized in that: 100phr mass fraction recycle fine powder material of phenolic plastic finished products in be added
Phenolic resin, the 12.5phr~15phr mass fraction glass fibre of 6.25phr~10phr mass fraction, first through mixed at high speed,
(30 DEG C~120 DEG C) extrusion sheets of screw extruder (extrusion temperature be 90 DEG C~110 DEG C), by twin-roll machine tabletting, then it is defeated
It is sent to cooling steel band, smashing, screening moulding compound uneven to get size, in irregular shape and containing powder.This final work
Skill still will be uneven, in irregular shape using crushing operation preparation size and represents existing moulding compound containing powder moulding compound
Industrial level, technique fall behind, and production energy consumption is big, and shop environment is severe, large labor intensity, and worker's health is by serious prestige
The side of body.
It is counted secondly, the screw rod of traditional single screw extrusion machine is compacted section, compression section, that is, fluxing zone, homogenizing zone by feeding section
Measure Duan Zucheng, wherein the root diameter of feeding section screw rod spiral shell rib is smaller, and screw channel is deeper and constant, and main function is transferring raw material to after
Continuous section;The root diameter of homogenizing zone screw rod spiral shell rib is larger, and screw channel is shallower and constant, and main function is that fusant materials quantitative is determined by compression section
It is extruded into screw rod front end and head outlet warmly;The root diameter of compression section screw rod spiral shell rib changes, and spiral groove depth is from depth to shallow, main to make
With being compacting, fused materials, establish pressure, and the geometrical compression ratio of compression section screw rod is generally 1.6~5, the length of screw rod with
Diameter ratio draw ratio is 12:1~42:1, and heated time and residence time of the material in machine barrel are long, and traditional single screw rod
The screw rod of extruder is generally overall structure, it is very high or easily react thickening not to be able to satisfy viscosity, or easily react cured height
The requirement of the extrusion molding of viscosity molded composites and prilling.
Therefore, it is big to invent a kind of high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine meaning, and technology of the present invention
And its solution is still rarely known by the people.
Summary of the invention
To overcome existing single screw extrusion machine technical deficiency, the present invention provides a kind of high viscosity molded composites single screw rod
Extruder, it has therefore been surprisingly found that achievable viscosity is very high or easy react viscosifies or easily react cured high viscosity mould
Plastic composite material extrusion moulding squeezes out particles having similar shapes, that is, extruding pelletization, and controllable reaction thickening and reaction problem of solidification
Generation.
A kind of high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine includes transmission device, loading hopper 3, machine barrel 4, screw rod 5, machine
First 6, heating and cooling device, electric-controlled device, as shown in Figure 1.
The transmission device includes main motor 1 and reduction gearbox 2, as shown in Figure 1, the input terminal of main motor 1 and reduction gearbox 2 is logical
It crosses belt and connects transmission with belt pulley, the main motor 1 uses stepless speed regulation, and the power of main motor 1 is 10kw~500kw, institute
Reduction gearbox 2 is stated using the roller gear reduction gearbox that can hold big load.
The loading hopper 3 is fixed on close to 4 top of machine barrel of reduction gearbox 2, and one end of machine barrel 4 is fixed on the one of reduction gearbox 2
The driving end of side, screw rod 5 is connect with the output end of reduction gearbox 2 using spline.
The internal diameter of machine barrel 4 is 30mm~300mm, and the ratio between the length of machine barrel 4 and its internal diameter are 3~10, and machine barrel 4 takes longitudinal direction
Structure of deducting marks design, in order to clear up, replace screw rod, is equipped with electric heater and temperature sensor, extrusion temperature on the outside of machine barrel 4
Control is room temperature~400 DEG C.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, wherein 5-screw rods, 501-screw mandrels, 5011-screw rod cores
Axis cross section, 5012-screw mandrel center heating/cooling medium holes, 502-paragraph 1 one start screw modules, 5021-paragraph 1
Section one start screw module left view, 503-the 2 section of one start screw module, 5031-the 2 section of one start screw module left view,
504-the 3 section of double thread module, 5041-the 3 section of double thread module left view, 505-the 4 section of melt fracture module,
5051-the 4 section of melt fracture module left view.
The screw rod 5 is made of the modular construction of screw mandrel 501 and several screw thread modules, mandrel 501 and screw thread
Involute spline is taken to combine between module, screw mandrel, which prolongs axis direction design, temperature control medium hole, for extruded material
Temperature control.
The screw thread module includes 502, the 2nd sections of one start screw modules 503 of paragraph 1 one start screw module, the 3rd section of double end spiral shell
The composition of line module 504 and the 4th section of melt fracture module 505, wherein paragraph 1 one start screw module 502 mainly plays melt material and protects
Mild compaction, the 2nd section of one start screw module 503 and the 3rd section of double thread module 504 mainly play melt material heat preservation and defeated
Effect is sent, the 4th section of melt fracture module 505 mainly plays melt material heat preservation, destruction and shunting function;One start screw module 502
Screw pitch with 503 is equal to the outer diameter of screw rod 5, the screw pitch of screw rod double thread module 504 be equal to the outer diameter of screw rod 5 two/
One;The outer diameter of screw rod 5 is 30mm~300mm, draw ratio is 1~10;The combined length of the screw thread module 502,503 and 504
It is 0.6 times~0.9 times of 5 length of screw rod, the length of the 4th section of melt fracture module 505 is 0.1 times of 5 length of screw rod~
0.4 times;First spiral groove depth of screw thread module 502 is 0.10 times~0.20 times of screw diameter, and spiral groove depth is along screw shaft
Line direction continuously shoals, and the compression ratio in the combined length direction of screw thread module 502,503 and 504 is designed as 0~4 but does not include 0;
Width is 0.01 times~0.10 times of screw diameter at the top of the spiral shell rib of screw thread module, and the spiral shell rib spacing of screw thread module is equidistant and is equal to
Screw diameter, spiral shell rib top and machine tube inner wall gap about 0.08mm~1mm, the thread helix angle of screw thread module of screw thread module
It is 15 °~30 °;The 4th section of screw rod 5, without transition inner cavity, can prevent high viscosity from molding between melt fracture module 505 and head 6
The formation of Composite Melt plug, and prevent high viscosity molded composites from generating excessive head pressure and leading to extruder not
The problem of capable of working normally, screw speed are 0rpm~200rpm.
The loading hopper 3, head 6, heating and cooling device, electric-controlled device are known in the art, wherein head
6 both can be used extruding pelletization head, and pipe, piece, profile shapes etc. can also be used and squeeze out head, heating and cooling device refers to for spiral shell
The heating of bar 5 and cooling die heater, electric-controlled device is the electric heater and its temperature, screw rod 5 for installing on the outside of machine barrel 4
The voltage and current equal controller of revolving speed, main motor 1.
The present invention has innovatively invented high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine, can both realize melt quality stream
Dynamic rate is 0g/min~15g/10min but does not include 0g/min or melt volume-flow rate is 0cm3/ min~20cm3/
10min but do not include 0cm3The high viscosity or reaction thickening or the cured molded composites stable extrusion of reaction of/min
And granulation, and can realize production environment close friend's purpose, important technology is provided for the production of high-performance high viscosity molded composites
Support.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of screw rod 5 of the invention;
Fig. 3 is 501 structural schematic diagram of screw mandrel of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of paragraph 1 one start screw module 502 in screw rod of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the 2nd section of one start screw module 503 in screw rod of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the 3rd section of double thread module 504 in screw rod of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the 4th section of melt fracture module 505 in screw rod of the invention.
Mark meaning in attached drawing:
1-main motor, 2-reduction gearboxes, 3-loading hoppers, 4-machine barrels, 5-screw rods, 501-screw mandrels, 5011-screw rod cores
Axis cross section, 5012-screw mandrel center heating/cooling medium holes, A-A --- sectional schematic diagram at screw mandrel A-A,
502-paragraph 1 one start screw modules, 5021-paragraph 1 one start screw module left views, 503-the 2 section of one start screw module,
5031-the 2 section of one start screw module left view, 504-the 3 section of double thread module, 5041-the 3 section of double thread module
Left view, 505-the 4 section of melt fracture module, 5051-the 4 section of melt fracture module left view, 6-heads.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) a kind of high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine includes transmission device, loading hopper 3, machine barrel 4, screw rod 5, machine
First 6, heating and cooling device, electric-controlled device.
(2) above-mentioned transmission device includes main motor 1 and reduction gearbox 2.The output shaft of main motor 1 and the input shaft of reduction gearbox 2
End connects transmission with belt by belt pulley, and the revolving speed of the main motor 1 can pass through the AC converter control of electrical control gear
System is able to achieve stepless frequency modulation speed regulation, and the power of main motor 1 is 250kw, and the reduction gearbox 2 is using the Cylinder Gear that can hold big load
Take turns reduction gearbox.
(3) above-mentioned loading hopper 3 uses stainless steel making.
(4) liner of above-mentioned machine barrel 4 and screw rod 5 are all made of antifriction alloy steel making, and the internal diameter of machine barrel 4 is 150mm, machine barrel
The ratio between 4 length and its internal diameter are 5.5, and machine barrel 4 takes longitudinal structure design that deducts marks, and it is defeated that one end of machine barrel 4 is fixed on reduction gearbox 2
The side of outlet is equipped with electric heater and temperature sensor on the outside of machine barrel 4, controlled at room temperature~400 DEG C.
(5) above-mentioned screw rod 5 is made of the modular construction of screw mandrel 501 and several screw thread modules, mandrel 501 and spiral shell
Involute spline is taken to combine between line module, screw mandrel, which prolongs axis direction design, temperature control medium hole, is used for extruded material
Temperature control;The module component includes 502, the 2nd sections of one start screw modules 503 of paragraph 1 one start screw module, the 3rd section pair
The composition of head thread module 504 and the 4th section of screw thread module 505, wherein paragraph 1 one start screw module 502 mainly plays melt material and protects
Mild compacting, the 2nd section of one start screw module 503 and the 3rd section of double thread module 504 mainly play melt material heat preservation and conveying is made
With the 4th section of melt fracture module 505 mainly plays melt material heat preservation, destruction and shunting function;One start screw module 502 and 503
Screw pitch be equal to the outer diameter of screw rod 5, the screw pitch of screw rod double thread module 504 is equal to the half of the outer diameter of screw rod 5;Screw rod
5 outer diameter is 150mm, draw ratio 4;The combined length of the screw thread module 502,503 and 504 is the 0.9 of 5 length of screw rod
Times, the length of the 4th section of melt fracture module 505 is 0.1 times of 5 length of screw rod;First screw channel depth of screw thread module 502
Degree is 0.15 times of screw diameter, and spiral groove depth continuously shoals along screw axis direction, the conjunction of screw thread module 502,503 and 504
The compression ratio for counting length direction is 1;The spiral shell rib top width of screw thread module is 0.04 times of screw diameter, between the spiral shell rib of screw thread module
Away from for equidistantly and equal to screw diameter, spiral shell rib top and machine tube inner wall gap about 0.1mm, the screw thread of screw thread module of screw thread module
Helical angle is 17 ° 41 ';The 4th section of screw rod 5, without transition inner cavity, can prevent high viscosity between melt fracture module 505 and head 6
The formation of molded composites melt plug, and prevent high viscosity molded composites from generating excessive head pressure and causing to squeeze out
The problem of machine cisco unity malfunction, occurs.
(6) head 6 uses extruding pelletization head, and heating and cooling device uses die heater, and electric-controlled device is for machine
Cylinder 4 outside install electric heater and its temperature, the revolving speed of screw rod 5, main motor 1 voltage and current equal controller.
(7) phenolic resin/chopped strand/filler/curing agent/other auxiliary agents for being 3g/min to melt mass flow rate
Molded composites melt carries out extruding pelletization experiment, and screw speed is 80rpm, and extrusion temperature is 120 DEG C, the results showed that
The shape of extruding pelletization is cylindric, diameter 2mm~5mm, length 2mm~10mm, and size production environment is friendly.
Embodiment 2
(1)~(7) described in embodiment 2 and embodiment 1 the difference is that: the ring for being 3g/min to melt mass flow rate
Oxygen resin/chopped strand/filler/curing agent/other auxiliary agents molded composites melt carries out extruding pelletization experiment, extrusion temperature
It is 125 DEG C, other contents are identical.
Embodiment 3
(1)~(7) described in embodiment 3 and embodiment 1 the difference is that: main motor current 200kW, screw compression ratio are
1.5, it is molten to polyimides/chopped strand/filler/other auxiliary agents molded composites that melt mass flow rate is 6g/min
Body carries out extruding pelletization experiment, and extrusion temperature is 340 DEG C, and other contents are identical.
Embodiment 4
(1)~(7) described in embodiment 4 and embodiment 1 the difference is that: main motor current 150kW, screw compression ratio are
3, it is molten to polyether-ether-ketone/chopped strand/filler/other auxiliary agents molded composites that melt mass flow rate is 10g/min
Body carries out extruding pelletization experiment, and extrusion temperature is 380 DEG C, and other contents are identical.
Embodiment 5
(1)~(7) described in embodiment 5 and embodiment 1 the difference is that: main motor current 100kW, screw compression ratio are
3, it is molten to polycarbonate/chopped strand/filler/other auxiliary agents molded composites that melt mass flow rate is 10g/min
Body carries out extruding pelletization experiment, and extrusion temperature is 260 DEG C, and other contents are identical.
The major parameter of above-described embodiment and the results are shown in Table 1.
1 embodiment major parameter of table
1 embodiment major parameter of table
It is above-mentioned to show: by phenolic resin, epoxy resin, bimaleimide resin, polyimide resin, polyether-ether-ketone tree
Rouge, polycarbonate resin/chopped strand/filler/curing agent/other auxiliary agents heterogeneous system molded composites melt extrusion are real
Test examination, show high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine of the present invention be suitble to melt mass flow rate be 0g/min~
15g/10min but do not include 0g/min or melt volume-flow rate be 0cm3/ min~20cm3/ 10min but do not include 0cm3/
A variety of thermoplasticity of min and the steady extruding of thermosetting resin base high viscosity molded composites are granulated, the shape of extruding pelletization
For cylindric, diameter 2mm~5mm, length 2mm~10mm, size production environment close friend.
Above-mentioned is only preferred embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, is not departing from the present invention
Under the premise of technical principle, several improvement and deformations can be made, these improvement and deformations are regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Protection scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to embodiment of above, and protection scope of the present invention is with claims
Subject to, replacement, deformation, the improvement that those skilled in the art that any pair of this technology is made is readily apparent that each fall within of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. kind of high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine, including transmission device, loading hopper (3), machine barrel (4), screw rod
(5), head (6), heating and cooling device, electric-controlled device, the screw rod (5) is by screw mandrel (501) and several screw threads
The modular construction of module is constituted, and takes involute spline to combine between mandrel (501) and screw thread module, screw mandrel prolongs axis
Direction design has temperature control medium hole, and the screw thread module has included the one start screw module of melt material heat preservation and compaction
(502), play the one start screw module (503) and double thread module (504) of melt material heat preservation and conveying, play melt object
The melt fracture module (505) of material heat preservation, destruction and shunting function.
2. according to a kind of high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the list
Head thread module (502) and the screw pitch of (503) are equal to the outer diameter of screw rod (5).
3. according to a kind of high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described is double
The screw pitch of head thread module (504) is equal to the half of the outer diameter of screw rod (5).
4. according to a kind of high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the spiral shell
The outer diameter of bar (5) is 30mm~300mm, draw ratio is 1~10.
5. according to a kind of high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the single head
The combined length of screw thread module (502), one start screw module (503) and double thread module (504) is screw rod (5) length
0.6 times~0.9 times.
6. according to a kind of high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the melt
The length for destroying module (505) is 0.1 times~0.4 times of screw rod (5) length.
7. according to a kind of high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine described in claim 1, which is characterized in that screw thread mould
First spiral groove depth of block (502) is 0.10 times~0.20 times of screw diameter, and spiral groove depth is continuous along screw axis direction
It shoals.
8. according to a kind of high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the single head
The compression ratio in the combined length direction of screw thread module (502), one start screw module (503) and double thread module (504) designs
It is 0~4 but do not include 0.
9. according to a kind of high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine described in claim 1, which is characterized in that screw thread mould
Width is 0.01 times~0.10 times of screw diameter at the top of the spiral shell rib of block, and the spiral shell rib spacing of screw thread module is equidistant and straight equal to screw rod
Diameter, at the top of the spiral shell rib of screw thread module with machine tube inner wall gap about 0.08mm~1mm, the thread helix angle of screw thread module is 15 °~
30°。
10. according to a kind of high viscosity molded composites single screw extrusion machine described in claim 1, which is characterized in that melt is broken
Without transition inner cavity between bad module (505) and head (6), screw speed is 0rpm~200rpm, and the main motor (1) uses nothing
Grade speed regulation, the power of main motor (1) are 10kw~500kw, the internal diameter of the machine barrel (4) is 30mm~300mm, length and its in
The ratio between diameter is 1~10, and the machine barrel (4) takes longitudinal structure design that deducts marks, and extrusion temperature control is ambient temperature~400 DEG C.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112757642A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-05-07 | 苏州美梦机器有限公司 | Screw type feeding device, material extrusion system and method for 3D printing |
CN113123176A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-16 | 曾秦 | Degradable paper pulp molding environmental protection cutlery box automatic processing system |
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CN201669874U (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2010-12-15 | 广东达诚机械有限公司 | High-speed extrusion single screw for polypropylene |
CN202656456U (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2013-01-09 | 张家港华丰重型设备制造有限公司 | Double-spiral groove Maillefer screw |
CN102886888A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-01-23 | 金世源 | Internal exhaust type parallel counter-rotating multi-screw extruder |
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2019
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS5188559A (en) * | 1974-12-09 | 1976-08-03 | ||
CN201669874U (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2010-12-15 | 广东达诚机械有限公司 | High-speed extrusion single screw for polypropylene |
CN202656456U (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2013-01-09 | 张家港华丰重型设备制造有限公司 | Double-spiral groove Maillefer screw |
CN102886888A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-01-23 | 金世源 | Internal exhaust type parallel counter-rotating multi-screw extruder |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112757642A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-05-07 | 苏州美梦机器有限公司 | Screw type feeding device, material extrusion system and method for 3D printing |
CN113123176A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-16 | 曾秦 | Degradable paper pulp molding environmental protection cutlery box automatic processing system |
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Application publication date: 20190607 |