CN102303401B - Method and equipment for simultaneously forming multiple high polymer thin bars by single screw machine barrel - Google Patents
Method and equipment for simultaneously forming multiple high polymer thin bars by single screw machine barrel Download PDFInfo
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- CN102303401B CN102303401B CN2011102815770A CN201110281577A CN102303401B CN 102303401 B CN102303401 B CN 102303401B CN 2011102815770 A CN2011102815770 A CN 2011102815770A CN 201110281577 A CN201110281577 A CN 201110281577A CN 102303401 B CN102303401 B CN 102303401B
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- screw
- macromolecular material
- machine barrel
- rod
- screw rod
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/535—Screws with thread pitch varying along the longitudinal axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/397—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using a single screw
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method and equipment for simultaneously forming multiple high polymer thin bars by a single screw machine barrel. The method sequentially comprises the following steps: the high polymer material is fed via a feeding base, then moves forwards along the independent screw channel direction, and is gradually compacted; in a screw edge line tapering section, a screw edge line of the screw transits from a spiral shape to be parallel to the screw direction; the compacted high polymer material moves forwards along with the screw channel in a moving mode that is gradually changed from spiral movement into linear movement along the screw channel; in a thin bar forming section, each independent blank is formed between each independent screw channel and a homogenization barrel, a thin bar blank is formed in an independent cavity, and the high polymer thin bars are plasticized under the combined action of heating of a heater and friction heat; and the thin bar blank is shaped by cooling, and continuous formation of the high polymer thin bar is realized finally. The method and equipment have the beneficial effects that: the high polymer material with poor fluidity or even without fluidity can be used for continuously forming the bars by the single screw; and the high polymer bars can maintain the physical properties of the high polymer material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mobile difference even do not have the thin rod of mobile macromolecular material multi beam the moulding single-screw machine tube method of forming and equipment thereof simultaneously.
Background technology
At present, at the macromolecular material with certain flowability, the quantitative feed of extruding, plasticizing function and gear pump (Melt Pump) by single, double screw extruder, solidify or be condensed into the thin rod of macromolecular material or fiber by the spinning head aperture, this technical efficiency height, method maturation are used widely.But for the very excellent novel high polymer material of some performances, as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) etc., because poor mobile performance even do not have flowability, can not adopt quantitatively feed of single, double screw extruder extruding plasticizing and gear pump (Melt Pump), come the thin rod of moulding macromolecular material or fiber, make the application of such high-performance novel high polymer material be subjected to certain limitation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of at the mobile difference of thermosetting plastics and moulding even do not have the thin rod of mobile macromolecular material multi beam moulding single screw extruder barrel forming method and former thereof simultaneously at above-mentioned prior art, its can realize the thin rod of macromolecular material multi beam continuously, efficient moulding.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that adopts: the thin rod of macromolecular material multi beam moulding simultaneously single-screw machine tube former, it is characterized in that including the screw rod positioning seat, screw rod, the charging seat, the rotation machine barrel, bearing, bearing block, the moulding machine barrel, the homogenizing machine barrel, casing and power input shaft, described screw rod is fixed on the screw rod positioning seat, the rotation machine barrel is fixed on the casing by bearing and charging seat and bearing block respectively, moulding machine barrel and homogenizing machine barrel interconnect and are fixed on the bearing block by flange, the place, feed(raw material)inlet of rotation machine barrel is embedded with the feeding ring or is provided with internal thread, improve macromolecular material initial charge ability, power input shaft is connected by gear and rotation machine barrel, with transmission of power to the rotation machine barrel on, described screw-rod structure is divided into: the charging compression section, the compacting section, spiral shell crest line transition and thin excellent profiled section, wherein the structure of charging compression section is: the geometrical compression ratio of screw rod increases the physical compression ratio that reaches macromolecular material gradually; The structure of described compacting section is: the geometrical compression ratio of screw rod approaches or greater than the physical compression ratio of macromolecular material, guarantees that macromolecular material is compacted in this section; The structure of described spiral shell crest line transition is: the spiral shell rib of screw rod spiral shell crest line is changed into the linear that is parallel to the screw rod direction gradually by spirality; The structure of described thin excellent profiled section is: independently screw channel, spiral shell crest line are parallel to the screw rod direction for each, formed die cavity has formed the type embryo of the careful rod of independent high score separately between screw channel and homogenizing machine barrel, finishes plasticizing under the acting in conjunction of heater heating and frictional heat.
Press such scheme, the outside of described homogenizing machine barrel and moulding machine barrel is installed on heater respectively.
Press such scheme, have internal thread in the described feeding ring.
Press such scheme, described rotation machine tube inner wall has groove, and is corresponding with the compacting section of screw rod.
Press such scheme, described rotation machine tube inner wall is installed on the supercharging liner, has groove on the supercharging liner, and is corresponding with the compacting section of screw rod.
The thin rod of macromolecular material multi beam moulding simultaneously single-screw machine tube forming method, it is characterized in that order is carried out according to the following steps: macromolecular material is from the charging of charging seat, screw rod is static, under the acting in conjunction of the friction towing that the conveying of feeding ring is pushed and the rotation machine barrel rotates, macromolecular material moves ahead with independent screw channel direction separately, macromolecular material is compacted gradually, compacting section at screw rod, have groove on the supercharging liner on the inwall of rotation machine tube inner wall or rotation machine barrel, to produce enough extrusion pressures in the compacting section, guarantee that macromolecular material continues to move ahead with screw channel; At spiral shell crest line transition, the spiral shell crest line of screw rod is carried out the transition to parallel with the screw rod direction by spirality, and the macromolecular material that is compacted moves ahead with screw channel, and its forms of motion gradually becomes rectilinear motion with screw channel by screw; At thin excellent profiled section, each has independently formed self embryo separately between screw channel and homogenizing machine barrel, the macromolecular material that is compacted has formed thin excellent type embryo in independent die cavity, under the acting in conjunction of heater heating and frictional heat, finished the plasticizing of the careful rod of high score; By the careful rod of the high score of plasticizing is realized the cooling and shaping process, at last by under draw-gear, metering device and the common co-ordination of cutter sweep, realize the continuously shaped of the thin rod of macromolecular material.
Basic principle of the present invention is: according to the quantity of the thin rod of required moulding macromolecular material, have corresponding bull spiral shell crest line at screw rod, to a plurality of separate screw channels should be arranged, macromolecular material is finished in each independent screw channel simultaneously: the thin excellent type embryo → plasticizing of charging → compression → compacting → formation → processes such as typing.Screw rod is static, under the acting in conjunction of the friction towing of the conveying of feeding ring extruding and the rotation of rotation machine barrel, macromolecular material with separately independently the screw channel direction move ahead, macromolecular material is compacted gradually; In screw rod compacting section, have groove on corresponding machine barrel or the supercharging liner, will produce enough extrusion pressures at this section, guarantee that material continues to move ahead with screw channel; At spiral shell crest line transition, screw rod spiral shell crest line is carried out the transition to parallel with the screw rod direction by spirality, and the macromolecular material that is compacted moves ahead with screw channel, and its forms of motion screw again gradually becomes rectilinear motion; At the bar profiled section, each has independently formed self embryo separately between screw channel and homogenizing machine barrel, the macromolecular material that is compacted has formed thin excellent type embryo in this independent mould cavities, under the acting in conjunction of heater heating and frictional heat, finished the plasticizing of thin rod, its quantity equals the spiral shell rib number of screw rod, and its bar cross sectional shape is determined with the formed die cavity of corresponding screw channel cross section by the homogenizing machine barrel.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) the present invention has different moulding process with single (two) screw rod moulding of tradition macromolecule bar
The present invention has unique moulding process, its moulding process principal character: material is from the charging seat charging → compacting gradually → compacting attitude → thin excellent type embryo of formation → plasticizing fully; The moulding process of common single, double screw rod moulding macromolecular material bar: material is from charging seat charging → compacting → plasticizing gradually → form bar type embryo by head, in the operation of the present invention bar type embryo forming preceding and the plasticizing after, and traditional molding procedure is to realize the plasticizing of macromolecular material earlier, realizes the bar moulding again in head;
(2) the present invention can realize mobile moment even not have mobile this family macromolecule material or the continuously shaped bar of the single screw rod of composite material by adopting
The present invention forms bar type embryo earlier and plastifies then, and this moulding process guarantees that forming process does not have and must concern in the flowability of material, even mobile very poor even do not have the mobile macromolecular material also can moulding;
(3) patent of the present invention can realize adopting single screw extrusion machine one-shot forming multi beam macromolecule bar
Quantity according to the thin rod of required moulding macromolecular material, have corresponding bull spiral shell crest line at screw rod, to a plurality of separate screw channels should be arranged, macromolecular material is finished in screw channel simultaneously: the thin excellent type embryo → plasticizing of charging → compression → compacting → formation → processes such as typing;
(4) the macromolecular material bar that obtains of institute of the present invention moulding can keep the physical property of macromolecular material
When carrying out the moulding of macromolecular material bar, macromolecular material to the flowability difference does not need to carry out the flowability that process modification improves macromolecular material, forming temperature is lower than the macromolecular material decomposition temperature simultaneously, then the macromolecular material bar of moulding is with the performance of intact reservation macromolecular material, table 1 is for adopting the mobile very poor pure ultra-high molecular mass polyethylene bar of moulding of the present invention, and the result shows that the pure ultra-high molecular mass polyethylene sheet material that the present invention produces has kept the original excellent properties of super high molecular weight base ethene fully.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is former structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is screw-rod structure sketch of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but can not be construed as limiting the invention.
Former of the present invention mainly comprises: screw rod positioning seat 1, screw rod 2, charging seat 3, rotation machine barrel 4, gear 5, bearing 6, moulding machine barrel 7, heater 8, homogenizing machine barrel 9, casing 10, gear 11, bearing block 12, power input shaft 13 and feeding ring 14, described screw rod 2 is fixed on the screw rod positioning seat 1, rotation machine barrel 4 is fixed on the casing 10 by bearing 6 and charging seat 3 and bearing block 12 respectively, moulding machine barrel 7 and homogenizing machine barrel 9 interconnect and are fixed on the bearing block 12 by flange, the outside of homogenizing machine barrel 9 and moulding machine barrel 7 is installed on heater 8 respectively, the place, feed(raw material)inlet of rotation machine barrel 4 is embedded with feeding ring 14, improve macromolecular material initial charge ability, power input shaft 13 is by gear 5, gear 11 is connected with the rotation machine barrel, with transmission of power to the rotation machine barrel on
Described screw rod 2 includes charging compression section 15, compacting section 16, spiral shell crest line transition 17 and thin excellent profiled section 18, have following architectural feature: the structure of charging compression section is, its geometrical compression ratio that reaches each screw channel is increased gradually and approaches or reaches the physical compression ratio of macromolecular material by the design to the screw rod geometry; The structure of described compacting section is, its geometrical compression ratio that reaches screw channel approached or greater than the physical compression ratio of macromolecular material by the design to the screw rod geometry; The structure of described spiral shell crest line transition is: screw rod spiral shell crest line carries out the transition to the linear parallel with the screw rod direction by spirality; The structure of described thin excellent profiled section is: independently screw channel, spiral shell crest line are parallel to the screw rod direction for each, formed the type embryo of the careful rod of independent high score separately between screw channel and homogenizing machine barrel, the macromolecular material that is compacted has formed thin excellent type embryo in this independent mould cavities, finish plasticizing under the acting in conjunction of heater heating and frictional heat, its bar cross sectional shape is determined with the formed die cavity of corresponding screw channel cross section by the homogenizing machine barrel.
Have groove on the compacting section of the corresponding screw rod of inwall of rotation machine barrel 4, the conveying capacity or the described rotation machine tube inner wall that improve macromolecular material are installed on the supercharging liner, have groove on the supercharging liner, and be corresponding with the compacting section of screw rod.
Also can have internal thread in the described feeding ring, improve macromolecular material initial charge ability, perhaps offer internal thread at the feed entrance place of rotation machine barrel and substitute the feeding ring, improve macromolecular material initial charge ability.
Power set, transmission device, the temperature control system that the macromolecular material bar list screw extrusion molding machine barrel method of forming needs all can adopt existing single screw extrusion machine identical device and technology, and draw-gear, metering device and cutter sweep adopt existing conventional equipment.
Macromolecular material bar list screw extrusion molding machine barrel forming method, it is characterized in that order is carried out according to the following steps: macromolecular material is from the charging of charging seat, screw rod is static, under the acting in conjunction of the friction towing that the conveying of feeding ring is pushed and the rotation machine barrel rotates, macromolecular material moves ahead with independent screw channel direction separately, macromolecular material is compacted gradually, compacting section at screw rod, have groove on the supercharging liner on the inwall of rotation machine tube inner wall or rotation machine barrel, to produce enough extrusion pressures in the compacting section, guarantee that macromolecular material continues to move ahead with screw channel; At spiral shell crest line transition, the spiral shell crest line of screw rod is carried out the transition to parallel with the screw rod direction by spirality, and the macromolecular material that is compacted moves ahead with screw channel, and its forms of motion gradually becomes rectilinear motion with screw channel by screw; At thin excellent profiled section, each has independently formed self embryo separately between screw channel and homogenizing machine barrel, the macromolecular material that is compacted has formed thin excellent type embryo in independent die cavity, under the acting in conjunction of heater heating and frictional heat, finished the plasticizing of the careful rod of high score; By the careful rod of the high score of plasticizing is realized the cooling and shaping process, at last by under draw-gear, metering device and the common co-ordination of cutter sweep, realize the continuously shaped of the thin rod of macromolecular material.
The thin rod of pure UHMWPE that table 1 adopts the present invention to produce carries out the critical performance parameters examining report, show sample in the intact reservation in aspects such as density, vicat softening temperature, wearability and dry friction coefficient the physical property of pure UHMWPE.
Table 1 carries out the critical performance parameters testing result by the thin rod of pure UHMWPE that the present invention produces
| Sequence | Detect content | Remarks |
| 1 | Sample carries out vicat softening temperature according to GB/T8802-2001 and detects, and the result is 79.3 ℃; | Consistent with 79 ℃ of the softening temperatures of mold pressing pure ultra-high |
| 2 | Sample carries out the mortar wear rate according to QB/T2668-2004 appendix B and detects, and test result is 0.13%. | Much smaller than QB/T2668-2004 standard 0.54% |
| 3 | Sample carries out Density Detection according to the infusion process among the GB/T1033.1-2008, and the result is 0.931g/cm 3; | In full accord with pure ultra-high molecular mass polyethylene density |
| 4 | Decrease testing machine at pin-mill and carry out friction-wear test, dry friction coefficient is 0.09 | Consistent with mold pressing pure ultra-high molecular mass polyethylene sample 0.10 |
Claims (6)
1. the thin rod of macromolecular material multi beam moulding simultaneously single-screw machine tube former, it is characterized in that including screw rod positioning seat (1), screw rod (2), charging seat (3), rotation machine barrel (4), bearing (6), bearing block (12), moulding machine barrel (7), homogenizing machine barrel (9), casing (10) and power input shaft (13), described screw rod (2) is fixed on the screw rod positioning seat (1), rotation machine barrel (4) is fixed on the casing (10) by bearing (6) and charging seat (3) and bearing block (12) respectively, moulding machine barrel (7) and homogenizing machine barrel (9) interconnect and are fixed on by flange on the bearing block (12), the place, feed(raw material)inlet of rotation machine barrel (4) is embedded with feeding ring (14) or is provided with internal thread, improve macromolecular material initial charge ability, power input shaft (13) is connected by gear and rotation machine barrel, with transmission of power to the rotation machine barrel on, described screw-rod structure is divided into: charging compression section (15), compacting section (16), spiral shell crest line transition (17) and thin excellent profiled section (18), wherein the structure of charging compression section is: the geometrical compression ratio of screw rod increases the physical compression ratio that reaches macromolecular material gradually; The structure of described compacting section is: the geometrical compression ratio of screw rod approaches or greater than the physical compression ratio of macromolecular material, guarantees that macromolecular material is compacted in this section; The structure of described spiral shell crest line transition is: the spiral shell rib of screw rod spiral shell crest line is changed into the linear that is parallel to the screw rod direction gradually by spirality; The structure of described thin excellent profiled section is: independently screw channel, spiral shell crest line are parallel to the screw rod direction for each, formed die cavity has formed the type embryo of the careful rod of independent high score separately between screw channel and homogenizing machine barrel, finishes plasticizing under the acting in conjunction of heater heating and frictional heat.
2. by the thin rod of the described macromolecular material multi beam of claim 1 moulding simultaneously single-screw machine tube former, it is characterized in that the outside of described homogenizing machine barrel (9) and moulding machine barrel (7) is installed on heater (8) respectively.
3. by claim 1 or the thin rod of 2 described macromolecular material multi beams moulding simultaneously single-screw machine tube former, it is characterized in that having internal thread in the described feeding ring.
4. by claim 1 or the thin rod of 2 described macromolecular material multi beams moulding simultaneously single-screw machine tube former, it is characterized in that described rotation machine tube inner wall has groove, corresponding with the compacting section of screw rod.
5. by claim 1 or the thin rod of 2 described macromolecular material multi beams moulding simultaneously single-screw machine tube former, it is characterized in that described rotation machine tube inner wall is installed on the supercharging liner, have groove on the supercharging liner, corresponding with the compacting section of screw rod.
6. the thin rod of macromolecular material multi beam moulding simultaneously single-screw machine tube forming method, it is characterized in that order is carried out according to the following steps: macromolecular material is from the charging of charging seat, screw rod is static, under the acting in conjunction of the friction towing that the conveying of feeding ring is pushed and the rotation machine barrel rotates, macromolecular material moves ahead with independent screw channel direction separately, macromolecular material is compacted gradually, compacting section at screw rod, have groove on the supercharging liner on the inwall of rotation machine tube inner wall or rotation machine barrel, to produce enough extrusion pressures in the compacting section, guarantee that macromolecular material continues to move ahead with screw channel; At spiral shell crest line transition, the spiral shell crest line of screw rod is carried out the transition to parallel with the screw rod direction by spirality, and the macromolecular material that is compacted moves ahead with screw channel, and its forms of motion gradually becomes rectilinear motion with screw channel by screw; At thin excellent profiled section, each has independently formed independent die cavity separately between screw channel and homogenizing machine barrel, the macromolecular material that is compacted has formed thin excellent type embryo in independent die cavity, under the acting in conjunction of heater heating and frictional heat, finished the plasticizing of the careful rod of high score; By the careful rod of the high score of plasticizing is realized the cooling and shaping process, at last by draw-gear, metering device and the common co-ordination of cutter sweep, realize the continuously shaped of the thin rod of macromolecular material multi beam.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011102815770A CN102303401B (en) | 2011-09-21 | 2011-09-21 | Method and equipment for simultaneously forming multiple high polymer thin bars by single screw machine barrel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011102815770A CN102303401B (en) | 2011-09-21 | 2011-09-21 | Method and equipment for simultaneously forming multiple high polymer thin bars by single screw machine barrel |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102303401A CN102303401A (en) | 2012-01-04 |
| CN102303401B true CN102303401B (en) | 2013-08-07 |
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| CN2011102815770A Expired - Fee Related CN102303401B (en) | 2011-09-21 | 2011-09-21 | Method and equipment for simultaneously forming multiple high polymer thin bars by single screw machine barrel |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102990899A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-03-27 | 武汉工程大学 | Forming method and equipment of macromolecular material profile by using single-screw extrusion cylinder |
| CN104097313A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-10-15 | 沈阳化工大学 | Rotating cylinder of single-screw extruder with thread |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1057612A1 (en) * | 1999-05-24 | 2000-12-06 | Robert A. Barr | Extruder screw with internal axial bore for melt transport |
| CN1438107A (en) * | 2003-03-27 | 2003-08-27 | 四川大学 | Method for continuously extrauding super-high molecular-weight polytene composite material by double screw-rod |
| CN201140515Y (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2008-10-29 | 武汉工程大学 | Single-screw extruder barrel molding equipment for ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene tube |
| CN201415478Y (en) * | 2009-04-27 | 2010-03-03 | 徐新 | Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene tubing extrusion equipment |
| CN101722647A (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2010-06-09 | 周恒勇 | Preparation method for directly extruding ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene bar |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6178619A (en) * | 1984-09-27 | 1986-04-22 | Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc | Apparatus for testing extrusion of thermosetting resin |
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2011
- 2011-09-21 CN CN2011102815770A patent/CN102303401B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1057612A1 (en) * | 1999-05-24 | 2000-12-06 | Robert A. Barr | Extruder screw with internal axial bore for melt transport |
| CN1438107A (en) * | 2003-03-27 | 2003-08-27 | 四川大学 | Method for continuously extrauding super-high molecular-weight polytene composite material by double screw-rod |
| CN201140515Y (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2008-10-29 | 武汉工程大学 | Single-screw extruder barrel molding equipment for ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene tube |
| CN101722647A (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2010-06-09 | 周恒勇 | Preparation method for directly extruding ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene bar |
| CN201415478Y (en) * | 2009-04-27 | 2010-03-03 | 徐新 | Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene tubing extrusion equipment |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JP昭61-78619A 1986.04.22 |
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